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2. Community voices: sowing, germinating, flourishing as strategies to support inclusion in STEM

Author

Diele-Viegas, Luisa Maria, de Almeida, Thamara Santos, Amati-Martins, Iris, Bacon, Christine D., Cassia-Silva, Cibele, Collevatti, Rosane G., Fenker, Jéssica, Cordeiro, Tabata Elise Ferreira, Ferrari, Giuliana Caldeira Pires, Franco, Ana Clara Sampaio, Gasparetto, Luiza Flores, Hipólito, Juliana, Hohlenwerger, Camila, Hörmanseder, Beatriz, de Jesus, Priscila Barreto, Matos, Suzana dos Santos, Pareja-Mejía, Daniela, Murer, Beatriz Moraes, Pavone, Carla Brunner, Pilecco, Flávia B., Queiroz-Souza, Caren, Reis, Alice, Santana, Pamela Cristina, Dias-Silva, Fernanda, Souza, Lucy, Telles, Mariana P. C., Viaggi, Jemilli, and Virginio, Flávia

Published
2022
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3. Volcanic events coincide with plant dispersal across the Northern Andes

Author

Sanín, María José, Cardona, Agustín, Valencia-Montoya, Wendy A., Jiménez, María Fernanda Torres, Carvalho-Madrigal, Sara, Gómez, Andrés Camilo, Bacon, Christine D., Tangarife, Tomas Roquemen, Jaramillo, Juan Sebastián, Zapata, Sebastián, Valencia, Víctor, Valencia, Jorge William Arboleda, Vargas, Valentina, and Paris, Margot

Published
2022
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7. On the Young Savannas in the Land of Ancient Forests

Author

Azevedo, Josué A. R., Collevatti, Rosane G., Jaramillo, Carlos A., Strömberg, Caroline A. E., Guedes, Thaís B., Matos-Maraví, Pável, Bacon, Christine D., Carillo, Juan David, Faurby, Søren, Antonelli, Alexandre, Rull, Valentí, editor, and Carnaval, Ana Carolina, editor

Published
2020
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12. Rethinking pathways to the dioecy–polyploidy association: Genera with many dioecious species have fewer polyploids.

Author

Osterman, Wilhelm H. A., Hill, Adrian, Hagan, James G., Whitton, Jeannette, Bacon, Christine D., and Bjorkman, Anne D.

Subjects
SEXUAL dimorphism, PLOIDY, INTERSEXUALITY, POLYPLOIDY, POLLINATION, GENOMES
Abstract

Premise: Numerous studies have found a positive association between dioecy and polyploidy; however, this association presents a theoretical conflict: While polyploids are predicted to benefit from self‐reproduction for successful establishment, dioecious species cannot self‐reproduce. We propose a theoretical framework to resolve this apparent conflict. We hypothesize that the inability of dioecious species to self‐reproduce hinders their establishment as polyploids. We therefore expect that genera with many dioecious species have fewer polyploids, leading to a negative association between polyploidy and dioecy across genera. Methods: We used three publicly available databases to determine ploidy and sexual systems for 131 genera and 546 species. We quantified (1) the relationship between the frequency of polyploid species and the frequency of dioecious species across genera, and (2) the proportion of polyploids with hermaphroditism and dioecy across species, adjusting for phylogenetic history. Results: Across genera, we found a negative relationship between the proportion of polyploids and the proportion of dioecious species, a consistent trend across clades. Across all species, we found that sexual system (dioecious or not) was not associated with polyploidy. Conclusions: Polyploids are rare in genera in which the majority of species are dioecious, consistent with the theory that self‐reproduction favors polyploid establishment. The low frequency of polyploidy among dioecious species indicates the association is not as widespread as previously suggested. Our findings are consistent with previous studies identifying a positive relationship between the two traits, but only if polyploidy promotes a transition to dioecy, and not the reverse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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13. Hybridization in palms (Arecaceae).

Author

Bacon, Christine D. and Hill, Adrian

Subjects
*PLANT hybridization, *PLANT evolution, *LITERATURE reviews, *SPECIES diversity, *TROPICAL plants, *PALMS, *HYBRID zones
Abstract

Hybridization has significant evolutionary consequences across the Tree of Life. The process of hybridization has played a major role in plant evolution and has contributed to species richness and trait variation. Since morphological traits are partially a product of their environment, there may be a link between hybridization and ecology. Plant hybrid species richness is noted to be higher in harsh environments, and we explore this hypothesis with a keystone tropical plant lineage, palms (Arecaceae). Leveraging a recent literature review of naturally occurring palm hybrids, we developed a method to calculate hybrid frequency, and then tested if there is phylogenetic signal of hybrids using a phylogeny of all palms. Further, we used phylogenetic comparative methods to examine the interaction between hybrid frequency and presence in dry environments, on islands, and the species richness of genera. Phylogenetic generalized least squares models had stronger support than models of random association, indicating phylogenetic signal for the presence of hybrids in dry and island environments. However, all p‐values were >.05 and therefore the correlation was poor between hybridization and the trait frequencies examined. Presence in particular environments are not strongly correlated to hybrid frequency, but phylogenetic signal suggests a role in its distribution in different habitats. Hybridization in palms is not evenly distributed across subfamilies, tribes, subtribes yet plays an important role in palm diversity, nonetheless. Increasing our understanding hybridization in this economically and culturally important plant family is essential, particularly since rates are projected to increase with climate change, reconfiguring the dynamics and distribution of biodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. The evolutionary age-range size relationship is modulated by insularity and dispersal in plants and animals

Author

Alzate, Adriana, primary, Rozzi, Roberto, additional, Velasco, Julian A., additional, Robertson, D. Ross, additional, Zizka, Alexander, additional, Tobias, Joseph A., additional, Hill, Adrian, additional, Bacon, Christine D., additional, Janzen, Thijs, additional, Pellissier, Loïc, additional, van der Plas, Fons, additional, Rosindell, James, additional, and Onstein, Renske E., additional

Published
2023
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20. On the Young Savannas in the Land of Ancient Forests

Author

Azevedo, Josué A. R., primary, Collevatti, Rosane G., additional, Jaramillo, Carlos A., additional, Strömberg, Caroline A. E., additional, Guedes, Thaís B., additional, Matos-Maraví, Pável, additional, Bacon, Christine D., additional, Carillo, Juan David, additional, Faurby, Søren, additional, and Antonelli, Alexandre, additional

Published
2020
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21. Five new species of Coccothrinax (Cryosophileae, Coryphoideae, Arecaceae) from Hispaniola

Author

Henderson, Andrew, Fernández, Eladio, Montero, Oscar, Clase, Teodoro, Gratacos, Xavier, and Bacon, Christine D.

Subjects
Tracheophyta, Liliopsida, Biodiversity, Plant Science, Arecaceae, Plantae, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Taxonomy, Arecales
Abstract

Henderson, Andrew, Fernández, Eladio, Montero, Oscar, Clase, Teodoro, Gratacos, Xavier, Bacon, Christine D. (2023): Five new species of Coccothrinax (Cryosophileae, Coryphoideae, Arecaceae) from Hispaniola. Phytotaxa 589 (2): 101-111, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN

Published
2023

26. TAXONOMIC REVISION OF SENNA SER. SPINESCENTES (LEGUMINOSAE, CASSIEAE), INCLUDING TWO NEW SOUTH AMERICAN SPECIES.

Author

Gibau de Lima, Alexandre, Trovó, Marcelo, da Costa Bortoluzzi, Roseli Lopes, Gastaldello Rando, Juliana, Bacon, Christine D., and de Freitas Mansano, Vidal

Abstract

Senna sect. Chamaefistula (DC. ex Collad.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby ser. Spinescentes H. S. Irwin & Barneby is restricted to the Neotropical region and has species distributed predominantly in the lowland forest of Amazonia. These species are morphologically distinguished by their scandent or viny habit, stipular thorns, and laterally compressed fruits with seeds parallel to fruit valves. Previous taxonomic treatments have recognized only two formally described species and one variety; nevertheless, they served as a baseline for a more comprehensive study. Based on the analysis of many specimens housed in herbaria and on fieldwork, we recognize five species belonging to Senna ser. Spinescentes including two newly described species, one from the Brazilian Amazon, S. manaosa A. Lima, Bortoluzzi & V. F. Mansano, and the other from the Bolivian Yungas, S. yungas A. Lima, Bortoluzzi & V. F. Mansano. We also recognize S. schultesiana (H. S. Irwin & Barneby) A. Lima & V. F. Mansano as a morphologically distinct species rather than a variety of S. spinescens (Hoffmanns. ex Vogel) H. S. Irwin & Barneby, and we propose a lectotypification for S. longiglandulosa (Benth.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby. We provide an identification key, morphological descriptions, taxonomic notes, illustrations, preliminary conservation assessments, and habitat and phenology data for each species of the series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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29. Cosmology with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna

Author

Auclair, J.-P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, Tessa, Barreiro, Tiago, Bartolo, Nicola, Belgacem, Enis, Bellomo, Nicola, Ben-Dayan, Ido, Ezquiaga, Jose Maria, Auclair, J.-P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, Tessa, Barreiro, Tiago, Bartolo, Nicola, Belgacem, Enis, Bellomo, Nicola, Ben-Dayan, Ido, and Ezquiaga, Jose Maria

Published
2023

31. Coccothrinax Sarg

Author

Henderson, Andrew, Fernández, Eladio, Montero, Oscar, Clase, Teodoro, Gratacos, Xavier, and Bacon, Christine D.

Subjects
Tracheophyta, Liliopsida, Biodiversity, Arecaceae, Plantae, Coccothrinax, Taxonomy, Arecales
Abstract

Key to the species of Coccothrinax in Hispaniola 1. Leaf segments pendulous at the apices, giving a three-dimensional appearance to the leaf; leaf segment hairs with a conspicuous elliptic center; Haiti (Tortuga island) and Dominican Republic (Morro de Monte Cristi)............................................... C. argentata - Leaf segments not pendulous at the apices; leaf segment hairs without conspicuous centers..........................................................2. 2. Leaf sheath fibers closely woven, forming persistent, triangular ligules at the apices; throughout Hispaniola............... C. argentea - Leaf sheath fibers not forming persistent, triangular ligules at the apices........................................................................................3. 3. Leaf sheath fibers thin (usually 1 mm diameter), woody, loosely woven, ± joined or briefly free at the apices, or the inner and outer layer combining at the apices to form erect, spine-like fibers, or stout (usually 0.3–0.5 mm diameter), loosely woven and forming a loose, hexagonal mesh, initially forming ligules at the apices.........................................................................................5. 4. Stems 4.4–15.0 cm diameter, not swollen; at 10–26 m elevation in southeastern Dominican Republic (La Altagracia, San Pedro de Macoris)....................................................................................................................................................................... C. barbadensis - Stems 11.0–50.0 cm diameter, sometimes swollen; throughout Hispaniola......................................................................... C. spissa 5. Fruits 8.3–16.4 mm long; at higher elevations..................................................................................................................................6. - Fruits 3.9–7.9 mm long; at lower elevations.....................................................................................................................................7. 6. Palmans 8.3(3.5–15.3) cm long, relatively short, with the adaxial veins prominent and terminating in a slight raised ridge and distinct pulvinus; Dominican Republic (Sierra Martín García and Sierra de Baoruco) and Haiti (Massif de la Hotte and probably Massif de la Selle)............................................................................................................................................................. C. scoparia - Palmans 20.1(12.0–26.50) cm long, relatively long, without prominent adaxial veins; Dominican Republic (Cordillera Central, Cordillera Septentrional, Sierra de Neiva)........................................................................................................................ C. montana 7. Fruit surfaces densely muricate.........................................................................................................................................................8. - Fruit surfaces smooth or sometimes with projecting fibers.............................................................................................................10. 8. Leaf sheath fibers combining at the apices to form erect, spine-like fibers; southeastern Haiti (Sud-Est) and southwestern Dominican Republic (Barahona, Pedernales)....................................................................................................................................... C. ekmanii - Leaf sheath fibers ± joined or briefly free at the apices....................................................................................................................9. 9. Leaf blades orbicular; Dominican Republic (Azua)........................................................................................................ C. boschiana - Leaf blades wedge-shaped; northeastern Dominican Republic (Samaná).................................................................... C. samanensis 10. Inflorescences erect, at least initially, amongst or above the leaves; north-central Dominican Republic (Espaillat).... C. bonettiana - Inflorescences curving, arching, or pendulous amongst the leaves.................................................................................................11. 11. Leaf blades orbicular.......................................................................................................................................................................12. - Leaf blades wedge-shaped...............................................................................................................................................................14. 12. Leaf segments without indumentum abaxially; southern Haiti (Department Sud-Est)..................................................... C. concolor - Leaf segments densely indumentose abaxially................................................................................................................................13. 13. Fruits 3.8–4.7 mm diameter; seed surfaces lobed, the lobes running from base of seeds approximately to equator; northeastern Dominican Republic (El Seibo, Hato Mayor)....................................................................................................... C. montgomeryana - Fruits 7.1–7.2 mm diameter; seed surfaces deeply lobed, the lobes running from base of seeds almost to apices; northwestern Haiti (Nord-Ouest)........................................................................................................................................................................ C. gracilis 14. Leaf segments densely indumentose abaxially; Haiti (Artibonite).............................................................................. C. gonaivensis - Leaf segments without indumentum abaxially................................................................................................................................15. 15. Leaf sheath fibers 0.3(0.2–0.4) mm diameter, forming a loose, hexagonal mesh, initially forming ligules at the apices; Dominican Republic (Independencia).................................................................................................................................................. C. jimenezii - Leaf sheath fibers 1.3(1.1–1.5) mm diameter, ± joined or briefly free at the apices; Dominican Republic (Azua)..... C. landestoyii, Published as part of Henderson, Andrew, Fernández, Eladio, Montero, Oscar, Clase, Teodoro, Gratacos, Xavier & Bacon, Christine D., 2023, Five new species of Coccothrinax (Cryosophileae, Coryphoideae, Arecaceae) from Hispaniola, pp. 101-111 in Phytotaxa 589 (2) on page 102, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7762349

Published
2023
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32. Repeated evolution of pollination syndromes in a highly diverse bromeliad lineage is correlated with shifts in life form and habitat.

Author

Neves, Beatriz, Ferreira, Paola de L, Prosdocimi, Francisco, Kessous, Igor M, Couto, Dayvid R, Moura, Ricardo L, Salgueiro, Fabiano, Costa, Andrea F, Bacon, Christine D, and Antonelli, Alexandre

Subjects
BROMELIACEAE, POLLINATION, FLORAL morphology, HABITATS, ANGIOSPERMS, SYNDROMES
Abstract

Mutualistic plant-pollinator interactions play a critical role in the diversification of flowering plants. The spatiotemporal correlates of such interactions can be understood in a phylogenetic context. Here, we generate ddRAD-seq data for the highly diverse Vriesea-Stigmatodon lineage to test for correlated trait evolution among pollination syndromes and life form, habitat type, and altitude. Our results show that pollination syndromes are correlated with changes in life form and habitat type. The ancestor of the Vriesea-Stigmatodon lineage was likely bat pollinated, rock dwelling and inhabited open, mid-elevation forests. Transitions from bat to hummingbird pollination are correlated with transitions to the epiphytic life form in shaded habitats, whereas bat pollination is correlated with the rock-dwelling life form and open habitats. Our dated phylogenetic tree reveals independent origins of hummingbird pollination, occurring twice in Vriesea at c. 5.8 and 5.4 Mya. The timing for the shifts in pollination syndrome coincides with geological and environmental transformations across the Serra do Mar Mountain Chain, which increased habitat heterogeneity where Vriesea and their mutualists diversified. The phylogenetic tree reinforces the non-monophyly of taxonomic sections within the genus Vriesea previously defined by flower morphology, indicating that some lineages should be treated as species complexes. This study identifies synergetic drivers of speciation in a tropical biodiversity hotspot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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33. Madagascar’s extraordinary biodiversity: Evolution, distribution, and use

Author

Antonelli, Alexandre, primary, Smith, Rhian J., additional, Perrigo, Allison L., additional, Crottini, Angelica, additional, Hackel, Jan, additional, Testo, Weston, additional, Farooq, Harith, additional, Torres Jiménez, Maria F., additional, Andela, Niels, additional, Andermann, Tobias, additional, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., additional, Andriambololonera, Sylvie, additional, Bachman, Steven P., additional, Bacon, Christine D., additional, Baker, William J., additional, Belluardo, Francesco, additional, Birkinshaw, Chris, additional, Borrell, James S., additional, Cable, Stuart, additional, Canales, Nataly A., additional, Carrillo, Juan D., additional, Clegg, Rosie, additional, Clubbe, Colin, additional, Cooke, Robert S. C., additional, Damasco, Gabriel, additional, Dhanda, Sonia, additional, Edler, Daniel, additional, Faurby, Søren, additional, de Lima Ferreira, Paola, additional, Fisher, Brian L., additional, Forest, Félix, additional, Gardiner, Lauren M., additional, Goodman, Steven M., additional, Grace, Olwen M., additional, Guedes, Thaís B., additional, Henniges, Marie C., additional, Hill, Rowena, additional, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., additional, Lowry, Porter P., additional, Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, additional, Matos-Maraví, Pável, additional, Moat, Justin, additional, Neves, Beatriz, additional, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., additional, Onstein, Renske E., additional, Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., additional, Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., additional, Phelps, Leanne N., additional, Phillipson, Peter B., additional, Pironon, Samuel, additional, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., additional, Rabarimanarivo, Marina, additional, Rabehevitra, David, additional, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, additional, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, additional, Rajaonary, Fano, additional, Rajaovelona, Landy R., additional, Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, additional, Rakotoarisoa, Amédée A., additional, Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., additional, Rakotomalala, Herizo N., additional, Rakotonasolo, Franck, additional, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., additional, Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, additional, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., additional, Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, additional, Randrianasolo, Vonona, additional, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, additional, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., additional, Ravololomanana, Noro, additional, Razafiniary, Velosoa, additional, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, additional, Razanatsoa, Estelle, additional, Rivers, Malin, additional, Sayol, Ferran, additional, Silvestro, Daniele, additional, Vorontsova, Maria S., additional, Walker, Kim, additional, Walker, Barnaby E., additional, Wilkin, Paul, additional, Williams, Jenny, additional, Ziegler, Thomas, additional, Zizka, Alexander, additional, and Ralimanana, Hélène, additional

Published
2022
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34. Madagascar’s extraordinary biodiversity: Threats and opportunities

Author

Ralimanana, Hélène, primary, Perrigo, Allison L., additional, Smith, Rhian J., additional, Borrell, James S., additional, Faurby, Søren, additional, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, additional, Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, additional, Vorontsova, Maria S., additional, Cooke, Robert S. C., additional, Phelps, Leanne N., additional, Sayol, Ferran, additional, Andela, Niels, additional, Andermann, Tobias, additional, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., additional, Andriambololonera, Sylvie, additional, Bachman, Steven P., additional, Bacon, Christine D., additional, Baker, William J., additional, Belluardo, Francesco, additional, Birkinshaw, Chris, additional, Cable, Stuart, additional, Canales, Nataly A., additional, Carrillo, Juan D., additional, Clegg, Rosie, additional, Clubbe, Colin, additional, Crottini, Angelica, additional, Damasco, Gabriel, additional, Dhanda, Sonia, additional, Edler, Daniel, additional, Farooq, Harith, additional, de Lima Ferreira, Paola, additional, Fisher, Brian L., additional, Forest, Félix, additional, Gardiner, Lauren M., additional, Goodman, Steven M., additional, Grace, Olwen M., additional, Guedes, Thaís B., additional, Hackel, Jan, additional, Henniges, Marie C., additional, Hill, Rowena, additional, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., additional, Lowry, Porter P., additional, Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, additional, Matos-Maraví, Pável, additional, Moat, Justin, additional, Neves, Beatriz, additional, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., additional, Onstein, Renske E., additional, Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., additional, Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., additional, Phillipson, Peter B., additional, Pironon, Samuel, additional, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., additional, Rabarimanarivo, Marina, additional, Rabehevitra, David, additional, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, additional, Rajaonary, Fano, additional, Rajaovelona, Landy R., additional, Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, additional, Rakotoarisoa, Amédée A., additional, Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., additional, Rakotomalala, Herizo N., additional, Rakotonasolo, Franck, additional, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., additional, Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, additional, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., additional, Randrianasolo, Vonona, additional, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, additional, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., additional, Ravololomanana, Noro, additional, Razafiniary, Velosoa, additional, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, additional, Razanatsoa, Estelle, additional, Rivers, Malin, additional, Silvestro, Daniele, additional, Testo, Weston, additional, Torres Jiménez, Maria F., additional, Walker, Kim, additional, Walker, Barnaby E., additional, Wilkin, Paul, additional, Williams, Jenny, additional, Ziegler, Thomas, additional, Zizka, Alexander, additional, and Antonelli, Alexandre, additional

Published
2022
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38. Productivity in academia: When the rules determine the losers

Author

Diele-Viegas, Luisa Maria, primary, Sales, Lilian P., additional, Slobodian, Veronica, additional, Virginio, Flávia, additional, de Araújo Sousa, Shirliane, additional, Pareja-Mejía, Daniela, additional, Bacon, Christine D., additional, Mugarte, Allen S. X., additional, Amati-Martins, Iris, additional, Dias-Silva, Fernanda, additional, Araújo, Olivia G. S., additional, Nassif, Jann, additional, Carvalho, Murillo, additional, Luz, Camila, additional, Soares, Bruno Eleres, additional, Pêgas, Rodrigo V., additional, and Souza, Lucy G., additional

Published
2022
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43. Madagascar's extraordinary biodiversity : Evolution, distribution, and use

Author

Antonelli, Alexandre, Smith, Rhian J., Perrigo, Allison L., Crottini, Angelica, Hackel, Jan, Testo, Weston, Farooq, Harith, Jimenez, Maria F. Torres, Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Borrell, James S., Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Cooke, Robert S. C., Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Faurby, Soren, Ferreira, Paola de Lima, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Felix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thais B., Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., II, Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maravi, Pavel, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phelps, Leanne N., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amedee A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Sayol, Ferran, Silvestro, Daniele, Vorontsova, Maria S., Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, Ralimanana, Helene, Antonelli, Alexandre, Smith, Rhian J., Perrigo, Allison L., Crottini, Angelica, Hackel, Jan, Testo, Weston, Farooq, Harith, Jimenez, Maria F. Torres, Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Borrell, James S., Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Cooke, Robert S. C., Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Faurby, Soren, Ferreira, Paola de Lima, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Felix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thais B., Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., II, Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maravi, Pavel, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phelps, Leanne N., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amedee A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Sayol, Ferran, Silvestro, Daniele, Vorontsova, Maria S., Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, and Ralimanana, Helene

Abstract

Madagascar's biota is hyperdiverse and includes exceptional levels of endemicity. We review the current state of knowledge on Madagascar's past and current terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity by compiling and presenting comprehensive data on species diversity, endemism, and rates of species description and human uses, in addition to presenting an updated and simplified map of vegetation types. We report a substantial increase of records and species new to science in recent years; however, the diversity and evolution of many groups remain practically unknown (e.g., fungi and most invertebrates). Digitization efforts are increasing the resolution of species richness patterns and we highlight the crucial role of field- and collections-based research for advancing biodiversity knowledge and identifying gaps in our understanding, particularly as species richness corresponds closely to collection effort. Phylogenetic diversity patterns mirror that of species richness and endemism in most of the analyzed groups. We highlight humid forests as centers of diversity and endemism because of their role as refugia and centers of recent and rapid radiations. However, the distinct endemism of other areas, such as the grassland-woodland mosaic of the Central Highlands and the spiny forest of the southwest, is also biologically important despite lower species richness. The documented uses of Malagasy biodiversity are manifold, with much potential for the uncovering of new useful traits for food, medicine, and climate mitigation. The data presented here showcase Madagascar as a unique " living laboratory" for our understanding of evolution and the complex interactions between people and nature. The gathering and analysis of biodiversity data must continue and accelerate if we are to fully understand and safeguard this unique subset of Earth's biodiversity.

Published
2022
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44. Madagascar's extraordinary biodiversity : Threats and opportunities

Author

Ralimanana, Helene, Perrigo, Allison L., Smith, Rhian J., Borrell, James S., Faurby, Soren, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Vorontsova, Maria S., Cooke, Robert S. C., Phelps, Leanne N., Sayol, Ferran, Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Crottini, Angelica, Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Farooq, Harith, Ferreira, Paola de Lima, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Felix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thais B., Hackel, Jan, Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., II, Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maravi, Pavel, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amedee A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Silvestro, Daniele, Testo, Weston, Jimenez, Maria F. Torres, Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, Antonelli, Alexandre, Ralimanana, Helene, Perrigo, Allison L., Smith, Rhian J., Borrell, James S., Faurby, Soren, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Vorontsova, Maria S., Cooke, Robert S. C., Phelps, Leanne N., Sayol, Ferran, Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Crottini, Angelica, Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Farooq, Harith, Ferreira, Paola de Lima, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Felix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thais B., Hackel, Jan, Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., II, Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maravi, Pavel, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amedee A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Silvestro, Daniele, Testo, Weston, Jimenez, Maria F. Torres, Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, and Antonelli, Alexandre

Abstract

Madagascar's unique biota is heavily affected by human activity and is under intense threat. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the conservation status of Madagascar's terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity by presenting data and analyses on documented and predicted species-level conservation statuses, the most prevalent and relevant threats, ex situ collections and programs, and the coverage and comprehensiveness of protected areas. The existing terrestrial protected area network in Madagascar covers 10.4% of its land area and includes at least part of the range of the majority of described native species of vertebrates with known distributions (97.1% of freshwater fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals combined) and plants (67.7%). The overall figures are higher for threatened species (97.7% of threatened vertebrates and 79.6% of threatened plants occurring within at least one protected area). International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List assessments and Bayesian neural network analyses for plants identify overexploitation of biological resources and unsustainable agriculture as themost prominent threats to biodiversity. We highlight five opportunities for action at multiple levels to ensure that conservation and ecological restoration objectives, programs, and activities take account of complex underlying and interacting factors and produce tangible benefits for the biodiversity and people of Madagascar.

Published
2022
Full Text
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45. Madagascar’s extraordinary biodiversity:Evolution, distribution, and use

Author

Antonelli, Alexandre, Smith, Rhian J., Perrigo, Allison L., Crottini, Angelica, Hackel, Jan, Testo, Weston, Farooq, Harith, Torres Jiménez, Maria F., Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Borrell, James S., Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Cooke, Robert S. C., Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Faurby, Søren, de Lima Ferreira, Paola, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Félix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thaís B., Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maraví, Pável, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phelps, Leanne N., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amédée A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Sayol, Ferran, Silvestro, Daniele, Vorontsova, Maria S., Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, Ralimanana, Hélène, Antonelli, Alexandre, Smith, Rhian J., Perrigo, Allison L., Crottini, Angelica, Hackel, Jan, Testo, Weston, Farooq, Harith, Torres Jiménez, Maria F., Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Borrell, James S., Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Cooke, Robert S. C., Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Faurby, Søren, de Lima Ferreira, Paola, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Félix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thaís B., Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maraví, Pável, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phelps, Leanne N., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amédée A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Sayol, Ferran, Silvestro, Daniele, Vorontsova, Maria S., Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, and Ralimanana, Hélène

Abstract

Madagascar’s biota is hyperdiverse and includes exceptional levels of endemicity. We review the current state of knowledge on Madagascar’s past and current terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity by compiling and presenting comprehensive data on species diversity, endemism, and rates of species description and human uses, in addition to presenting an updated and simplified map of vegetation types. We report a substantial increase of records and species new to science in recent years; however, the diversity and evolution of many groups remain practically unknown (e.g., fungi and most invertebrates). Digitization efforts are increasing the resolution of species richness patterns and we highlight the crucial role of field- and collections-based research for advancing biodiversity knowledge and identifying gaps in our understanding, particularly as species richness corresponds closely to collection effort. Phylogenetic diversity patterns mirror that of species richness and endemism in most of the analyzed groups. We highlight humid forests as centers of diversity and endemism because of their role as refugia and centers of recent and rapid radiations. However, the distinct endemism of other areas, such as the grassland-woodland mosaic of the Central Highlands and the spiny forest of the southwest, is also biologically important despite lower species richness. The documented uses of Malagasy biodiversity are manifold, with much potential for the uncovering of new useful traits for food, medicine, and climate mitigation. The data presented here showcase Madagascar as a unique “living laboratory” for our understanding of evolution and the complex interactions between people and nature. The gathering and analysis of biodiversity data must continue and accelerate if we are to fully understand and safeguard this unique subset of Earth’s biodiversity.

Published
2022

46. Madagascar’s extraordinary biodiversity:Threats and opportunities

Author

Ralimanana, Hélène, Perrigo, Allison L., Smith, Rhian J., Borrell, James S., Faurby, Søren, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Vorontsova, Maria S., Cooke, Robert S. C., Phelps, Leanne N., Sayol, Ferran, Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Crottini, Angelica, Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Farooq, Harith, de Lima Ferreira, Paola, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Félix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thaís B., Hackel, Jan, Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maraví, Pável, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amédée A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Silvestro, Daniele, Testo, Weston, Torres Jiménez, Maria F., Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, Antonelli, Alexandre, Ralimanana, Hélène, Perrigo, Allison L., Smith, Rhian J., Borrell, James S., Faurby, Søren, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Vorontsova, Maria S., Cooke, Robert S. C., Phelps, Leanne N., Sayol, Ferran, Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Crottini, Angelica, Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Farooq, Harith, de Lima Ferreira, Paola, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Félix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thaís B., Hackel, Jan, Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maraví, Pável, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amédée A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Silvestro, Daniele, Testo, Weston, Torres Jiménez, Maria F., Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, and Antonelli, Alexandre

Abstract

Madagascar’s unique biota is heavily affected by human activity and is under intense threat. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the conservation status of Madagascar’s terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity by presenting data and analyses on documented and predicted species-level conservation statuses, the most prevalent and relevant threats, ex situ collections and programs, and the coverage and comprehensiveness of protected areas. The existing terrestrial protected area network in Madagascar covers 10.4% of its land area and includes at least part of the range of the majority of described native species of vertebrates with known distributions (97.1% of freshwater fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals combined) and plants (67.7%). The overall figures are higher for threatened species (97.7% of threatened vertebrates and 79.6% of threatened plants occurring within at least one protected area). International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List assessments and Bayesian neural network analyses for plants identify overexploitation of biological resources and unsustainable agriculture as the most prominent threats to biodiversity. We highlight five opportunities for action at multiple levels to ensure that conservation and ecological restoration objectives, programs, and activities take account of complex underlying and interacting factors and produce tangible benefits for the biodiversity and people of Madagascar.

Published
2022

49. Recent and local diversification of Central American understorey palms

Author

Cano, Ángela, primary, Stauffer, Fred W., additional, Andermann, Tobias, additional, Liberal, Isabel M., additional, Zizka, Alexander, additional, Bacon, Christine D., additional, Lorenzi, Harri, additional, Christe, Camille, additional, Töpel, Mats, additional, Perret, Mathieu, additional, and Antonelli, Alexandre, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

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