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Background and Objectives: Providing a clear and practical definition of advocacy would help nurse increase their involvement in advocacy and preserving the patients' rights. This study deepens the understanding of the features of advocacy among Muslim nurses. Methods: This study was conducted using the qualitative content analysis approach. The data were gathered through conducting in-depth semi-structured interviews with a purposeful sample of 18 nurses and they were analyzed using the thematic analysis approach. Results: The main characteristics of patient advocacy include protecting the religious aspect of care (avoiding treatments that are contrary to the religious beliefs of patients, and paying attention to religious issues in the care of unconscious patients), providing dignified care (being non-judgmental, providing patient comfort using methods appropriate to their religion, maintaining patients' privacy, and respecting patient's cultural and religious values), and giving hope to the patient (reminding patient's sources of strength and hope, and paying attention to the patient's concerns). Conclusion: In this study, the main characteristics of patient advocacy from the point of view of Muslim nurses have been determined. The results of this study will help Muslim nurses to understand more deeply what they should do to help their patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Considering the lack of information about the ethical principles required to obtain informed consent, this issue should be given more attention by researchers. This study aims to extract the rich experiences of researchers regarding obtaining informed consent to participate in human research and its facilitating factors. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted with the content analysis approach in 2023. Using targeted sampling, 17 researchers from the Qom University of Medical Sciences were selected, and quasi-structured and individual interviews were conducted until data saturation. Data were analyzed simultaneously with data collection using the Granheim and Lundman method. Results: According to the results of this study, based on the nature of the study, researchers can use any of the written, oral, or electronic methods to obtain informed consent. The researchers believed that the principles of obtaining informed consent include voluntariness, avoiding coercion, the existence of two-way interaction between the researcher and the research samples, and providing necessary information to the research samples. According to researchers' experiences, the factors that facilitate obtaining informed consent include establishing effective communication with researchers and samples, the appropriateness of the text of the informed consent, preparing a multimedia file of the informed consent, holding training courses, and having clear and up-to-date instructions. Conclusion: The principles of obtaining informed consent and the facilitating factors mentioned in this research can help researchers observe this critical aspect of ethics in research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Most patients experience moderate to severe anxiety before cardiac catheterization. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Rosa aromatherapy on anxiety before cardiac catheterization. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 60 patients who met the inclusion criteria were conveniently sampled and randomly allocated to the experimental and control groups. Patients in the control group received routine care. In the experimental group, patients received routine care and Rosa aromatherapy for eighteen minutes. The level of anxiety was measured immediately before, and after the treatment. Results: In the stages before and after the study, there were no significant differences between the two groups in the terms of the mean scores of state and total anxiety. However, the mean score of trait anxiety in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between pre- and post-treatment in both groups. Conclusion: Most of the patients experience moderate to severe anxiety before cardiac catheterization. The findings of this study demonstrate that aromatherapy, as administered in this study, is not beneficial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Patients experience moderate to high level of anxiety before cardiac catheterization. This study aimed to investigate the effect of voice of Quran on anxiety before cardiac catheterization. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 60 patients who met the inclusion criteria were conveniently sampled and randomly allocated to the experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, patients received 18 minutes of voice of Quran, whereas in the control group, patients had 18 minutes of rest in bed. The level of anxiety was measured immediately before, and immediately after the study using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Results: Before the study, there was no significant difference between the study groups in terms of the mean score of state and trait anxiety as well as the mean scores of total STAI. However, after the study, the mean scores of state and trait anxiety as well as the mean scores of total STAI in the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group. Conclusion: The findings of the study demonstrated that the voice of Quran can significantly improve patients' anxiety before cardiac catheterization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Sleep disorders are common among patients hospitalized in coronary care unit (CCU). This study aimed to investigate the effect of Rosa damascene aromatherapy on sleep quality of patients hospitalized in CCU. Methods In this randomized controlled trial, 60 patients who met the inclusion criteria were conveniently sampled and randomly allocated to the experimental and control groups. Patients in the control group received routine care. In the experimental group, patients received routine care and Rosa damascene aromatherapy for three subsequent nights. In the both groups the sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results After the study, the mean scores of five domains of Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index as well as the mean of total score of the index in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group. Conclusion Rosa damascene aromatherapy can significantly improve the sleep quality of patients hospitalized in CCUs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Endotracheal tube suctioning is essential for improve oxygenation in the patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. There are two types of shallow and deep endotracheal tube suctioning. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of shallow and deep suctioning methods on respiratory rate (RR), arterial blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) and number of suctioning in patients hospitalized in the intensive care units of Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran., Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 74 patients who hospitalized in the intensive care units of Isfahan Al-Zahra Hospital were randomly allocated to the shallow and deep suctioning groups. RR and SpO2 were measured immediately before, immediately after, 1 and 3 minute after each suctioning. Number of suctioning was also noted in each groups. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (RMANOVA), chi-square and independent t-tests., Results: RR was significantly increased and SpO2 was significantly decreased after each suctioning in the both groups. However, these changes were not significant between the two groups. The numbers of suctioning was significantly higher in the shallow suctioning group than in the deep suctioning group. Conclusion : Shallow and deep suctioning had a similar effect on RR and SpO2. However, shallow suctioning caused further manipulation of patient's trachea than deep suctioning method. Therefore, it seems that deep endotracheal tube suctioning method can be used to clean the airway with lesser manipulation of the trachea.