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The paper aims to identify the connection between the enterprise's interest in the stakeholders and their mutual relationship. It examines whether stakeholders' opinions, priorities, needs, and goals influence the enterprise's decisions in managing sustainable relationships with buyers and suppliers. Additionally, it explores whether the knowledge regarding the stakeholders (such as their needs, opinions, etc.) affects the relationship between the enterprise and the stakeholders. Establishing a good, mutual, long-lasting, and sustainable relationship with stakeholders is an integral part of the value creation process and value management. The study first determines whether enterprises implement value management and then assesses the impact of buyers' and suppliers' opinions, priorities, and goals on the decision-making process in building these relationships. It also evaluates the strength of these relationships, where a stronger relationship indicates greater sustainability. The focus is on relationships with suppliers and buyers, with responses collected from 385 Slovak manufacturing enterprises. The analysis of how knowledge of stakeholders' needs, priorities, and goals impacts relationships with suppliers and buyers was conducted separately using the Shapiro–Wilk test, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and ANOVA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electronic or Internet commerce is the process of buying, selling, transferring, and exchanging products, services, or information through computer networks. With the rapid development of information technology, collaborative consumption supported by platforms is becoming attractive to consumers. It enables quick and straightforward communication, transmission of information over long distances, easy publication of various documents, and transactions via the Internet. The goal of every trading company is to understand each client individually and use this understanding to facilitate the customer’s decision to work with a specific company -rather than the competition. Online shopping is experiencing exponential growth and has many advantages compared to traditional shopping. Hence, the goal of the research is to examine the impact of modern electronic solutions on shopping. The research subject is related to determining the attitudes and decisions of consumers on the issue and making the final decision about the purchase using electronic services. The purpose of the research is to present a set of activities that affect the success of electronic commerce. From the comparative study of consumer behavior, the hypothesis was tested where H0 - electronic commerce has a significant impact on the behavior of consumers of this type of commerce. The research conclusions refer to the observation of variables that can be useful when making more effective decisions in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Real estate development is fraught with many uncertainties leading to serious shortages particularly of affordable housing for the majority of urban population. As a consequence, development developed a fairly innovative financing strategy – off plan sales. The strategy has emerged as an alternative source of finance, presenting developers with a chance to obtain funds from would-be buyers of the units in their proposed development. In spite of the huge significance of off-plan property sales and its growing popularity in the global platform, there is limited knowledge in this strategy as a financing option. The paper aims at sought to determining the challenges and constraints of off-plan property sales, as a financing strategy to the developers and as an investment to the property buyers and recommending appropriate mechanisms of enhancing it. Data was collected through a combination of different tools including questionnaires and key informant interviews. The study established that off-plan sales is an effective mode of financing real estate development since it generates significant savings on the cost of development, mainly through savings on interest to the tune of between 4% - 8.5% of the total cost of development. In the end, it emerged that the success of financing through off plan sales requires among others: establishment of an optimal mix in financing options; careful planning; early and vigorous marketing of the development; pre-qualification of potential off-plan buyers; the need for due diligence by buyers prior to purchase of the off-plan units; and the need for legal framework regulating off-plan sales.

This study analyzes the preferences and perceptions of consumers in e-marketplaces to design and guide sustainable business models based on economic, social, environmental, and technological dimensions. The results are based on a sample of 387 respondents to analyze the main reasons and benefits for using e-marketplaces, the preferences, and perceptions of consumers regarding sustainability dimensions in e-marketplaces, and the assessment of technological features of digital platforms. Using descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling (SEM), this study highlights the importance of e-marketplace business models and their customer-centric value propositions in effectively communicating and ensuring high levels of usability and stability in the digital platform. The findings underscore the importance of informing consumers about the benefits of participating in digital platforms, with particular emphasis on the technological and environmental dimensions, which emerged as the most influential factors in the development of a sustainable business model for e-marketplaces. However, the study also emphasizes the need not to overlook the economic and social dimensions, as they are crucial for maintaining a sustainable business model in the long run. In conclusion, this research provides valuable insights to guide e-marketplace business models towards sustainability based on the perspectives and contributions of consumers.

About the importance of food products, probably not much needs to be said. Regardless of the country, people's life is not possible without the consumption of food products. Like any other products, food products must have labels. The role of labels is basically the same as for any product: the label must inform the buyer or consumer about several aspects. An incomplete or incorrect label of a food product can lead to dangers for buyers or consumers. The interest in labeling food products all over the world is a big one, due to the importance of food products. And it is normal to be like that. In order to protect the consumer, all countries must have an appropriate legislative and institutional framework. Modern countries have these two tools necessary to defend the interests of their citizens, who are both buyers and consumers. The legislation of each country regulates which details must appear on the labels of food products. This reality has been reached in time, as a result of advances in consumer protection, especially consumer information. Practice shows that there are many problems caused by food labeling, and problems occur in all countries, regardless of their degree of development. The problem of irregularities encountered by consumers in the labelling of food products remains one of continued interest, at a global level.

Copyright of Jurnal Agroindustri Halal is the property of Universitas Djuanda and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

India's Assam silk products are well known and popular across the globe but have been facing stiff competition from numerous competitors. In this regard, there is a need to analyse the sustainable competitive advantages of Assam silk products to devise defensive strategies to sustain the age-old industry. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the sustainable competitive advantages of the Assam silk products from buyers' and sellers' perspectives. Data were collected from 200 sellers and buyers through a standardised structured questionnaire; namely, the Buyers' and Sellers' Agreement Scale (BSAS). We employed the one-sample and independent-sample t-tests for the data estimation. The findings indicated that the Assam silk products had different levels of sustainable competitive advantages that mainly included quality, geographical indications, designs, durability, customer loyalty, customer base, timely delivery, product differentiation, product uniqueness, and innovation. The findings were new because this was the first study that identified the sustainable competitive advantages of India's Assam silk industry, which occupies a significant position in the world. The study will benefit India's Assam silk industry in devising strategies to face the challenges in sustaining and growing its business for a long time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the main features of Incoterms® 2020, i.e., the International Chamber of Commerce rules for the use of domestic and international trade terms, which came into force on January 1, 2020. The International Chamber of Commerce revises the current Incoterms® rules every few years to eliminate vague and/or imprecise interpretations of the obligations of parties involved in the international trade. The revisions result in changes to existing terms and/or the introduction of new terms that help facilitate the flow of goods both domestically and internationally. Therefore, this paper aims to present the main features of the latest Incoterms® terms that are in force and are used in international trade. In addition, changes to previous Incoterms® terms are examined and presented in order to highlight key differences that may influence the choice of the relevant term. Particular attention has been paid to Incoterms® terms used in sea transport, as sea transport remains the dominant transport sector in the world trade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecuador is a country in which only a third of the municipalities classify their waste before it is collected by garbage collection services. The country generates 4.06 million metric tons of waste each year, which is constituted of 62% of organic, 25% of recyclable and 13% are of another type of wastes. Of this total, only 4% is recycled, diminishing the space for landfills and increasing the cost of solid waste management. For this reason, the need for urban solid waste recycling systems has become very important. A waste transfer station is an important component of a waste management system and functions as a link between a community´s solid waste collection program and the final waste disposition. The study area was Grand Guayaquil which is the conglomeration of Guayaquil city and its closed neighbor surrounding cities (Duran, Samborondon, and Daule) from the province of Guayas in Ecuador, where waste transfer stations are used to temporarily store, and classify nonhazardous recyclable waste, sold by informal waste pickers, for after commercialization to recycling facilities. The main objective of this paper was to gain more insights into the geo-location of waste transfer stations, together with the quantification and characterization of recyclable waste they store for further reselling in five different cities of the province of Guayas, Ecuador. By knowing the location of these waste transfer stations and the types of recyclable materials they accept, future research can design a reverse logistic system which includes the informal collection sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Management international / International Management / Gestiòn Internacional is the property of Management International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

About the importance of food products, probably not much needs to be said. Regardless of the country, people's life is not possible without the consumption of food products. Like any other products, food products must have labels. The role of labels is basically the same as for any product: the label must inform the buyer or consumer about several aspects. An incomplete or incorrect label of a food product can lead to dangers for buyers or consumers. The interest in labeling food products all over the world is a big one, due to the importance of food products. And it is normal to be like that. In order to protect the consumer, all countries must have an appropriate legislative and institutional framework. Modern countries have these two tools necessary to defend the interests of their citizens, who are both buyers and consumers. The legislation of each country regulates which details must appear on the labels of food products. This reality has been reached in time, as a result of advances in consumer protection, especially consumer information. Practice shows that there are many problems caused by food labeling, and problems occur in all countries, regardless of their degree of development. The problem of irregularities encountered by consumers in the labelling of food products remains one of continued interest, at a global level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article considers the role of the Internet as one of the channels for promoting products. The article is aimed at developing practical recommendations as to the organization of communication policy on the Internet through the creation of an online store, sales via marketplaces, also with the use of cashback. Modern trends of e-business are generalized, characterizations of online trading, its advantages for buyers and sellers are provided. It is proposed to organize interaction with customers in two sectors: marketplace and online store. The main features of the marketplace and the online store (from the point of view of sellers / suppliers) are systematized: the main goal, participants, interaction with buyers, the need to create a website, functionality, creating a profile, control, product range, price regulation, advertising costs, working conditions, earnings, the ability to develop systems of repeated sales, the number of sellers. The main disadvantages in operating a marketplace and an online store (either from the point of view of sellers or from the point of view of buyers) are considered. The article generalizes the procedure for organizing a communicative policy on the Internet (through the store’s website), which envisages: creating an online store, interacting with customers through the online store sales. The procedure for organizing a communicative policy on the Internet (through the marketplace) is described, including: entering the marketplace, selling products to buyers, paying a commission for the products sold and paying a standard monthly fee for using the platform. It is recommended to form a communication policy using the cashback service and the following technology: registration in the cashback service, carrying out the purchase of products through the cashback service catalog (by links), transferring data about the purchase of an online store or marketplace, payment of cashback service commission, payment of cashback to the buyer. The main shortcomings of cashback (from the point of view of sellers and from the point of view of cashback services) are considered, which include the taxation of cashback in the amount of 19.5% for individuals and VAT, provided that both participants of the bonus program are legal entities. The main disadvantages of cashback from the position of buyers are considered.

While numerous studies have addressed the issue of price formation in first-sale fish markets, little is known about the purchasing decisions of buyers. Using exhaustive data on 11.7 million transactions made in 2021 and 2022 by 1955 buyers in France, we provide an unsupervised classification that reveals the heterogeneous behavior of buyers in terms of quantity purchased, average price paid, number of markets visited, and type of transaction. The results of a hierarchical agglomeration cluster analysis led to eight buyer groups. We show that there are a small number of very active buyers, both at auction and over-the-counter, who purchase daily in large quantities and at many different markets, and whose main activity is wholesale. We find that the price-quantity elasticity values for first sales are very low, but the price paid by large buyers is even less sensitive to quantity than that observed for other buyer groups. • Analysis of the purchasing decisions of buyers active in French first-sale fish markets. • Classification of 1955 buyers involved in 11.7 million transactions into eight groups. • Two small groups include big buyers purchasing large quantities of fish. • The price-quantity elasticity is small for all buyer groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the paper is to investigate the impact of governance on supply chain performance. Two dimensions of governance: contractual and relational and its simultaneous interplay called ambidextrous governance were considered. The study presents alternatives models from buyer and supplier perspectives. The analysis is based on Computer Assisted Telephone Interviews among buyers and suppliers from manufacturing companies. For the model development structural equation modelling was applied. The obtained results confirmed that supply chain performance is impacted by relational governance from both buyer and supplier perspectives; contractual governance influences the supply chain performance in case of suppliers and there is a second-order construct called ambidextrous governance confirming interplay or relational and contractual governance when impacting supply chain performance from supplier’s perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Industrial Relations / Relations Industrielles is the property of Universite Laval, Department of Industrial Relations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper aimed to study the purchase habits and behavior of the young generation regarding consumption of organic products. For this purpose, literature in the field was studied regarding the EU organic production and consumption. In order to determine the young Romanian consumers' perception concerning the organic products, a field survey based on a questionnaire was run during March -June 2021 on a sample consisting of 191 students from Sibiu and Brăila. Organic agriculture is a dynamic system in Romania, registering in the last 10 years an ascending trend, from 182,706 ha in 2010 to 468,887.05 ha in 2020. The organic products are consumed by the 90.6 % of the young people investigated (173 persons). They purchased organic products mainly form local markets (81.15%), super (80 %) or hypemarket (70.1%). Also, an amount of 66 % respondents use to buy organic products from specialised stories. The young generation believes that the most effective way to promote the consumption of organic products are: events organised in hyper or supermarket, specialised fairs for organic products, events like "open doors" at ecological operators. The students who were part of the target group of this study are in the category of well-informed consumers. They know how to recognize organic products by the existing marks on the packaging (69.6%). Young people say the main qualities of organic products are: healthy (93.2%), tasty (71.2%), contain fewer chemicals (61.8%), improve quality of life (51.3%), do not contain synthetic additives (48.7%). At the same time, organic products protect the environment (45%), support family farming (40.3%) and the local economy (40.3 %). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three years after implementation of Real Estate Regulation Act across the country it was essential to know its impact amongst over its stakeholders. This study argues to know the opinions of real estate stakeholders regarding adoption and implementation of RERA. As disciplined regulations are always appreciable but survival of lower and middle level players is also necessary for the growth of this sector. It may also help the real sector to increase transparency and enhance consumers & investors confidence. Here a pilot survey was carried out in the aforesaid regard to get an idea from stakeholders including Builders, Buyers, Engineers & Architect, Chartered Accountants and Real Estate Agents regarding implementation of RERA. In this study an attempt is made to explore the key indicators that reflect the ranking and ease of doing business in terms RERA. The study is related to the real estate business in Jalgaon district of Maharashtra state. It covers the overview of the business across the Jalgaon city and over a radius of 50 Kms including various talukas like Bhusawal, Amalner and Jamner etc. It also analyzes those parameters to examine for ranking, appropriateness of implemented clauses & challenges faced by the stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The possibility of using ABC and XYZ analysis to systematize customers by degree of reliability by group positions has been presented. The approach of vector work with customers has been proposed, which implies the assessment of receivables by means of their ranking by key criteria, identifying those, who are less exposed to the risk of default on money. The basis for the implementation of the formulated information base can be used when building an evaluation card of buyers - debtors for taking specific measures for business development.

The Polish Act on Counteracting the Unfair Use of Superior Bargaining Power in the Trade in Agricultural and Food Products was adopted on 15 December 2016 and entered into force on 12 July 2017. The new legal framework resembles, in some places, the legal rules contained in the 2007 Act on Competition and Consumer Protection, elsewhere resembles the 1993 Act on Combating Unfair Competition. Therefore, the article reviews the new Polish provisions taking into account the previous system including the prohibition of the abuse of a dominant position and the prohibition of unfair competition. This publication is intended to point out the peculiarities that characterize the new provisions. Readers will find here an assessment of recent Polish developments and suggestions for further development of the Polish legal framework in the EU context. In particular, the review critically analyses some solutions of the 2018 EU draft Directive on unfair trading practices in business-to-business relationships in the food supply chain and shows what amendments to the Polish legal framework will be needed, if the Directive is adopted in the current version.

Proses pelarasan gamalan Banjar sangat berkaitan antara pemesan dan pelaras gamalan Banjar. Pemesan yang menginginkan gamalan Banjar memiliki kreteria sendiri terhadap gamalan yang akan dibuatnya melalui pelaras gamalan Banjar. Komponen yang mempengaruhi pemesan dalam membuat gamalan Banjar adalah modal budaya, selera, kedekatan timbre suara, dan kekuatan kapital yang dimilikinya.sedangkan pelaras gamalan Banjar memiliki pengetahuan atas pembentukan tumbang antar bilahan nada yang berdasarkan pada karateristik rasa musikal budayanya. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif sebagai metode utama dalam upaya mengumpulkan informasi dan data lapangan yang di dapatkan pada saat pengumpulan data. Metode kuantitatif juga digunakan sebagai metode bantu untuk menghitung dan memvalidasi data frekuensiyang didapatkan dari instrumen gamalanBanjar yang ada di lapangan, sehingga peneliti bisa mendapatkan gambaran jelas. Kerangka konseptual yang berdasarkan pada pengetahuan emperis pemesan dan pelaras GamalanBanjar menjadi dasar analisis untuk mengungkap hubungan antara pemesan dan pelaras gamalan Banjar. Perbedaan ini tergambar jelas pada frekuensi bilahan nada-nada gamalan Banjar, sedangkan jangkah dan gembyangannya tidak mengalami perubahan yang signifikan. Perbedaan frekuensi bilahan nada tersebut dilandasi oleh timbre suara dalang yang berbeda-beda. gamalan Banjar yang telah selesai dilaras akan menjadi representatif pemiliknya. Caruk dan payau menjadi penanda kualitas hasil dari hubungan antara pemesan dan pelaras gamalan Banjar. ABSTRACT Within the process of gamelan Banjar tuning, the relationship between the buyers and the tuner of gamelan Banjar is taken into account. The buyers who order gamelan Banjar must have their criteria toward the gamalan which is going to be produced by the tuner of gamelan Banjar. The components that are taken into consideration by the buyers when ordering gamelan Banjar is the cultural principle, taste, the proximity of voice timbre, and the finance capability they possess. Furthermore, the tuner of gamelan Banjar has a cognition in contriving the strides within the frequency of tone keys which based on the characteristics of its cultural music taste. The researcher utilizes qualitative method as the primary method in collecting information and data on the field in the stage of data collection. The quantitative method as a secondary method here is used to assist the researcher in calculating and validating the frequency of the data collected from gamelan Banjar instrument which is present on the field so he could get a clearer picture. A conceptual framework which is based on the empirical knowledge about the buyers and the tuner of gamelan Banjar becomes the basis of the analysis to uncover the relationship between the buyer and tuner of gamelan Banjar. This distinction is clearly illustrated in the frequency of tones keys of gamelan Banjar, whereas the stride and its gembyangan do not change significantly. The differences in the frequency of the tone pitches rely on the varied voice timbre of the mastermind. gamelan Banjar who has completed tuned will be the representative owners. Caruk and payau become a mark of quality results from the relationship between the buyer and the tuner of gamelan Banjar.

Today, virtually the entire globe is under lockdown and this has not only affected the business but also the people who manage these businesses. Each one of us are experiencing somethings which we had never dreamt of. Project Management professional and teams managing projects are no different. We all have been focusing on the iron triangle – Cost, Quality and Time aspects of the project and working on the plans to minimize the effect, manage the project deliveries and implement the mitigation plans to eliminate/reduce the adverse impact of Covid19. While most of us have been working on managing the risks, the changes that impact our projects mainly clubbed with the forces at interplay have added yet another important dimension – Human Dimension. This paper is based on the observations and discussions with the Project Managers (PMs), Design Engineers, Site Engineers, Contractors and other Stakeholders. It attempts to highlight the need for focusing on managing the changes and presents a new dimension - the changes affecting the project team members. People are the backbone for any business and undoubtedly, the most important resource for the projects. The paper dwells with the major areas of concern for the project team members especially those for the construction projects and suggestions/recommendations to manage the changes and help the team members to stay calm, composed and unruffled by the havoc caused by the unprecedented event - COVID19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When second-price auctions have been conducted in the laboratory, most of the observed bids have been “overbids” (bids that exceed the bidder’s value) and there are very few underbids. Few if any of the subjects in those experiments had any prior experience bidding in auctions. We report on sealed-bid second-price auctions that we conducted on the Internet using subjects with substantial prior experience: they were highly experienced participants in eBay auctions. Unlike the novice bidders in previous (laboratory) experiments, the experienced bidders exhibited no greater tendency to overbid than to underbid. However, even subjects with substantial prior experience tend not to bid their values, suggesting that the non-optimal bidding of novice subjects is robust to substantial experience in non-experimental auctions. A key determinant of bidding behavior was whether a subject had ever been a seller on eBay.