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This document is a response to an article by Elizabeth Edginton titled "Country house poetry of the English Civil War: a metaphorical exploration of contemporary debates in UK child and adolescent psychoanalytic psychotherapy research and an update on TIGA-CUB." The author, Ruth Schmidt Neven, addresses Edginton's comments and asserts that the Association of Child Psychotherapists (ACP) needs to be more supportive of research if they want randomized controlled trial (RCT) methodology to be more appropriate to their way of working. Schmidt Neven also discusses the need for child psychotherapy to reassess its focus and develop innovative theory and research. She argues that the RCT method lacks congruence with the nature of child psychotherapy and suggests using a qualitative conceptual orientation instead. Schmidt Neven criticizes Edginton's feasibility study for not considering the context of the problem and emphasizes the importance of a phenomenological and developmental perspective in research. She questions the applicability of a rigid evidence-based practice approach in the psychotherapeutic field and suggests that child psychotherapists become practitioner researchers within their workplace. The document concludes by mentioning that Schmidt Neven's surname is consistently misspelled in the paper. [Extracted from the article]

Due to the paucity of Royalist material that survived the first English Civil War, the Oxford newsbook Mercurius Aulicus , which ran almost continuously from January 1643 to September 1645, is an invaluable source for historians of the period. However, few scholars have examined the entire run of the journal in detail. This article's major theme is the extent to which evidence of factionalism among the king's most important advisers, civilian and military, can be deduced from the newsbook. It begins with an examination of the practical aspects of Aulicus 's publication, its editorial staff, its intended readership, the nature of its content and sources of intelligence, and the overall strategy and tactics it employed to convey its message, all of which is essential for an understanding of Aulicus 's position with regard to Royalist factionalism. The article then analyzes the journal's text for evidence of the divisions that plagued Royalist counsels during the first civil war. It concludes with an assessment of Aulicus 's representations of Charles I, and the difficulties faced by the newsbook in this regard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"The Origins of Liberalism" is an article that explores the origins and development of liberal political thought. It discusses the core elements of liberalism, such as the belief in individual importance, freedom of belief and speech, opposition to imposed orthodoxy, and limited government. The article highlights the influence of historical events, such as the Napoleonic Wars and the European Reformation, on the emergence of political liberalism. It also discusses the contributions of philosophers like René Descartes and Baruch Spinoza, as well as key documents like John Milton's Areopagitica and John Locke's A Letter concerning Toleration. The article concludes by discussing the impact of liberalism on other countries, including Scotland and the United States. [Extracted from the article]

This article explores the profound sexualization of seventeenth-century English religious polemic by examining the history of the popular "holy sister" stereotype as it evolved during the English Revolution (1640–60) from a relatively tame element of contemporary religious satire into a regular feature of obscene antipuritan print by the 1660 Restoration. In particular, it argues that the erotic evolution of the sisterhood was primarily a function of the English civil wars, which witnessed an unprecedented crisis in post-Reformation politics and a concurrent explosion in partisan print. Together with the endemic misogyny enflamed by the transgressive activities of actual puritan women, those factors inspired a dramatic escalation in sexually explicit confessional polemic during the period—a process spurred on by the long-standing early modern association between lust and lechery as well as the commercial motivations of contemporary printers and publishers. Eventually, royalist writers during the early 1650s purposefully made graphic sexuality a staple of their antipuritan polemic, reasoning that godly moralists would find nothing more offensive than obscene depictions of human sexuality. The essay goes on to assert that this novel association between antipuritanism and explicit sexual description continued well into the Restoration, when its continued success may have encouraged London publishers to greenlight new erotic genres in print for the first time in English history. Not only, therefore, did the English Revolution spark an unprecedented sexualization in contemporary religious polemic; it may also have contributed to the much-studied erotic renaissance that characterized late Stuart culture after Charles II's accession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the concept of "joining" in the works of Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle. Cavendish believed in combining her texts into bound volumes, creating composite collections that required readers to engage with different disciplines and genres. The article discusses the presence of these bound collections, known as Sammelbände, in various European libraries, including the Antwerp Public Library, the Bibliothèque Mazarine in Paris, and the Cambridge University Library. The author suggests that further study of these collections would be valuable. The article also explores Cavendish's philosophy of joining and its relationship to her atomic philosophy, highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary reading practices. [Extracted from the article]

This article examines a problematic of the ordinary as it emerges in the poetical theology of an early poem of John Milton. This poem, Lycidas, has captured the attention of every major critic from the 18th century to the present, who has minutely examined its odd formal and generic character, its peculiar mix of personal grief and political outrage, and its role in Milton's own personal development at a particularly decisive moment in English history. Yet, despite this extensive interpretive history, 'the ordinary' has never become an extended object of critical analysis. This article accordingly seeks to uncover and examine the importance of a certain set of contemporaneous significations of the ordinary in Lycidas, which implicate the institutions of Church, state, and university in perhaps surprising ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a comprehensive list of articles and books that cover a wide range of topics related to library and information history. It includes resources on academic loans in medieval Oxford, library education in Asia and Oceania, book distribution during the English Civil War, European authors in the Ottoman Court, and the constitution of libraries in Morocco, among others. The list also features articles on the impact of Chinese-funded medical projects in Tanzania, the role of newspapers in colonial America, the history of the Rutherford County Library System in Tennessee, and the influence of the Soviet Union on archival operations in Romania. Additionally, it explores specific collections and archives, such as the Bibliotheca Philosophica Hermetica and the Jaffna Library in Sri Lanka. These resources offer valuable insights for researchers interested in various aspects of library and archival studies. [Extracted from the article]

Colonel John 'Tinker' Fox, governor of the Edgbaston garrison, has been studied by several historians in recent years, overturning the older view that he was a radical or an independent force. This edition of the surviving muster rolls of the garrison looks at how a small body of men on the periphery of Parliamentarian territory was organised and equipped from local resources. The muster rolls show that Fox's unit was improvised and poorly armed, but it was still capable of effective mounted guerrilla actions against their Royalist counterparts, and sometimes operated in the mainstream of military operations in the English Midlands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When King Charles I was beheaded in 1649 it incited a series of events in the Reformed city of Geneva. The Civil Wars and Regicide uncovered the political and religious tensions within Geneva during the English Civil Wars. In Geneva, two important bodies, the Small Council of civil magistrates and the Company of Pastors jockeyed for an appropriate response from their diverse members. Additionally, the leaders of Geneva had to respond to English and Continental rumours that they were to blame for England's woes. Utilizing archival research, this article examines the transnational implications of the English Civil Wars and it shows that the Genevans had far from a unified view of the Civil Wars. Ultimately, the primary fear for the leaders in Geneva was not necessarily the death of a king, but instead that they would be associated with the worst aspects of the Radical Reformation: Anabaptism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a book titled "Luther and Philosophies of the Reformation," which explores Martin Luther's role in the Reformation and his lasting impact on the world. The book features contributions from seven leading scholars with diverse perspectives on Luther and his legacy. The essays cover topics such as Luther's understanding of grace, his interpretation of Paul, Dante's critique of the church, Luther's views on the nature and authority of the church, and the Protestant legacy of radical agency. Overall, the book offers a constructive and interesting addition to Luther scholarship, although there are some editing issues. [Extracted from the article]

During the English Civil War and subsequent Restoration, beekeeping provided a ready set of moral examples for those seeking answers about the 'natural' structure of society. The practice itself also underwent a number of substantial changes, moving from a traditional craft practice to a more knowledge-focused, technologically complex one. The advent of glass-windowed hives in the latter half of the sixteenth century allowed intellectuals from across the political spectrum to directly observe bees as a way of gathering knowledge about how to understand the divine plan and, with that understanding, improve human society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The novella Rayanna, the patriot (2015) by Basavaraj Naikar deals with patriotic rebellion of Rayanna, the hero of Kittur kingdom of South India in the second decade of the nineteenth century. With the defeat of the Kittur kingdom, the heroic Rani Chennamma and her confidants were imprisoned. Young Rayanna's father and many other soldiers were slaughtered. Rayanna wanted to reinstate the Rani to the throne of Kittur by fighting against the Company Sarkar. Rayanna started organizing his own army. He joined hands with other rebel patriots. In his effort to make rebellion, he killed some betrayers and looters who used the name of Rani Chennamma and Raja Mallasarja. Rayanna's party started their rebellion with the looting of Government treasuries in Bidi village and Sangolli. They invested the money in recruiting soldiers and strengthening their army. While Rayanna was planning for a great rebellion against the Company Sarkar some treacherous soldiers in his army were bribed by the Company Sarkar. So he was trapped easily by his bodyguards. On 16 December 1830 Rayanna was hanged by the British authority. Some of his confidants were also hanged. The rebellion ended in smoke, but the patriotic spirit and zeal of Rayanna and his soldiers is still preserved in the history of India and given due honour by the Indians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the launch of a new publication titled "What Have the Liberals Ever Done for Us?" by the Liberal Democrat History Group. The publication summarizes the achievements of Liberals and Liberal Democrats over the past 350 years, focusing on topics such as human rights, fair votes, government reform, gender equality, international relations, economy, education, welfare, health, and the environment. The article highlights the contributions of key figures such as Mary Wollstonecraft, John Stuart Mill, Harriet Taylor, David Steel, and Lloyd George. It emphasizes the importance of defending people's rights and acknowledges the challenges faced in the future. The publication is available for purchase online or by mail. The given text discusses various topics related to the Liberal Party and its history. It mentions the party's stance on old age pensions and guaranteed basic income, as well as its commitment to eradicating poverty in the UK. The text also highlights the party's support for free trade, international institutions, and the European Union. It emphasizes the Liberal Party's role in championing the welfare state and its opposition to the Iraq War. The text concludes with a discussion on the party's messaging and the importance of its history in shaping its identity. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the similarities between Susanna Centlivre's play "The Beau's Duel" and Jasper Mayne's plays "The Citye Match" and "The Amorous Warre." It is noted that Centlivre borrowed plot elements and speeches verbatim from Mayne's works, although she adapted them to suit the taste of her time. The article provides specific examples of the copied speeches and highlights the differences in how Centlivre used them in her comedy. The reason for Centlivre's decision to borrow from both plays remains unclear, but it is suggested that the two plays were republished together in 1658, which may have influenced her. [Extracted from the article]

Review article of Words at War: The Contested Language of the English Civil War, edited by Andrew Hadfield and Paul Hammond, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2024, xi + 342 pp., £90 (hardback), ISBN 9780197267622. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the emergence and evolution of the "speech without doors" genre in seventeenth and eighteenth century England, highlighting its role in making parliamentary debates accessible to the public and reshaping political communication. It explores how this genre challenged the traditional boundaries of political discourse, particularly in relation to the privacy and secrecy of parliamentary deliberations, and examines the genre's various forms and influences over time.

The article provides a summary of the book "War for Peace: Genealogies of a Violent Ideal in Western and Islamic Thought" by Murad Idris. The book delves into the complex relationship between peace and war, analyzing the works of ten diverse thinkers such as Plato, Thomas Aquinas, and Immanuel Kant. Idris introduces a unique vocabulary to explore the concept of peace, categorizing it as parasitical, provincial, and polemical. The article summarizes the first three chapters, which examine the ideas of Plato, Abū Naṣr al- Fārābī, Thomas Aquinas, and Desiderius Erasmus. It also discusses how the understanding of law in these thinkers' thoughts privileges peace but disregards non-European spaces and subjects them to non-representation. The text emphasizes the interconnectedness of peace, war, and colonialism, inviting readers to critically question the idealization of peace. Overall, the book offers valuable insights into political theory and peace studies. [Extracted from the article]

Regional book distribution was central to political mobilization in the localities during the English Civil Wars. A contextual approach, building up a picture from print and manuscript sources such as journals, reveals the multiple ways in which books circulated, through a case study of Devon and the south west. In contrast to recent emphasis on activist publishers, these sources highlight the significance of book distribution by puritan clergy. Book distribution in Devon was dominated by the unmatched south-western network of the London publisher Francis Eglesfield (publisher of Robert Herrick's Hesperides). However, the political agency of book distribution lies beyond the conventional book trade with the activities of local ministers, exemplified by John Bond of Exeter, Thomas Larkham of Tavistock, and John Syms of Sheepstor and Plymouth. Their distribution efforts provided multiple routes by which books reached their political audiences and created opportunities for political participation in parish communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the parliamentary press's role in promoting Oliver Cromwell's heroic image during the first civil war, a topic that has received relatively little scholarly attention. Based on a detailed study of contemporary pamphlets and newsbooks, it suggests three phases of press coverage that correspond to the conflict's campaigning seasons. It shows that Cromwell's image in print was greatly assisted by his close relationship with the Independent leadership at Westminster, and their expertise in the manipulation of the press. For them, Cromwell's successes in the field were essential for securing victory. His military reputation, initially nurtured by the civil war press, laid the foundations for his eventual role as lord protector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the religious and political climate of the 1640s in the British Isles, focusing on the role of parliamentary preachers. It specifically examines the work of Stephen Marshall, a prominent preacher and member of the Westminster Assembly, and provides a contextual analysis of his early work as a parliamentary preacher. The article also discusses the failures of King Charles I as a leader and the conditions that led to the calling of the Long Parliament in 1640. It highlights the significance of Marshall's preaching and his role in the religio-political agenda of the time. [Extracted from the article]

"India's History, India's Raj" by Robert Eric Frykenberg is a compilation of the author's significant articles that challenge traditional historiography of India. Frykenberg's work focuses on localities and the agency of Indians in shaping India's history, rather than solely attributing it to British colonial rule. The book covers topics such as land tenure, revenue systems, religion, conversion, and the history of Christianity in India. Frykenberg's perspective highlights the role of Indians in the conversion process and emphasizes the connections between British imperial power and local power systems. The book offers a valuable perspective for those interested in understanding the complexities of India's history. [Extracted from the article]

This article delves into the constitutional issue that arose when Boris Johnson, the first Catholic Prime Minister of the UK, recommended a candidate for the position of Bishop. The Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829 prohibits Catholics from advising the Monarch on appointments in the Church of England, and although this provision has never been used, Johnson's involvement in the appointment raises questions about its violation. The article provides historical context on the relationship between Catholicism and UK politics, as well as the process of appointing bishops in the Church of England. It examines the potential legal implications of Johnson's appointment of the Bishop of Chelmsford in December 2020, considering factors such as his conversion to Catholicism and the interpretation of "advising" the Monarch. While there may be a prima facie case that Johnson committed an offense under section 18, the constitutional implications and consequences of this offense remain uncertain. [Extracted from the article]

This article is a book review of "Thomas Vaughan and the Rosicrucian revival in Britain, 1648–1666" by Thomas Willard. The book explores the life and writings of Thomas Vaughan, a Welsh hermetic philosopher and alchemist. Willard argues that Vaughan played a significant role in the Rosicrucian revival in Britain, which was made possible by the collapse of print censorship during the English Civil Wars. The book provides a detailed examination of Vaughan's life, writings, and influences, including his interest in secret wisdom and the study of magic. Despite the difficulty of Vaughan's writings, Willard aims to situate him within his historical context and offer insights into his sources, style, and influence. The book is considered the definitive reference work on Vaughan and will be of interest to scholars and students of early modern religion, philosophy, science, and culture. [Extracted from the article]

On the eve of the Battle of Worcester in 1651, Oliver Cromwell was reputed to have sold his soul to the Devil. This article examines the construction of this legend and places it in the larger context of English Protestant thought about the 'ancient enemy'. It argues that the story originally arose from the circumstances of Cromwell's death on 3 September 1658, but later came to focus on events before the battle seven years earlier. The legend illustrates the persistence of ideas about a physical Devil, despite the emphasis on Satan as an invisible tempter in English theology. This portrayal emerged from the polemics of the 1640s and 1650s and had something in common with the demonization of the royalist commander Prince Rupert. But it drew mainly on earlier stories such as the legend of Johann Faust, which provided the core themes in the tale of Cromwell's supposed diabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The godly lives of Samuel Clarke have traditionally been consulted by historians of early Stuart puritanism for biographical information, particularly anecdotal information, about many of the most famous puritan divines of the age. But, in fact, the lives, and the martyrologies and ecclesiastical histories in which they were contained, were a product of the events of the English civil war and revolution; and more particularly of the disastrous defeat suffered at the end of the 1640s and early 1650s by the Presbyterians at the hands of the Independents and the sects. The first versions of Clarke's collection of lives, which were published between 1650 and 1652, represented a response to that crisis. This article sets out to explain how and why that was, and, having set the lives in that context, and explained the precise apologetic, polemical and edificational purposes they were designed to serve, it concludes by explaining what light such a contextual reading of Clarke's text might shed on the dynamics of the 1650s and the fate therein of the 'national church'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the impact of restoration efforts led by architects like John Nash, the commitment to maintaining religious standards despite financial limitations, and the challenges faced in preserving the cathedral's structure and religious practices at St. David's Cathedral from 1793 to 1862. It mentions that this period, attention is given to both physical upkeep and the quality of religious services, reflecting the cathedral chapter's dedication amidst various challenges.

This article proposes "coalition" as an organizing dynamic for opposition politics that influenced an emergent conception of religious toleration in the English Civil Wars. Through readings of John Milton's Areopagitica (1644), and in comparisons with his immediate forbears and contemporaries, the article distinguishes this conception of toleration from later liberal formulations. In closing, it argues that the formal dynamics of coalition also characterize the marital relationship of Adam and Eve after the fall inMilton's epic Paradise Lost (1667, 1674). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a feminist critique of theories of liberty in two of Thomas Middleton's city tragedies. Expanding on the neo-Roman theories of liberty presented by Quentin Skinner in Liberty Before Liberalism, I connect Middleton's city tragedies to feminist critiques from Mary Nyquist and Ellen Mieksins Wood. Close readings of Women Beware Women and The Revenger's Tragedy reveal connections between Middleton's radical critiques of tyranny in later theories of liberty of the English Civil War. Because Middleton's critiques are explored through both the state and marriage relations, I argue that Middleton exposes the same contradictions of liberty in the institution of the family, providing insight into notions of slavery, servitude, and coercion under the public rule of the sovereign and in the privacy of the home. Reading such contradictions back through Middleton, can, I argue, allow for a better understanding of feminist critiques of such theories of liberty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to reconstruct the life, networks, and experiences of the Caroline actor-turned-printer and journalist, John Harris, the pen behind Mercurius Militaris, the most radical newsbook of the civil war period. It provides the first extensive biography of Harris's life, shedding new light on the role of his 'Oxford Press' in New Model Army politics in the crucial summer of 1647. The analysis of Harris's experiences in this paper supports the growing body of scholarship which has sought to redefine the interpretation of 'radicals' and 'radicalism' during the British civil wars; it stresses the importance of fluidity, uncertainty, and compromise in terms of both ideas and allegiances. But it also argues that Harris did undergo a radicalizing process, one which was anchored to his broader experiences and his engagement with print in particular. The collaborative and creative processes of producing printed texts, the amalgamating, compromising, and finessing of different ideas, as well as refining positions in response to other printed texts, forced Harris to think creatively about his own intellectual and political outlook. Harris's experiences, at least, drove him to adopt more and more extreme solutions to the political crises which he perceived to be afflicting the body politic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The errors arose, Blayney explains, because the printers were working so quickly, and the editions were so close together, that heaps from which some quires were gathered contained sheets from both editions. This instance of shared printing becomes particularly important when Blayney discovers that the STC assigned three copies of Grafton's and Whitchurch's earliest editions to both printers. Blayney replaces this with his conjecture that the "authorities" involved Grafton in the 1559 printing while he also views Grafton's edition as a "rival" (commercial) copy. [Extracted from the article]

This study identifies common perceptions between Thomas Hobbes' approach to religion with that of Critias the sophist. Despite the distance that separates the social environments within which each of these authors lived and wrote, in their political philosophy we can spot a shared set of concerns, whose importance transcend the historical and political contexts in which the authors lived and wrote: in the state of nature, where no organized commonwealth (or civil society) exists, capable of repressing the innate greed of men and women, savagery and conflict reign supreme; life is threatened by violence and extreme aggression. It is only the state of society that guarantees stability and good life. For both thinkers, belief in immaterial spirits protects the state of society; belief in God promotes obedience to civil law and guarantees human co-existence. In Critias' mind, religion is a necessary means to avert aggression, even when the State's executive powers are unable to punish offenders, using all necessary tools to prevent hostility and conflict. While civil law is the hallmark of peace and stability, belief in a transcendent entity that influences collective and individual modes of living, is an important addition to the pursuit of social peace. A few centuries later, Hobbes (influenced by the misery of the English Civil War) developed viewpoints that also highlight the role of religion in defending social peace. Nonetheless, in Hobbes' mind religion could safeguard stability only (A) when ecclesiastical authorities submit to the judgment of an omnipotent Sovereign and (B) when the coercive mechanisms of the State supress religious pluralism, prohibiting different interpretations of the Bible, which Hobbes himself considered one of the main causes of conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]