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Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Medicine & Science of Physical Activity & Sport / Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte is the property of Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ciencia y Educación (2707-3378) is the property of Duanys Miguel Pena Lopez and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Underage drinking has become a major public concern having a negative impact on the growth and development of the skeleton. Peak bone mass is attained during adolescence hence the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of acute binge alcohol consumption on trabecular morphometry and tensile strength of the adolescent mandible in the Sprague Dawley (SD) rat. The study comprised of 24 SD rats, aged 7 weeks, placed into either the alcohol-exposed [n=12 (6 males and 6 female)] or pair-fed control group [n=12 (6 male and 6 female)]. The treatment of the groups was as follows; the alcohol exposed group and the pair-fed control were administered a single daily dose of 3 g/kg of 20 % alcohol 3 days a week (alternate days) for 7 days and a caloric equivalent dose of maltose dextrin via oral gavage, respectively. The animals were terminated on day 7 via pentobarbital injection. The mandibles were harvested and scanned using a Nikon XTH 255L 3D-microCT scanner (Nikon Metrology, Leuven, Belgium), and biomechanical tests were done using a Shimadzu universal tensile strength testing machine (China). Following scanning and reconstruction, the trabecular morphometry was assessed using Volume Graphics Studio® software. A 3-point bending test was used to evaluate the tensile strength of the bone. Findings from our study showed changes in some trabecular parameters in the female alcohol-exposed group, while the male groups remained unaffected. No changes in tensile strength were seen when comparing male pair-fed control and alcohol-exposed groups and when comparing female pair-fed control and alcohol-exposed groups. Trabecular and tensile strength differences were observed between the sexes when comparing male pair-fed control and alcohol-exposed groups to female pair-fed control and alcohol-exposed groups. These findings do suggest that acute binge alcohol consumption has detrimental effects on the bone micro-architecture in female alcohol-exposed rats and that differences are seen between the sexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Angiología is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista del Centro de Investigación Flamenco Telethusa is the property of Centro de Investigacion Flamenco Telethusa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: Determinar el uso de endocrowns como alternativa para una restauración postendodoncia. Materiales y métodos: Este estudio fue llevado a cabo durante el semestre B-2020. Se obtuvo un universo de 300 artículos de los cuales de acuerdo con los criterios de inclusión se seleccionó una muestra de 33 artículos científicos que responden a nuestras siguientes variables: Tratamiento endodóntico, Comportamiento biomecánico, Preparación del diente, Tipo de material, Piezas dentales. Resultados los hallazgos encontrados en 32 artículos dejan una evidencia , donde el primer punto trata de que la principal desventaja que sufre un diente durante una postendodoncia es la pérdida de tejido dental , el segundo punto se enfocó en que la pieza dental con un 62% y el material ideal (dicho por 21 artículos) para una Endocorona sería un molar a base de cerámica de disilicato de litio y por último se determinó con un 46% que la principal función biomecánica que cumple una Endocorona es la resistencia a la fractura. Conclusión Tras el análisis de varios artículos se pudo concluir que una Endocorona está indicado como material restaurador para un tratamiento postendodoncia , ya que permite mayor conservación del tejido dentario, es mucho más económico debido a su simplificación de pasos, es muy estético, tiene un alto pronóstico de longevidad , seguido de una excelente función biomecánica y elimina la necesidad de rehacer muñones evitando de que la raíz del diente tienda a fracturase.

El lanzamiento de jabalina es una disciplina atlética que requiere una combinación de técnica, velocidad y fuerza explosiva. Este artículo presenta un programa de ejercicios diseñado específicamente para mejorar la fuerza rápida, un componente crucial para maximizar la distancia del lanzamiento. Se diseñó un programa de ejercicios pliométricos de 12 semanas para mejorar la fuerza rápida en atletas de lanzamiento de jabalina, estes incluyó ejercicios de fuerza y potencia que involucran tanto el tren superior como el inferior del cuerpo. Cada sesión consistió en un calentamiento de 10 minutos, seguido de 30 minutos de ejercicios pliométricos y un enfriamiento de 10 minutos. Se evaluó la fuerza rápida mediante pruebas de salto vertical y lanzamiento de jabalina antes y después del programa. Los resultados mostraron una mejora significativa en la fuerza rápida de los participantes. El salto vertical aumentó en promedio un 15%, mientras que la distancia de lanzamiento de jabalina mejoró en un 10%. Además, se observó una mejora en la coordinación y la agilidad de los atletas, lo que contribuyó a un rendimiento general superior en el lanzamiento de jabalina. El programa de ejercicios pliométricos demostró ser efectivo para mejorar la fuerza rápida en atletas de lanzamiento de jabalina. Los ejercicios pliométricos no solo aumentaron la potencia muscular, sino que también mejoraron la técnica de lanzamiento y la coordinación. Se recomienda la inclusión de este tipo de entrenamiento en los programas de preparación física de lanzadores de jabalina para optimizar su rendimiento.

Este estudio analizó el rendimiento en las fases del arranque y la envión en tres levantadoras juveniles de 59 kg comparándolo con la deportista élite (campeona olímpica Tokio 2020+1). Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas en varias variables cinemáticas. En el arranque, la aceleración en la fase 3 fue positiva y mayor en los deportistas juveniles (-0,32 ± 0,85 m/s²) comparada con el valor de referencia negativo del atleta profesional (-3,52 m/s²). Esto sugiere que, mientras los juveniles aceleran la barra hacia arriba en ese punto, la deportista élite la desacelera. La aceleración total promedio en el arranque también fue mayor en los juveniles (0,81 ± 0,14 m/s²) que el valor de referencia del deportista élite (0,462 m/s²). En el envión, la aceleración en la fase 2 fue significativamente mayor en los juveniles (4,34 ± 0,73 m/s²) que el valor de referencia del deportista élite (1,70 m/s²), indicando que aplican más fuerza para acelerar la barra. Sin embargo, la distancia horizontal en esa fase fue menor (0,02 ± 0,01 m) que el valor de referencia del deportista élite (0,218 m), sugiriendo ineficiencia técnica. El promedio total de distancia horizontal en la envión también fue menor en los juveniles (0,04 ± 0,02 m) que la deportista élite (0,088 m). Estos hallazgos resaltan áreas específicas de mejora en la técnica y fuerza explosiva de las levantadoras juveniles para optimizar su rendimiento. Un análisis cinemático detallado puede guiar el entrenamiento técnico y el desarrollo de programas enfocados en la coordinación y potencia.

The following literature review provides a comprehensive compilation of essential information concerning the design and development of lower limb prostheses. The document encompasses critical aspects gleaned from 91 distinct, high impact works related to this subject. Upon concluding the document, a section is presented, summarizing key findings and significant insights, along with an exploration of future challenges and prospects in the field of lower limb prosthetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Dental Science is the property of Brazilian Dental Science Journal-ICT-UNESP and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La revisión bibliográfica presentada a continuación contiene un compendio de la información necesaria e indispensable para tener en cuenta, a cerca del diseño y desarrollo de prótesis de miembro inferior. El documento presenta los aspectos más importantes tomados de 91 trabajos diferentes, de alto impacto, y relacionados con esta temática. Al finalizar el documento, se presenta una sección con las conclusiones y aspectos más importantes, además de mostrar los futuros desafíos y expectativas que se tienen con respeto a las prótesis de miembro inferior.

Objective: mastectomy after breast cancer produces several postural and biomechanical alterations in the frontal and sagittal plane. Such changes lead to disturbed kinematics of the spine, muscle imbalance and altered foot weight bearing. This study aims to describe body balance alterations after mastectomy based on the baropodometric analysis of their mean pressure and static load. Methodology: a descriptive correlational research was carried out. Foot weight-bearing properties were identified in 17 patients who have undergone a mastectomy. An Ecosanit Foot pressure plate was used to measure foot load at anatomical position and keeping the feet together. Results: 17 female patients who had undergo mastectomy with a mean age of 54.16 years took part on the research. Patients who have had a dominant-side mastectomy demonstrated significant greater mean pressure at anatomical position when compared to those patients who have had a non-dominant side mastectomy (227.2 ± 22.16 versus 175.6 ± 14.95, p =0.05). There was no significant difference for static load between the patients who have had a dominant side mastectomy and patients who have had a non-dominant side mastectomy at anatomical position (52.43 ± 4.069 versus 49.69 ± 4.094, respectively). Conclusion: the current results of our research showed the unbalanced weight distribution in patients after mastectomy. Consequently, it describes the postural and muscular alterations, and the static and dynamic imbalance in breast cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ingeniería (0121-750X) is the property of Ingenieria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Endocrinología, Metabolismo y Nutrición is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Functional insoles can reduce foot injuries caused by running. In this paper, ten male volunteers from the Track and Field Department of Guilin University of Electronic Technology were selected as subjects to test the biomechanical characteristics of the foot, such as plantar pressure, impulse, and center line pressure distribution, when using normal insoles and shock-absorbing functional insoles made of latex, ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA), and conventional insoles. The results showed that the plantar pressure and impulse were mainly concentrated on the first toe, the middle of the metatarsal, and the lateral part of the heel. After using the shock-absorbing insoles, the average pressure and impulse of the first toe, second to fifth toe, lateral metatarsal, and lateral heel were significantly reduced, while the average pressure intensity and impulse of the medial metatarsal, middle metatarsal, and medial heel were significantly increased; the center line of pressure became longer and straighter, indicating that the running stability was improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics is the property of Dental Press International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: los meniscos son estructuras semilunares formadas por fibrocartílagos, localizadas entre el fémur y la tibia. El menisco externo es más móvil, debido a sus inserciones a través de los ligamentos meniscotibiales y poplíteomeniscales. El menisco interno tiene un desplazamiento de 2-3 mm comparado con un desplazamiento de 9-10 mm del menisco externo. Se ha descripto en la literatura mundial que la hipermovilidad meniscal es secundaria a lesión de ligamentos poplíteomeniscales (principales estabilizadores), sin embargo, se realizó un estudio cadavérico donde se evidenció que los ligamentos poplíteomeniscales desempeñan un papel secundario. El objetivo de este estudio es demostrar que la lesión de los ligamentos meniscotibiales es la causante de la hipermovilidad meniscal externa. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio cadavérico en 2022 en Arthrex, Naples, Florida, Estados Unidos. Previo a la valoración artroscópica se efectuó la sección de ligamentos meniscotibiales en el tercio posterior del menisco externo, manteniendo los ligamentos poplíteomeniscales y la inserción de la raíz posterior. Posteriormente, se efectuó la valoración artroscópica en la que se vio traslación anterior y superior del tercio posterior del menisco externo y se realizó la fijación meniscal. Resultados: mediante la fijación del tercio posterior del menisco lateral con técnica transósea, en una falla o insuficiencia de los ligamentos meniscotibiales, se logra estabilidad completa del menisco. Conclusión: la estabilidad principal del tercio posterior del menisco lateral está dada por la inserción periférica de los ligamentos meniscotibiales, por lo que la hipermovilidad meniscal externa no se debe a lesión de los ligamentos poplíteomeniscales.

El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la cinemática, la coordinación de brazos y el consumo de oxígeno de nadadores con amputaciones, y comprobar la evolución de estos parámetros en dos vueltas (75-100 m y 175-200 m) de una prueba de 200 m estilo crol (T200). Participaron seis nadadores (cuatro hombres y dos mujeres) con amputaciones (edad: 30 ± 9.8 años). Se obtuvieron medidas antropométricas y se colocaron 19 marcadores en zonas predeterminadas del cuerpo para la posterior exploración de la T200. Los nadadores calentaron y luego realizaron la T200. La prueba se grabó en vídeo digital. Se procesaron las imágenes (software APAS) y se analizaron los vídeos en tres dimensiones (3D). A partir de las imágenes, se obtuvieron datos cinemáticos (frecuencia y longitud medias de brazada, velocidad de nado e índice de brazada) y coordinativos (índice de coordinación). Durante la T200, se midió el consumo de oxígeno (VO2) de cada respiración (analizador de gases portátil) y se identificó su valor su valor de pico (VO2pico). Con el fin de comparar los datos entre las vueltas, se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas y la prueba t de Student para los datos emparejados. El rendimiento de los nadadores evaluados fue de 197.8 ± 24.7 s. La frecuencia, la longitud, la velocidad y el índice de brazada fueron, respectivamente, 41.0 ± 5.1 ciclos/min, 1.5 ± 0.3 m, 0.98 ± 0.02 m/s y 1.67 ± 0.59m2/s. En general, la coordinación se produjo en la captura con un consumo pico de oxígeno de 43.6 ± 8.0 ml.kg-1.min-1. Las variables cinemáticas y la coordinación no cambiaron entre las vueltas analizadas.

La altura del salto se sigue usando ampliamente para predecir la potencia en seres humanos. El progreso individual, a menudo, se monitorea usando una estimación de la potencia, pero las ecuaciones de predicción se basan en datos grupales. El estudio pretende demostrar que la altura del salto vertical (VJP) y la potencia mecánica tienen una pobre correlación, particularmente en un mismo individuo. Se presentan dos experimentos; primero, 52 estudiantes universitarios físicamente activos ejecutaron cinco saltos verticales máximos cada uno; segundo, tres participantes masculinos ejecutaron 50 saltos máximos cada uno. Los participantes descansaron 1 minuto entre saltos. VJP se calculó a partir de los datos cinemáticos como posición más alta del centro de masa corporal (BCOM) menos BCOM de pie; la potencia pico (PEAKPWR) se calculó a partir de la fuerza vertical de reacción registrada por una plataforma de fuerza y la potencia promedio (MEANPWR) durante la propulsión a partir del cambio en la energía potencial del BCOM. Se realizaron análisis de regresión usando puntajes estandarizados de VJP como la variable predictora y puntajes estandarizados de potencia como las variables resultantes, con la expectativa de obtener una función de identidad y = x (intercepto = 0, pendiente = 1) y R2 = 1. En el experimento 1, el modelo para zPEAKPWR arrojó R2 = 0.9707 (p < .0001) pero la pendiente (0.3452) ≠ 1 (p = 8.7x10-15). El modelo para zMEANPWR dio R2 = 0.9239 (p < .0001); sin embargo, la pendiente (0.4257) ≠ 1 (p = 1.15x10-5). En el experimento 2, todos los modelos individuales para zPEAKPWR y zMEANPWR arrojaron asociaciones débiles (R2≤ 0.21) y pendientes ≠ 1 (p≤ .001). En conclusión, el análisis de regresión para individuos y aun para grupos confirma que la altura de salto vertical es un pobre predictor de la potencia mecánica.

RESUMO Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de avaliar os fatores que interferem e alteram os modelos biomecânicos posturais adequados durante as etapas de implantação e manutenção florestal, a fim de sugerir a adoção de posturas corretas durante a execução das operações florestais. A pesquisa foi realizada em propriedades rurais no sul do Estado do Espírito Santo, onde há o predomínio de relevo declivoso. As posturas foram analisadas em cada etapa da implantação (roçada semimecanizada, coveamento manual, coveamento semimecanizado, adubação e plantio) e da manutenção florestal (coroamento, adubação, desrama manual e desrama semimecanizada). Os dados foram obtidos utilizando-se vídeo filmagem e analisados por meio do método OWAS de análise de posturas no trabalho, gerando posturas padrões. Baseando-se nos resultados, concluiu-se que as posturas adotadas nas operações de coroamento, coveamento manual, coveamento mecanizado, roçada mecânica e desrama manual foram consideradas críticas, necessitando de correções em futuro próximo.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) rupture is one of the most common injuries in the current context, and reconstruction by autograft is the most used rehabilitation method along with physiotherapy for physical rehabilitation; However, certain biomechanical alterations have been detected in the gait pattern of these patients due to the effects that the injury produces on the surrounding structures and this has resulted in the development of degenerative pathologies secondary to the reconstruction of the ligament. The objective of the present investigation is to analyze the alterations in gait biomechanics present in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction through different autograft techniques. A systematic review was carried out based on the PRISMA method guidelines in the Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and Springerlink databases, including a total of 11 articles. Several gait alterations were detected in the patients analyzed in parameters such as angles of movement, joint range, tibial translation, moments of force and vertical ground reaction; being the knee flexion angle the most evaluated. However, the studies show discrepancies in several of the results found and, in addition, there is little or no information on the biomechanics of the hip and ankle; Therefore, it is difficult to reach a conclusion about a specific gait pattern for these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciencia y Educación (2707-3378) is the property of Duanys Miguel Pena Lopez and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La altura del salto se sigue usando ampliamente para predecir la potencia en seres humanos. El progreso individual, a menudo, se monitorea usando una estimación de la potencia, pero las ecuaciones de predicción se basan en datos grupales. El estudio pretende demostrar que la altura del salto vertical (ASV) y la potencia mecánica tienen una pobre correlación, particularmente en un mismo individuo. Se presentan dos experimentos; primero, 52 estudiantes universitarios físicamente activos ejecutaron cinco saltos verticales máximos cada uno; segundo, tres participantes masculinos ejecutaron 50 saltos máximos cada uno. Los participantes descansaron 1 minuto entre saltos. ASV se calculó a partir de los datos cinemáticos como posición más alta del centro de masa corporal (CDM) menos CDM de pie; la potencia pico (PEAKPWR) se calculó a partir de la fuerza vertical de reacción registrada por una plataforma de fuerza y la potencia promedio (MEANPWR) durante la propulsión a partir del cambio en la energía potencial del CDM. Se realizaron análisis de regresión usando puntajes estandarizados de ASV como la variable predictora y puntajes estandarizados de potencia como las variables resultantes, con la expectativa de obtener una función de identidad y = x (intercepto = 0, pendiente = 1) y R2 = 1. En el experimento 1, el modelo para zPEAKPWR arrojó R2 = 0.9707 (p

El club deportivo Miguel Iturralde desea mejorar en el aspecto técnico por ello, analizar el movimiento de la ejecución del tiro libre en el futbol implica realizar un detallado estudio de la técnica de ejecución que se realiza al momento de patear el balón, siendo ángulos y centro de gravedad las variables a considerar en el análisis de la presente investigación. Objetivo: En efecto el trabajo propone el análisis más profundo en el desarrollo de la patada, buscando identificar la postura idónea para la ejecución del tiro libre en el futbol a través de un estudio biomecánico que permita elevar la efectividad del lanzamiento, brindando un porcentaje mayor de aciertos dentro del partido. Métodos: Se estudia un grupo de jugadores conformado por una plantilla de 21 deportistas integrado por diestros y zurdos que realizaron la prueba en igualdad de condiciones, el total de deportistas diestros fue de 14 y de zurdos 7 para la investigación se consideraron ángulos de miembros inferiores, superior y centro de gravedad del futbolista, se sacaran valores y de forma seguida se los tabulara e ingresara en el programa estadístico SPSS, estos datos a analizar se obtendrá mediante el programa Kinovea. Resultados: se determina que existe un grado de correlación entre las diferentes variables del estudio, convirtiéndolo en una investigación fiable y de relevancia. Conclusiones: la homogeneidad del grupo facilita la similitud entre los datos de los jugadores, estableciendo parámetros a seguir para mejorar la técnica en la ejecución del tiro libre.

Introduction: The static and dynamic analyzes in the biomechanical field developed at the level of the locomotor system occupy a very extensive space of theoretical and experimental research, with different applications, from theoretical foundation to objective evaluations, to find performance solutions, improvement, recovery/rehabilitation of movements performed by the human body. The purpose of the study was to analyze the general aspects and, in some situations, and particulars of the different areas of applicability but also of the diversity of methods and means possible to use in biomechanics studies of the human body. Material and method: The domains were analyzed and a model was proposed to determine an efficiency score for the rapid identification of useful experimental solutions. Results: The analysis of the variants of dedicated systems for biomechanics studies allowed the development of a methodology to evaluate the efficiency of the choice of these systems to complement each other, to combine to obtain more information and to validate the particular experiments. It was also found that open systems, which can be developed according to particular procedures, represent a first step for the validation of modular products and much easier to make compatible. Conclusions: From an application point of view, the authors believe that the creation of a complete and complex database of mechanical, electronic, optical, video or complementary system variants possible to use in biomechanics analyzes will be able to streamline and improve the performance of determinations and it will be possible develop a fast compatibility mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introducción: Los estudios dinámicos de la función del pie habitualmente se realizan en laboratorios de marcha de gran complejidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar parámetros funcionales utilizando una plataforma de fuerza en una serie de pacientes asintomáticos evaluados en consultorios externos. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal que incluyó una serie consecutiva de pacientes asintomáticos voluntarios a quienes se les realizó una medición con una plataforma de fuerza (TekScan MatScan®, Boston, MA, EE.UU.) entre 2014 y 2020, en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Resultados: Se incluyeron 316 registros de 158 pacientes con mediciones bilaterales. La mayoría eran mujeres (66,5%) y el promedio de la edad era de 47 años (DE 16.1). Se evaluaron 14 variables, correspondientes a parámetros de fuerza, trayectoria y tiempo de contacto de la fuerza. El tiempo de contacto total fue de 0,79 segundos (DE 0,09), el CoF time según la región del pie fue del 20% en el talón, 26% en el mediopié y 46% en el antepié. El CPEI (center of pressure excursion index) fue del 16,55% (DE 7,14). Conclusiones: Se comunican los parámetros funcionales del pie en pacientes asintomáticos. Se midieron el tiempo de contacto del pie en el suelo, la fuerza (en talón, mediopié y antepié) y la trayectoria de la fuerza con una plataforma de fuerza. No se utilizaron radiaciones ionizantes. Estos hallazgos podrían ser utilizados como valores de referencia para detectar marchas patológicas. Nivel de Evidencia: II

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La relación entre la resistencia del material y la geometría de los andamios óseos asegura que los poros del andamio se mantengan íntegros mientras las células de los huesos se desarrollan a través de ellos. En este estudio se presentan las simulaciones mecánicas de dos geometrías de andamios óseos usando las propiedades mecánicas de la Hidroxiapatita (HAp) mezclado con ácido láctico. Se realizaron ensayos de compresión en la HAp para conocer sus propiedades mecánicas, después se modelaron dos geometrías de andamios óseos en base a la porosidad y tamaño adecuados para la regeneración celular según lo reportado en la literatura y se usaron los valores de las propiedades mecánicas para las simulaciones MEF. Se encontró un módulo elástico de 253.4 MPa, el esfuerzo de cedencia de 7.53 MPa y el módulo de Poisson de 0.33. Las porosidades calculadas para los modelos CAD cúbico y cilíndrico son de 43.83% y de 50.51% respectivamente. Se encontró que el modelo cúbico soportó una fuerza de 21 N en contraste con el modelo cilíndrico que soportó una fuerza de 19 N, estas fuerzas se aplicaron en las simulaciones con la finalidad de no superar el esfuerzo máximo permisible de 4.5 MPa de la HAp.

The improvement of the sports technique is premised on comparing the values of the motor movement, this must be characterized to correct errors detected as part of the sports training management process. Emphasis is placed on highly technical sports, such as bodybuilding training. In this sense, the present research aimed to analyze the half-squat technique in professional and amateur bodybuilders as an empirical method (sport-specific measurement). The research is descriptive-explanatory of correlational order. Six variables of interest are correlated (X1: shoulder joint angle; X2: hip joint angle; X3: maximum speed reached; X4: maximum acceleration reached; X5: center of gravity in X; X6: center of gravity in Y). The means establish differences between independent groups, both in variable X1 (Group 1: ≈66°; Group 2: ≈70°; p=0.247 ), X2 (Group 1: ≈73°; Group 2: ≈86°; p=0.002 ), X3 (Group 1: ≈1.03m/s; Group 2: ≈1.36m/s; p=0.017 ), X4 (Group 1: ≈2.93m/s 2 ; Group 2: ≈4.78m /s 2 ; p=0.011 ), X5 (Group 1: ≈0.43m; Group 2: ≈0.65m; p=0.000 ), and X6 (Group 1: ≈0.61m; Group 2: ≈0.83m; p =0.000 ). Group 1 has a more effective technique, while the amateurs have less efficiency in biomechanical movement due to their inexperience, high values are shown in speed and acceleration, movement angles such as hip angles are included.

The free kick in soccer is one of the important sports techniques, which allows the game to resume after a foul committed by the other player. The enhancement of specific motor skills allows the development of higher performance in the short and long term, for which its characterization is important to develop specialized methodologies in the stages of sports initiation. In this sense, the present research aimed to analyze the biomechanical differences of the free kick between advanced and amateur soccer players. This study is of a descriptive-explanatory type of correlational order, 30 soccer players from the Chiqui Park Soccer School (16-32 years of age) are intentionally diagnosed, classified into two independent groups, group 1 with advanced soccer players, and group 2 with amateur level soccerers. Three variables of interest are evaluated: the Initial Angle of the Unipodal Phase (AIFU in Spanish), the Final Angle of the Final Phase (AFF in Spanish), and the Execution Time of the Free Throw (TE in Spanish). There are no significant differences between independent groups in the angular variables AIFU (p=0.683) and AFF (p=0.389), and a significant difference in favor of group 2 in the variable TE (p=0.000). However, all the average ranges favored the advanced level players. There is a need to comprehensively establish larger studies that characterize the training categories studied, serving as a theoretical basis and methodology that supports the development of technical-tactical and physical actions of consideration in the processes of sports training management.

Biomechanics is a science that helps the study of movements applied in different sports, including soccer, which allows identifying and correcting technical errors. This is a fundamental basis for the control of the athlete's preparation. In this sense, the purpose of the research was to analyze biomechanically the pass with the inner edge of the foot in pre-juvenile and youth soccer players of training and academy. The research is of descriptive-explanatory type, of correlational order; 40 soccer players were biomechanically diagnosed in two independent groups (Group 1: Formative; Group 2: Academy; between 14-18 years). Ten indicators are analyzed, including age. Significant differences were demonstrated in the "DB" indicator (p=0.000), the "ÁFRA" indicator (p=0.006), the "DPAE" indicator (p=0.000), and the "VF", "A" and " TE" (p=0.000) respectively, while the variables or indicators "ÁFRE" (p=1.000), "EX" (p=0.102) and "EY" (p=0.056) did not present significant differences between the independent groups. In the comparison made with the players of a professional team and the players of a training academy, it was possible to show that there are notable differences from the initial phase of the pass with the inner edge of the foot, showing the distance of the player with respect to the ball, as well as in the previous phase where the players in formatiom have a better execution of the technical movement; this is reflected in the contact phase where greater speed and acceleration are evident at the moment of impact with the ball.