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1. The potential of classic and specific bioelectrical impedance vector analysis for the assessment of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity

Author

Marini E, Buffa R, Saragat B, Coin A, Toffanello ED, Berton L, Manzato E, and Sergi G

Subjects
aging, body composition, BIVA, DXA, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6
Abstract

Elisabetta Marini,1 Roberto Buffa,1 Bruno Saragat,1 Alessandra Coin,2 Elena Debora Toffanello,2 Linda Berton,2 Enzo Manzato,2 Giuseppe Sergi21Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; 2Department of Medicine-DIMED, Geriatrics Section, University of Padua, ItalyPurpose: The aim of this paper is to investigate whether bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) can be a suitable technique for the assessment of sarcopenia. We also investigate the potential use of specific BIVA as an indicator of sarcopenic obesity.Subjects and methods: The sample comprised 207 free-living elderly individuals of both sexes, aged 65 to 93 years. Anthropometric and bioelectrical measurements were taken according to standard criteria. The “classic” and “specific” BIVA procedures, which respectively correct bioelectrical values for body height and body geometry, were used. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used as the reference method for identifying sarcopenic and obese sarcopenic individuals. Bioelectrical and DXA values were compared using Student’s t-test and Hotelling’s T2 test, as well as Pearson’s correlation coefficient.Results: According to classic BIVA, sarcopenic individuals of both sexes showed higher values of resistance/height (R/H; p < 0.01) and impedance/height (Z/H; p < 0.01), and a lower phase angle (p < 0.01). Similarly, specific BIVA showed significant differences between sarcopenic and nonsarcopenic individuals (men: T2 = 15.7, p < 0.01; women: T2 = 10.7, p < 0.01), with the sarcopenic groups showing a lower specific reactance and phase angle. Phase angle was positively correlated with the skeletal muscle mass index (men: r = 0.52, p < 0.01; women: r = 0.31, p < 0.01). Specific BIVA also recognized bioelectrical differences between sarcopenic and sarcopenic obese men (T2 = 13.4, p < 0.01), mainly due to the higher values of specific R in sarcopenic obese individuals.Conclusion: BIVA detected muscle-mass variations in sarcopenic individuals, and specific BIVA was able to discriminate sarcopenic individuals from sarcopenic obese individuals. These procedures are promising tools for screening for presarcopenia, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity in routine practice.Keywords: aging, body composition, BIVA, DXA

Published
2012

3. Phase diagram of 3D SU(3) gauge-adjoint Higgs system

Author

Bronoff, S., Buffa, R., and Altes, C. P. Korthals

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Thermally reduced QCD leads to three dimensional SU(3) gaugefields coupled to an adjoint scalar field $A_0$. We compute the effective potential in the one-loop approximation and evaluate the VEV's of $TrA_0^2$ and $TrA_0^3$. In the Higgs phase not only the former, but also the latter has a VEV. This happens where the SU(3) gauge symmetry is broken minimally with U(2) still unbroken. It is plausible that in the Higgs phase one has a transition for large enough Higgs selfcoupling to a region where $TrA_0^3$ has no VEV and where the gaugesymmetry is broken maximally to $U(1)\times U(1)$., Comment: Contributing paper to the proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Thermal Field Theories and their Applications, Regensburg, Germany, August 10-14, 1998. Corrected typos, changes in wording

Published
1998

4. Thermal Gauge Theory, Effective Action and Z(N) Symmetry

Author

Bronoff, S., Buffa, R., and Altes, C. P. Korthals

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

One of the salient features of high temperature gluodynamics is the Z(N) groundstate degeneracy, key to the understanding of the transition. On the other hand impressive progress has been obtained with effective theories, that seemingly lack Z(N) symmetry. We give a simple unified desciption of the two. As a very useful byproduct we get a natural infrared regulator and show its expediency by calculating the next to leading order in the Debye mass. Higher order corrections to bulk free energy and domainwall surface tension are discussed., Comment: 10 pages including figures, LaTeX, uses epsfig and sprocl2

Published
1998

5. Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) for the assessment of two-compartment body composition

Author

Buffa, R., Mereu, E., Comandini, O., Ibanez, M.E., and Marini, E.

Subjects
Body composition -- Health aspects, Impedance, Bioelectric -- Health aspects, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

This review is directed to define the efficacy of bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) for assessing two- compartment body composition. A systematic literature review using MEDLINE database up to 12 February 2014 was performed. The list of papers citing the first description of BIVA, obtained from SCOPUS, and the reference lists of included studies were also searched. Selection criteria included studies comparing the results of BIVA with those of other techniques, and studies analyzing bioelectrical vectors of obese, athletic, cachectic and lean individuals. Thirty articles met the inclusion criteria. The ability of classic BIVA for assessing two-compartment body composition has been mainly evaluated by means of indirect techniques, such as anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Classic BIVA showed a high agreement with body mass index, that can be interpreted in relation to the greater body mass of obese and athletic individuals, whereas the comparison with BIA showed less consistent results, especially in diseased individuals. When a reference method was used, classic BIVA failed to accurately recognize FM% variations, whereas specific BIVA furnished good results. Specific BIVA is a promising alternative to classic BIVA for assessing two-compartment body composition, with potential application in nutritional, sport and geriatric medicine. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2014) 68, 1234-1240; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2014.170; published online 20 August 2014, INTRODUCTION Normal ageing involves variations of body mass and composition (1-3) that expose elderly individuals to the risk of protein-energy malnutrition (4) and have a role in the pathogenesis of [...]

Published
2014
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17. Variations of somatotype in elderly Sardinians

Author

Buffa, R., Succa, V., Garau, D., Marini, E., and Floris, G.

Subjects
Sardinians -- Health aspects, Aged -- Health aspects, Somatotypes -- Analysis, Biological sciences
Abstract

A description on the age-related variations of somatotype in a cross-sectionalsample of healthy elderly subjects from Sardinia, Italy is provided. The results show a dominance of the endo- and mesomorphic components in the elderly subjects, with less development of ectomorphy than in younger individuals.

Published
2005

31. New specific bioelectrical impedance vector reference values for assessing body composition in the Italian-Spanish young adult population

Author

Ibáñez, Me, Mereu, E, Buffa, R, Gualdi, Emanuela, Zaccagni, Luciana, Cossu, S, Rebato, E, and Marini, E.

Subjects
index, Adult, Male, Fat-free mass, analysis biva, nutritional-status, phase-angle, age, percentage, sex, Adolescent, Anthropometry, Age Factors, Ambientale, Reproducibility of Results, White People, Young Adult, Italy, Reference Values, Spain, Body Composition, Electric Impedance, Humans, Female
Abstract

Specific bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (spBIVA) is a recently proposed technique for the analysis of body composition. The aim of this study was to apply spBIVA to a sample of Italian and Spanish young adults and to define the new bioelectrical references for this Western Mediterranean population.A sample of 440 individuals (220 from Italy, 220 from Spain; 213 men, 227 women) aged 18-30 years was considered. Anthropometric (height, weight, relaxed upper arm, waist, and calf girths) and bioelectrical (resistance, reactance; 50 kHz, 800 μA) measurements were taken. In order to verify the need for new references, specific bioelectrical values were compared to the reference values for U.S. adults and Italian elderly by tolerance ellipses and Student's t test.The mean specific bioelectrical values (resistivity, Rsp, and reactivity, Xcsp, Ohm·cm) were: Rsp (332.7 ± 41.7 Ω·cm), Xcsp (44.4 ± 6.8 Ω·cm), Zsp (335.6 ± 41.9 Ω·cm) and phase (7.6 ± 0.8°) in men; Rsp (388.6 ± 60 Ω·cm), Xcsp (43.7 ± 7.5 Ω·cm), Zsp (391.0 ± 60.3 Ω·cm) and phase (6.4 ± 0.7°) in women. Italo-Spanish bioelectrical vectors were mainly distributed (90%) in the lower part of the tolerance ellipses for U.S. young adults, due to a shorter impedance (P 0.001), indicative of a lower percent fat mass. Compared to Italian elders, they were mainly located in the left side (90%), due to a higher phase (P 0.001), indicative of higher body cell mass.These population and age-related differences indicate the need for new specific tolerance ellipses that can be used as references for assessing body composition in young adults from Western Mediterranean populations.

Published
2014

32. Comportamento agronomico di quattro nuovi portinnesti ibridi pesco x mandorlo in un impianto ad alta densità in Sicilia

Author

Buffa, R., La Mantia, M., Bono, R., ROSSANO MASSAI, Caruso, T., Buffa, R, La Mantia, M, Bono, R, Massai, R, and Caruso, T

Subjects
Peach x almond hybrid, Prunus persica, Settore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni Arboree, Fruit quality, peach, rootstock, Prunus dulcis x P. persica hybrids, production efficiency, high density planting system, quality fruit, Rootstock breeding, High density plantings, Yield efficiency
Abstract

The present study was aimed to evaluate the agronomic behavior of different rootstocks, recently licensed by the Dipartimento di Coltura e Difesa delle Specie Legnose of the University of Pisa, and tested in a high density planting system (2220 trees/ha). Trials were carried out in an experimental orchard established by the Dipartimento di Colture Arboree of the University of Palermo and located in Sicily (Sciacca – Agrigento – 150 m a.s.l.). The observations were carried out on clonal rootstocks: I.S. 5/8 (Polluce); I.S. 5/19 (Castore); I.S. 5/23; I.S. 5/29 and GF 677 grafted at dormant bud with the low chill requirement cultivar “Tropic Snow”. The orchard was established in 2004, trees were spaced 4,5 m x 1 m a part and trained at “V” shape. In the three-year period 2006-2008 phenological, morphological, biometrical and ecophysiological traits were studied. Plants grafted onto clones of the I.S. series resulted less vigorous than those grafted onto GF 677. The highest levels of production/tree were observed in GF 677, however, in relation to the different development of the trunk cross section area (TCSA), differences statistically significant in terms of production efficiency among the various graft combinations were observed. The highest average fruit weight was observed in plants grafted onto I.S. 5/29, while the rootstock I.S. 5/23 induced a greater scalarity of maturation. Despite the young age of plants, some of the I.S. series rootstocks seemed to help to overcome some agronomic limitations produced by GF 677, with particular reference to vegetative growth and fruit quality. Observations carried out on the effects of water stress showed that plants grafted onto GF 677 attained values of water potential less negative and maximum assimilation rates higher than plant grafted onto I.S. series rootstocks. Among I.S. clones, more intense levels of water stress were detected in Castore and I.S. 5/23, while a more moderate stress was observed in I.S. 5/29 and Polluce; results also confirmed by measurements on the photosynthetic activity.

Published
2009

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