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Introduction : Les complications cardiovasculaires sont très létales chez les patients hémodialysés chroniques. Elles constituent la première cause de mortalité dans cette population qui est 3 à 20 fois plus élevée par rapport á la population générale de même âge. L’objectif de ce travail était de déterminer la fréquence des complications cardiovasculaires chez les patients hémodialysés chroniques. Patients et méthodes : Il s’agissait d’une étude prospective descriptive et analytique de 2 mois au centre d’hémodialyse de l’hôpital régional de Ziguinchor. Le recueil des données était effectué grâce á un questionnaire renseignant sur les paramètres épidémiologiques, cliniques, paracliniques. Tous les patients avaient bénéficié d’un électrocardiogramme et d’une échographie cardiaque trans-thoracique faites en post dialyse. Résultats : L’âge moyen des patients était de 41,14 ans et 57,14% des patients étaient hypertendus. La dyspnée d’effort était la principale manifestation clinique soit 47,61% et 28,57% des patients avaient une hypertrophie ventriculaire gauche électrique. A l’échocoeur, l’hypertrophie ventriculaire gauche concentrique était le plus notée dans 47,61%. Conclusion : les patients hémodialysés chroniques sont exposés á des complications cardiovasculaires fréquentes et létales. La prise en charge correcte nécessite une surveillance avec des examens paracliniques périodique pour prévenir les complications., Journal Marocain des Sciences Médicales, Vol 23, No 1

Le diverticule de Zenker est une pathologie rare et généralement bénigne. Sa présence chez le malade en hémodialyse a des implications thérapeutiques et pronostiques et constitue un facteur de risque de morbi-mortalité du fait de ses complications comme la dénutrition protéino-énergétique et la pneumopathie. Nous rapportons le cas d´un diverticule de Zenker diagnostiqué chez une patiente hémodialysée chronique. Il s´agissait d´une patiente âgée de 61 ans, qui était reçue pour une hémorragie digestive haute accompagnée d´une dysphagie. L´examen physique trouvait une altération de l´état général avec une perte de poids estimée à 5 kg en 3 mois. Le transit œsogastroduodénal objectivait un refoulement de la portion cervicale de l´œsophage par une volumineuse image d´addition hétérogène dont le pôle supérieur se situe au niveau de la jonction pharyngo-œsophagienne. Le diagnostic d´un diverticule de Zenker avait été retenu. Une diverticulectomie par voie cervicale externe avait été réalisé. La patiente est décédée dans les suites postopératoires précoces d´une pneumopathie d´inhalation. Le diverticule de Zenker est une pathologie rare qui est généralement bénigne mais sa présence chez le malade hémodialysé chronique augmente sa morbi-mortalité.

Multiple myeloma is on the list of neoplasia that may be associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. It is an affection that aggravates the prognosis in these particular patients. We present the case of a patient with multiple myeloma and HIV infection, revealed by renal failure. This was a 59-year-old patient who was received to the Department of nephrology for renal failure associated with severe aregenerative pancytopenia. In etiological investigations, multiple myeloma associated with HIV1 infection was found. The evolution was unfavorable, marked by the death of the patient caused by digestive haemorrhage before the start of antiretroviral treatment and chemotherapy.

Introduction: Kidney injury is common in the course of lupus and affects the functional and vital prognosis. The risk of progression to end-stage renal failure can reach 40% to 60%. Thus we carried out this work for the purpose of an evaluation of the renal and vital prognosis and to deduce the factors of poor prognosis. Patients and method: This was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study conducted over a period of 10 years from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2016, performed in the Nephrology Department of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital in Dakar. Patients with lupus nephritis were included. The studied parameters were epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and progression. We had done a crossover of the patients to look for the factors of poor renal and vital prognosis. Results: Out of 93 cases of lupus patients, 64 were included, a prevalence of 69%. The mean age of the patients was 31.97 ± 10.44 years old. There were 81% women and 19% men, a sex ratio of 0.23. Class III was found in 24 cases (37.5%), Class IV in 20 cases (31.25%), Class V in 15 cases (23.4%), Class II in 4 cases (6.25%) and Class I in 1 case (1.6%). The combination of corticosteroids and immunosuppressants was used in 56.25% of cases. After a follow-up of six months, 19 patients were in complete remission, 21 had resistance and 9 had partial remission. Of the 21 patients who had resistance, 8 were in chronic renal failure. Death was observed in 5 patients and the causes were in 3 patients: pulmonary embolism, bacterial meningitis and pulmonary tuberculosis. The cause of death was unknown in 2 patients. The factors of poor renal prognosis were lymphopenia, the presence of anti-native DNA antibodies, nephrotic syndrome, microscopic hematuria, tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis. Risk factors affecting renal survival were the presence of native anti-DNA antibodies, microscopic hematuria, leukocyturia and the presence of a proliferative class. The factors of poor prognosis were renal failure, lymphopenia, nephrotic syndrome, glomerular sclerosis, arteriosclerosis, interstitial infiltration and tubular atrophy. Conclusion: The risk conferred by nephropathy is greater for proliferative glomerulonephritis; it is also correlated with the presence of persistent nephrotic syndrome or severe renal failure.

Le diverticule de Zenker est une pathologie rare et généralement bénigne. Sa présence chez le malade en hémodialyse a des implications thérapeutiques et pronostiques et constitue un facteur de risque de morbi-mortalité du fait de ses complications comme la dénutrition protéino-énergétique et la pneumopathie. Nous rapportons le cas d´un diverticule de Zenker diagnostiqué chez une patiente hémodialysée chronique. Il s´agissait d´une patiente âgée de 61 ans, qui était reçue pour une hémorragie digestive haute accompagnée d´une dysphagie. L´examen physique trouvait une altération de l´état général avec une perte de poids estimée à 5 kg en 3 mois. Le transit œsogastroduodénal objectivait un refoulement de la portion cervicale de l´œsophage par une volumineuse image d´addition hétérogène dont le pôle supérieur se situe au niveau de la jonction pharyngo-œsophagienne. Le diagnostic d´un diverticule de Zenker avait été retenu. Une diverticulectomie par voie cervicale externe avait été réalisé. La patiente est décédée dans les suites postopératoires précoces d´une pneumopathie d´inhalation. Le diverticule de Zenker est une pathologie rare qui est généralement bénigne mais sa présence chez le malade hémodialysé chronique augmente sa morbi-mortalité.

Introduction Progressive ultrafiltration (UF) could improve IDH. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of progressive UF in the management of IDH. Methods This randomized clinical trial in two groups: interventional group A (UF, n = 12) and control group B (n = 12), was conducted in chronic hemodialysis patients with IDH. A first phase of cross-sectional collection of BP before and after dialysis, during 2 weeks, made it possible to obtain this cohort of 24 patients. A progressive decrease in basal weight of 0.25 kg per session as a function of hemodynamic tolerance was achieved in group A. The primary endpoint, the proportion of patients with disappearance of IDH, was assessed at baseline end of the 4th and 8th week. Results At the 4th week, the IDH disappeared in 83.3% and 41.7% of the patients of the group A and B respectively with a hazard ratio (HR) at 0.29; IC 95 = [0.14-0.59]; p = 0.035. At the 8th week, the IDH was missing in 72.7% and 66.7% of the patients of the group A and B respectively with a HR at 0.76; IC 95 = [0.58-1.00]; p = 0.75. In addition, the decrease in basal weight was associated with the occurrence of side effects (p = 0.0001) with a HR of 5 [1.45-7.27]. UF discontinuation was required in 4 patients in group A (36.4%). Conclusion Progressive UF was associated with a significant reduction in the prevalence of IDH in our patients at week 4.

Introduction: Hemodialysis is a renal replacement technique that uses extracorporeal blood circulation (ECC) to purge the blood of patients with renal failure. It is used urgently in severe acute kidney injury (AKI) and complicated end stage renal disease (ESRD). The objective of this work was to determine the prevalence of each indication of emergency hemodialysis and its prognosis. Methods: We conducted a prospective, mono-centric study of descriptive and analytical type over a period of 6 months at the hemodialysis center of Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital. All patients with acute or chronic renal failure who underwent hemodialysis during an emergency were included. These emergencies were for the AKI or Chronic Kidney disease (CKD) the existence of one or more severity criteria: pulmonary œdema, hyperkalemia, severe metabolic acidosis, poorly tolerated uremia, persistent anuria and / or symptomatic hyponatraemia. Results: Eighty-one emergency hemodialysis patients were received during the study period out of a total of 660 hemodialysis patients serving a hospital prevalence of 12.2%. The mean age of the patients was 39.31 ± 18.78 years with a sex ratio of 1.02. The first indication of emergency hemodialysis was poorly tolerated uremia in 46 patients (56.7%) followed by threatening hyperkalemia with 43.2%. The evolution was highlighted by a complete recovery in 53% of patients with AKI whereas for patients with ESRD lifting the emergency was the rule. Fifteen patients (18.50%) had died, including 12 patients (14.80%) outside dialysis and 3 patients (3.75%) on dialysis. The occurrence of death was statistically correlated with hyperkalemia (p = 0.003) and metabolic acidosis (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Hemodialysis was performed urgently in 12.2% of cases. Poorly tolerated urine was the most common indication (56.7%). In the majority of cases we noted a good evolution with the emergency lifting. However we noted 15 deaths (18.5%).