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Objectives: The effects of masupirdine on the neuropsychiatric symptoms were explored., Methods: Masupirdine (SUVN-502) was evaluated for its effects on cognition in patients with moderate AD. The prespecified primary outcome showed no drug-placebo difference. Post hoc analyses of domains of the 12-item neuropsychiatric inventory scale were carried out., Results: In a subgroup of patients (placebo, n = 57; masupirdine 50 mg, n = 53; masupirdine 100 mg, n = 48) with baseline agitation/aggression symptoms ≥1, a statistically significant reduction in agitation/aggression scores was observed in masupirdine 50 mg (95% confidence interval (CI), -1.9 to -0.5, p < 0.001) and masupirdine 100 mg (95% CI, -1.7 to -0.3, p = 0.007) treated arms at Week 13 in comparison to placebo and the effect was sustained for trial duration of 26 weeks in the masupirdine 50 mg treatment arm (95% CI, -2.3 to -0.8, p < 0.001). Similar observations were noted in the subgroup of patients (placebo, n = 29; masupirdine 50 mg, n = 30; masupirdine 100 mg, n = 21) with baseline agitation/aggression symptoms ≥3. In the subgroup of patients (placebo, n = 28; masupirdine 50 mg, n = 28; masupirdine 100 mg, n = 28) who had baseline psychosis symptoms and/or symptom emergence, a significant reduction in psychosis scores was observed in the masupirdine 50 mg (Week 4: 95% CI, -2.8 to -1.4, p < 0.001; Week 13: 95% CI, -3.3 to -1.3, p < 0.001) and masupirdine 100 mg (Week 4: 95% CI, -1.4 to 0, p = 0.046; Week 13: 95% CI, -1.9 to 0.1, p = 0.073) treatment arms in comparison to placebo., Conclusion: Further research is warranted to explore the potential beneficial effects of masupirdine on NPS., (© 2022 The Authors. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

A series of chemical optimizations, which was guided by in vitro affinity at histamine H 3 receptor (H 3 R), modulation of lipophilicity, ADME properties and preclinical efficacy resulted in the identification of 1-[2-(1-cyclobutylpiperidin-4-yloxy)-6,7-dihydro-4H-thiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-5-yl]propan-1-one (45 e) as a potent and selective (K i =4.0 nM) H 3 R inverse agonist. Dipsogenia induced by (R)-α-methylhistamine was dose dependently antagonized by 45 e, confirming its functional antagonism at H 3 R. It is devoid of hERG and phospholipidosis issues. Compound 45 e has adequate oral exposures and favorable half-life in both rats and dogs. It has demonstrated high receptor occupancy (ED 80 =0.22 mg/kg) and robust efficacy in object recognition task and, dose dependently increased acetylcholine levels in brain. The sub-therapeutic doses of 45 e in combination with donepezil significantly increased acetylcholine levels. The potent affinity, selectivity, in vivo efficacy and drug like properties together with safety, warrant for further development of this molecule for potential treatment of cognitive disorders associated with Alzheimer's disease., (© 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Background: Central histamine H3 receptors are a family of presynaptic auto and heteroreceptors. Blockade of the presynaptic H3 receptors activates the downstream pathway(s) involved in the processes of learning and memory, making it a potential therapeutic option for ameliorating cognitive dysfunction. Samelisant (SUVN-G3031) is a potent and selective inverse agonist at the H3 receptors., Aim: The aim of this research is to study the effects of Samelisant in diverse animal models of cognitive functions., Methods: The effects of Samelisant on cognitive functions were studied using social recognition, object recognition and Morris water maze tasks. Neurochemical and electrophysiological effects of Samelisant were monitored using microdialysis and electroencephalography techniques., Results: Samelisant showed procognitive effects in diverse animal models of cognition at doses ranging from 0.3 to 3 mg/kg, per os ( p.o .) (social recognition and object recognition task). Samelisant significantly increased the brain acetylcholine levels in the cortex at doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg, p.o . In the Morris water maze task, combined administration of suboptimal doses of Samelisant and donepezil resulted in procognitive effects significantly larger than the either treatment. Similarly, Samelisant significantly potentiated the effects of donepezil on pharmacodynamic biomarkers of cognition i.e. acetylcholine levels in brain and neuronal theta oscillations., Conclusion: Samelisant may have potential utility in the treatment of cognitive deficits associated with hypocholinergic state.

A series of chemical optimizations guided by in vitro affinity at a histamine H 3 receptor (H 3 R), physicochemical properties, and pharmacokinetics in rats resulted in identification of N-[4-(1-cyclobutyl-piperidin-4-yloxy)phenyl]-2-(morpholin-4-yl)acetamide dihydrochloride (17v, SUVN-G3031) as a clinical candidate. Compound 17v is a potent (hH 3 R K i = 8.73 nM) inverse agonist at H 3 R with selectivity over other 70 targets, Compound 17v has adequate oral exposures and favorable elimination half-lives both in rats and dogs. It demonstrated high receptor occupancy and marked wake-promoting effects with decreased rapid-eye-movement sleep in orexin-B saporin lesioned rats supporting its potential therapeutic utility in treating human sleep disorders. It had no effect on the locomotor activity at doses several fold higher than its efficacious dose. It is devoid of hERG and phospholipidosis issues. Phase-1 evaluation for safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics, and long-term safety studies in animals have been successfully completed without any concern for further development.

Optimization of a novel series of 3-(piperazinylmethyl) indole derivatives as 5-hydroxytryptamine-6 receptor (5-HT 6 R) antagonists resulted in identification of 1-[(2-bromophenyl)sulfonyl]-5-methoxy-3-[(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl]-1H-indole dimesylate monohydrate (5al, SUVN-502) as a clinical candidate for potential treatment of cognitive disorders. It has high affinity at human 5-HT 6 R (K i = 2.04 nM) and selectivity over 100 target sites which include receptors, enzymes, peptides, growth factors, ion channels, steroids, immunological factors, second messengers, and prostaglandins. It has high selectivity over 5-HT 2A receptor. It is orally bioavailable and brain penetrant with robust preclinical efficacy. The combination of 5al, donepezil, and memantine (triple combination) produces synergistic effects in extracellular levels of acetylcholine in the ventral hippocampus. Preclinical efficacy in triple combination and high selectivity over 5-HT 2A receptors are the differentiating features which culminated in selection of 5al for further development. The Phase-1 evaluation of safety and pharmacokinetics has been completed, allowing for the initiation of a Phase-2 proof of concept study.

A series of 4-(1-substituted piperidin-4-yloxy) benzamides and 6-(1-substituted piperidin-4-yloxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-isoquinolin-1-one derivatives have been synthesized and tested for their binding affinity towards H3 receptor. Most of these synthesized compounds have displayed potent binding affinity for H3 receptor when tested in in vitro binding assay. Preliminary SAR studies, functional activity, pharmacokinetic profile and efficacy profile constitute the subject matter of this communication., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

N(1)-Arylsulfonyl-3-piperazinyl indole derivatives were designed and identified as a novel class of 5-HT(6) receptors ligands. All the compounds have high affinity and antagonist activity towards 5-HT(6) receptor. The compound 7a (K(i) = 3.4 nM, functional assay IC(50) = 310 nM) shows enhanced cognitive effect when tested in NORT and Morris water maze models. Synthesis, SAR and PK profile of these novel compounds constitute the subject matter of this Letter., (Copyright © 2010. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)