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Background Salep is obtained by grinding dried orchid tubers and used as a valuable ingredient in the food industry. Because of the glucomannan content of salep, it is thought to have prebiotic potential. However, there is little information in studies concerning the fermentation characteristics and potential prebiotic properties of salep. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of salep on bifidobacterial growth by measuring the highest optical density (OD), calculating the specific growth rates, and determining the production of lactic acid and short-chain fatty acids (acetic, propionic, and butyric acid) as a result of bacterial fermentation. Result The OD and pH values obtained in this study showed that salep was utilized as a source of assimilable carbon and energy by the Bifidobacterium species (BS). All Bifidobacterium strains produced lactic, acetic, propionic, and butyric acid, indicating that salep is readily fermented by these bacteria. Salep at 1% (w/v) showed a similar effect on bifidobacterial growth as that promoted by 1% (w/v) glucose used as a traditional carbon source. Conclusions Bifidobacterium species can develop in media containing salep as well as in glucose and exhibit the potential to be used as new sources of prebiotics. How to cite: Usta-Gorgun B, Yilmaz-Ersan L. Short-chain fatty acid production by the Bifidobacterium species in the presence of salep. Electron J Biotechnol 2020;47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2020.06.004 .

WOS: 000508234000005, In this study, novel and conventional techniques for the production of bioethanol from fruit and vegetable wastes (FVWs) by yeast and bacterial fermentation were investigated experimentally. Different pretreatment techniques (acid, heat, acid/heat, and microwave) for yeast fermentation were compared. Maximum ethanol concentrations of 11.7 and 11.8 g L-1 were observed from acid/heat and microwave pretreatment, respectively, by using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. on the other hand, biochar production from FVWs and syngas fermentation from the waste gas of this process were integrated. From waste gas with 12 % CO content, 5.5 g L-1 and 2.5 g L-1 ethanol production was observed by using anaerobic mixed culture and Clostridium ljungdahlii, respectively. the overall results emphasize the potential of bioethanol production from FVWs by economically feasible and environmentally friendly methods., TUBITAK-CAYDAGTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [118Y305], This work was supported by TUBITAK-CAYDAG [118Y305] Dr. Tugba Keskin-Gundogdu especially thanks Dr. Gozde Duman for providing pyrolysis gas from FWVs, and Prof. Dr. Nuri Azbar, and Prof. Dr. Jale Yanik for their support in providing laboratories for experiments. Special thanks to Dr. Haris Nalakth Abubackar and Dr. Hilal Betul Kaya Akkale for advisory support.