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Altres ajuts: acords transformatius de la UAB Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential moderator role of poor mentalization in the association between borderline personality disorder (BPD) traits and somatization, specifically focusing on the polarities of self- and other-mentalizing. Design: This is a cross-sectional, general population study evaluating adolescents (n = 162, 61.3% female; ages 12-18, M = 14.63, SD = 1.02). The relationship between BPD traits and somatization was evaluated with self-mentalization (attention to emotions and clarity of emotions) and other-mentalizing as moderator variables. Methods: One hundred sixty-two adolescents without serious mental health disorders were evaluated using self-report measures for borderline personality disorder traits (screening questionnaire for the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders (SCID-II), somatic symptoms using the Somatic Symptoms Questionnaire (SSQ), self-mentalizing using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24 (TMMS) and other-mentalizing using the Adolescent Mentalizing Interview (AMI)). Linear regressions were conducted to test the moderation effects of self- and other-mentalizing in the relationship between BPD symptoms and somatic complaints, controlling for age and sex. Moderation analysis was conducted using PROCESS version 3.5. Results: The association between BPD symptoms and somatic complaints was moderated by a self-mentalizing dimension (emotional clarity) (b = −0.019, 95% CI = −0.0379 to −0.0002, p =.0476), but not other-mentalizing (b = 0.027, 95% CI = 0.000 to 0.053, p =.051). The effect of BPD symptoms on somatization disappears when emotional clarity is high, regardless the level of attention to emotions. Conclusions: Self-mentalizing appears to be an adaptive skill as it attenuates the relationship between BPD traits and somatization. Specifically, emotional clarity rather than simple attention to emotions is the aspect of self-mentalizing attenuating this association. These results support that self-mentalization is an important function in the management of body-associated emotions even in non-clinical levels of BPD traits. Findings suggest that strengthening self-mentalizing skills across development might contribute to resilience and salutogenesis.

Ce mémoire s’intéresse aux processus cognitifs sous-tendant les comportements agressifs réactifs auprès d’une population possédant des traits de la personnalité limite (TPL), mais pas nécessairement le diagnostic TPL. Une association a été démontrée entre le biais d’attribution d’intention hostile (BAIH) et les comportements agressifs, mais cette relation n’a pas encore été considérée auprès d’une population possédant des traits TPL. Pour atteindre cet objectif, une réplication méthodologique de l’étude de Gagnon et coll. (2016) qui propose une méthode d’évaluation du BAIH par le biais de la méthode de potentiel relié aux évènements (PRÉ) a été effectuée. La tâche de violation des attentes hostiles utilisée permet d’éliciter une composante N400, représentant une déflexion négative dans le tracé des PRÉs lorsque les attentes du sujet sont violées. Le second objectif visait à vérifier l’hypothèse selon laquelle le BAIH aurait un effet médiateur dans la relation entre les traits TPL et l’agressivité réactive. Soixante-trois personnes ont participé à l’étude. Le Personality Assessment Inventory-Borderline (PAI-BOR) a permis de mesurer les traits TPL des participants et le Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire (RPQ) de mesurer leur tendance à réagir de manière agressive. Les résultats ont permis de confirmer la relation entre les traits TPL et l’agressivité réactive, et entre le BAIH et l’agressivité réactive. L’effet médiateur attendu n’a pas été retrouvé entre l’effet N400 de la condition non hostile mesurant la violation des attentes hostiles, et la relation entre les traits TPL et l’agressivité réactive. D’autres études seraient nécessaires avant de pouvoir affirmer que des interventions basées sur les interprétations en situation sociale seraient efficaces., This thesis examined cognitive processes underlying aggressive behaviour in a population with borderline personality traits (BPD), but not necessarily the diagnosis. The association between hostile attributional bias (HAB) and aggressive behaviour has been demonstrated in the literature, but this relationship has never been considered in people with BPD traits that show reactive aggressive behaviour. Our first aim was to conduct a methodological replication of the results of Gagnon and al. (2016) that used an event-related potential (ERP) method to evaluate HAB. The hostile expectancy violation paradigm elicits an N400 component, representing a negative-going ERP deflection when intention expectations are violated. The second aim was to verify the hypothesis that HAB would mediate the relationship between BPD traits and reactive aggressive behaviour. Sixty-three participants participated in the study. The Personality Assessment Inventory-Borderline (PAI-BOR) was used to measure BPD traits and the Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire (RPQ) was used to measure their tendency to react in aggressive manner. The results confirmed the existing relationship between BPD traits and reactive aggression, and between HAB and reactive aggression. The expected N400 effect in the non-hostile condition measuring the violation of hostile expectations, on the relationship between BPD traits and reactive aggression was not found. Other studies are necessary before suggesting that treatment based on biased interpretations in social interaction is effective.

Treball Final de Màster Universitari en Psicologia General Sanitària. Codi: SBF018. Curs acadèmic: 2020/2021 Resumen: El trastorno límite de la personalidad es uno de los trastornos más incapacitantes para las personas que lo sufren. Existen varios programas de tratamiento de eficacia demostrada para este trastorno, pero es necesario seguir investigando para mejorar su utilidad clínica en distintos contextos y formatos. Este estudio piloto pretende someter a prueba la viabilidad de una versión reducida del programa STEPPS en su aplicación a formato online. Método: 9 personas con síntomas asociados al TLP participaron y completaron el programa. Fueron evaluados antes y después de su participación. Las medidas evaluadas fueron sintomatología TLP, regulación emocional e impulsividad. Resultados: Se observan cambios significativos en síntomas TLP. Las puntuaciones en la variable regulación emocional señalan mejoría en el funcionamiento global y en las subescalas atención, claridad y aceptación. También obtuvimos cambios para impulsividad global, y en sus subescalas planificación e impulsividad motora. Existe mejora en las puntuaciones del cuestionario de filtros a nivel global, específicamente para desconfianza, imperfección, fracaso e hipercrítica. El presente estudio piloto indica que el STEPPS y su aplicación online son bien aceptados por los participantes. Conclusiones: Los resultados preliminares sugieren mejoras significativas en todas las variables evaluadas. Estos prometedores resultados ponen de relieve la necesidad de abrir líneas de investigación enfocadas a la adaptación de tratamientos al formato online. Se requiere un tamaño muestral más grande, y mayor rigor metodológico, para seguir comprobando su eficacia y efectividad en relación coste-beneficio. Background: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is one of the most disabling disorders for individuals. There are several programs that have demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of this disorder, but further research is needed to improve its clinical utility in different contexts and formats. This pilot study aims to test the viability of a reduced version of STEPPS program in its online application format. Methods: 9 people with BPD symptoms associated, participated and completed the program. Participants were assessed before and after their participation. Outcome measures included BPD symptomatology, emotional regulation and impulsivity. Results: Significant changes are observed in BPD symptomatology. The scores in the variable emotional regulation indicate an improvement in overall functioning and in its subscales for attention, clarity and acceptance. We also observed significant improvement in impulsivity overall functioning, as well as in its subscales for planning and motor impulsivity. Cognitive filter questionnaire scores also indicate improvements in the intensity of early maladaptive schemas, specifically for distrust, imperfection, failure and hypercriticism. The present study indicates that STEPPS program as well as its online application are well accepted by the participants. Conclusions: Preliminary results of this pilot study suggest statistically significant improvements in all the variables evaluated. Despite its promising results, this study needs further research focused on the adaptation of treatments to online format. To this end, a larger sample size and greater methodological rigor are required to continue verifying their efficacy and cost-effectiveness.