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Summary: In the context of sleep disturbances, increasing evidence suggests a critical role of sleep‐related dysfunctional metacognitive activity, including metacognitive control of intrusive thoughts in the pre‐sleep period. Although the relationship between sleep‐related thought‐control strategies and poor sleep quality is well recognized, the possible contribution of general metacognitive functioning within this relation is still unclear. In this study, we performed a mediation analysis to examine the role of thought‐control strategies on the relationship between metacognitive abilities and sleep quality in individuals with different self‐reported sleep characteristics. Two‐hundred and forty‐five individuals participated in the study. Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Thought Control Questionnaire Insomnia‐Revised, and the Metacognition Self‐Assessment Scale to evaluate sleep quality, thought‐control strategies and metacognitive functions, respectively. The results showed that worry strategy in the pre‐sleep period mediates the relationship between metacognitive functions and sleep quality. Particularly, the ability to understand one's mental states and mastery functions could be the two metacognitive domains primarily involved in the dysfunctional metacognitive thought‐control activity responsible for reduced sleep quality. The observed effect suggests that inadequate metacognitive functioning is associated with poor sleep quality in healthy subjects via the mediation of dysfunctional worry strategy. These findings suggest the potential relevance of clinical interventions to enhance specific metacognitive abilities, with the aim to promote more functional strategies for managing cognitive and emotional processes during the pre‐sleep period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The present study attempted to explore the psychological experiences of experiential avoidance, thought suppression, meta‐cognition, self‐compassion and body‐checking during two stages of maternity (pregnancy and postpartum) among women embracing maternity for the first time. Methods: The study used a cross sectional correlational design and enrolled 306 women participants who were in their third trimester of pregnancy or of postpartum (pregnant = 154 [50.3%]; postpartum = 152 [49.7%]) with ages ranging between 20 and 35 years (M = 26.62; SD = 2.19). The data was collected using the Brief Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (BEAQ); Thought Control Questionnaire (TCQ); Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ); Self‐Compassion Scale (SCS), and Body‐checking Questionnaire (BCQ). Data was subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 21. Results: A significant positive association was observed between experiential avoidance, thought suppression, meta‐cognition, and body‐checking while self‐compassion showed reverse association with these variables. The body‐checking outcome was significantly negatively predicted by self‐compassionate attitude and positively by thought suppression in both groups (i.e., pregnant and postpartum). The experiential avoidance positively predicted body‐checking among women in post‐partum group only. Moreover, a mediating association of experiential avoidance and a moderating effect of self‐compassion (self‐kindness and common humanity) and meta‐cognition (positive beliefs about worry and need to control thought) were also observed to moderate between thought suppression and body‐checking outcomes. Conclusion: The study concluded that experiential avoidance and thought suppression contribute in developing body‐checking behaviors among women who are pregnant or at postpartum stage of maternity. In addition, self‐compassion and meta‐cognition moderate this association with self‐compassion playing potential buffer. Synopsis: Psychological disturbance such as experiential avoidance and thought suppression lead to body‐checking among pregnant and postpartum women while self‐compassion and meta‐cognitions protect against mental outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A crucial gap in the medical history of the Korean War is the history of psychiatry during the Korean War. War puts those who participate in it through physical and mental extremes, inflicting not only physical injuries but also psychological trauma and damage. However, studies of the medical aspects of the Korean War have been limited to topics related to physical injuries and their treatment, and there are no studies that systematically summarize the traumatic effects on the human mind thrown into the midst of the war, the consequences of these effects, and the medical efforts made to deal with these problems. As the Korean War was fought only five years after the end of the Second World War, the experiences and achievements of the Second World War were used in the Korean War. In terms of personnel, many of the soldiers who fought in the Second World War also fought in the Korean War. This continuity with the Second World War had both positive and negative aspects. On the positive side, treatment and transport systems were quickly put in place to respond to the large numbers of soldiers with psychiatric problems on the front lines early in the war. This is an example of a positive use of the legacy of the Second World War. On the other hand, the negative side of the coin was the much higher frequency of psychiatric symptoms among veterans of the Second World War. This could be explained by the fact that the psychological trauma experienced on the battlefield during the Second World War remained latent and was reactivated in the Korean War as a kind of conditioned reflex. In addition, the brainwashing of prisoners of war and their subsequent psychological problems are also characteristic of the Korean War in the context of the Cold War. These psychiatric features of the Korean War will provide a useful historical example for understanding and helping those who are inevitably involved in war and suffer from mental distress.

Maintaining energy balance is essential for survival and health. This physiological function is controlled by the brain, which adapts food intake to energy needs. Indeed, the brain constantly receives a multitude of biological signals that are derived from digested foods or that originate from the gastrointestinal tract, energy stores (liver and adipose tissues) and other metabolically active organs (muscles). These signals, which include circulating nutrients, hormones and neuronal inputs from the periphery, collectively provide information on the overall energy status of the body. In the brain, several neuronal populations can specifically detect these signals. Nutrient‐sensing neurons are found in discrete brain areas and are highly enriched in the hypothalamus. In turn, specialized brain circuits coordinate homeostatic responses acting mainly on appetite, peripheral metabolism, activity and arousal. Accumulating evidence shows that hypothalamic microglial cells located at the vicinity of these circuits can influence the brain control of energy balance. However, microglial cells could have opposite effects on energy balance, that is homeostatic or detrimental, and the conditions for this shift are not totally understood yet. One hypothesis relies on the extent of microglial activation, and nutritional lipids can considerably change it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anti-feminist backlash has taken on a new form in the past decade with the rise of cyberattacks and the proliferation of Men's Rights Activist groups, yet scant literature exists on the nature of cyber-harassment against feminist academics. This article uses the authors' experience of cyber-harassment as a case study to explore the nature of online anti-feminist backlash against academic research. We identify three narrative forms of this backlash, which combines to create a "braided thread" of anti-feminist attacks. The academic setting presents a specific kind of cyber-hate that relies on the notion that progressive, critical researchers are "brainwashing" students. The attacks spread misinformation regarding methodological rigor in an effort to delegitimize and discredit feminist academics. Attackers also rely on tired claims of feminists as man-haters who seek to ruin men's lives. Finally, anti-feminist backlash often resorts to instances of cyber-hate—ad hominem attacks that objectify women's bodies and seek to humiliate and shame feminist scholars. These attacks are political and personal in nature, and spread misogynistic, white-supremacist, and heteronormative ideology in a vain attempt to silence feminist scholars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Sports Science & Arts - English is the property of Helwan University, Faculty of Physical Education for Girls and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Brain-computer interfaces have so far focused largely on enabling the control of a single effector, for example a single computer cursor or robotic arm. Restoring multi-effector motion could unlock greater functionality for people with paralysis (e.g., bimanual movement). However, it may prove challenging to decode the simultaneous motion of multiple effectors, as we recently found that a compositional neural code links movements across all limbs and that neural tuning changes nonlinearly during dual-effector motion. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of high-quality bimanual control of two cursors via neural network (NN) decoders. Through simulations, we show that NNs leverage a neural 'laterality' dimension to distinguish between left and right-hand movements as neural tuning to both hands become increasingly correlated. In training recurrent neural networks (RNNs) for two-cursor control, we developed a method that alters the temporal structure of the training data by dilating/compressing it in time and re-ordering it, which we show helps RNNs successfully generalize to the online setting. With this method, we demonstrate that a person with paralysis can control two computer cursors simultaneously. Our results suggest that neural network decoders may be advantageous for multi-effector decoding, provided they are designed to transfer to the online setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In medieval India, the desire for "the unity of Brahman and Self" was present in the Vedānta tradition of Hinduism. Adi Śaṅkara, the master of Vedānta philosophy, proposed the six-fold sādhana: mind control, sense control, mental tranquility, endurance, potential faith, and concentration. These six-fold practices can help Vedānta followers realize unity with Brahman. In medieval Christianity, mysticism was regarded as an important path for Christians to seek a closer relationship with God. Pursuing "the unity of God and man" became the goal and direction of Christians at that time, which could be achieved through spirituality. Bonaventure, known as the Seraphic Doctor, was a representative figure of medieval Christian mysticism. He proposed six stages of spirituality: Sense, Imagination, Reason, Intelligence, Understanding, and Spark of Conscience, through which one can achieve unity with God. This article attempts to compare Bonaventure's theory of six stages of spirituality with Śaṅkara's idea of six-fold practice and discover the similarities and differences between Eastern and Western religious spirituality in the Middle Ages. Through this comparison, we can further explore the medieval religious believers' desire for ultimate reality and try to find the possibility of dialogue between Christianity and Advaita Vedānta. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to characterize changes in cortical activity and connectivity in stroke survivors when vibration is applied to the wrist flexor tendons during a visuomotor tracking task. Data were collected from 10 chronic stroke participants and 10 neurologically-intact controls while tracking a target through a figure-8 pattern in the horizontal plane. Electroencephalography (EEG) was used to measure cortical activity (beta band desynchronization) and connectivity (beta band task-based coherence) with movement kinematics and performance error also being recorded during the task. All participants came into our lab on two separate days and performed three blocks (16 trials each, 48 total trials) of tracking, with the middle block including vibration or sham applied at the wrist flexor tendons. The order of the sessions (Vibe vs. Sham) was counterbalanced across participants to prevent ordering effects. During the Sham session, cortical activity increased as the tracking task progressed (over blocks). This effect was reduced when vibration was applied to controls. In contrast, vibration increased cortical activity during the vibration period in participants with stroke. Cortical connectivity increased during vibration, with larger effect sizes in participants with stroke. Changes in tracking performance, standard deviation of hand speed, were observed in both control and stroke groups. Overall, EEG measures of brain activity and connectivity provided insight into effects of vibration on brain control of a visuomotor task. The increases in cortical activity and connectivity with vibration improved patterns of activity in people with stroke. These findings suggest that reactivation of normal cortical networks via tendon vibration may be useful during physical rehabilitation of stroke patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are an emerging tool in the treatment of brain metastases (BMs), Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), traditionally used for BMs, elicits an immune brain response and can act synergistically with ICIs. We aim to investigate the efficacy of ICI administered with SRS and determine the impact of timing on BM response. Methods: A systematical search was performed to identify potential studies concerning BMs managed with SRS alone or with SRS + ICI with relative timing administration (ICI concurrent with SRS, ICI noncon-current with SRS, SRS before ICI, SRS after ICI). The overall survival (OS), 12-month OS, local progression-free survival (LPFS), 12-month local brain control (LBC), distant progression-free survival (DPFS), 12-month distant brain control (DBC), and adverse events (intracranial hemorrhage, radionecrosis) were analyzed using the random-effects model. Results: A total of 16 retrospective studies with 1356 BM patients were included. Compared to noncon-current therapy, concurrent therapy revealed a significantly longer OS (HR= 1.43; p = 0.008) and 12-months LBC (HR = 1.91; p = 0.04), a similar 12-months DBC (HR = 1.12; p = 0.547) and higher complication rate (R = 0.77; p = 0.346). Concurrent therapy leads to a significantly higher OS compared to ICI before SRS (HR = 2.55; p = 0.0003). Conclusion: The combination of SRS with ICI improves patients' clinical and radiological outcomes. The effectiveness of the combination is subject to the identification of an optimal therapeutic window. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyses the susceptibility of the youths against political-religious polarisations as presented in the Indian (Hindi) superhero comic books. The focus will be on the character, Doga (Raj comics) as he appears in the comics from 1996 to 2019. This analysis will be carried out within the framework of deconstruction applied via political discourse analysis. The paper will read these titles - Doga Hindu Hai (Doga is Hindu) series, Doga ko Gado (Bury Doga) etc. These texts deal with political issues that are coloured with religious tones portraying situations in which youths usually go astray. However, the response of the protagonist to these challenges, channelises these discontents sometimes through his own example and sometimes through appeal and yet sometimes through use of force, into positive outcomes. These artistic responses offer both the wish fulfilment to mitigate the atmosphere of peril and incites alternate reactions to the quotidian (and generally political) answers. The paper is divided into the following sections – No country for the young, Comics and crisis, People and publication, Origins, Politics and youth delinquency, Poverty and delinquency, Catch 'em Young, Colours of riot, Dalit and Doga and conclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article aimed to identify the dominant brain control patterns among female students enrolled in the gymnastics training course and the difference in the level of skill performance of gymnastics and choreography skills among female students according to the pattern of brain control on a sample of 101 female students registered in the gymnastics training course. The researcher used the descriptive approach for its relevance to the subject and objectives of the study. The researcher used statistical treatments (t-test) for independent groups, percentages, and Cronbach's alpha. The study results concluded that the left pattern of brain control is predominant among students enrolled in the gymnastics training course. There are no significant differences in the level of skill performance among the female students enrolled in the gymnastics training course due to the variable of brain control pattern in both gymnastics skills and choreography skills, and the average difference in gymnastics skills in favor of the students with the right style at the expense of the students with the left style, and the average difference in the choreography skills in favor of the students with the left pattern, at the expense of the students with the right pattern. In the study of identifying the pattern of brain mastery among female students before the educational process, the teacher must choose the appropriate teaching methods for each pattern and conduct more studies on the pattern of brain control and its impact on the level of skill performance for the rest of the gymnastics equipment and conducting more studies on the pattern of brain control and its impact on the level of skill performance in other sports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Literature & Humanities / Edebiyat ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A Brain–Computer Interface (BCI) is a medium for communication between the human brain and computers, which does not rely on other human neural tissues, but only decodes Electroencephalography (EEG) signals and converts them into commands to control external devices. Motor Imagery (MI) is an important BCI paradigm that generates a spontaneous EEG signal without external stimulation by imagining limb movements to strengthen the brain's compensatory function, and it has a promising future in the field of computer-aided diagnosis and rehabilitation technology for brain diseases. However, there are a series of technical difficulties in the research of motor imagery-based brain–computer interface (MI-BCI) systems, such as: large individual differences in subjects and poor performance of the cross-subject classification model; a low signal-to-noise ratio of EEG signals and poor classification accuracy; and the poor online performance of the MI-BCI system. To address the above problems, this paper proposed a combined virtual electrode-based EEG Source Analysis (ESA) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method for MI-EEG signal feature extraction and classification. The outcomes reveal that the online MI-BCI system developed based on this method can improve the decoding ability of multi-task MI-EEG after training, it can learn generalized features from multiple subjects in cross-subject experiments and has some adaptability to the individual differences of new subjects, and it can decode the EEG intent online and realize the brain control function of the intelligent cart, which provides a new idea for the research of an online MI-BCI system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic and long-lasting illness affecting approximately 2% of the population. Up to 40%–60% of patients with OCD do not have satisfactory outcomes, thereby leading to disability in performing daily routine activities. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) provides a substitute for old-fashioned psychotherapies, as it involves the client directly experiencing the problematic emotion, that is, anxiety and obsessions in the case of OCD. Aim: To observe the effect of ACT on patients with OCD and compare its effect on obsessive compulsive symptoms, thought control, thought and action fusion, acceptance and action, and depression. Materials and Methods: A total of 62 patients diagnosed with OCD as per Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) in the age range between 18 and 60 years, having duration of illness less than two years, both male and female, literate and illiterate, hailing from rural and urban background, were included in the study. For pre- and post-assessment Yale-Brown Obsessive and Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), acceptance and commitment questionnaire, thought control questionnaire, and thought and action fusion questionnaire were used in this study, and ACT was used for management of OCD. Results: There is a significant difference between the groups treated with ACT and those treated as usual, on every domain of thought control questionnaire (TCQ) -- distraction (t = 9.07), social control (t = 11.13), worry (t = 11.93), punishment (t = 16.78), and re-appraisal (t = 16.47). Significance is also seen in the thought and action fusion in the moral domain (t = 16.22), the likelihood domain (t = 16.49), and others (t = 9.23). On Y-BOCS, HDRS, and acceptance and action questionnaire (AAQ) both groups show a significant difference between each other. Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicate that ACT is a productive method for patients with OCD as it encourages the patient to accept and integrate their lived experiences, challenges effective responses, and recognizes and eliminates the controlling dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Humanities & Educational Sciences Journal is the property of Humanities & Educational Sciences Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Praxis der Rechtspsychologie is the property of Deutscher Psychologen Verlag GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

During the Korean War, it has been claimed that the Chinese People's Volunteer (CPV) army "brainwashed" the American prisoners of war (POWs) into automatons. Recently declassified Chinese documents shed new light on a racial perspective in this story. Although the CPV activated an ambitious communist indoctrination program for the POWs in early 1951, the anticipated ideological struggle did not take place. By June 1951, the Chinese commissars overseeing American POWs discovered that these Americans were not the "proletariat brothers" deceived by the Wall Street financial capitalists. Rather, many of them rallied around Ku Klux Klan organizations to disrupt camp order and to resist the Chinese indoctrination. After mid-1951, the CPV essentially abandoned the goal of ideological conversion and prioritized controlling the POWs through none ideological means of alienation, self-punishment, and self-policing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focused-distraction strategies are commonly used for thought control, but their effectiveness in handling personal worries with different types of distractors has rarely been examined. To examine this issue, 101 undergraduate and graduate students whose depression levels fell below mild depression were recruited (64.4% female, Mage = 20.27) and were randomly assigned to one of the three strategy conditions: 34 participants for the focused-breathing strategy (FBS), 34 for the focused-positive-distractor strategy (FPS), and 33 for the focused-neutral-distractor strategy (FNS). After a short introduction and practice, they applied the assigned strategy during a 5-min worry control session to prevent thoughts regarding a recent worrying event. The number of worry intrusions was measured using an online self-caught method. Participants rated their emotional states before and after the worry control session. Their working memory capacities (WMCs) and depressive tendency were comparable across conditions. The results showed the FBS and FPS groups exhibited fewer worry intrusions than did the FNS group. Furthermore, worry intrusions were negatively related to WMC for the FNS group but independent of WMC for the other two. The above findings together indicate that the FBS and FPS are relatively effective and effortless methods for reducing worry intrusions. Negative emotions decreased after the worry control session for all groups. However, decoupling of negative emotions from worry intrusions was only observed for the FBS and FNS groups. Overall, FBS outperforms FPS and FNS in managing worries from the above aspects. Several theoretical and practical implications of the study were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Symposium: Canadian Journal of Continental Philosophy / Revue Canadienne de Philosophie Continentale is the property of Canadian Society for Continental Philosophy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article "For they know (not) what they do: German studies on mind control, targeted personality splitting and induced amnesias.: A reply to the critique by Schröder et al. (2023)" by Niehaus and Krause discusses the complexities of sex criminal proceedings and the potential for errors in determining the credibility of victims' statements and the existence of false memories. The authors criticize a research group led by Briken for proposing the existence of mind control, personality splitting, and induced amnesia in the context of organized ritual sexual abuse, arguing that there is no scientific evidence to support these claims. Schröder et al. respond to this critique, claiming that Niehaus and Krause have overlooked existing research and misinterpreted their own results. They argue that the research group's publications may have adverse implications in legal and therapeutic contexts. The text emphasizes the need for responsible behavior and a stronger scientific foundation to protect vulnerable individuals. [Extracted from the article]

Donald Ewen Cameron is known as the Canadian psychiatrist behind the Montreal Experiments, a series of brainwashing experiments. As part of a larger Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) project known as MK Ultra, the CIA regarded these experiments as a potential military weapon during the Cold War. However, a closer look into Cameron's research and project MK Ultra shows that these experiments began long before Cameron was contacted by the CIA. Additionally, Cameron received funding for his experiments indirectly, so he was probably never aware the money was from the CIA. In this paper, I analyse the published work of Dr Cameron from the beginning of his career to his role in MK Ultra, and evaluate his own possible reasoning behind these experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The landscape in Jeff VanderMeer's Southern Reach trilogy (2014) is in an advanced state of transformation, constantly mutating after contact with an alien form that rapidly disintegrates the dystopic "old scars" of the landscape's human habitation ( I Acceptance i 165). Saul's hard-won reflection that giving in to the parasite does not equal giving up who he is, is reflected in the biologist's description of the moment she encounters the Crawler Saul has become as "an encounter with the most beautiful, the most terrible thing I might ever experience" ( I Annihilation i 178). At the end of I Acceptance i , however, it is Ghost Bird, as the privileged "product" of Area X's copying process - its repetitions with a difference - who provides the trilogy's last version of Area X's origin story in her encounter with the Crawler: She saw or felt, deep within, the cataclysm like a rain of comets that had annihilated an entire biosphere remote from Earth. While the parasite's intrusion into the biologist's physical and mental space is as violent an act as Saul's infection, the biologist is able to see it as not only "an invasion, a breaching of boundaries" but just as much as a "becoming with" (Lowe 301). [Extracted from the article]

The unusual rapid change of globalization process, winning of extreme right parties in some countries, who ask for racism and refuse other nationalities and races makes the world unstable and coexistence among various nations is in dangerous. All these things does not come to exist without any plan of some extremist parties, subversive activities in different places. Physical terrorism and terrorist acts are semi controlled, but the extreme groups nowadays found other ways to terrorize societies, frighten and threaten people intellectually. There is an exploiting of different ideas, different views of parties in a country and change it to an intellectual terrorism just for specific and private interests or to take power in a country. Under the name of rights there is a huge deface on religion through deception and mislead people and push them to take unusual habits and acts which leads to anger some people without taking into account of other religion through burning the religious book, abusing religious characters and all these acts consider to be intellectual terrorism and spreading hatred among different religions who were living in peace before without any crucial and serious big problem. To this devastating end, the extremist parties and their elements try to use any way of means to reach their dirty and bad intentions. Even we live in a media revolution nowadays which if anything happens in the farthest part of the world will be known in other parts in a way or another, make them to have hostile ideas against who are not in their religion, ethnic, nationality or language, even some of high officials and ranks clearly mention in front of their assembly and spread hostile idea. It has nothing to do with the freedom of expression. It is some kind of terrorism, not physical but intellectual and it is stupidity of people through their bad planned ideas, their political orientation and their trade in the blood of others. Unfortunately there are still many who believe in such things and terrorism and terror belongs to specific religion or ideology without having a minimum information on it. We all together need to face intellectual terrorism and stop them otherwise the situation goes worse than it is. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Experiencing the Impossible: The Science of Magic" by Gustav Kuhn is a groundbreaking book that explores the psycho-neurological processes behind the experience of magic. It delves into the cognitive mechanisms and neurological mechanisms that underpin magical beliefs, offering insights into the mysteries of the human mind. The book discusses topics such as misdirection, magical thinking, the role of visual illusions as coping mechanisms, the coexistence of rational and magical proclivities, the subjective nature of conscious perception, the fallibility of human memory, and the phenomenon of mind control. It also examines the intersections between magic and hypnosis, magic and film, and magic and game design. This book is highly recommended for historians of science, psychologists, philosophers, graduate students, and general readers interested in the science of magic. [Extracted from the article]

This article traces the career arc of Dutch psychoanalyst Joost A. M. Meerloo by examining his biography and his psychology of interrogation and confession. His life story, particularly his experiences during the German occupation of the Netherlands and his escape to England during World War II, shaped his views on these issues, as well as his rise to prominence as an expert on these topics in the United States. His psychoanalytic perspectives on interrogation and confession, including false confession, reflected the zeitgeist of the First Wave of Cold War interrogation tactics and related scholarship. His career as a scholar of interrogation faded with the study of distinct interrogation tactics used by communists during the Korean War, the emergence of experimental social psychology, and a growing cohort of scholars who rejected his psychoanalytic views in favor of more contemporary approaches. For these reasons, his work remains undervalued, increasing the risks that today's scholars will fail to recognize his larger contributions and his warnings about vulnerability and psychologists' roles in military interrogations. The article reviews the rise and fall of the career of Joost A. M. Meerloo as a scholar of Cold War interrogation, including his contributions and his unheeded warnings about vulnerability and psychologists' roles in military interrogations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rehabilitation Sciences: Nursing, Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy / Reabilitacijos Mokslai: Slauga, Kineziterapija, Ergoterapija is the property of Lithuanian Sports University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The ability to organize self-generated thought into coherent, meaningful semantic representations is a central aspect of human cognition and undergoes regular alterations throughout the day. To investigate whether changes in semantic processing might explain the loss of coherence, logic, and voluntary control over thinking typically accompanying the transition to sleep, we recorded N400 evoked potentials from 44 healthy subjects. Auditory word pairs with varying semantic distance were presented while they were allowed to fall asleep. Using semantic distance and wakefulness level as regressors, we found that semantic distance reliably elicited an N400, and lower wakefulness levels were associated with increased frontal negativity within a similar time range. Additionally, and contrary to our initial hypothesis, the results showed an interaction of semantic distance and wakefulness that is best interpreted as an increased N400 effect with decreasing wakefulness. While these results do not rule out a possible role of semantic processes in the generation of diminished logic and thought control during the transition to sleep, we discuss the possibility of additional brain mechanisms that usually constrain the inner stream of consciousness during wakefulness. • Logic and control over thoughts are frequently lost at the onset of sleep. • Auditory N400 evoked potentials were investigated during the transition to sleep. • The N400 effect increased with decreasing wakefulness. • The results contradict N400 findings in diminished thought control in psychosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of College of Languages is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The management of ventriculitis remains controversial, with no single management strategy that can provide a good outcome. There are few articles describing the brainwashing technique, and most for neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage. This technical note is important because it describes a practical way to perform brainwashing in case of ventriculitis, and it is more feasible compared to endoscopic lavage in developing countries. Method: We describe in a stepwise fashion the surgical technique of ventricular lavage. Conclusion: Ventricular lavage is a neglected technique that can help to improve ventricular infection and hemorrhage prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The letter to the editor responds to an article titled "Threats to Scientifically Based Standards in Sex Offense Proceedings: Progress and the Interests of Alleged Victims in Jeopardy" by Niehaus and Krause. The authors of the letter express their disagreement with the criticisms made by Niehaus and Krause towards their research on organized and ritual child sexual abuse. They clarify that their research aimed to explore the experiences of individuals reporting such abuse and did not seek to gather prevalence data or assess the credibility of the reports. The authors also address other points of contention raised by Niehaus and Krause, emphasizing the importance of a respectful and interdisciplinary discourse on the topic. [Extracted from the article]

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Due to their profusion, high durability, and rigidity, lesser weight and biodegradable nature nanocellulose (NC) is observed as the challenging tasks for the aspirants in making of the green composites. The continuous network of the cellulose nanoparticle connected through hydrogen bonding is happened mainly due to the reinforcing effect allocated to the mechanical reoccurrence phenomenon of the NC. When comparing with the nanocrystalline cellulose, the NC has significant convincing progress in the durability and rigidity, and the aspect ratio of the NC is higher than that of the NC crystal. The reinforcement effect of NC is the characteristic of the NC polymer interaction as well as the reinforcement effect eventualizing through stress transfer at the NC–polymer interface. Thus, the concentration of the reinforcement particle rises to the saturation level due to the frailty of the NC reinforcement constituent and due to surface compliance between the matrix and the filler. Due to its structural firmness and mechanical behaviors, the NC compounds are used in many industrial applications like tissue engineering, food packaging, and electronic applications. The stretchable electronic systems and instruments are awaiting the maximal attention due to its essential applications in certain domains, such as robotics artificial intelligence, brain control and machine interface, clinical devices, and health care electronic monitoring devices. In addition to that, when realizing the operational performance of electronic devices, the electronic instruments and systems must be physically expandable and flexible. The proposed study deems the technique of reinforcing the NC compounds as green agent in electronic applications, which has been associated with the composites of polymer matrix. The elongation could be achieved through the formulation of composition via elastomers. In addition, it is being focused on the illustration of functional soft development of materials that is inclusive of the conductive intrinsic polymers for the elongated electrodes and electrothermal conversion and vice versa, occupying the maximal area along with tactile sensing elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The management of brain metastases (BM), the major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality, is becoming an emerging area of interest. Surgery, whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT), or stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), have historically been the main focal treatments for BM. However, the introduction of innovative targeted- and immune-based therapies is progressively changing the paradigm of BM treatment, resulting in an increase in clinical trials investigating new therapeutic strategies. Methods: Using ClinicalTrials.gov, the largest clinical trial registry with over 400,000 registered trials, we performed an analysis of phase II and phase III ongoing trials evaluating different systemic therapies, radiotherapy (RT), and surgery given alone or in combination in patients with BM. Results: One hundred sixty-eight trials, 133 phase II and 35 phase III; the largest part having primarily the curative treatment of patients with BM from lung cancer, breast cancer and melanoma, were selected. One hundred sixty-three trials used systemic therapies. One hundred thirteen used tyrosine kinase inhibitors, more frequently Osimertinib, Icotinib and Pyrotinib, 50 used monoclonal antibodies, more frequently Trastuzumab, Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab, 20 used conventional chemotherapies whilst no oncological active drugs were used in 6 trials. Ninety-six trials include RT; 54 as exclusive treatment and 42 in combination with systemic therapies. Conclusion: Systemic targeted- and/or immune-based therapies, combined or not with RT, are increasingly used in the routine of BM treatment. SRS is progressively replacing WBRT. All these trials intend to address multiple questions on the management of patients with BMs, including the recommended upfront treatment for different cancer histologies and the optimal timing between systemic therapies and radiation regarding brain control and neurocognitive outcome and quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As China's global footprint expands and Sino-American competition intensifies, it is apparent that one of the most important arenas for competition between Western Liberal norms and Chinese Communist Party's (CCP) authoritarian norms is going to come in competing technologies (Western/Korean/Taiwanese 5G/chips vs Huawei 5G/chips) and competing cyber-norms (Western cyber-libertarianism vs Chinese cyber-sovereignty). Inside China, China's technologies and its cyber-sovereign norms converge.Outside of China, while China champions the norm of cyber-sovereignty, Huawei itself may pose the greatest challenge to sovereign states' cyber-sovereignty where Huawei controls or otherwise participates significantly as a provider for telecommunications networks, given its relationship to the Chinese state. Is China sincere in advocating cyber-sovereignty as an international norm, or is this just something it is concerned about inside China?Are the laws of China and the technologies and practices of its own Huawei antithetical to China's own stated norms of cyber-sovereignty? Is cyber-sovereignty simply a stop-gap measure adopted by an insecure regime to justify draconian censorship and thought control at home while it seeks to use its growing presence in 5G telecommunications to expand its surveillance of foreign powers/actors worldwide? Finally, in keeping with the theme of this special issue, does digital orientalism explain the growing tension between China and some of the Western/Liberal powers as it regards competition in 5G? Is the US/West needlessly securitizing Huawei and its 5G, or is there something there worth securitizing? Clarity about these issues and the implications of the answers arrived at are important for nations around the world as China expands its technological reach via Huawei and other national champions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experiencing a thought about harming or injuring another person is commonly reported by the general population. Aggressive intrusive thoughts (AITs) and aggressive scripts are two constructs commonly used to define the experience of thinking about harming another person. However, they are generally investigated separately and with two significantly different population groups; respectively, individuals with obsessive‐compulsive disorder and people with a history of violent behavior. AITs and aggressive scripts are assumed to have very different implications for violence risk assessment, but conceptual overlap and an absence of empirical research renders this assumption premature. Using a battery of self‐report measures, this study aimed to investigate the differential predictors of AITs and aggressive script rehearsal in a nonclinical sample. Additionally, using regression analyses, the predictors of self‐reported aggressive behavior were explored in a sample of 412 adults (73% females; Mage = 31.96 years, SD = 11.02). Violence‐supportive beliefs and frequency of anger rumination predicted the frequency of aggressive script rehearsal, and aggressive script rehearsal, anger rumination, and violence‐supportive beliefs predicted a history of aggressive behavior. In contrast, obsessive beliefs were predictive of AITs, and only AITs were related to ego‐dystonicity. Both AITs and aggressive script rehearsal were related to the use of thought control strategies. These findings support the contributions that maladaptive beliefs have in the experience of aggressive scripts and AITs. Beliefs about violence, a history of aggressive behavior, and ego‐dystonicity appear to differentiate aggressive scripts from AITs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Poor sleep is common in our society, particularly for African Americans, and is associated with adverse mental and physical health outcomes. Unwanted, intrusive thoughts contribute to sleep disturbances and can be engendered by living in stressful urban environments, which are disproportionately inhabited by African Americans. Studies of other populations have shown that cognitive coping strategies to manage intrusive thoughts vary in their adaptiveness. To examine the relationship between thought control strategies and insomnia severity in urban residing young-adult African Americans. Sixty-four young adult African Americans completed a demographic questionnaire, the Thought Control Questionnaire for Insomnia-revised, and the Insomnia Severity Index. There were moderate to strong positive correlations of aggressive suppression, worry, behavioral distraction, and social avoidance with ISI scores. Poor sleepers endorsed greater use of worry and aggressive suppression than good sleepers. Results from a multiple linear regression analysis revealed that aggressive suppression, social avoidance, and behavioral distraction significantly predicted insomnia severity, and aggressive suppression was the strongest predictor in the model. These results extend findings of aggressive suppression as a correlate of insomnia severity to an urban-residing young adult African American sample. Future research should identify adaptive approaches and the utility of modifying maladaptive strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Group-specific changes in the coherence of EEG activity were observed in children aged 17–43 months (mean age 31 months) who differently evaluated prosocial and antisocial actions performed by puppet characters (groups with high and low values of the moral evaluation index (MEI)). In higher-MEI children, observation of a prosocial action facilitated intrahemispheric interactions in the α-frequency range. In the lower-MEI group, changes in α-rhythm coherence were multidirectional. In the higher-IME group, a situation of decision making on how to distribute a reward between two characters who demonstrated either prosocial or antisocial behavior increased the α-activity coherence between the frontal, central, parietal, and occipital regions in the right hemisphere. In the lower-MEI children, the coherence decreased. No significant modulation of the EEG coherence was observed in the θ-frequency range. As for β activity, significant modulations were found only in children with low MEIs. The findings are discussed in the context of the functionality of brain control systems and the role of intrahemispheric cortical interconnections in the organization of moral behavior. The specifics of θ-, α-, and β-frequency coherence are of importance for understanding the mechanisms whereby moral evaluation develops in young children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the associations between thought control strategies and subjective and objective sleep quality, across the adult lifespan. One hundred forty-nine individuals without insomnia (age range 18–86 years; M = 45.35, SD = 20.53) completed the Thought Control Questionnaire Insomnia–Revised for assessing sleep-related thought control strategies. Self-reported sleep quality was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Then, subjective and objective sleep parameters (i.e., total sleep time, sleep onset latency, sleep efficiency) were recorded through a sleep diary and an actigraph across 7 days. Results from linear mixed-effects models showed that a worry strategy was associated with longer subjective sleep latency and shorter subjective total sleeping time. An aggressive suppression strategy was associated with longer subjective total sleeping time. No such involvement of thought control strategies was detected for subjective sleep efficiency and all of the objective sleep parameters. Other individual differences (i.e., age, sex, circadian preference, self-reported sleep quality) also explained both subjective and objective sleep parameters, though to a different extent depending on the sleep parameter considered. The assessment of sleep-related thought control strategies, along with other individual characteristics, should be considered to account for individual differences in sleep quality and implement practices/interventions to support it in adulthood and older age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]