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3. Exploratory study of ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation and age of onset of bipolar disorder

Author

Bauer, Michael, Glenn, Tasha, Achtyes, Eric D., Alda, Martin, Agaoglu, Esen, Altınbaş, Kürsat, Andreassen, Ole A., Angelopoulos, Elias, Ardau, Raffaella, Aydin, Memduha, Ayhan, Yavuz, Baethge, Christopher, Bauer, Rita, Baune, Bernhard T., Balaban, Ceylan, Becerra-Palars, Claudia, Behere, Aniruddh P., Behere, Prakash B., Belete, Habte, Belete, Tilahun, Belizario, Gabriel Okawa, Bellivier, Frank, Belmaker, Robert H., Benedetti, Francesco, Berk, Michael, Bersudsky, Yuly, Bicakci, Şule, Birabwa-Oketcho, Harriet, Bjella, Thomas D., Brady, Conan, Cabrera, Jorge, Cappucciati, Marco, Castro, Angela Marianne Paredes, Chen, Wei-Ling, Cheung, Eric Y. W., Chiesa, Silvia, Crowe, Marie, Cuomo, Alessandro, Dallaspezia, Sara, Del Zompo, Maria, Desai, Pratikkumar, Dodd, Seetal, Etain, Bruno, Fagiolini, Andrea, Fellendorf, Frederike T., Ferensztajn-Rochowiak, Ewa, Fiedorowicz, Jess G., Fountoulakis, Kostas N., Frye, Mark A., Geoffroy, Pierre A., Gitlin, Michael J., Gonzalez-Pinto, Ana, Gottlieb, John F., Grof, Paul, Haarman, Bartholomeus C. M., Harima, Hirohiko, Hasse-Sousa, Mathias, Henry, Chantal, Hoffding, Lone, Houenou, Josselin, Imbesi, Massimiliano, Isometsä, Erkki T., Ivkovic, Maja, Janno, Sven, Johnsen, Simon, Kapczinski, Flávio, Karakatsoulis, Gregory N., Kardell, Mathias, Kessing, Lars Vedel, Kim, Seong Jae, König, Barbara, Kot, Timur L., Koval, Michael, Kunz, Mauricio, Lafer, Beny, Landén, Mikael, Larsen, Erik R., Lenger, Melanie, Licht, Rasmus W., Lopez-Jaramillo, Carlos, MacKenzie, Alan, Madsen, Helle Østergaard, Madsen, Simone Alberte Kongstad A., Mahadevan, Jayant, Mahardika, Agustine, Manchia, Mirko, Marsh, Wendy, Martinez-Cengotitabengoa, Monica, Martini, Julia, Martiny, Klaus, Mashima, Yuki, McLoughlin, Declan M., Meesters, Ybe, Melle, Ingrid, Meza-Urzúa, Fátima, Mikolas, Pavol, Mok, Yee Ming, Monteith, Scott, Moorthy, Muthukumaran, Morken, Gunnar, Mosca, Enrica, Mozzhegorov, Anton A., Munoz, Rodrigo, Mythri, Starlin V., Nacef, Fethi, Nadella, Ravi K., Nakanotani, Takako, Nielsen, René Ernst, O’Donovan, Claire, Omrani, Adel, Osher, Yamima, Ouali, Uta, Pantovic-Stefanovic, Maja, Pariwatcharakul, Pornjira, Petite, Joanne, Petzold, Johannes, Pfennig, Andrea, Ruiz, Yolanda Pica, Pinna, Marco, Pompili, Maurizio, Porter, Richard J., Quiroz, Danilo, Rabelo-da-Ponte, Francisco Diego, Ramesar, Raj, Rasgon, Natalie, Ratta-apha, Woraphat, Ratzenhofer, Michaela, Redahan, Maria, Reddy, M. S., Reif, Andreas, Reininghaus, Eva Z., Richards, Jenny Gringer, Ritter, Philipp, Rybakowski, Janusz K., Sathyaputri, Leela, Scippa, Angela M., Simhandl, Christian, Smith, Daniel, Smith, José, Stackhouse, Jr, Paul W., Stein, Dan J., Stilwell, Kellen, Strejilevich, Sergio, Su, Kuan-Pin, Subramaniam, Mythily, Sulaiman, Ahmad Hatim, Suominen, Kirsi, Tanra, Andi J., Tatebayashi, Yoshitaka, Teh, Wen Lin, Tondo, Leonardo, Torrent, Carla, Tuinstra, Daniel, Uchida, Takahito, Vaaler, Arne E., Vieta, Eduard, Viswanath, Biju, Yoldi-Negrete, Maria, Yalcinkaya, Oguz Kaan, Young, Allan H., Zgueb, Yosra, and Whybrow, Peter C.

Published
2023
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4. Association between polarity of first episode and solar insolation in bipolar I disorder

Author

Bauer, Michael, Glenn, Tasha, Achtyes, Eric D., Alda, Martin, Agaoglu, Esen, Altınbaş, Kürşat, Andreassen, Ole A., Angelopoulos, Elias, Ardau, Raffaella, Aydin, Memduha, Ayhan, Yavuz, Baethge, Christopher, Bauer, Rita, Baune, Bernhard T., Balaban, Ceylan, Becerra-Palars, Claudia, Behere, Aniruddh P., Behere, Prakash B., Belete, Habte, Belete, Tilahun, Belizario, Gabriel Okawa, Bellivier, Frank, Belmaker, Robert H., Benedetti, Francesco, Berk, Michael, Bersudsky, Yuly, Bicakci, Şule, Birabwa-Oketcho, Harriet, Bjella, Thomas D., Brady, Conan, Cabrera, Jorge, Cappucciati, Marco, Castro, Angela Marianne Paredes, Chen, Wei-Ling, Cheung, Eric Y.W., Chiesa, Silvia, Crowe, Marie, Cuomo, Alessandro, Dallaspezia, Sara, Del Zompo, Maria, Desai, Pratikkumar, Dodd, Seetal, Etain, Bruno, Fagiolini, Andrea, Fellendorf, Frederike T., Ferensztajn-Rochowiak, Ewa, Fiedorowicz, Jess G., Fountoulakis, Kostas N., Frye, Mark A., Geoffroy, Pierre A., Gonzalez-Pinto, Ana, Gottlieb, John F., Grof, Paul, Haarman, Bartholomeus C.M., Harima, Hirohiko, Hasse-Sousa, Mathias, Henry, Chantal, Høffding, Lone, Houenou, Josselin, Imbesi, Massimiliano, Isometsä, Erkki T., Ivkovic, Maja, Janno, Sven, Johnsen, Simon, Kapczinski, Flávio, Karakatsoulis, Gregory N., Kardell, Mathias, Kessing, Lars Vedel, Kim, Seong Jae, König, Barbara, Kot, Timur L., Koval, Michael, Kunz, Mauricio, Lafer, Beny, Landén, Mikael, Larsen, Erik R., Lenger, Melanie, Lewitzka, Ute, Licht, Rasmus W., Lopez-Jaramillo, Carlos, MacKenzie, Alan, Madsen, Helle Østergaard, Madsen, Simone Alberte Kongstad A., Mahadevan, Jayant, Mahardika, Agustine, Manchia, Mirko, Marsh, Wendy, Martinez-Cengotitabengoa, Monica, Martiny, Klaus, Mashima, Yuki, McLoughlin, Declan M., Meesters, Ybe, Melle, Ingrid, Meza-Urzúa, Fátima, Mok, Yee Ming, Monteith, Scott, Moorthy, Muthukumaran, Morken, Gunnar, Mosca, Enrica, Mozzhegorov, Anton A., Munoz, Rodrigo, Mythri, Starlin V., Nacef, Fethi, Nadella, Ravi K., Nakanotani, Takako, Nielsen, René Ernst, O'Donovan, Claire, Omrani, Adel, Osher, Yamima, Ouali, Uta, Pantovic-Stefanovic, Maja, Pariwatcharakul, Pornjira, Petite, Joanne, Pfennig, Andrea, Ruiz, Yolanda Pica, Pinna, Marco, Pompili, Maurizio, Porter, Richard, Quiroz, Danilo, Rabelo-da-Ponte, Francisco Diego, Ramesar, Raj, Rasgon, Natalie, Ratta-apha, Woraphat, Ratzenhofer, Michaela, Redahan, Maria, Reddy, M.S., Reif, Andreas, Reininghaus, Eva Z., Richards, Jenny Gringer, Ritter, Philipp, Rybakowski, Janusz K., Sathyaputri, Leela, Scippa, Ângela M., Simhandl, Christian, Smith, Daniel, Smith, José, Stackhouse, Paul W., Jr., Stein, Dan J., Stilwell, Kellen, Strejilevich, Sergio, Su, Kuan-Pin, Subramaniam, Mythily, Sulaiman, Ahmad Hatim, Suominen, Kirsi, Tanra, Andi J., Tatebayashi, Yoshitaka, Teh, Wen Lin, Tondo, Leonardo, Torrent, Carla, Tuinstra, Daniel, Uchida, Takahito, Vaaler, Arne E., Vieta, Eduard, Viswanath, Biju, Yoldi-Negrete, Maria, Yalcinkaya, Oguz Kaan, Young, Allan H., Zgueb, Yosra, and Whybrow, Peter C.

Published
2022
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7. Differential Outcomes of Placebo Treatment Across 9 Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Author

Bschor, Tom, Nagel, Lea, Unger, Josephine, Schwarzer, Guido, and Baethge, Christopher

Subjects
GENERALIZED anxiety disorder, PEOPLE with mental illness, SOCIAL phobia, PANIC disorders, POST-traumatic stress disorder
Abstract

Key Points: Question: Which psychiatric disorder exhibits the strongest improvement associated with placebo treatment in randomized clinical trials (RCTs)? Findings: This systematic review and meta-analysis of 90 high-quality RCTs with 9985 participants found significant improvement under placebo treatment for all 9 disorders, but the degree of improvement varied significantly among diagnoses. Patients with major depressive disorder experienced the greatest improvement, followed by those with generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, social phobia, mania, and OCD, while patients with schizophrenia benefited the least. Meaning: These findings may inform planning of RCTs, interpreting of uncontrolled studies, and advising patients for or against a specific treatment. This systematic review and meta-analysis compares outcomes in placebo groups in 90 randomized clinical trials across 9 psychiatric disorders. Importance: Placebo is the only substance systematically evaluated across common psychiatric diagnoses, but comprehensive cross-diagnostic comparisons are lacking. Objective: To compare changes in placebo groups in recent high-quality randomized clinical trials (RCTs) across a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders in adult patients. Data Sources: MEDLINE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were systematically searched in March 2022 for the latest systematic reviews meeting predetermined high-quality criteria for 9 major psychiatric diagnoses. Study Selection: Using these reviews, the top 10 highest-quality (ie, lowest risk of bias, according to the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool) and most recent placebo-controlled RCTs per diagnosis (totaling 90 RCTs) were selected, adhering to predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data Extraction and Synthesis: Following the Cochrane Handbook, 2 authors independently carried out the study search, selection, and data extraction. Cross-diagnosis comparisons were based on standardized pre-post effect sizes (mean change divided by its SD) for each placebo group. This study is reported following the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) reporting guideline. Main Outcome and Measure: The primary outcome, pooled pre-post placebo effect sizes (dav) with 95% CIs per diagnosis, was determined using random-effects meta-analyses. A Q test assessed statistical significance of differences across diagnoses. Heterogeneity and small-study effects were evaluated as appropriate. Results: A total of 90 RCTs with 9985 placebo-treated participants were included. Symptom severity improved with placebo in all diagnoses. Pooled pre-post placebo effect sizes differed across diagnoses (Q = 88.5; df = 8; P <.001), with major depressive disorder (dav = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.24-1.56) and generalized anxiety disorder (dav = 1.23; 95% CI, 1.06-1.41) exhibiting the largest dav. Panic disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, social phobia, and mania showed dav between 0.68 and 0.92, followed by OCD (dav = 0.65; 95% CI, 0.51-0.78) and schizophrenia (dav = 0.59; 95% CI, 0.41-0.76). Conclusion and Relevance: This systematic review and meta-analysis found that symptom improvement with placebo treatment was substantial in all conditions but varied across the 9 included diagnoses. These findings may help in assessing the necessity and ethical justification of placebo controls, in evaluating treatment effects in uncontrolled studies, and in guiding patients in treatment decisions. These findings likely encompass the true placebo effect, natural disease course, and nonspecific effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Variations in seasonal solar insolation are associated with a history of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder

Author

Bauer, Michael, Glenn, Tasha, Achtyes, Eric D., Alda, Martin, Agaoglu, Esen, Altınbaş, Kürşat, Andreassen, Ole A., Angelopoulos, Elias, Ardau, Raffaella, Vares, Edgar Arrua, Aydin, Memduha, Ayhan, Yavuz, Baethge, Christopher, Bauer, Rita, Baune, Bernhard T., Balaban, Ceylan, Becerra-Palars, Claudia, Behere, Aniruddh P., Behere, Prakash B., Belete, Habte, Belete, Tilahun, Belizario, Gabriel Okawa, Bellivier, Frank, Belmaker, Robert H., Benedetti, Francesco, Berk, Michael, Bersudsky, Yuly, Bicakci, Şule, Birabwa-Oketcho, Harriet, Bjella, Thomas D., Brady, Conan, Cabrera, Jorge, Cappucciati, Marco, Castro, Angela Marianne Paredes, Chen, Wei-Ling, Cheung, Eric Y. Wo, Chiesa, Silvia, Crowe, Marie, Cuomo, Alessandro, Dallaspezia, Sara, Del Zompo, Maria, Desai, Pratikkumar, Dodd, Seetal, Donix, Markus, Etain, Bruno, Fagiolini, Andrea, Fellendorf, Frederike T., Ferensztajn-Rochowiak, Ewa, Fiedorowicz, Jess G., Fountoulakis, Kostas N., Frye, Mark A., Geoffroy, Pierre A., Gonzalez-Pinto, Ana, Gottlieb, John F., Grof, Paul, Haarman, Bartholomeus C. M., Harima, Hirohiko, Hasse-Sousa, Mathias, Henry, Chantal, Høffding, Lone, Houenou, Josselin, Imbesi, Massimiliano, Isometsä, Erkki T., Ivkovic, Maja, Janno, Sven, Johnsen, Simon, Kapczinski, Flávio, Karakatsoulis, Gregory N., Kardell, Mathias, Kessing, Lars Vedel, Kim, Seong Jae, König, Barbara, Kot, Timur L., Koval, Michael, Kunz, Mauricio, Lafer, Beny, Landén, Mikael, Larsen, Erik R., Lenger, Melanie, Lewitzka, Ute, Licht, Rasmus W., Lopez-Jaramillo, Carlos, MacKenzie, Alan, Madsen, Helle Østergaard, Madsen, Simone Alberte Kongstad A., Mahadevan, Jayant, Mahardika, Agustine, Manchia, Mirko, Marsh, Wendy, Martinez-Cengotitabengoa, Monica, Martiny, Klaus, Mashima, Yuki, McLoughlin, Declan M., Meesters, Ybe, Melle, Ingrid, Meza-Urzúa, Fátima, Ming, Mok Yee, Monteith, Scott, Moorthy, Muthukumaran, Morken, Gunnar, Mosca, Enrica, Mozzhegorov, Anton A., Munoz, Rodrigo, Mythri, Starlin V., Nacef, Fethi, Nadella, Ravi K., Nakanotani, Takako, Nielsen, René Ernst, O‘Donovan, Claire, Omrani, Adel, Osher, Yamima, Ouali, Uta, Pantovic-Stefanovic, Maja, Pariwatcharakul, Pornjira, Petite, Joanne, Pfennig, Andrea, Ruiz, Yolanda Pica, Pilhatsch, Maximilian, Pinna, Marco, Pompili, Maurizio, Porter, Richard, Quiroz, Danilo, Rabelo-da-Ponte, Francisco Diego, Ramesar, Raj, Rasgon, Natalie, Ratta-apha, Woraphat, Ratzenhofer, Michaela, Redahan, Maria, Reddy, M. S., Reif, Andreas, Reininghaus, Eva Z., Richards, Jenny Gringer, Ritter, Philipp, Rybakowski, Janusz K., Sathyaputri, Leela, Scippa, Ângela M., Simhandl, Christian, Severus, Emanuel, Smith, Daniel, Smith, José, Stackhouse, Jr., Paul W., Stein, Dan J., Stilwell, Kellen, Strejilevich, Sergio, Su, Kuan-Pin, Subramaniam, Mythily, Sulaiman, Ahmad Hatim, Suominen, Kirsi, Tanra, Andi J., Tatebayashi, Yoshitaka, Teh, Wen Lin, Tondo, Leonardo, Torrent, Carla, Tuinstra, Daniel, Uchida, Takahito, Vaaler, Arne E., Veeh, Julia, Vieta, Eduard, Viswanath, Biju, Yoldi-Negrete, Maria, Yalcinkaya, Oguz Kaan, Young, Allan H., Zgueb, Yosra, and Whybrow, Peter C.

Published
2021
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10. Association between solar insolation and a history of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder

Author

Bauer, Michael, Glenn, Tasha, Alda, Martin, Andreassen, Ole A., Angelopoulos, Elias, Ardau, Raffaella, Ayhan, Yavuz, Baethge, Christopher, Bauer, Rita, Baune, Bernhard T., Becerra-Palars, Claudia, Bellivier, Frank, Belmaker, Robert H., Berk, Michael, Bersudsky, Yuly, Bicakci, Şule, Birabwa-Oketcho, Harriet, Bjella, Thomas D., Cabrera, Jorge, Wo Cheung, Eric Y., Del Zompo, Maria, Dodd, Seetal, Donix, Markus, Etain, Bruno, Fagiolini, Andrea, Fountoulakis, Kostas N., Frye, Mark A., Gonzalez-Pinto, Ana, Gottlieb, John F., Grof, Paul, Harima, Hirohiko, Henry, Chantal, Isometsä, Erkki T., Janno, Sven, Kapczinski, Flávio, Kardell, Mathias, Khaldi, Slim, Kliwicki, Sebastian, König, Barbara, Kot, Timur L., Krogh, Rikke, Kunz, Mauricio, Lafer, Beny, Landén, Mikael, Larsen, Erik R., Lewitzka, Ute, Licht, Rasmus W., Lopez-Jaramillo, Carlos, MacQueen, Glenda, Manchia, Mirko, Marsh, Wendy, Martinez-Cengotitabengoa, Mónica, Melle, Ingrid, Meza-Urzúa, Fátima, Ming, Mok Yee, Monteith, Scott, Morken, Gunnar, Mosca, Enrica, Mozzhegorov, Anton A., Munoz, Rodrigo, Mythri, Starlin V., Nacef, Fethi, Nadella, Ravi K., Nery, Fabiano G., Nielsen, René E., O'Donovan, Claire, Omrani, Adel, Osher, Yamima, Sørensen, Helle Østermark, Ouali, Uta, Ruiz, Yolanda Pica, Pilhatsch, Maximilian, Pinna, Marco, da Ponte, Francisco D.R., Quiroz, Danilo, Ramesar, Raj, Rasgon, Natalie, Reddy, M.S., Reif, Andreas, Ritter, Philipp, Rybakowski, Janusz K., Sagduyu, Kemal, Raghuraman, Bharathram Sathur, Scippa, Ângela M., Severus, Emanuel, Simhandl, Christian, Stackhouse, Paul W., Jr., Stein, Dan J., Strejilevich, Sergio, Subramaniam, Mythily, Sulaiman, Ahmad Hatim, Suominen, Kirsi, Tagata, Hiromi, Tatebayashi, Yoshitaka, Tondo, Leonardo, Torrent, Carla, Vaaler, Arne E., Vares, Edgar, Veeh, Julia, Vieta, Eduard, Viswanath, Biju, Yoldi-Negrete, Maria, Zetin, Mark, Zgueb, Yosra, and Whybrow, Peter C.

Published
2019
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11. Assessing blinding in trials of psychiatric disorders: A meta-analysis based on blinding index

Author

Freed, Brian, Assall, Oliver Paul, Panagiotakis, Gary, Bang, Heejung, Park, Jongbae J, Moroz, Alex, and Baethge, Christopher

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Mental health, Double-Blind Method, Humans, Mental Disorders, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Research Design, Methodology, RCT, Double-blind trials, Blinded trials, Schizophrenia, Affective disorders, Therapy, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry, Clinical sciences, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

The assessment of blinding in RCTs is rarely performed. Currently most studies that do report data on evaluation of blinding merely report percentages of correct guessing, not taking into account correct guessing by chance. Blinding assessment using the blinding index (BI) has never been performed in a systematic review on studies of major psychiatric disorders. This study is a systematic review of psychiatric randomized control trials using the BI as a chance-corrected measurement of blinding, a tool to analyze and understand the patterns of blinding across studies of major psychiatric disorders with available data. Of 2467 psychiatric RCTs from 2000 to 2010, 66 reported on blinding and 40 studies were found to have enough information on evaluation of blinding to be analyzed using the BI. The experimental treatment groups had an average BI value of 0.14 and the control groups had an average BI value of 0.00. The most common BI scenario was random-random, indicating ideal blinding. A positive correlation between effect size and more correct guesses was also found. Overall, based on BI values and the most common blinding scenario, the published articles on major psychiatric disorders from 2000 to 2010, which reported on blinding assessment for patients, were effectively blinded.

Published
2014

22. Influence of light exposure during early life on the age of onset of bipolar disorder

Author

Bauer, Michael, Glenn, Tasha, Alda, Martin, Andreassen, Ole A., Angelopoulos, Elias, Ardau, Raffaella, Baethge, Christopher, Bauer, Rita, Baune, Bernhard T., Bellivier, Frank, Belmaker, Robert H., Berk, Michael, Bjella, Thomas D., Bossini, Letizia, Bersudsky, Yuly, Wo Cheung, Eric Yat, Conell, Jörn, Del Zompo, Maria, Dodd, Seetal, Etain, Bruno, Fagiolini, Andrea, Frye, Mark A., Fountoulakis, Kostas N., Garneau-Fournier, Jade, Gonzalez-Pinto, Ana, Gottlieb, John F., Harima, Hirohiko, Hassel, Stefanie, Henry, Chantal, Iacovides, Apostolos, Isometsä, Erkki T., Kapczinski, Flávio, Kliwicki, Sebastian, König, Barbara, Krogh, Rikke, Kunz, Mauricio, Lafer, Beny, Larsen, Erik R., Lewitzka, Ute, Lopez-Jaramillo, Carlos, MacQueen, Glenda, Manchia, Mirko, Marsh, Wendy, Martinez-Cengotitabengoa, Mónica, Melle, Ingrid, Monteith, Scott, Morken, Gunnar, Munoz, Rodrigo, Nery, Fabiano G., O'Donovan, Claire, Osher, Yamima, Pfennig, Andrea, Quiroz, Danilo, Ramesar, Raj, Rasgon, Natalie, Reif, Andreas, Ritter, Philipp, Rybakowski, Janusz K., Sagduyu, Kemal, Miranda- Scippa, Ângela, Severus, Emanuel, Simhandl, Christian, Stein, Dan J., Strejilevich, Sergio, Sulaiman, Ahmad Hatim, Suominen, Kirsi, Tagata, Hiromi, Tatebayashi, Yoshitaka, Torrent, Carla, Vieta, Eduard, Viswanath, Biju, Wanchoo, Mihir J., Zetin, Mark, and Whybrow, Peter C.

Published
2015
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27. Relationship between sunlight and the age of onset of bipolar disorder: An international multisite study

Author

Bauer, Michael, Glenn, Tasha, Alda, Martin, Andreassen, Ole A., Angelopoulos, Elias, Ardau, Raffaella, Baethge, Christopher, Bauer, Rita, Bellivier, Frank, Belmaker, Robert H., Berk, Michael, Bjella, Thomas D., Bossini, Letizia, Bersudsky, Yuly, Cheung, Eric Yat Wo, Conell, Jörn, Zompo, Maria Del, Dodd, Seetal, Etain, Bruno, Fagiolini, Andrea, Frye, Mark A., Fountoulakis, Kostas N., Garneau-Fournier, Jade, González-Pinto, Ana, Harima, Hirohiko, Hassel, Stefanie, Henry, Chantal, Iacovides, Apostolos, Isometsä, Erkki T., Kapczinski, Flávio, Kliwicki, Sebastian, König, Barbara, Krogh, Rikke, Kunz, Mauricio, Lafer, Beny, Larsen, Erik R., Lewitzka, Ute, Lopez-Jaramillo, Carlos, MacQueen, Glenda, Manchia, Mirko, Marsh, Wendy, Martinez-Cengotitabengoa, Mónica, Melle, Ingrid, Monteith, Scott, Morken, Gunnar, Munoz, Rodrigo, Nery, Fabiano G., O’Donovan, Claire, Osher, Yamima, Pfennig, Andrea, Quiroz, Danilo, Ramesar, Raj, Rasgon, Natalie, Reif, Andreas, Ritter, Philipp, Rybakowski, Janusz K., Sagduyu, Kemal, Scippa, Ângela M., Severus, Emanuel, Simhandl, Christian, Stein, Dan J., Strejilevich, Sergio, Hatim Sulaiman, Ahmad, Suominen, Kirsi, Tagata, Hiromi, Tatebayashi, Yoshitaka, Torrent, Carla, Vieta, Eduard, Viswanath, Biju, Wanchoo, Mihir J., Zetin, Mark, and Whybrow, Peter C.

Published
2014
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30. Bipolar Disorder

Author

Tondo, Leonardo, Albert, Matthew J., Koukopoulos, Alexia E., Baethge, Christopher, Baldessarini, Ross J., Tarsy, Daniel, editor, Tarazi, Frank I., editor, and Schetz, John A., editor

Published
2005
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34. Offspring's risk for suicidal behaviour in relation to parental death by suicide: systematic review and meta-analysis and a model for familial transmission of suicide

Author

Calderaro, Mara, Baethge, Christopher, Bermpohl, Felix, Gutwinski, Stefan, Schouler-Ocak, Meryam, Henssler, Jonathan, Calderaro, Mara, Baethge, Christopher, Bermpohl, Felix, Gutwinski, Stefan, Schouler-Ocak, Meryam, and Henssler, Jonathan

Abstract

Background Exposure to parental suicide has been associated with increased risk for suicide and suicide attempts, although the strength of this association is unclear as evidence remains inconsistent. Aims To quantify this risk using meta-analysis and identify potential effect modifiers. Method A systematic search in PubMed, PsycInfo and Embase databases to 2020 netted 3614 articles. Inclusion criteria were: observation of history of parental death by suicide, comparison with non-exposed populations and definition of suicide and suicide attempt according to standardised criteria. We focused on population-based studies. The primary outcome was the pooled relative risk (RR) for incidence of suicide attempt and suicide in offspring of a parent who died by suicide compared with offspring of two living parents. Additionally, we compared the RR for attempted and completed suicide after parental suicide with the RR for attempted and completed suicide after parental death by other causes. Results Twenty studies met our inclusion criteria. Offspring exposed to parental suicide were more likely to die by suicide (RR = 2.97, 95% CI 2.50-3.53) and attempt suicide (RR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.58-1.96) than offspring of two living parents. Furthermore, their risk of dying by or attempting suicide was significantly higher compared with offspring bereaved by other causes of death. Conclusions The experience of losing a parent to suicide is a strong and independent risk factor for suicidal behaviour in offspring. Our findings highlight the need for prevention strategies, outreach programmes and support interventions that target suicide-related outcomes in the exposed population.

Published
2022

35. Combining Antidepressants vs Antidepressant Monotherapy for Treatment of Patients With Acute Depression A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Author

Henssler, Jonathan, Alexander, David, Schwarzer, Guido, Bschor, Tom, Baethge, Christopher, Henssler, Jonathan, Alexander, David, Schwarzer, Guido, Bschor, Tom, and Baethge, Christopher

Abstract

IMPORTANCE Combining antidepressants is frequently done in the treatment of acute depression, but studies have yielded conflicting results. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing efficacy and tolerability of combination therapy. Combinations using presynaptic alpha 2-autoreceptor antagonists or bupropion were investigated separately. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were systematically searched from each database inception through January 2020. STUDY SELECTION Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing combinations of antidepressants with antidepressant monotherapy in adult patients with acute depression were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Following guidelines from Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) and recommendations from the Cochrane Handbook, 2 reviewers independently performed a literature search, study selection, data extraction, and evaluation of risk of bias. Data were pooled in random-effects analyses. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Primary outcome was efficacy measured as standardized mean difference (SMD); secondary outcomes were response, remission, change from baseline in rating scale scores, number of dropouts, and number of dropouts due to adverse events. RESULTS Thirty-nine RCTs including 6751 patients were eligible. Combination treatment was statistically significantly associated with superior treatment outcomes relative to monotherapy (SMD = 0.31; 95% CI, 0.19-0.44). Combining a reuptake inhibitor with an antagonist of presynaptic a2-autoreceptors was superior to other combinations (SMD = 0.37; 95% CI, 0.19-0.55). Bupropion combinations were not superior to monotherapy (SMD = 0.10; 95% CI, -0.07 to 0.27). Numbers of dropouts and dropouts due to adverse events did not differ between treatments. Studies were heterogeneous, and there was indication of publication bias (Egger test result was positive; P = .007, df =

Published
2022

37. Progression of Subjective Cognitive Decline to MCI or Dementia in Relation to Biomarkers for Alzheimer Disease A Meta-analysis

Author

Rostamzadeh, Ayda, Bohr, Lara, Wagner, Michael, Baethge, Christopher, Jessen, Frank, Rostamzadeh, Ayda, Bohr, Lara, Wagner, Michael, Baethge, Christopher, and Jessen, Frank

Abstract

Background and Objectives The risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and biomarkers indicating Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology in comparison with individuals with SCD without biomarker evidence for AD is critical to delineate the potential role of biomarker assessment in this group. We performed a meta-analysis of studies on this topic. Methods Three databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane) were searched from inception to May 7, 2021. Search strings included the terms: subjective cognitive decline, biomarker, amyloid, tau, risk, Alzheimer, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and Cochrane guidelines, 2 researchers independently performed literature search, data collection, and data extraction. We summarized odds ratios (ORs) in random-effects meta-analyses and calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPVs) and negative predictive values (NPVs), and likelihood ratios. The primary outcome was the OR of progression from SCD to MCI or dementia in cases with biomarkers indicative of AD pathology relative to the chance of progression in cases with biomarkers indicating no AD pathology. Results Of 4,147 studies screened, 8 studies were selected. The risk of bias analysis revealed a low risk of bias in all studies. The prevalence of abnormal biomarkers ranged between 15.6% and 35.9% for amyloid, 11.1% and 33.6% for phosphorylated tau (p-tau), 12.3% and 46.3% for total tau (t-tau), and 7.8% and 24.4% for full AD pathology (amyloid pathology with either increased p-tau or t-tau). The chance of clinical progression was increased in cases of amyloid pathology only (OR 5.89, 95% CI 2.33-14.90), elevated p-tau (OR 3.99, 95% CI 2.34-6.85), elevated t-tau (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.14-4.48), and full AD pathology (OR 11.36, 95% CI 1.97-65.41). The latter showed a PPV of 59.7% (95% CI 48.8%-69.3%) and an NPV of 89.4%

Published
2022

38. Are Executive Dysfunctions Relevant for the Autism-Specific Cognitive Profile?

Author

Hemmers, Julia, Baethge, Christopher, Vogeley, Kai, Falter-Wagner, Christine M., Hemmers, Julia, Baethge, Christopher, Vogeley, Kai, and Falter-Wagner, Christine M.

Abstract

Executive functions (EF) have been shown to be important for the understanding of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but dysfunctions of EF are not autism-specific. The specific role of EF in ASD, its relationship to core autism characteristics, such as mentalizing, needs to be explored. Medline- and PsychINFO databases were searched for studies published between 1990 and 2020 that included measures of EF in ASD and typically developing control persons (TD) in combination with either Theory of Mind (ToM) or Weak Central Coherence (WCC) tasks. A pre-registered meta-analysis and cross-study regression was performed including a total of 42 studies (ASD n = 1,546, TD n = 1,206). Results were reported according to PRISMA guidelines. In all cognitive domains, the ASD group showed significantly reduced performance. Importantly, EF subdomains and ToM were not significantly correlated. This finding rules out a significant association between EF subdomains and ToM and questions the relevance of EF dysfunctions for the autism-specific feature of reduced mentalizing.

Published
2022

39. Dose effects of tricyclic antidepressants in the treatment of acute depression - A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials

Author

Baethge, Christopher, Braun, Cora, Rink, Lena, Schwarzer, Guido, Henssler, Jonathan, Bschor, Tom, Baethge, Christopher, Braun, Cora, Rink, Lena, Schwarzer, Guido, Henssler, Jonathan, and Bschor, Tom

Abstract

Background: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) continue to be an important group of drugs, but it is unclear whether a dose-response relationship is supported by high-level evidence. Methods: Systematic review in the Cochrane Collaboration's Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) of studies randomizing patients to at least two doses of one TCA, complemented by searches in Medline, Embase, and PsycInfo. In multilevel regression, we calculated the standardized mean difference (SMD) in antidepressant efficacy per mg TCA dose increase, and we analyzed drop-outs due to adverse events. Finally, we computed random effects meta-analyses of all dose comparisons investigated in a minimum of two studies. Results: Out of 5365 studies screened, we included 15 randomized trials on 24 comparisons of 14 different dose contrasts. We found a statistically non-significant positive effect of increasing the dose: 0.34 SMD with 100 mg/d dose increase ([-0.03; 0.70] p = 0.073). While several comparisons showed no clear signal of a dose gradient, 300 mg of imipramine/desipramine is statistically significantly superior to 150 mg (SMD: 0.80 [0.28; 1.33], p = 0.003, I-2: 0%). Drop-outs increased with higher doses, albeit not statistically significantly: Odds ratio (OR) of 1.44 with 100 mg dose increase [0.54; 3.86]. Overall, risk of bias was high. Limitations: Limited number of studies with mainly high risk of bias. Conclusions: So far, data on a dose-response relationship in TCAs from direct dose comparisons are inconclusive. Clinically, escalation to high doses may be justified if side effects are bearable.

Published
2022

40. A disclosure form for work submitted to medical journals:a proposal from the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors

Author

Taichman, Darren B., Backus, Joyce, Baethge, Christopher, Bauchner, Howard, Flanagin, Annette, Florenzano, Fernando, Frizelle, Frank A., Godlee, Fiona, Gollogly, Laragh, Haileamlak, Abraham, Hong, Sung Tae, Horton, Richard, James, Astrid, Laine, Christine, Miller, Pamela W., Pinborg, Anja, Rubin, Eric J., Sahni, Peush, Taichman, Darren B., Backus, Joyce, Baethge, Christopher, Bauchner, Howard, Flanagin, Annette, Florenzano, Fernando, Frizelle, Frank A., Godlee, Fiona, Gollogly, Laragh, Haileamlak, Abraham, Hong, Sung Tae, Horton, Richard, James, Astrid, Laine, Christine, Miller, Pamela W., Pinborg, Anja, Rubin, Eric J., and Sahni, Peush

Published
2022

44. A disclosure form for work submitted to medical journals: a proposal from the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors

Author

Taichman, Darren B, primary, Backus, Joyce, additional, Baethge, Christopher, additional, Bauchner, Howard, additional, Flanagin, Annette, additional, Florenzano, Fernando, additional, Frizelle, Frank A, additional, Godlee, Fiona, additional, Gollogly, Laragh, additional, Haileamlak, Abraham, additional, Hong, Sung-Tae, additional, Horton, Richard, additional, James, Astrid, additional, Laine, Christine, additional, Miller, Pamela W, additional, Pinborg, Anja, additional, Rubin, Eric J, additional, and Sahni, Peush, additional

Published
2022
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47. A disclosure form for work submitted to medical journals--a proposal from the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors

Author

Taichman, Darren B., Backus, Joyce, Baethge, Christopher, Bauchner, Howard, Flanagin, Annette, Florenzano, Fernando, Frizelle, Frank A., Godlee, Fiona, Gollogly, Laragh, Haileamlak, Abraham, Hong, Sung-Tae, Horton, Richard, James, Astrid, Laine, Christine, Miller, Pamela W., Pinborg, Anja, Rubin, Eric J., and Sahni, Peush

Subjects
Periodical editors -- Ethical aspects, Medical journals -- Ethical aspects, Health
Abstract

Many factors, including professional and personal relationships and activities, can influence the design, conduct, and reporting of the clinical science that informs health care decision. The potential for conflict of [...]

Published
2020
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