Search

Yiwei decoction (YWD) is a classic prescription with the function of nourishing stomach yin. In this study, the effective components of antioxidant activity of YWD and its possible mechanism were discussed from the point of view of spectral effect relationship and network pharmacology. Firstly, the fingerprints of 10 batches of YWD were established by UPLC‐PDA technique, and the 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picryl‐hydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging rate and total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC) were used as the indicators for antioxidant activity in vitro. Then, the spectral effect relationship between the fingerprint profiles and antioxidant capacity was analyzed through grey relational analysis (GRA) and orthogonal projections to latent structures (OPLS). In addition, network pharmacology was employed to predict the potential mechanisms of YWD in the treatment of antioxidant‐related diseases. The spectrum‐effect relationship indicated that three common peaks were likely to be the most decisive active components, identified as verbascoside, psoralen, and vitexin, respectively. Based on network pharmacology analysis, a total of 83 target genes shared by the active components and antioxidant‐related diseases were collected. AKT1, HSP90AA1, SRC, CASP3, and MTOR were closely related to antioxidant therapy and considered as core therapeutic targets. The potential mechanisms of YWD were obtained through gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Finally, molecular docking simulations were conducted to evaluate the binding activities between the core therapeutic targets and corresponding compounds. The excellent core protein‐compound complexes obtained by molecular docking were simulated by molecular dynamics simulation. The results showed that the active compounds had good binding ability with the selected targets. This study successfully identified the effective components of YWD and predicted the potential targets and pathways, which provided a new idea for the application of YWD in the treatment of antioxidant stress in the future. In addition, the potential active components provide valuable implications for drug screening of related diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates airborne bacterial and fungal communities in south-eastern Italy and Albania using advanced DNA-based techniques and compositional data analysis (CoDa). We assess the significance of airborne microbial communities, detailing our methodologies for site selection, sample collection, DNA extraction, and data analysis. Our results reveal distinct differences in microbial composition between the two regions, driven by local environmental factors. Specifically, Albanian samples showed higher abundances of bacterial species such as Rubellimicrobium roseum and Sphingomonas cynarae, while Italian samples were characterized by a prevalence of Truepera radiovictrix and Rubrobacter radiotolerans. In terms of fungi, Albanian sites exhibited greater abundance of Mycosphaerella tassiana, Aureobasidium pullulans, and Ascochyta herbicola. Aitchison distance-based dendrograms and principal component analysis (PCA) biplots, utilizing singular value decomposition, clearly delineated a geographical separation of microbial communities, underscoring the impact of regional atmospheric conditions on microbial composition. In the discussion, we interpret these findings in the context of regional environmental factors, highlighting their implications for understanding regional differences in airborne microbial communities. The conclusion emphasizes the effectiveness of advanced DNA techniques and CoDa in environmental microbiology, offering insights into how local environmental conditions shape microbial communities and suggesting directions for future research and public health considerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work introduces a Nafion‐coated copper(I) oxide nanoparticle electrode (Nafion/Cu2O/GC) designed for the electrochemical detection of methanol (CH3OH). The responses of the composite material toward CH3OH were enhanced by the selective permeation of CH3OH through the hydrophilic channels of the Nafion membrane in combination with the electroactivity of Cu2O nanoparticles. The sensor displayed a linear detection range of 0.33–100 mM CH3OH with a sensitivity of 0.17 μA·mM−1 and a detection limit (3 s/m) of 0.10 mM. It exhibited excellent reproducibility with a relative standard deviation of <5%. The sensor's practical applicability was demonstrated through recovery studies on hand sanitizer samples, achieving ca. 100% recovery. The sensor was further used to elucidate CH3OH adsorption on activated carbon, revealing that the process conforms to the Langmuir isotherm model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vodka constitutes a significant sector of Vietnam's alcohol industry, including both domestic and imported varieties. However, this diversity faces challenges from illegal imports and adulterated products, threatening consumer health and brand integrity. This study employs Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) to analyze 300 vodka samples from five brands collected across Hanoi. Significant variations were found in elemental compositions, with sodium concentrations ranging from 205.67 μg/L to 1269.24 μg/L and magnesium levels from 65.57 μg/L to 1453.34 μg/L. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the FTIR and ICP‐MS data effectively differentiated the samples, with the first two principal components explaining 84.78% and 73.02% of the total variance, respectively. The PCA plots revealed distinct chemical profiles, notably isolating Rocket Vodka. These findings enhance food safety enforcement, protect consumer rights, and preserve brand reputations. The study underscores the importance of advanced analytical tools in combating beverage adulteration, ensuring public health, and maintaining market integrity, offering a replicable model for similar research in other regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) as well as those of other noble metals show unique features that are not observed in bulk copper. Despite the enormous potential of CuNPs, their use is limited by their susceptibility to oxidation during and after synthesis. Here, an innovative method based on wet synthesis protocol was developed to produce an aqueous colloidal solution of CuNPs capped with Tween® 60 (Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate) capable of being stable and non-oxidised for several months. The CuNPs colloidal solution was tested for the detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) showing a detection limit of 10–11 M. This result may provide the basis for the design of a rapid, practical, and easy-to-use colorimetric sensor to detect H2O2 in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]