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Band selection (BS) aims to reduce redundancy in hyperspectral imagery (HSI). Existing BS approaches typically model HSI only in a single dimension, either spectral or spatial, without exploring the interactions between different dimensions. To this end, we propose an unsupervised BS method based on a spectral–spatial cross-dimensional attention network, named SSANet-BS. This network is comprised of three stages: a band attention module (BAM) that employs an attention mechanism to adaptively identify and select highly significant bands; two parallel spectral–spatial attention modules (SSAMs), which fuse complex spectral–spatial structural information across dimensions in HSI; a multi-scale reconstruction network that learns spectral–spatial nonlinear dependencies in the SSAM-fusion image at various scales and guides the BAM weights to automatically converge to the target bands via backpropagation. The three-stage structure of SSANet-BS enables the BAM weights to fully represent the saliency of the bands, thereby valuable bands are obtained automatically. Experimental results on four real hyperspectral datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of SSANet-BS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the 1-year pulp survival of cracked teeth with reversible pulpitis managed with initial stabilization using orthodontic bands, followed by coronal coverage restorations. One-hundred-and-twenty-five patients with a cracked tooth with reversible pulpitis each were recruited. Preoperative patient and tooth data were collected. After definitive pulp diagnoses were determined following an interim period of orthodontic banding, coronal coverage restorations were placed. Cox and logistic regression analyses were used to assess possible prognostic factors and to correlate initial time to pulp stabilization while in orthodontic bands with eventual outcome. Pulp survival was determined using both clinical and radiographic findings. One-hundred-and-six cracked teeth were followed up at 1 year. Pulp survival based on clinical and radiographic findings was found in 81 teeth (76.4%). Out of 25 failures, 11 (44%) required root canal treatment (RCT) in the orthodontic band stage and 10 (40%) required RCT during the process of or after coronal coverage restorations. Four teeth (16%) had incidental findings of periapical radiolucencies at the 1-year review without clinical symptoms. Teeth requiring RCT were found to have required longer periods in orthodontic bands prior to a definitive pulp diagnosis (P <.05). A step-by-step approach by using orthodontic banding to monitor pulp status may reduce the incidence of RCT required through definitive coronal coverage restorations for cracked teeth with reversible pulpitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The article is an editor's column titled "Broken Record, or a Truth That Bears Repeating?" The author discusses feeling overwhelmed by various tasks and responsibilities, both at home and at work. They reflect on the need to revisit their organizational strategy and align tasks with goals. The author also emphasizes the importance of transparency and vulnerability, sharing their own experiences with students and receiving support in return. The article concludes with announcements about the incoming editor of the publication and a new feature called Timeless TIP, which highlights past articles. The author expresses gratitude for the hard work and kindness of readers. [Extracted from the article]

The current electroencephalography (EEG) measurement setup is complex, laborious to set up, and uncomfortable for patients. We hypothesize that differences in EEG signal characteristics for sleep staging between the left and right hemispheres are negligible; therefore, there is potential to simplify the current measurement setup. We aimed to investigate the technical hemispheric differences in EEG signal characteristics along with electrooculography (EOG) signals during different sleep stages. Type II portable polysomnography (PSG) recordings of 50 patients were studied. Amplitudes and power spectral densities (PSDs) of the EEG and EOG signals were compared between the left (C3-M2, F3-M2, O1-M2, and E1-M2) and the right (C4-M1, F4-M1, O2-M1, and E2-M2) hemispheres. Regression analysis was performed to investigate the potential influence of sleep stages on the hemispheric differences in PSDs. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were also employed to calculate the effect size of hemispheres across different frequency bands and sleep stages. The results showed statistically significant differences in signal characteristics between hemispheres, but the absolute differences were minor. The median hemispheric differences in amplitudes were smaller than 3 μv with large interquartile ranges during all sleep stages. The absolute and relative PSD characteristics were highly similar between hemispheres in different sleep stages. Additionally, there were negligible differences in the effect size between hemispheres across all sleep stages. Technical signal differences between hemispheres were minor across all sleep stages, indicating that both hemispheres contain similar information needed for sleep staging. A reduced measurement setup could be suitable for sleep staging without the loss of relevant information. • Interhemispheric differences in EEG and EOG signals were minor across sleep stages. • A simplified EEG setup could enable accurate at-home sleep staging. • Results are in line with the AASM's minimum EEG signal requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ARSC Journal's "Recently Received" article provides a comprehensive list of newly published music-related books, covering a wide range of topics from vinyl records to jazz history. Authors like Mark Powell, Jeffrey Sultanof, and Elizabeth A. Wells contribute to this diverse collection, offering insights into various aspects of music culture and history. The list includes titles such as "In the Groove: The Vinyl Record and Turntable Revolution" and "Queer Arrangements: Billy Strayhorn and Midcentury Jazz Collaboration," catering to a broad audience interested in music scholarship and research. [Extracted from the article]

Complexes PyrDPE-RuCl and PyrDPE-Ruacac with a π-extended 2,7-di(4-phenylethynyl)pyrene linker undergo simultaneous one-electron oxidations of their {Ru}-styryl entities. The absence of an intervalence charge-transfer (IVCT) band at intermediate stages, where the mixed-valent, singly oxidized radical cation is present, and spin density confinement to the terminal styryl ruthenium site(s) are tokens of a lack of electronic coupling between the {Ru} entities across the π-conjugated linker. The close similarity of the linker-based π → π* bands in the complexes and the free ligand and their insensitivity towards oxidations at the terminal sites indicate that the central pyrenyl fluorophore is electronically decoupled from the electron-rich {Ru}-styryl termini. As a consequence, the complexes offer stable pyrene-based fluorescence emissions at 77 K, which are red-shifted from that of the linker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The obituary in "Perception" pays tribute to the late Sophie Wuerger, a respected scientist in the visual perception community who passed away in 2024 after battling cancer. Sophie's research focused on various aspects of visual perception, particularly color and motion, and she made significant contributions to the field. Described as adventurous and intense, Sophie's zest for life and dedication to her work left a lasting impact on her colleagues and students, who remember her fondly for her patience, energy, and intellectual curiosity. Her absence is deeply felt in the scientific community, where she was known for enlivening discussions and fostering a sense of camaraderie at vision conferences. [Extracted from the article]

The study of electroencephalographic (EEG) signals in nonhuman primates has led to important discoveries in neurophysiology and sleep behavior. Several studies have analyzed digital EEG data from primate species with prehensile tails, like the spider monkey, and principal component analysis has led to the identification of new EEG bands and their spatial distribution during sleep and wakefulness in these monkeys. However, the spatial location of the EEG correlations of these new bands during the sleep–wake cycle in the spider monkey has not yet been explored. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the spatial distribution of EEG correlations in the new bands during wakefulness, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and non‐REM sleep in this species. EEG signals were obtained from the scalp of six monkeys housed in experimental conditions in a laboratory setting. Regarding the 1–21 Hz band, a significant correlation between left frontal and central regions was recorded during non‐REM 2 sleep. In the REM sleep, a significant correlation between these cortical areas was seen in two bands: 1–3 and 3–13 Hz. This reflects a modification of the degree of coupling between the cortical areas studied, associated with the distinct stages of sleep. The intrahemispheric EEG correlation found between left perceptual and motor regions during sleep in the spider monkey could indicate activation of a neural circuit for the processing of environmental information that plays a critical role in monitoring the danger of nocturnal predation. Research Highlights: The correlation between the left motor and frontal cortices in the 1–21 Hz band during nonrapid eye movement sleep stage 2 sleep indicates information processing and motor preparation to decrease vulnerability to nocturnal predators.The slow waves produced between the left hemisphere's prefrontal and motor cortices during rapid eye movement sleep are associated with sensory disconnection, and may act as a component of the cortical mechanisms that propagate ponto‐geniculo‐occipital waves.The spatial differences in electroencephalographic correlations between the right and left hemispheres reflect processes of cerebral lateralization associated with arboreal life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The instinctive essence of the Hyperspectral imagery cube is its immense information having both spatial and spectral correlation. In the interest of reducing the storage and bandwidth requisites, an effective lossless Hyperspectral compression system is proposed. The imagery is enforced to preprocessing stage preceding decorrelation. Preprocessing stage comprises band normalization and band ordering techniques. A technique named Greedy heap sorting is addressed to sort the bands. The proposed plan accords with a Compression ratio (CR) of 8.12 and bits per pixel (bpp) of 1.67. The performance of the system is comparable to earlier algorithms for lossless Hyperspectral image compression concerning compression ratio and bpp. An experiment conducted on AVIRIS images substantiates that the methodology presented surpasses the IP3-OBPS-BPS method by a percentage increase of 116.44 in CR and a percentage decrease of 58.49 in bpp. The multiscale High Dynamic Range (HDR) approach is used to project Hyperspectral images on devices with Low Dynamic Range (LDR) devices. The Bilateral filter is used for the decomposition of the image into multiple base layers and detail layer. The PSNR obtained is 37.4911 for the compressed HDR image, which signifies the better quality of the reconstructed image with a 4.8% compression ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wonderbrass is a community music band that performs professionally. This article—written by three members of the band—uses collaborative/conversational autoethnography to explore the significance of the band through the lens of spirituality. After a brief overview of the history and ethos of the band, the autoethnographic methodology is discussed with particular attention to its significance for the investigation of music and spirituality. The rest of the article uses this methodology to explore the authors' relationships, first to religion and spirituality, and then to their shared experience of Wonderbrass through the period of lockdown and subsequent emergence from that period. Through the conversational autoethnographic writing of the authors and analysis of emerging themes, the band is identified as supporting a spirituality that we identify as collective joy, experienced through fun, connection, and joy as sources of happiness, wellbeing, and flourishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The history of military music records the work of several great personalities of the genre, capable soldiers and accomplished musicians. Their musical, organizational and military activity directly influenced the existence of military and civilian fanfare bands in Romania. Ioan Vlăduță is a representative name for the first half of the 20th century, going through all the stages from band boy, instrumentalist, conductor, band leader, to the supreme position of general inspector of Romanian Military Music. His life intertwined compositional, conducting and coordinating activity - both in peacetime and during the years of the First World War, at the front. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cover crops can be used to provide some of the nitrogen (N) needs of a cash crop to complement mineral fertilizers or manure, but there has yet been limited work to describe corn (Zea mays L.) yield as a function of cover crop quality and N inputs. We investigated the response of corn yield to gradients of both preceding cover crop C:N ratio and poultry litter (PL) application rates in Beltsville, MD during 2012–2014. To achieve different C:N ratios of the cover crops, hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth. "Groff") and cereal rye (Secale cereale L. "Aroostook") were seeded in a replacement series of six seeding rate proportions, resulting in shoot C:N ratios of 9.2:1 to 152:1 across years. For each hairy vetch/cereal rye sown proportions, PL was side‐dressed at corn V5–V8 stage in subsurface bands (SSB) at four targeted rates: Zero, P‐based (67 kg plant available nitrogen [PAN] ha−1), N‐based (135 kg PAN ha−1), and excess N and P (269 kg PAN ha−1). We found that corn yield followed a linear‐plateau relationship across these two dimensions. Within the linear region, each unit increase in log‐scaled cover crop C:N ratio resulted in a yield decrease of 2.56 ± 0.26 Mg ha−1 at a given rate of SSB PL. To optimize corn yields, we describe a model where each unit increase in log‐scaled cover crop C:N ratio required an additional 45.9 ± 6.22 kg PAN ha−1 from SSB PL. Yields following winter fallow were typically intermediate to the range of yields observed following the gradient of cover crop C:N ratios. We did not find significant differences in corn yield responses when comparing SSB PL to at‐planting incorporated or broadcast PL; we also found no significant differences between SSB PL and surface‐banded urea ammonium nitrate. Taken together, our approach of modeling yield response across two dimensions can be widely used to guide adaptive N management in subsequent cash crops following winter cover crops, thereby balancing both economic and environmental objectives in cover crop‐based cropping systems. Core Ideas: Corn yield is modeled against gradients of cover crop C:N ratios and poultry litter rates.For each unit increase in log‐scaled cover crop C:N ratios, corn yields decreased by 2.56 Mg ha−1.For each unit increase, an additional 45.9 kg PAN ha−1 from poultry litter is required to optimize corn yields.Corn yield response under cover crops is not affected by poultry litter application methods and timings.Corn yield response under cover crops is not affected by additional N fertility sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stress the use of safer options such as biological control to avoid the hazards of chemical nematicides. UV irradiation has been used to induce mutations and improve protease overproduction. All mutants recorded significant decreases in nematode-related parameters when compared with the wild type and control. Mutant number one (M1) achieved high protease activity about 2.5 fold. At two concentrations of the wild type Bacillus cereus and their mutants effect on percentage mortality of Meloidogyne incognita juveniles. M1 achieves the highest mortality, 99.33 %, and achieved greatest reductions in the number of juveniles in soil, juveniles/5 g root, galls, and egg-masses recorded 89.76 %, 90.16 %, 85.29 %, and 89.11 %, respectively. M1 achieved the best increase of the growth parameters of plant length, number of branches, number of leaves, and fresh weight of leaves recorded 54.35 %, 71.45 %, 169.44 %, and 256.17 %, respectively. These results are in harmony with those of leaves water soluble-protein electrophoretic patterns after one month and the end of the application, which showed that the plant exposed to M1 exhibited the highest number of bands in both stages of application and appeared unique band at M. W 55kDa after one month of application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholars have developed a vast literature that helps firms internationalise products and brands. Yet, there is comparatively limited work that examines the internationalisation strategies of cultural products. Through a case study of 31 visual kei rock bands, this study sheds light onto the patterns, objectives, and timing of internationalised cultural products. The results suggest that visual kei musicians adopt one of two internationalisation strategies: "standard internationalisation" or the "Ouroboros strategy." Standard internationalisation is a linear strategy, where the objective is market growth through the acquisition of consumers in international markets, and where internationalisation can occur as early as the introduction stage of a product's life. The Ouroboros strategy is a nuanced strategy where the pattern of internationalisation is circular, the objectives include market expansion and cultural goals, the target markets are both foreign and domestic consumers, and where internationalisation occurs in the growth and mature stages of bands' life cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shear deformation in commercial magnesium alloys frequently resulted in an additional atypical texture where the basal plane aligned nearly parallel to the extrusion direction, affecting the alloy's mechanical anisotropy. This study prepared AZ31 magnesium alloys with both typical shear texture and atypical texture using a two-stage shear method at 250 °C, 290 °C, and 340 °C. The formation mechanism of the bimodal texture and their relationship with dynamic grain refinement and deformation parameters were comprehensively investigated. While temperature-dependent activation of slip usually contributed to the atypical texture, this study identified a { 10 1 ¯ 2 } twin associated microstructure that reinforced the abnormal texture at lower processing temperature. It was found that the abundant nucleation of the multi-orientation { 10 1 ¯ 2 } twin bands in the initial stage and their differential slip activations facilitated the evolution of an alternating banded structures characterized by bimodal texture. These microstructures inherited the grain boundary rotation axis of { 10 1 ¯ 2 } twin and was potentially assimilated into specialized θ [ 11 2 ¯ 0 ] symmetric tilt grain boundaries with lower interface energy during continuous shear, stabilizing the bimodal texture. During shear deformation, grain nucleation strengthened the [ 10 1 ¯ 0 ] − [ 11 2 ¯ 0 ] fibers with bimodal texture by generating ∼30°[0001] grain boundaries through the preferential accumulation of prismatic dislocations. However, more continuous dynamic recrystallization, discontinuous dynamic recrystallization, and micro-shear bands facilitated the nucleation of grains with dispersed basal orientations via dominant non-prismatic dislocations, weakening the overall texture. Besides, the mechanical anisotropy of the alloys was comprehensively influenced by atypical texture and microstructure. At higher deformation temperatures, the reduction in twinning bands and the increase in dynamic recrystallization level relieved the alloy's tension-compression asymmetry, but deprived its yield strength. This study supplemented the formation mechanisms of bimodal texture during shear deformation, providing valuable insights for optimizing wrought magnesium alloys with superior mechanical properties. • The DRX and bimodal texture evolution mechanism of AZ31 Mg alloy during shear process is revealed. • The atypical texture is abnormally strengthened at lower process temperature, breaking the dependence on the slip. • The {10-12} twin associated deformed grain is revealed to reinforce the abnormal texture at lower process temperature. • The grain nucleation with dispersed basal orientations via DRX and micro-shear band facilitates overall texture weakening. • The grain nucleation strengthens the conventional [ 10 1 ¯ 0 ] − [ 11 2 ¯ 0 ] fiber texture by generating ~30°[0001] GBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here we present an analysis of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a correlation matrix that contains intra- and inter-frequency band correlations for narrow band filtered EEG signals of healthy subjects during sleep. We find that inter-band correlations of the same electrode are particularly suitable for distinguishing different sleep stages. However, largest eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenvectors show an extremely stable behavior during night sleep, while sleep stages manifest via specific deviations from an overall stable structure expressed by relative eigenvalues and deviations from average eigenvectors. Concluding that valuable information is encoded along the whole spectrum of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the correlation matrix, we interpret our results in term of dynamical system theory. • Eigenvalues and eigenvectors correlation matrices from EEG during sleep reveal distinct patterns. • Inter-band correlations are effective in distinguishing between different sleep stages. • Largest eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenvectors exhibit stable behavior throughout night sleep. • Sleep stages are characterized by deviations from this stable structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]