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Back ground: the classic surgical technique performed with an adenoid curette or an adenotome has recently developed by the introduction of the endoscopic sinus surgery Objectives: to compare the safety and efficacy of coblation adenoidectomy versus conventional curettage adenoidectomy. Patients and methods: This study was conducted on 50 patients who came to outpatient clinics in the Otolaryngology department, of age group between 4-14 years with adenoids hypertrophy from February 2019 to February 2020. Results: results revealed that the mean time of operation, it was11.1 ± 1.5 min in group A, but was 14.2 ± 1.8 min in group B, with statistical significance relationship P=000. Regarding the mean of Intra operative blood loss, it was32.4±3.2 ml in group A, but was 2.5±1.2 ml in group B, with statistical significance relationship P=000. Conclusion: The advent of endoscopes made a significant impact in adenoidectomy. Endoscopic assisted adenoidectomy is a natural progression of this technology to allow a more complete adenoidectomy. From this we concluded that the overall advantages of coblation adenoidectomy, compared with cold curettage, are the decrease in intra and post-operative bleeding, better safety, precision of adenoid removal and less injury to adjacent tissues.

Objectives Cholesteatoma is a nonneoplastic destructive lesion of the temporal bone with debated pathogenesis and bone resorptive mechanism. Both molecular and cellular events chiefly master its activity. Continued research is necessary to clarify factors related to its aggressiveness. We aimed to investigate the expression of Ki-67, cytokeratin 13 (CK13) and cytokeratin 17 (CK17) in acquired nonrecurrent human cholesteatoma and correlate them with its bone destructive capacity. Methods A prospective quantitative immunohistochemical study was carried out using fresh acquired cholesteatoma tissues (n=19), collected during cholesteatoma surgery. Deep meatal skin tissues from the same patients were used as control (n=8). Cholesteatoma patients were divided into 2 groups and compared (invasive and noninvasive) according to a grading score for bone resorption based upon clinical, radiologic and intraoperative findings. To our knowledge, the role of CK17 in cholesteatoma aggressiveness was first investigated in this paper. Results Both Ki-67 and CK17 were significantly overexpressed in cholesteatoma than control tissues (P

Cholesteatoma is a cystic non tumorous lesion of the temporal bone that has the ability to destroy nearby structures by its power to cause bone resorption and as a result, fatal complications prevail. We aimed to conduct a comprehensive review for pathogenesis of acquired cholesteatoma, bone resorption mechanisms, and offer a future vision of this serious disease. We have reviewed different theories for pathogenesis of acquired cholesteatoma including the most relevant and updated ones with special emphasis on the mechanisms of bone resorption through Medline/PubMed research using the keywords ‘aetiopathogenesis, bone resorption, acquired cholesteatoma, temporal bone, and cytokines.’ In order to strengthen our study, we searched the reference lists of identified reviews. Cholesteatoma is a subject of debate among otolaryngologists since it was prescribed firstly. Over many decades, several theories were postulated for aetiopathogenesis of cholesteatoma with a tendency to follow more than one theory to explain the proper nature of that disease. Until now, the mechanism of bone resorption has yet to be more clarified. In the last century, a leap has occurred in the field of biomolecular cholesteatoma research which improved our knowledge about its pathophysiology and bone destructive mechanism. However, surgery is still the only available treatment. We conclude that discovery of new therapeutic choices for cholesteatoma other than surgery by the use of anti-growth, anti-proliferative, apoptotic agents as well as medications that antagonize osteoclastogenesis should be the main concern in the future clinical and experimental research work. Also, searching for predictors of the aggressiveness of cholesteatoma can affect the timing of intervention and prevent occurrence of complications.

BACKGROUND: Evidence about the impact of marital status before hematopoietic cell transplantation (hct) on outcomes after hct is conflicting. METHODS: We identified patients 40 years of age and older within the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research registry who underwent hct between January 2008 and December 2015. Marital status before hct was declared as one of: married or living with a partner, single (never married), separated or divorced, and widowed. We performed a multivariable analysis to determine the association of marital status with outcomes after hct. RESULTS: We identified 10,226 allogeneic and 5714 autologous hct cases with, respectively, a median follow-up of 37 months (range: 1-102 months) and 40 months (range: 1-106 months). No association between marital status and overall survival was observed in either the allogeneic (p = 0.58) or autologous (p = 0.17) setting. However, marital status was associated with grades 2-4 acute graft-versus-host disease (gvhd), p < 0.001, and chronic gvhd, p = 0.04. The risk of grades 2-4 acute gvhd was increased in separated compared with married patients [hazard ratio (hr): 1.13; 95% confidence interval (ci): 1.03 to 1.24], and single patients had a reduced risk of grades 2-4 acute gvhd (hr: 0.87; 95% ci: 0.77 to 0.98). The risk of chronic gvhd was lower in widowed compared with married patients (hr: 0.82; 95% ci: 0.67 to 0.99). CONCLUSIONS: Overall survival after hct is not influenced by marital status, but associations were evident between marital status and grades 2-4 acute and chronic gvhd. To better appreciate the effects of marital status and social support, future research should consider using validated scales to measure social support and patient and caregiver reports of caregiver commitment, and to assess health-related quality of life together with health care utilization.

Identification of road crash Hotspots related to adverse weather is critical in implementing effective measures for reducing road crashes. A reliable hotspot identification method and firm criteria for evaluation are essential for accurately predicting crash risk Hotspots related to adverse weather. These steps will significantly enhance the accuracy of hotspot predictions and improve road safety efforts. This study investigates significant road safety issues related to adverse weather conditions in Jordan by testing hotspot identification methods (HSIDs) for crashes occurring under these conditions. The study applies and compares several hotspot ranking techniques including the Crash rate method (CR), the Crash frequency method (CF), the potential for improvement using predicted crashes (PI), and the Empirical Bayes method (EB), using a detailed dataset of weather-related crashes. The HSID methods are systematically tested using several statistical tests and assessed to determine the reliable approach/es for detecting hazardous sites during adverse weather conditions. The analysis encompasses urban and rural road segments, involving their operational and road characteristics and various crash characteristics. By integrating modern statistical tools, the study provides a detailed assessment of crash-identified Hotspots under adverse weather conditions and highlights major findings. The findings provide significant insights for decision-makers, emphasizing the importance of targeted initiatives and better road safety measures in identifying hotspots. Based on the findings, the study proposes some techniques for improving road safety related to poor weather Given the study's limitations, further and more comprehensive research is recommended to address these limitations and reach more conclusive results. This offers a strong foundation for decision-makers and traffic safety authorities to put into practice strategies to lower crash rates and enhance safety during inclement weather. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to evaluate the possibility of using recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) as an alternative to coarse natural aggregates (NAs) in warm-mix asphalt (WMA). The index engineering characteristics of the RCA used for the asphalt mixtures were determined. The physical and rheological characteristics of virgin and modified asphalt binders were specified using conventional and performance grade (PG) tests. The WMA was manufactured by two approaches. The first approach involved modifying the asphalt binder properties by incorporating Sasobit as an organic additive into the heated asphalt binder (wet process). The second approach incorporated Asphamin as a synthetic zeolite foaming additive into the aggregate during the mixing process (dry process). Nanosilica fume (NSF) was used as an economical alternative to nanomaterials to improve the investigated WMA's performance compared with a control hot-mix asphalt (HMA) containing 100% coarse RCA/100% fine NA. The performance of the asphalt mixtures in terms of Marshall, indirect tensile strength (ITS), dynamic modulus (E*), and flow number (FN) was also estimated. The Marshall test results of WMA mixtures with the two types of additives were relatively identical with the control HMA mixture with a slight difference in the optimum asphalt content (OAC). However, the NSF incorporation as a replacement to the mineral filler within the WMA mixtures led to an increase in stability values by up to 35%, especially at 40% NSF with low OAC. The tensile strength ratio (TSR) values for WMA mixes were lower than 80%, but the use of NSF showed a slight enhancement in their values to meet the minimum requirement set by Egyptian specifications. Also, the results revealed a decrease in E* and FN values for the WMA mixtures compared with those for the HMA control, whereas the addition of NSF enhanced the results significantly to outperform the HMA. Practical Applications: This research highlights the use of recycled concrete aggregate as a replacement for coarse natural aggregates for manufacturing warm-mix asphalt with two different technologies and compares their performance with hot-mix asphalt. In addition, the effect of using by-product materials such as nanosilica fume as an economical alternative to nanomaterials for raising the efficiency of warm-mix asphalt mixtures was sought. The results provide a better understanding of the performance of warm-mix asphalt mixtures, which contribute effectively to achieving environmental sustainability in the pavement industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Menoufia Journal of Plant Production is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Alexandria Science Exchange Journal is the property of Alexandria Science Exchange Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study investigates the effect of accounting for captive riders (i.e. those who do not have a private vehicle available or cannot drive for any reason), in modeling mode choice (MC) behavior for individuals' trips in Mansoura city, Egypt. To achieve this objective, MC models are calibrated and validated using data collected from Mansoura. The calibration process is carried out in two stages. In the first stage, MC models are built on the choice riders (i.e. those who have access to a private car) data with the choice set fixed for all travelers. In the second stage, MC models are built whereas the private car mode is excluded from the choice set of captive riders. Besides, the travel time comparability ratio is used to compute the travel attributes (i.e. travel time and travel cost) for non-chosen modes instead of computing them from the average trip speed. The developed MC models, for both captive and choice riders, are compared based on their log-likelihood values and their prediction accuracy. The results show that the MC models that consider captivity perform better in predicting the mode choice of travelers with prediction accuracy of about 90%, for different sample sizes. Furthermore, estimating the attributes of the non-chosen alternatives using the travel time comparability ratio is more effective than estimating them from modes' average speeds. Moreover, the value of time (VOT) is estimated for different mode users, and it is found to be 15.55, 8.32, and 6.24 Egyptian Pounds for private car, taxi, and microbus users, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The safety and effectiveness of nutricetics suggest that they may offer an alternative to pharmaceutical and surgical therapy for hormone-dependent disorders, such as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). We investigated the effects of Linum usitatissimum seed oil (LSO) on ovarian functionality, its molecular targets, and the oxidative response in hyperandrogenism-induced polycystic ovary. The composition of LSO has been analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS). A well-established PCOS rat model orally administered with letrozole daily for 21 days was used to investigate the effect of LSO at doses of 1 and 2 mL/kg body weight for 28 days. The effect on hormonal profile and antioxidant status, histopathology (cell proliferation), and the expression ratio of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and Cyp11A1 gene were evaluated. LSO exerted beneficial effects on PCOS rat models via restoring glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), beta subunit subunit luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone levels, and histopathological scoring. Furthermore, LSO reversed the elevated StAR and Cyp11A1 genes in the PCOS rat model. This study demonstrated the molecular and cellular mechanisms of the beneficial effect of LSO against the reproductive and metabolic disorders of PCOS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Christina M Barriteau,1,2 Sherif M Badawy1,2 1Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; 2Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USACorrespondence: Sherif M Badawy, 225 East Chicago Ave, Box 30, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA, Tel +312-227-4836, Email sbadawy@luriechildrens.orgAbstract: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common inherited blood disorders. Deoxygenated hemoglobin S (HbS) polymerizes and causes anemia and various end organ effects. Voxelotor acts by increasing HbS oxygen affinity, decreasing anemia and hemolysis. Voxelotor is approved for use in individuals with SCD age 4 years and older. Phase 3 trials demonstrated an increase in hemoglobin levels and a decrease in markers of hemolysis; however, data or benefits related to clinical and quality of life outcomes are relatively limited and varied across different studies. This review summarizes the published clinical trials and research studies focused on the use of voxelotor in SCD to provide an evidence-based practical guide for hematology providers on its utilization in clinical settings, including physicians and independent licensed practitioners.Keywords: sickle cell, sickle cell anemia, sickle cell disease, hemoglobinopathy, pediatric, children, adolescents, young adults, adult, voxelotor, oxbryta, disease-modifying therapy