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Scrub typhus has a wide range of clinical presentation varying from mild symptoms like fever, chills, headaches, myalgias, gastric ulcerations and hepatitis to more fatal conditions like pneumonia and encephalopathy caused by disseminated vasculitis with splenic infarct being a rare complication. We report a case of 50-years old male with scrub typhus who presented as multiple splenic infarcts.

Urbanization, described as social development, benefits the human population if it is well planned. India contributes major distinctive facets of urbanization which is developing at remarkable rates. The regional distribution of population in India is irregular as only six large states are responsible for half of the urban populaces. India is also known for its different cultures, languages and food habits. Owing to the region-specific food habits, rice is cultivated widely and gives a better yield than the other grains. Pulses that are rich in protein are the next eminent source for people. One of the crucial underlying problems is people give more importance to the taste than nutritional value. As a consequence, immense counts of individuals who can manage to devour a healthy diet do not do so and instances of severe deficiency and malnutrition and certain other gut-associated diseases are seen. Colorectal cancer, which is the most prevailing cancer around the globe, is the major cause of cancer-associated mortality in developing countries. High-fat diet like animal fat that favors the growth of unwanted bacterial flora is the chief threat for colorectal cancer. It is well known that urbanization has fetched several modifications in the lifestyle and food habits which successively enhanced the threat of various diseases. Hence in this review, we focused mainly on the impact of rapid urbanization and other lifestyle and dietary habits on the development of colorectal cancer in India.

The Intelligent virtual assistant (IVA) also called AI assistant or digital assistant is software developed as a product by organizations like Google, Apple, Microsoft and Amazon. Virtual assistant based on Artificial Intelligence which works and processes on natural language commands given by humans. It helps the user to work more efficiently and also saves time. It is human friendly as it works on natural language commands given by humans. Voice-controlled Intelligent Virtual Assistants (IVAs) have seen gigantic development as of late on cell phones and as independent gadgets in individuals’ homes. The intelligent virtual assistant is very useful for illiterate and visually impaired people around the world. While research has analyzed the expected advantages and downsides of these gadgets for IVA clients, barely any investigations have exactly assessed the need of security and trust as a singular choice to use IVAs. In this proposed work, different IPA users and non-users (N=1000) are surveyed to understand and analyze the barriers and motivations to adopting IPAs and how users are concerned about data privacy and trust with respect to organizational compliances and social contract related to IPA data and how these concerns have affected the acceptance and use of IPAs. We have used Naive Byes Classifier to compute trust in IVA devices and further evaluate probability of using different trusted IVA devices.

The Banking Management System (BMS) is windows based Trusted GUI application which can be used to store the data of bank account holders into a trusted real time database in Firebase which could be later used to fetch the details of account by any system using internet. Multiple users can have access at the same time. The main objective of Banking Management System is to allow the administrator/client or the user to edit and access the details of the bank account online. It also allows multiple users/clients to have access from different systems at the same time using internet. Hence, the same data will access by the banks as well as the account holders. It fetches the data from real time database of firebase very quick within seconds. The Scope of BMS is to help the banks to allow their account holders or users to gain access onto their particular account from sitting at home itself using internet. Making their data accessible to them online. This helps the users to make their data safe in database and also leads to built trust among the banks and their customers.

Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by the deficiency of arylsulfatase A (ARSA), which results in the accumulation of sulfatides. Newborn screening for MLD may be considered in the future as innovative treatments are advancing. We carried out a research study to assess the feasibility of screening MLD using dried blood spots (DBS) from de-identified newborns.To minimize the false-positive rate, a two-tier screening algorithm was designed. The primary test was to quantify C16:0-sulfatide in DBS by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The screening cutoff was established based on the results from 15 MLD newborns to achieve 100% sensitivity. The secondary test was to measure the ARSA activity in DBS from newborns with abnormal C16:0-sulfatide levels. Only newborns that displayed both abnormal C16:0-sulfatide abundance and ARSA activity were considered screen positives.A total of 27,335 newborns were screened using this two-tier algorithm, and 2 high-risk cases were identified. ARSA gene sequencing identified these two high-risk subjects to be a MLD-affected patient and a heterozygote.Our study demonstrates that newborn screening for MLD is highly feasible in a real-world scenario with near 100% assay specificity.

CT image plays a very important role in early Lung Cancer detection thereby resulting in effective reduction of the mortality rate. But due to advancement in imaging technology and reduction in cost the data sets of CT images produced every day is very large and it is a challenging task for the radiologist for accurate assessment. Currently, many techniques are available for accurate detection nodules. Specifically, CNN (Convolution Neural Network) based on Deep learning increased the success rate of identification and classification of Lung Nodules. This paper presents a review on techniques for detection of Lung nodules using Convolution Neural network with its performance. In the beginning, the introduction to basic knowledge of CNN and its importance in medical imaging is discussed. In the later section, the available datasets and requirement for essential setup targeting Lung Nodule investigation using CNN is briefed out. Finally, what are the various challenges in CNN for further improving the accurate detection of lung Nodules is targeted. This paper will provide a brief idea of various techniques used with CNN for detection of Lung Nodules.

In today’s world, the driving force is the human race, who are carrying out experiments, doing researches and inventing goods and services for the benefits of their own kind. N number of smart machines and techniques are invented continuously such inventions are responsible for changing our lives every second, every minute and every hour. In computer world trust in m2m is a communication between devices like mobile phone, laptop, tablet, etc. The modern world is totally into the computer field where every way of communication is done in machine based for example; money transaction, bill payment, chatting, etc. The trust in m2m is something that the whole world is totally dependent on. Where ever we go we depend on machine for transportation we use vehicle which is made up of machines wireless and wired machines. This module has been created using the socket programming in python where the communications are been done using the sockets. The communication among the devices gets more secured. And at the last when the communication has been done then the socket is closed to make the connection disable. This allows the communication or the transfer of the data to be more secure and more trustful. At the time when the message or the data is sent to any other device, it first gets encoded using “UTF-8” and then it is sent to another node basically the client node.

Battery packaging in a vehicle depends on the cell chemistry being used and its behavior plays an important role in the safety of the entire battery pack. Chemical degradation of various parts of a cell such as the cathode or anode is a concern as it adversely affects performance and safety. A cell in its battery pack once assembled can have two different mechanical abuse condition. One is the vibration generated from the vehicle and the second is the intrusion of external elements in case of accident. In this paper, a commercially available 32,700 lithium ion cell with lithium iron phosphate (LFP) chemistry is studied for its response to both the abuse conditions at two different states of charge (SoC). The primary aim of this study is to understand their effect on the surface morphology of the cathode and the anode. The cells are also characterized to study impedance behavior before and after being abused mechanically. The cells tested for vibration were also analyzed for dynamic stiffness. A microscopy technique such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the surface morphology and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) characterization was carried out to study the internal resistance of the cell. It was observed that there was a drop in internal resistance and increase in the stiffness after the cells subjected to mechanical abuse. The study also revealed different morphology at the center and at the corner of the cell subjected to nail penetration at 50% SoC.

Background: Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory condition of the pancreas having a varied clinical presentation. It is one of the commonest causes of abdominal pain requiring hospital admission. This retrospective study aims to describe the clinical profile and outcomes of patients with acute pancreatitis and its correlation with severity index. Methods: All patients admitted with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis to medical gastroenterology department between January 2018 to December 2020 were included in this retrospective study. Results: A total of 61 subjects were included in the final analysis. The mean age was 41.64, the ranged between 19 to 88 years. Among the study population, 53 (86.89%) were male and 8 (13.11%) were female. Among the people 43 (70.49%) were alcoholics, 22 (36.07%) were smokers, 11(18.03%) had systemic hypertension and 5 (8.20%) participants had type 2 diabetic mellitus. The mean CTSI was 2.15±2.82, the mean Balthazar was 3.43±2.4 and the mean procalcitonin was 2.52±9.28. The mean Lipase was 7822. There was a weak positive correlation between CTSI and CRP (r s value: 0.147, p=0.260). There was a weak negative correlation between Balthazar and CRP (r s value:-0.067, p=0.606). Conclusions: Among the study population, 87% of the patients were males. 70% of the population were alcoholics. Mean serum lipase was 7822. There was a weak positive correlation between CTSI and CRP (r s value: 0.147, p=0.260). There was a weak negative correlation between Balthazar and CRP (r s value:-0.067, p=0.606).

Background: Alcohol-associated liver disease includes a variety of clinical disorders which include steatosis, Alcoholic steato hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis of varying degrees of severity, alcoholic cirrhosis, and alcohol associated cirrhosis complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In patients with alcoholic liver disease the presence of hepatic (liver) fibrosis and progression into cirrhosis is a prognostic variable and having impact on survival. To assess hepatic (liver) fibrosis using serum fibro scores fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) scores, AST platelet ratio index (APRI scores) and to compare these results with fibro scan to rule out severe fibrosis in patients with alcohol related disease.Methods: A cross sectional clinical study conducted on 50 patients with alcohol associated chronic liver disease between December 2019 to December 2020 who were in follow up in outpatient department (OPD) and admitted in the Department of Medical Gastroenterology. APRI and FIB-4 scores were calculated and compared with fibro scan values.Results: The results of 50 patients were analysed, including, males with a mean age. Among the study population, 6 (12%) participants had no significant FIB-4, 16 (32%) participants had intermediate FIB-4 and 28 (56%) participants had likely cirrhosis. 33 (66%) participants had no significant APRI, 6 (12%) participants had significant APRI and 11 (22%) participants had cirrhosis liver. Among the people with fibro scan KPA F0-F1 (

Background: Hepatitis B viral infection is the most common cause of hepatitis, and it leads to serious liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Aim: The aim of the study is to differentiate acute hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) among patients seropositive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India, for a period of 6 months (January 2018–June 2018). Blood samples were collected from 87 patients for the detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) serological markers. HBsAg, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), anti-HBc total, anti-HBc IgM, and antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen were screened using the ELISA method. Detailed demographic profile including history of previous hepatitis infection, previous blood transfusion, and other related details were collected and documented using a structured questionnaire. Results: A total of 87 patients were HBsAg seropositive; among them, 55 (63.2%) were male and 32 (36.9%) were female. Based on the serological markers tested, 24 and 63 were suffering from acute and chronic HBV infections, respectively. Among the acute hepatitis B patients, all samples were seropositive for HBsAg, anti-HBc total, and anti-HBc IgM. HBeAg seromarker was found in 15 patients (62.5%). Among the CHB patients, all samples were seropositive for HBsAg and anti-HBc total. HBeAg seromarker was found in 28 patients with 44.4%. Alcohol consumption was the major risk factor for the transmission of HBV infection. Conclusion: An increased sample size and detailed study of high-risk behavior will provide an alarming awareness of their association.

Writer Identification plays an important role in fraud detection while considering the case of unauthorized access to banks and other security checks. Indic Forensic document analysis is also done in Devanagari handwritten languages. We have proposed a robust model for writer identification for Indic languages. It is complex to efficiently extract the words and characters from the Devanagari handwritten document because of overlapping, compound characters, modifiers and touching, etc. The proposed model is efficient for recognizing and classifying data because of its feature extraction and training at different convolution and pooling stages. We have prepared Devanagari (Hindi) dataset of 80 students. The proposed model is trained by using the prepared Hindi dataset and it is not require any domain knowledge for handwriting recognition. The experiments are done on three different languages (Hindi, Kannada and Arabic language) and obtained satisfactory results.