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One of the target areas for the development of railway transport in modern conditions is to ensure the fulfillment of operational performance indicators that depend on the organization of the promotion of car flows. When determining the procedure for organizing car flows on the railway network, it is advisable to consider the existing features of the technical and operational characteristics of railway stations and sections, as well as the technology of their operation. The paper describes the procedure for determining the appropriate option for using group trains based on minimizing the costs that arise when organizing car flows into trains and their movement along the section.

To determine the effect of fertilization systems on indicators of cellulose-degrading activity of microorganisms of a typical deep heavy loamy chernozem under the bed technology of growing garden strawberries using drip irrigation. Methods. Comparative profile, microbiological, mathematical and statistical. The cellulose-destroying activity of soils was carried out by the method of deep sowing of soil suspension on a dense agarized medium (Hutchinson-Clayton agar). The glucose formed after the decomposition of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was determined by titration with sodium hyposulfite. Also, the activity of cellulose-destroying microorganisms was additionally evaluated by the rate of decomposition of cotton fabric (size 10*10 cm) during six months. The degree of decomposition was calculated based on the difference in weight. Results. Statistical analysis of the results of our research confirmed the significant influence on indicators of the number of cellulose-degrading microorganisms and cellulase activity of such factors as sampling depth and fertilization system, in particular, sampling depth has a more significant effect than fertilization system and vice versa, the fertilization system has a more significant effect on decomposition fabrics The highest activity of cellulase is characteristic of chernozem of the fallow area, and among the strawberry variants, the highest indicators were recorded under the condition of using organic fertilizers. An increase in cellulase activity at a depth of 20-30 cm in arable land as a result of plowing plant residues was noted. The highest cellulase activity was recorded in chernozem from the fallow area (6.4-11.2 µg of glucose per 1 g of soil in 7 days) and somewhat lower in strawberries, and comparing fertilization systems, we are talking about the positive effect of organic fertilizers (5.2-6.7 µg of glucose per 1 g of soil for 7 days). Conclusion. The largest number of cellulose-destroying microorganisms was recorded in summer, but enzymatic activity is greater in spring and autumn. Perennial strawberry plantations have higher biological activity compared to arable land, and a comparison of different fertilization systems shows the advantage of organic fertilization. Cultivated soils are characterized by a decrease in the activity of soil enzymes compared to fallow. In the strawberry area, under the organo-mineral system of fertilization, the decomposition of cotton fabric is more intense, even compared to fallow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focusing on the molecular docking results, a series of 3,4-diarylisoxazoles, analogues of Combretastatin A4, bearing various substituents at the fifth position of the isoxazole ring and pharmacophore groups bioisosteric to methoxy substituent at ring B, were synthesized in good yields and high regioselectivity. Depending on the substituent at C5, three approaches were chosen for the construction of isoxazole ring, including nitrosation of gem-dihalocyclopropanes, nitrile oxide synthesis, and difluoromethoxylation of isoxazolone to afford 5-haloisoxazoles, 5-unsubstituted isoxazoles, and 5-difluoromethoxyisoxazoles, respectively. Isoxazoles 43 and 45 showed selective cytotoxicity and antitubulin inhibition properties in vitro , with pharmacodynamic profiles closely related to that of CA-4. Both of them slow down tumor growth (66-74%) in mouse xenografts and slightly exceed in effectiveness Combretastatin A4-phosphate itself., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest., (© 2024 American Chemical Society.)

A new convenient and versatile halogenating system (R 4 NHal/NOHSO 4 ), giving straightforward and general access to halogenated 3,5-diaryl- and alkylarylisoxazoles, pyrazoles and electron-rich benzenes from the corresponding scaffolds, is suggested. The method provides excellent regioselectivity, scalability to the gram scale, and a broad scope for both aromatics and halogens. A three-step, one-pot reaction protocol was developed, and a series of 3,5-diaryl-4-haloisoxazoles has been efficiently synthesized from 1,2-diarylcyclopropanes under suggested nitrosating-halogenating conditions.

Aim: To assess and compare the efficacy and safety of two triple regimes: A) metronidazole, amoxicillin and omeprazole, which is still widely used in Russia, and B) azithromycin, amoxicillin and omeprazole in healing active duodenal ulcer and H.pylori eradication., Methods: 100 patients with active duodenal ulcer were included in the open, multicentre, randomized study with comparative groups. Patients were randomly assigned to one of the following one-week triple regimes: A) metronidazole 500 mg bid, amoxicillin 1 g bid and omeprazole 20 mg bid (OAM, n=50) and B) azithromycin 1 g od for the first 3 days (total dose 3 g), amoxicillin 1 g bid and omeprazole 20 mg bid (OAA, n=50). Omeprazole 20 mg od was given after the eradication course as a monotherapy for three weeks. The control endoscopy was performed 8 weeks after the entry. H.pylori infection was determined in the entry of the study and four weeks after the cessation of treatment by means of histology and CLO-test., Results: 97 patients completed the study according to the protocol (1 patient of the OAM group did not come to the control endoscopy, 2 patients of the OAA group stopped the treatment because of mild allergic urticaria). Duodenal ulcers were healed in 48 patients of the OAM group (96 %; CI 90.5-100 %) and in 46 patients of the OAA group (92 %; CI 89.5-94.5 %) (p=ns). H.pylori infection was eradicated in 15 out of 50 patients with OAM (30 %; CI 17-43 %) and in 36 out of 50 patients treated with OAA (72 %; CI 59-85 %) (P<0.001)- ITT analysis., Conclusion: The triple therapy with omeprazole, amoxicillin and metronidazole failed to eradicate H.pylori in the majority of patients, which is an essential argument to withdraw this regimen out of the national recommendations. Macrolide with amoxicillin are preferable to achieve higher eradication rates. Azithromycin (1 g od for the first 3 days) can be considered as a successful component of the triple PPI-based regimen.