Search

While conspiracy theories have traditionally received attention from the Turkish public and political elite, recently, however, they have proliferated when explaining complex situations. This paper examines conspiracy theories in Turkey and the role of entertainment media, specifically the popular period drama, Payitaht: Abdülhamid, in mainstreaming conspiracy theories. Payitaht: Abdülhamid, as an ideological state apparatus, repurposes anti-Semitism as salient conspiracy theories by creating scapegoats and existential others. This paper argues that the state uses entertainment media to disseminate conspiracy theories and, in effect, endorses anti-Semitism. As a result, anti-Semitism has transformed from a marginal movement to a mainstream movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focused on the representation of minority groups on television, following the idea(l) that television as a mirror of society should convey a well-balanced representation of society. The current study extends previous research in that it analyses the potential for differences between regular broadcasters and streaming platforms, due to the latter's public commitments to diversity and inclusion. Our results reveal that on Dutch prime-time television and popular streaming platforms women and seniors are underrepresented, whilst sexual minorities are overrepresented on public broadcasters and ethnic minorities on all platforms. Furthermore, results revealed that public nor commercial broadcasters nor popular streaming platforms succeed in being a fully inclusive, diverse, equitable, and representative reflection of Dutch society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores how social capital and property regulations shape cultural producers' ability to own copyrights for the products they create. Because individual producers lack the resources required to develop and distribute their creations, they partner with large firms who demand the copyrights for products they invest in. I argue two types of social capital—status and partner substitutability—enable producers to own their creations by increasing their bargaining power over the firms they partner with. Moreover, I propose that different types of property regulations condition whether status or partner substitutability have a stronger role in producers' ownership outcomes. Analyzing all shows made for American television from 1956 to 1996, I show that increases in showrunners' status and number of broadcasters they collaborated with increased the probability they owned shows they produced. However, the effects of these social capitals were contingent on the property regulations showrunners operated under. These findings advance our understanding of the allocation of copyrights, the power dynamics between creators and firms, and the effects of social capital in cultural industries. They didn't have to pay me because I signed the contract. But is that right? I found out that these people were streaming my work, and they never had to ask me...They stole that from me. They just took it! (Dave Chappelle, The Unforgiven, 2021). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global streaming services' investment strategies in Europe have shifted the production landscape for scripted fiction. This article examines the commissioning patterns for scripted serial TV fiction through a comparative analysis of three small European markets: Flanders, Ireland and Norway. The analysis assesses the differences and similarities in the volumes of scripted fiction and how they evolved, focusing on the position of SVoD commissions in the total volumes based on a dataset of 411 unique titles and 609 title seasons of serial scripted fiction released between 2016 and 2023. It reveals that different economic and cultural contexts modulate global streamers' investments in local content, which in turn are an essential facet of global streamers' localization strategies in Europe. Our findings contribute to a more nuanced understanding of SVoD localization strategies within European markets, contextualizing the variations in investment and production patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European video-on-demand (VoD) market has grown rapidly over the past decade, but differences across European nations persist. While the US-based globally operating players Netflix, Amazon and Disney+ dominate the subscription video-on-demand (SVoD) market, VoD services emerging from the legacy media industries and funded by means other than subscription shaped the early development of the European VoD market. This article maps and compares the development of the VoD market within the European Union with a focus on the idiosyncrasies in uptake and offer of VoD in different countries. Building on previous studies of national media systems, the article develops four comparative dimensions for the case of the European VoD market and operationalizes them using quantitative data from the European Audiovisual Observatory (EAO) and Eurostat from the period 2016–22. The comparative data analysis results in a grouping of countries, according to similar levels of market penetration and diversity of catalogue and content offers, while accounting for differences in size, concentration in the SVoD market and levels of market intervention within these clusters. These four types of VoD market development offer a contextualization to nation or service-specific case studies of players in the European market and a basis for hypotheses to explain these differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the examples of Versailles, a series co-produced by Capa Drama with the Quebec company Incendo and Zodiak Fiction for Canal+, and No Man's Land, a Franco-Belgian-Israeli co-production produced for Arte France and the US platform Hulu, this article aims to compare two different dimensions of the globalisation of the series market and the integration of French producers and broadcasters into this new transnational creative ecosystem. The challenge for the production of Versailles was to bring the French heritage series up to the standards of the English-speaking world while promoting French producers' financial and artistic creativity in launching series with distinctive stories onto a global market. For No Man's Land, however, the challenge was to produce a cosmopolitan series, featuring several cultural areas and a multilingual cast. Whether in terms of the broadcasters' globalisation strategy or in terms of the creative or even cross-cultural challenges raised by the production process, both experiences are representative of the way series are emerging today as a laboratory of audiovisual 'glocalisation'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigates the dual impact of second screening on television viewing in Blantyre, Malawi, exploring the challenges it poses to traditional viewing practices and the opportunities it presents for broadcasters. Based on the Distraction-Conflict and Uses and Gratification theories, the study examines how second screening, the simultaneous use of secondary devices during television watching, affects viewer attention and engagement. Utilising qualitative methodologies, including focus groups and in-depth interviews, the research gathered insights from a diverse demographic in Blantyre. The analysis uncovered that second screening often leads to fragmented attention and reduced engagement with television content, posing significant challenges for content creators and broadcasters. However, the study also highlights potential opportunities for leveraging second screening to enhance viewer engagement, particularly through interactive content and social media integration. These opportunities suggest innovative strategies for broadcasters to reclaim viewer attention and foster a more participatory viewing experience. The findings of this study offer valuable implications for media producers, suggesting that embracing the complexities of second screening can lead to more engaging and immersive content strategies. Furthermore, this research contributes to the understanding of media consumption dynamics in Malawi, providing a foundation for future studies in similar contexts where digital and traditional media intersect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rooting, defined as a spectator's demonstrative encouragement of a contestant's effort, ideally has the morally positive aspects of benevolent concern and helpfulness but in practice strains against reasonable standards of conduct by being rude, excessively biased, exploitative, fanatical, and superstitious. Rooting may activate an atavistic, morally cogent sense of fighting for one's group that is at odds with the universalism of civilized morality. The 'merely play' excuse can cut both ways, deflecting moral objections but also removing moral credit from rooting. Although rooting is often not humane, humane rooting can occur and is supported by humane commentary by sports participants, broadcasters, and journalists. Humane rooting supports the premise of benevolence theories (Mengzi, Hutcheson) that morally ideal benevolence has a foothold in an innate general benevolence – seen in this area especially in benevolence toward efforts. Being partisan, excited, and demonstrative, rooters cannot perfectly embody 'universal calm benevolence', but they can consciously minimize the inhumane aspects of rooting and achieve a more fully prosocial satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the determinants of television viewership and its relation to broadcasters' choices of matches for live telecasts. Also, factors driving the broadcasters' choices were examined. A panel data set from the 2018 Korea Baseball Organization league pennant race was analyzed. Broadcasters' choice order of matches and the actual television ratings of each match were regressed on a series of antecedent factors related to the game characteristics and audience preferences. It was found that the broadcasters' choice order of matches positively affected the television ratings, suggesting that the broadcasters' decisions were well reflected in the actual viewership. It also appeared that broadcasters' choices were based on popularity and team performance/quality, whereas viewers showed preference for current games' on-field performance. There was no evidence of audience preference for games with higher outcome uncertainty, whereas the broadcasters tended to choose games with more certain, rather than uncertain, outcomes. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the significance of On the Wire, a BBC local radio programme, that provides a unique lens through which to examine changes in local radio, music radio in general and public service broadcasting. The paper provides a concise history and an account of the On the Wire, along with an explanation of its impact. The paper offers reasons for the programme's enduring appeal, including its ability to change and adapt, its emphasis on the local in a global context and its innovative approach to audience participation. The paper concludes by positing that the history of On the Wire provides valuable insights for broadcasters in general, highlighting key aspects that radio programmes can learn from its approach. By showcasing the possibilities of what local radio, music radio and public service broadcasting can be, On the Wire sets a positive example for what radio can achieve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the rise of authoritarian trends in Hungary and in Poland, public broadcasters play a crucial role in supporting the political forces in power. There are many examples which show how public broadcasters influence public opinion by selective coverage and distorted remit. While the problem of media plurality is often commented upon from the perspective of fundamental rights or the rule of law, another relevant perspective is that of internal market and economic law. The article analyses how can one make sure that the use of public funds to support State media does not lead to the distortion of citizens' rights to be informed. The article argues that the current EU State Aid framework allows the balance of Member States' prerogatives in respect to media freedom and content with the risk of EU-imposed censure. The article analyses the place of media pluralism in EU law and demonstrates that media pluralism has been integrated within the internal market framework, including an analysis of recent amendments to the Audiovisual Media Services Directive. Then, it focuses on the relationship between media pluralism, public service broadcasting and EU State aid law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consumer loyalty is crucial to a company's performance and significantly influences its development trends. Customer trust and satisfaction form the foundation for establishing consumer loyalty, with perceived value, perceived quality, and service quality serving as prerequisites for gaining this trust and satisfaction. However, the extent to which live broadcasts can be effectively utilized for brand marketing to improve consumer loyalty has not been fully explored. Thus, this study aims to examine how live broadcasters and brand image can increase consumer loyalty. Based on 266 data surveys collected from live streaming users, our statistical analysis reveals that brand image and broadcaster influence are vital in promoting perceived value, perceived quality, and service quality to further increase customer trust and satisfaction, thereby enhancing consumer loyalty. Our findings also provide theoretical and practical insights into improving customer loyalty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anuario de la Sociedad Argentina de Historia de la Educación is the property of Argentinean Society of History of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The proximity (localness) of the reported events is closely correlated with their relevance to the audience of media reports--and so the fact that it may be "our business", that the thing may also affect us, becomes crucial to the decision to deal with the topic in question, but also to the way in which it is dealt with. In this article, we are interested in media conceptualisations of a crisis that is far away, that is "alien", "foreign", and thus cannot be narrated through reference to social and receptive experience. We look at the ways in which the exoticisation of distant places and events can be reduced, and thus at strategies for convincing the Polish audience that these are issues that are relevant and worthy of attention. We will look at whether the divisive, deeply political fractures in media narratives also apply to the storytelling about events on the other hemisphere, and whether the ideological filters common in Polish media are also imposed on what is unknown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subtitling quality is a rather slippery notion and its assessment in interlingual subtitling continues to present a challenge to subtitling trainers, broadcasters, language service providers and other stakeholders. Using unexplored data from a subtitling process research study by Orrego-Carmona et al. (2018), we examined the quality of interlingual English-to-Polish subtitles created by professionals and novices. First, we implemented Pedersen’s (2017) FAR model to assess the quality of subtitles created by the participants, predicting that professionals would achieve higher quality scores than novices. Then, we followed up the FAR model examination with a quantitative analysis of a set of quality parameters related to text condensation, which is considered a key skill in interlingual subtitling. Despite our hypotheses, professional subtitlers in our study did not gain higher scores in the FAR model analysis; they also made similar types of errors as novices. However, their expertise was demonstrated in better condensation skills. We have also discovered an interesting relationship between subtitlers’ age and their condensation skills. Our study may contribute to a fuller understanding of expertise in interlingual subtitling and provide subtitling trainers with clues about areas most problematic for students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gifted and talented students with an interest in technology can use their advanced cognitive abilities to create webinars and workshops, research presentations, artistic showcases, literary discussions in a variety of languages, digital portfolios, and community and club activities. With YouTube evolving into a primary source of information among teens, this article describes how students can create a four scene broadcast using Open Broadcaster Software Studio (OBS) and how to set up streaming on YouTube. The author concludes that OBS Studio can serve as a powerful medium for gifted and talented students to not only express their creativity and expertise but also to foster collaborative learning, engage with a wider audience, and make meaningful contributions to their educational community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Doxa Comunicación is the property of Fundacion Universitaria San Pablo - CEU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A burgeoning literature supports the effect of media coverage on public inflation expectations but ignores televised reports, particularly official TV news. Using bootstrap Granger non‐causality tests, this study demonstrates time‐varying causalities from the Chinese national broadcaster China Central Television (CCTV) reports to households' inflation expectations during 2014Q1–2015Q4 and 2017Q1–2018Q4 with positive effects. This indicates that official TV news leads inflation expectations. Furthermore, positive causalities from CCTV reports to the expectation heterogeneity also exist, thus meaning that more official reports may exacerbate the disagreement among households' expectations, thereby contributing to the macroeconomic instability. The content conflict is a possible reason for the positive effect of CCTV reports on the inflation expectation disagreement of households. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the Second World War was characterised by battles and intelligence networks, it also involved cases of treason and military legal processes – and South Africa was no exception. The South African involvement in the war produced high treason cases, but trials of those historical figures who worked “behind the scenes” are occasionally neglected within academic literature on the South African history surrounding the Second World War. An example of such is the case of high treason of four Afrikaner men accused of broadcasting propaganda from Radio Zeesen to South Africa in Afrikaans, with the aim of jeopardising the South African war effort. This propaganda was carried out strategically within the context of existing Afrikaner resistance against participation in the war. The four accused were Sidney Erich Holm, Jan Adriaan Strauss, Johannes Jacobus Snoek, and Michael Johannes Pienaar. This article focuses on the trials of the four men accused as a series of lesser-known cases in South African history. The aim of the article is to provide a historical narrative of the cases. After providing the necessary contextualisation, the positions of the prosecution and defence, as well as the verdicts of the trials will be outlined. The objective of this article is not to offer a detailed analysis of the criminal justice procedure or the laws surrounding the cases, but rather to make a historiographic contribution to an overlooked aspect of South African history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ABEI Journal: The Brazilian Journal of Irish Studies is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Estudos Irlandeses and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: In response to increasing competition for consumer attention, sport governing bodies have innovated short-format, action-oriented versions of traditional sports to attract new fans. This article explores how sport governing bodies (SGBs) manage the need for innovations to both conform to existing stakeholder expectations whilst offering novel benefits in comparison to competition (i.e. legitimate distinctiveness). Design/methodology/approach: Created by the English Cricket Board (ECB), The Hundred competition was used as a case study to explore the conformity-differentiation tension through a legitimacy lens using document and media analysis. Findings: Seven themes were created to explain how the ECB managed legitimacy tensions: rule modification, team creation, scheduling, game-day experience, broadcasting, gender equity and sponsorship. In each theme, differentiation and conformity were traded-off by the ECB to prioritise pragmatic legitimacy with broadcasters and sponsors. Practical implications: For sport management professionals, the Hundred demonstrates the commercial value of differentiating new sporting events from competitors via hybrid broadcasting partnerships, embedded gender equity and designing game-day experiences that attract hard-to-reach consumer demographics. Originality/value: SGBs must trade-off legitimacy between sources when innovating to survive, and when faced with conflicting expectations, commercial imperatives determined whether to conform or differentiate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on analyzing the Supreme Court's ruling in FCC v. Prometheus Radio Project, where the Court affirmed the FCC's authority to revoke media cross-ownership rules. Topics include the assertion that the Court overlooked normative concerns related to the public interest standard, which mandates broadcasters to operate in the "public interest, convenience, and necessity," and the argument that the FCC should revive this standard.

Stock-recruitment relationships for managing commercial fisheries are difficult to measure and notoriously poor, so marine ecologists have relied on larval recruitment as a proxy for how planktonic processes regulate populations and communities. However, my literature review revealed that coupling between reproductive output and recruitment in benthic populations was common, occurring in 62% of 112 studies and 64% of 81 species. Coupling was considerably stronger for studies on brooders (72%) than broadcast-spawners (46%) and taxa with short (74%) than long (56%) planktonic larval durations (PLDs); hence, it was highest for brooders with short PLDs (94%). Coupling was similar in studies on benthic animals (63%) and seagrasses and kelp (56%). Coupling was detected more often by quantifying both reproductive output and settlement (79%) than adult density and recruitment (60%). It also was detected in 83% of just 21% of studies that estimated dispersal. Coupling was even detected by 55% of the 46% of studies conducted at just one site and 58% of the 65% of studies lasting no longer than 3 years. Decoupling was detected 33 times in invertebrates and fishes, occurring more often in the plankton (48.5%) and during reproduction (45.5%) than after settlement (6%), and nine times in seagrasses and kelp, occurring more often during reproduction (44.4%) than postsettlement (33.3%) or in the plankton (22.2%). Widespread coupling between reproductive output and settlement for sedentary, benthic species suggests that the poor stock-recruitment relationships typical of vagile, wide-ranging, pelagic species may be due more to the difficulty of detecting them than decoupling.

Live streaming offers an unprecedented opportunity for content creators (broadcasters) to deliver their content to consumers (viewers) in real time. In a live stream, viewers may send virtual gifts (tips) to the broadcaster and engage with likes and chats free of charge. These activities reflect viewers' underlying emotion and are likely to be affected by the broadcaster's emotion. This article examines the role of emotion in interactive and dynamic business settings such as live streaming. To account for the possibility that broadcaster emotion, viewer emotion, and viewer activities influence each other, the authors estimate a panel vector autoregression model on data at the minute level from 1,450 live streams. The results suggest that a happier broadcaster makes the audience happier and begets intensified viewer activities, in particular tips. In addition, broadcasters reciprocate viewer engagement with more smiles. Further analyses suggest that these effects are pronounced only after a live stream has been active for a while, and they manifest only in streams by broadcasters who have more experience, receive more tips, or are more popular in past live streams. These results help platforms and broadcasters optimize marketing interventions such as broadcaster emotion enhancement in live streaming and quantify the financial returns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: ECommerce live streaming has enabled new forms of broadcasterviewer interaction, where broadcasters engage viewers in real time to sell goods and services. It is therefore critical to discover strategies to maximize viewer engagement with broadcasters. Method: A mixed methods approach was applied. Five strategies emerged from our qualitative observation of three famous broadcasters: establishing a personal brand essence, maintaining personal brand consistency, creating message credibility, tapping on shared attitudes, and maximizing customer responsiveness. Based on a signaling theory perspective, we then hypothesized about the five strategies and constructed a survey to examine the effectiveness of these strategies. A total of 505 valid responses were received, and CB-SEM with AMOS was utilized to test the five hypotheses, with three hypotheses supported. Results: Our findings demonstrate that message credibility, shared attitudes, and customer responsiveness play critical roles in enhancing viewers' engagement behaviors. Conclusion: Our mixed methods approach allows empirical exploration of effective engagement strategies and broadcaster-viewer interaction during eCommerce live streaming. This study thus contributes nascent knowledge to the live streaming literature, helping future research to develop possible theoretical perspectives. Our findings also provide actionable insights for broadcasters to enhance viewer engagement and boost sales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, rural tourism promoting has experienced unusual development opportunities due to the positive effects of live streaming. Despite the previous literature emphasizing the importance of rural tourism live streams, the current study investigates the interaction effect between different types of broadcasters and rural tours on potential tourists' travel intentions. Through a controlled experimental design with 194 participants, this study found that the congruence between broadcasters and rural tours significantly influences potential tourists' travel intentions. Specifically, when villager (vs. celebrity) broadcasters recommend local culture tours in live streaming, potential tourists' travel intentions are significantly higher, and this effect is mediated by internalization. On the other hand, when celebrity (vs. villager) broadcasters recommend natural ecology tours, potential tourists' travel intentions are significantly higher, and this effect is caused by identification. This study contributes to the literature on rural tourism and provides practical implications for tourism marketers and broadcasters seeking to maximize the effectiveness of their promotion in live streaming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Doxa Comunicación is the property of Fundacion Universitaria San Pablo - CEU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Intellectual property law generally rests on the assumption that markets will bring about an ideal allocation of resources. Nonetheless, United States copyright law remains riddled with regimes that bypass or restructure normal market licensing between copyright owners and distributors such as streaming services. radio stations, and libraries. This Article provides the first comprehensive account of this "law of dissemination," examining how a range of seemingly unrelated judicial doctrines, statutory safe harbors, and regulatory institutions together affect the relationship between copyright owners and the entities that disseminate creative works to the public. While these regimes are often treated as unintelligible historical relies, they reflect an important and underexplored aspect of copyright's policy agenda. This Article argues that copyright has a particular set of policy concerns related to the dissemination of creative works for the public's consumption, enjoyment, and personal use. Ill particular, four interrelated goals are reflected to varying degrees in copyright's many dissemination-regulating institutions: (1) facilitating exchanges in transaction cost-heavy contexts, (2) enabling more efficient and expansive public access to existing creative works, (3) reducing barriers to entry for innovative forms of distribution in concentrated markets, and (4) furthering distributive justice priorities. Identifying these four goals and examining how they permeate the copyright system is a necessary first step in remedying many of the problems currently faced by copyright's law of dissemination, particularly its increasingly outmoded, piecemeal and inconsistent regulatory design. By diagnosing these challenges and their potential roots, this Article provides grounding for assessing how copyright law can be reimagined to fit a world Of almost entirely digital dissemination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the linguistic features of the production of football commentary within its macrosocial contexts. It contrasts the communication of the TV production team during a football game with the live football commentary aired on TV. Applying a mixed methods analysis, it reveals how football commentary is prepared and produced in the technical setting of the commentator's booth in a stadium. This study reveals how a medial reality of the same events concerning a goal are broadcasted in the 11 min highlight video football commentary. The author and her co-principal investigator video recorded a total of 36 h in four work settings. Finally, retrospective interviews with the commentator and head of sports of the TV station place the study in the broader social context of football as a media production. In this paper, I show how live football reporting is prepared and conducted using two different theoretical and methodological frameworks: Conversation Analysis (CA) and Multimodal (Inter)action Analysis (MMIA). Both provide insight into the synthetic verbal, non-verbal and parallel actions for the successful production of the football commentary and they also reveal the sequential structure of naturally occurring talk (CA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers an account of Raffaella Carrà and Piero Ottone's 1986 interview with the worker Mario Varianti during the popular variety show Domenica In (Raiuno, 1976-). Giving special attention to its textual and contextual implications, the essay insists on the importance of the episode in recostructing the complex relationship between the Italian public service broadcaster (Rai) and labor issues (topics that rarely appear in the Italian literature of television studies). Furthermore, the purpose of this essay is to examine how, in the midst of the so-called "neotelevisione", this "case" seems to anticipate the technical-linguistic transformations of the TV medium, which will soon lead to what was subsequently called "TV-verità" for its intent to reconcile the entertainment with political talk, citizen service, and experimentation. This contribution is also concerned with understanding Carrà's stardom within the context of national political practice, bringing evidence to support that the year 1986 marked a full politisation of her star persona. Finally, and above all, I will try to show how this snapshot suggests that Carrà should be inscribed within a markedly political qualification, laying the foundations for a more in-depth analysis of the civic role and the social impact of such a multifaceted professional career. More specifically, this article focuses on the ways in which Carrà used her pivotal role - since she occupied a central position in the media system during the period taken in consideration (the late 1980s) - as a space for socially engaged action within the complex dynamics of the mediascape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to analyse what is described as the non-aesthetic within the discourse and consumption of sports, which emphasizes the entrepreneurial logic of its management culture. In particular, I address the growing importance of analytics in sports as well as the growth of sports gambling and daily fantasy sports, which are simulated forms of the non-aesthetic, and how each of these embodies the philosophy of neo-liberalism and its entrepreneurial ethos. These are contrasted with the sports as an aesthetic activity relying upon the writings of Immanuel Kant ([1790] 2000) to illustrate that, while analytics, sports gambling and daily fantasy sports can contribute towards the marketing potential of sports, particularly among younger demographics, these shifts come at the sacrifice of sports as a source of important cultural meaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of CIRCULO de Linguistica Aplicada a la Comunicacion is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Public broadcasting media are facing the need to reconnect with the younger audience, who are moving away from traditional TV consumption in favour of over-the-top (OTT) content. In the case of public media, this is happening in a context that involves the need for revalidation and the necessity to face the worldwide services challenge imposed by the strong specialization of OTTs. In Spain, political instrumentalization and financial problems are adding pressure to the chronically fragile media. This article addresses the strategies of public broadcasters in reconnecting with younger audiences. It focuses on the online offering of Playz directed at the youth market. Using a case analysis research strategy, the results show the absence of a clear strategy for Playz. The findings also indicate the lack of a clear definition of public service goals, although the content is consistent with Public Service Media (PSM) expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent COVID-19 health crisis has shone a spotlight on disinformation as the circulation of false information became more and more prominent. What the World Health Organization (WHO) has defined as an 'infodemic' poses a great risk for democracies and for society in general. In this context, public television channels, with their regional scope, actively participate in the fight against misinformation. This research aims to identify and classify the different verification initiatives and technological tools, as well as the different strategies and codes used in fact-checking tasks by European broadcasters belonging to the CIRCOM network. The methodology undertakes an exploratory approach and employs a questionnaire that is applied to a sample of the members of the network. Managers and professionals with executive profiles were asked about the management, operation and strategies used in the verification process. In light of the results obtained, it can be concluded that the current verification processes are based on human efforts, rather than technological tools, amounting to a total dependence on content curation by the writing teams in the newsroom. Thus, it is evidenced that in most cases, there is neither a specific department for verification, nor sufficient resources, despite the fact that all those surveyed regard disinformation as a priority issue, a threat to democratic integrity and a responsibility of public service media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under current rules, a television broadcaster is presumed to satisfy its obligation to air educational programming as long as it offers an average of three hours of self-described “educational” content each week.  I propose replacing this toothless presumption with one under which a broadcaster would be deemed to satisfy the obligation only if the broadcaster donates, in cash, to a qualifying educational nonprofit, the aggregate economic value of three weekly hours of television airtime.  The idea is to address an inconsistency that has undermined the traditional approach since its inception: the rules require broadcasters to air educational television because market forces would not otherwise create an adequate incentive for them to do so, but the same rules then rely on market forces to discipline broadcasters as they determine which programs are sufficiently “educational” in substance.  My proposal, by contrast, would strip unmotivated broadcasters of creative control, cash them out, and move the money instead to motivated nonprofits.  The burden placed on broadcasters would be the same as it is today; either way, the real cost to broadcasters is the lost opportunity to earn revenue on three hours of more profitable programming.  But the value created would be substantially more.  Broadcasters, in short, would no longer be told to provide educational television; they would simply be told to pay for it.