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Objective To investigate the protective effects of Sulforaphane (SFN) against high glucose (HG)-induced human platelet apoptosis and elucidate the underlying mechanisms in vitro. Methods Purified platelets obtained from healthy individuals were pre-incubated with various concentrations of SFN (5, 10, or 20 μmol/L) or a vehicle control (0.05% DMSO) for 40 minutes at 37 °C. Subsequently, the platelets were stimulated with normal glucose (NG, 5 mmol/L) or high glucose (HG, 25 mmol/L) for an additional duration of 90 minutes. Flow cytometry was employed to assess platelet mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization (Δψm), exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS), and generation of total intraplatelet reactive oxygen species (ROS). Phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt were determined using Western blot. Results Compared to NG-treated human platelets, HG significantly induced depolarization of platelet Δψm and exposure of PS (P < 0.001). These effects of HG were markedly attenuated by various concentrations of SFN (P < 0.001). Mechanistically, SFN down-regulated the phosphorylation levels of PI3K (P < 0.01) and Akt (P < 0.05), which were increased by HG when compared to the vehicle control, and substantially reduced total intracellular ROS levels (P < 0.001). The inhibitory effects of SFN on HG-induced phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt, as well as its efficacy on total intracellular ROS generation, Δψm depolarization, and PS exposure in HG-stimulated human platelets were completely reversed by a specific agonist for PI3K, 740 Y-P. Conclusions The current study demonstrates that SFN exerts a protective effect on platelet apoptosis induced by HG, potentially through the down-regulation of the PI3K/Akt-mediated pathway in human platelets in vitro. These findings suggest that SFN may hold promise for improving thrombosis in diabetes mellitus and related chronic metabolic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the complex electromagnetic environment of cities, detection and positioning of slow and small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have always been a very challenging research topic. Usually, multiple radar observation stations are required to detect and track targets. Moreover, each radar observation station requires strict synchronisation, and the system is complex and costly. In view of this, under the condition of known prior information of urban geography, this study proposes a method to locate UAVs in complex electromagnetic environments, which use multiple virtual mirror synchronous radars constructed by multipaths and created by the complex buildings in urban environments. First, the simulation model is constructed, and the corresponding simulation parameters are given. Then, the algorithm for solving the single‐station radar location is proposed, and the algorithm is verified by the simulation of a ray propagation model. Finally, the proposed algorithm is further verified based on the measured data captured by the radar system in Section 2. The results show that the proposed algorithm based on the single‐station radar is able to locate the UAV in both line‐of‐sight and non‐line‐of‐sight site, and its positioning accuracy is better than 1 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study aimed to explore the relationship between family function and altruistic behavior in adolescents, while also investigating the potential mediating roles of extraverted personality and perceived social support., Methods: Surveys were administered to high school students across various schools in Guangdong Province, utilizing the Family APGAR Questionnaire, Extraversion Personality Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Altruistic Behavior Scale. A total of 972 valid questionnaires were collected for analysis., Results: The findings revealed that family function did not directly predict altruistic behavior. However, extraverted personality and perceived social support were identified as mediators between family function and altruistic behavior. Furthermore, both extraverted personality and perceived social support acted as chain mediators in this relationship., Discussion: These results emphasize the importance of considering family dynamics in understanding adolescent altruistic behavior and highlight the potential pathways through which family function influences altruistic tendencies. Promoting positive family environments and enhancing extraverted personality and perceived social support may facilitate the cultivation of altruistic behavior in adolescents., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Gao, Cui, Bi, Qing, Chen, Shi, Song and Ma.)

Nowadays the phenomenon of academic misconduct (such as plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, etc.) is very frequent. The reasons for academic misconduct are involved in the problems in graduate education system, social environment and students themselves. Therefore, colleges and universities should place great emphasis on constructing a healthy school environment and academic atmosphere for failure tolerance with the help of high-tech modern means. It also needs to improve the academic supervision and evaluation system, strengthen the punishments for academic misconduct and enhance the mentor's exemplary role in education. The eventual goal for our education is to obtain innovative talents who are integrity, respect science and truth, and are good samples for academic performances.