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9. Developing the capacity of pharmacists in Jordan : progress, challenges and opportunities

Author

Bader, Lina R.

Subjects
615.1, RS Pharmacy and materia medica
Abstract

Pharmacists in Jordan are greatly positioned to play a key role in shaping the future direction of the country’s healthcare system, particularly in terms of improving patient and health outcomes. However, the available literature reports a number of problems affecting the Jordanian pharmacy sector across the professional practice, education and regulation spheres; issues which have been hindering the adequate provision of pharmaceutical care services, as well as the overall development of the profession. This study aims to examine the current status of the pharmacy profession in Jordan, notably in terms of the challenges and opportunities it faces, with a particular focus on the educational sector. To that end, a mixed methods approach was employed in which a series of studies were conducted. In the first study, semi-structured interviews and focus group sessions were carried out to identify and explore the main challenges facing the profession. Interview transcripts were thematically analysed, with eight principal ‘challenge areas’ being identified. These results were validated by focus group findings, and tailored recommendations were produced to address each challenge. In the second study, data from the Official National Register of pharmacists were obtained, collated and analysed, so as to establish workforce trends. Geographical, sectoral and gender distribution imbalances were identified; gaps in the current workforce intelligence were also highlighted and discussed. The third study employed a set of surveys to collect academic and institutional capacity information from pharmacy schools in Jordan. Surveys were completed using data triangulated from multiple sources (including official documents, schools websites and dean interviews). In the final study, a secondary qualitative content analysis of the interview transcripts was undertaken to identify gaps in pharmacy graduates’ skills and competencies. The Global Competency Framework for pharmacy was used as the starter coding framework. Sixty eight (68) behaviours from across the Framework’s four competency domains were identified by participants as lacking in graduates. As such, this thesis represents the first holistic investigation of the status of the pharmacy profession, workforce and education in Jordan, including the opportunities and challenges faced by the sector. This work’s original contribution to knowledge lies not only in the new baseline information produced, but also in the evidence-based guidance and recommendations presented to local stakeholders and researchers.

Published
2017

18. Connecting the dots in pharmacy education: The FIP International Pharmaceutical Federation Global Competency Framework for Educators and Trainers in Pharmacy (FIP-GCFE)

Author

Meštrović, Arijana, primary, Al-Haqan, Asmaa, additional, El-Akel, Marwan, additional, Arakawa, Naoko, additional, Abdulrzaq S. Mukhalati, Banan, additional, Bader, Lina, additional, Bates, Ian, additional, Bruno-Tomé, Andreia, additional, Alves da Costa, Filipa, additional, Eksteen, Mariet, additional, Gallagher, Paul John, additional, Hall, Kat, additional, Henman, Martin C., additional, John, Dai, additional, Mager, Donald E., additional, Pieper, John A., additional, Rouse, Michael, additional, Kaur Sandhu, Anisha, additional, Schneider, Carl R., additional, Tofade, Toyin, additional, and Duggan, Catherine, additional

Published
2022
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25. Prevalence and Potential Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Resistance in Qatar

Author

Khaled, Salma, primary, Petcu, Catalina, additional, Bader, Lina, additional, Amro, Iman, additional, Al-Hamadi, Aisha, additional, Al-Assi, Marwa, additional, Ali, Amal Aawadalla Mohamed, additional, Trung, Kien Le, additional, Diop, Abdoulaye, additional, Bellaj, Tarek, additional, Al-Thani, Mohamed, additional, Woodruff, Peter, additional, Alabdulla, Majid, additional, and Haddad, Peter, additional

Published
2021
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26. Conducting a state-of-the-art mental health survey in a traditional setting: Challenges and lessons from piloting the World Mental Health Survey in Qatar

Author

Khaled, Salma M., Petcu, Catalina, Bader, Lina, Amro, Iman, Al-Assi, Marwa, Le Trung, Kien, Mneimneh, Zeina N., Sampson, Nancy A., Kessler, Ronald C., and Woodruff, Peter W.

Subjects
psychiatric Epidemiology, WHO CIDI-5, Arab, Qatar, mental health survey
Abstract

Objectives: A small country in the Arabian Peninsula, Qatar experienced rapid economic growth in the last 3 decades accompanied by major socio-demographic shifts towards a younger and more highly educated population. To date, no national epidemiological study has examined the prevalence, associated factors, or sequelae of mental disorders in Qatar's general population. Methods: The World Mental Health Qatar (WMHQ) is a national mental health needs assessment survey and is the first carried out in collaboration with the World Mental Health Survey initiative to assess the prevalence and burden of psychiatric illnesses among the full Arabic speaking population (nationals and non-nationals) within the same country. Results: Standard translation and harmonization procedures were used to develop the WMHQ instrument. A survey quality control system with standard performance indicators was developed to ensure interviewer adherence to standard practices. A pilot study was then carried out just prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Endorsement from public health authorities and sequential revision of the interview schedule led to full survey completion (as opposed to partial completion) and good overall response rate. Conclusions: The WMHQ survey will provide timely and actionable information based on quality enhancement procedures put in place during the development and piloting of the study.

Published
2021

27. Predictors of Parental Involvement in Their Child’s Education in Qatar.

Author

Sellami, Abdel Latif, Romanowski, Michael H., Abu-Shawish, Reem Khalid, Bader, Lina, and Al-Qassass, Haneen Basheer

Subjects
PARENT participation in education, PARENT attitudes, PARENTING, ELEMENTARY education, PARENTS
Abstract

Research indicates that parental involvement provides numerous benefits that increase students’ academic performance. Therefore, it is important to understand why some parents are involved in their children's education and the possible barriers that prevent other parents from engaging with schools. This study examines parents’ perspectives regarding their involvement in public schools in the State of Qatar. Four hundred and seventy-four Qatari parents completed a self-reported survey questionnaire, reporting their views and opinions regarding their participation in their child’s education at school and home and the aspects of schooling in which they are involved. Results from factor analysis identified two main predictors of parental involvement in this current study: time spent on homework and communication with the school. Results also indicated that the perceived quality of education was also associated with parental involvement. The article concludes with recommendations for future study and research for policy and decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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30. Conducting a state‐of‐the‐art mental health survey in a traditional setting: Challenges and lessons from piloting the World Mental Health Survey in Qatar

Author

Khaled, Salma M., primary, Petcu, Catalina, additional, Bader, Lina, additional, Amro, Iman, additional, Al‐Assi, Marwa, additional, Le Trung, Kien, additional, Mneimneh, Zeina N., additional, Sampson, Nancy A., additional, Kessler, Ronald C., additional, and Woodruff, Peter W., additional

Published
2021
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31. Prevalence and Potential Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Resistance in Qatar: Results from a Nationally Representative Survey of Qatari Nationals and Migrants between December 2020 and January 2021

Author

Khaled, Salma M., primary, Petcu, Catalina, additional, Bader, Lina, additional, Amro, Iman, additional, Al-Hamadi, Aisha Mohammed H. A., additional, Al Assi, Marwa, additional, Ali, Amal Awadalla Mohamed, additional, Le Trung, Kien, additional, Diop, Abdoulaye, additional, Bellaj, Tarek, additional, Al-Thani, Mohamed H., additional, Woodruff, Peter W., additional, Alabdulla, Majid, additional, and Haddad, Peter M., additional

Published
2021
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35. Prevalence and Potential Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Resistance in Qatar: Results from a Nationally Representative Survey of Qatari Nationals and Migrants between December 2020 and January 2021

Author

Khaled, Salma Mawfek, primary, Petcu, Catalina, additional, Bader, Lina, additional, Amro, Iman, additional, Al-Hamadi, Aisha Mohammed, additional, Al Assi, Marwa, additional, Ali, Amal Awadalla Mohamed, additional, Le, Kien T., additional, Diop, Abdoulaye, additional, Bellaj, Tarek, additional, Al Thani, Mohammed Hamad, additional, Woodruff, Peter W., additional, Alabdulla, Majid, additional, and Haddad, Peter, additional

Published
2021
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37. Qatar - Longitudinal Assessment of Mental Health in Pandemics (Q-LAMP)

Author

Khaled, Salma, primary, Haddad, Peter, additional, Al-Abdulla, Majid, additional, Bellaj, Tarek, additional, Marzouk, Yousri, additional, Hasan, Youssef, additional, Al-Kaabi, Ibrahim, additional, Petcu, Catalina, additional, Bader, Lina, additional, Amro, Iman, additional, Al-Assi, Marwa, additional, Kadkhodaei, Elham, additional, Al-Hamadi, Aisha, additional, Al-Thani, Mohammed, additional, and Woodruff, Peter, additional

Published
2020
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44. Structured Multi-Stakeholder Workshops to Advance a Global Transformative Roadmap for Pharmaceutical Workforce

Author

Bruno, Andreia, primary, Anderson, Claire, additional, Bader, Lina, additional, Bates, Ian, additional, Boone, Jill, additional, Brock, Tina, additional, Carrasqueira, Joana, additional, Galbraith, Kirsten, additional, James, Susan, additional, Larson, Ian, additional, Paulino, Ema, additional, Rouse, Michael, additional, Tofade, Toyin, additional, and Yi, Whitley, additional

Published
2018
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48. A conceptual framework and research approach to identifying and analyzing challenges to the advancement of the pharmacy profession: a case study

Author

Bader, Lina R., McGrath, Simon, Rouse, Michael J., and Anderson, Claire

Abstract

Background: Pharmacists and healthcare professionals are faced with increasing and changing health care needs around the world. In order to meet these demands, they are required to continuously upgrade and develop their professions. Reprofessionalization drives are therefore crucial to the successful delivery of health services, but traditional theories of the professions provide little practical guidance to evaluating the overall status of a profession. Objective: This study proposes a new conceptual framework of three interrelated professional sectors: education, regulation and practice, and uses it to identify and analyse challenges facing the pharmacy profession in Jordan. Methods: A multiple-method qualitative study comprised of semi-structured interviews and focus groups was conducted in Amman, Jordan. To explore and identify the challenges, apurposively recruited cross-sector sample of fifty-three key informants, stakeholders and pharmacists were interviewed. Interview transcripts were translated and then analysed using QSR NVivo 10. Thematic analysis identified eight main challenges facing pharmacy in Jordan. The original participants were then invited to participate in focus groups, the purpose of which was to validate the interview findings, map them against the conceptual framework and discuss recommendations for development. Results:The eight validated challenges span the following areas: graduates preparedness for practice, pharmacy education accreditation and quality assurance, pre-registration requirements, workforce development, workforce planning, remuneration and wage rate, pharmacy assistants, and PharmD pharmacists. Focus group participants used the framework to map each of the challenges to the primary sector-to-sector disconnect that they perceived to explain it. A list of recommendations addressing each of the challenges was also devised. Conclusions: The framework was found to offer valuable insight as an explanatory and diagnostic tool in policy-relevant research. By emphasizing the processual and contextual nature of reprofessionalization, the framework presents an alternative approach to traditional theories. This study also raises important questions regarding the status of pharmacy in Jordan and aims to provide guidance for local development and much-needed reprofessionalization drives.

Published
2016

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