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peer-reviewed, The literature data about nutritional characteristics of linseed cultivars from a specific geographical area or country are rather scarce. This is the first study to document differences across autochthonous linseed cultivars in Serbia. Our paper is presenting chemical and mineral compositions of linseed cultivars, their fatty acid compositions and antioxidant capacity of lipid-soluble components, which might be interesting, especially due to the increasing trend of linseed usage in human diet. The examined linseed cultivars statistically differed (p ≤ 0.05) in the content of protein (from 18.9% to 27.0%) and fat (from 34.1% to 40.7%). The highest content of α-linolenic acid (C18:3ω-3) was recorded in the cultivar labelled with No. 5 (61.1%), while cultivar No. 17 showed the most favourable ω-6:ω-3 ratio (0.16). The highest antioxidant capacity of lipid-soluble substances (ACL) was found in cultivar No. 18 – 392.4 μmol trolox kg-1 dry matter. Cultivars with higher ACL value have stronger protection against oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Nevertheless, it seems that ACL is more affected by a cultivar, than by fatty acid composition. The aforementioned results could be useful for determination of shelf life of linseed, or its products, while the fatty acid composition of linseed seeds might be one of the criteria for the authentication of linseed origin. The presented results could be of great help in the future selection of the cultivars, depending on the purpose of linseed production., The authors thank Project of bilateral cooperation between Republic of Slovenia and Republic of Serbia “Influence of thermal treatments on antioxidative capacity, oxidative stability and nutritive value of animal feed” for financial support. The results presented in this paper are also a part of Research Project III46012 funded by Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development.

Broomcorn breeding program at Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops Novi Sad has been in continuation since 1952. According to the demand of broomcorn and broom producers, in several cycles during this period, five generations of breeders have exploited wealthy genetic collection and created 11 broomcorn cultivars. In the beginning, the primary target was creation of European dwarf type cultivars. This phase has resulted in three cultivars 'Bački biser', 'Neoplanta' and 'Panonija'. Next phase, which was crowned with cultivars 'Sava', 'Tisa', 'Jumak' and 'Jantar', was focused on higher yield and better quality of broomcorn brushes. Contemporary cultivars 'Reform' and 'Neoplanta plus' which preserve good agro-technological traits of former cultivars, are selected to early maturity and fiber fineness. Selection of new cultivars 'Tan Sava' and 'No. 5' was concentrated on elimination of red coloration of panicles and even earlier maturity. Newly selected inbred lines tolerant to plant diseases and with positive panicle exertion are presently tested as parental lines in experimental hybrids. U Institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo Novi Sad program oplemenjivanja sirka metlaša u kontinuitetu traje od 1952. godine. Polazeći od zahteva proizvođača sirka i metli, tokom ovog perioda pet generacija oplemenjivača je u nekoliko ciklusa stvorilo 11 sorti koristeći bogatu genetsku kolekciju. U samom početku primarni cilj je bio stvaranje sorti u tipu evropskog niskog sirka iz čega su proizišle tri najstarije sorte 'Bački biser', 'Neoplanta' i 'Panonija'. Sledeća faza koja je krunisana sortama 'Sava', 'Tisa', 'Jumak' i 'Jantar' odnosila se na povećanje prinosa i poboljšanje kvaliteta sirkove slame. Sada gajene sorte 'Reform' i 'Neoplanta plus' pored očuvanja povoljnih agrotehnoloških osobina selekcionisane su na ranozrelost, odnosno finoću slame. Kod sorti koje su u priznavanju 'Tan Sava' i 'No. 5', akcenat je dat na odstranjenju crvenog bojenja metlice i na još izraženije skraćenje vegetacionog perioda. Novostvorene linije, otporne prema bolestima i sa eksponiranom metlicom, kao roditeljske komponente testiraju se u eksperimentalnim hibridima.

Organic breeding is a new trend in plant breeding aimed at breeding of organic cultivars adapted to conditions and expectations of organic plant production. The best proof for the need of organic cultivars is the existence of interaction between the performances of genotypes with the kind of production (conventional or organic) (graph. 1). The adaptation to low-input conditions of organic production by more eddicient uptake and utilization of plant nutrients is especially important for organic cultivars. One of the basic mechanism of weed control in organic production is the competition of organic cultivars and weeds i.e. the enhanced ability of organic cultivars to suppress the weeds. Resistance/tolerance to diseases and pests is among the most important expectations toward the organic cultivars. In comparison with the methods of conventional plant breeding, in case of organic plant breeding limitations exist in choice of methods for creation of variability and selection classified as permitted, conditionally permitted and banned. The use of genetically modified organisms and their derivated along with induced mutations is not permitted in organic production. The use of molecular markers in organic plant breeding is the only permitted modern method of biotechnology. It is not permitted to patent the breeding material of organic plant breeding or the organic cultivars. . Organsko oplemenjivanje je novi pravac u oplemenjivanju biljaka čiji je cilj stvaranje tzv. organskih sorti poljoprivrednog bilja koje su prilagođene uslovima i zahtevima organske proizvodnje. Najbolji dokaz potrebe stvaranja organskih sorti je postojanje interakcije između performasni genotipova i načina proizvodnje (konvencionalni ili organski). Za organske sorte posebno je izražena potreba prilagođenosti low-input uslovima organske proizvodnje putem efikasnijeg usvajanja i korišćenja biljnih hraniva. Jedan od osnovnih mehanizama borbe protiv korova u organskoj proizvodnji je konkurentnost organskih sorti i korova tj. izražena moć ugušivanja korova od strane organske sorte. Otpornost/tolerantnost na bolesti i štetočine je među najvažnijim očekivanjima prema organskim sortama. U poređenju sa metodama konvencionalnog oplemenjivanja, u organskom oplemenjivanju biljaka postoje određena ograničenja pri izboru metode stvaranja varijabilnosti i selekcije koje se mogu svrstati u dozvoljene, uslovno dozvoljene i zabranjene. Upotreba genetički modifikovanih organizama ili njihovih derivata kao i indukovane mutacije u organskoj proizvodnji nije dozvoljena. Od metoda savremene biotehnologije u organskom oplemenjivanju jedino je dozvoljena metoda molekularnih markera. Patentiranje selekcionog materijala iz organskog oplemenjivanja ili organskih sorti nije dozvoljeno. .

Five viruses: Potato Virus Y (PVY), Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus, Cucumber Mosaic Virus, Tobacco Mosaic Virus and Alfalfa Mosaic Virus, of which PVY was predominant, were detected by serological testing of tobacco samples collected from many localities in Vojvodina in 2006. Viruses are the most important pathogens in tobacco and PVY causes considerable economic damages all over the world. A PVY population comprises several different strain groups, strain subgroups and recombinant strains. Among these, PVYN (necrotic strain) and PVYO (ordinary strain) cause the greatest yield and quality losses in tobacco. Identification of a prevalent strain in a PVY population is the basis of proper tobacco genotype selection for resistance against this significant virus. Typical symptoms caused by PVY were observed by monitoring tobacco crops in our country in 2006. The symptoms occurred as changes in the general plant appearance, as well as necrotic areas on leaves, petiols, stems and flowers. The initial symptoms of veinal necrosis were expanded throughout the leaf, causing reddish-brown (copper) plant color and premature death of lower leaves. Plants with these symptoms occurred in all monitored localities and their frequency was high. In order to understand various epidemiological aspects of the diseases caused by PVY and to prevent its occurrence and spreading in tobacco crops, it is necessary to properly identify this virus in time. Biological, serological and molecular identification of the virus and its prevalent strain was carried out in order to determine tobacco disease ethiology. The results obtained suggest that this prevalent strain of PVY has been spreading progressively in our country in recent years. Although PVYN is widely spread in tobacco crops in Europe, its destructiveness, disease intensity and wide distribution in Serbia were established only in the last two years. PVY necrotic strain was detected mainly in single infections, although it was also present in mixed infections with other tobacco viruses. Serološkim testiranjem uzoraka duvana prikupljenih u više lokaliteta u Vojvodini 2006. godine detektovani su Potato Virus Y (PVY), Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus, Cucumber Mosaic Virus, Tobacco Mosaic Virus i Alfalfa Mosaic Virus, pri čemu je PVY bio dominantan. Virusi su najznačajniji prouzrokovači oboljenja duvana, a virus crtičastog mozaika krompira (PVY) izaziva ekonomski značajne štete širom sveta. Populaciju PVY čini više različitih grupa sojeva, podgrupa u okviru određenog soja i sojeva nastalih rekombinacijom. Od opisanih, PVYN (nekrotični soj) i PVYO (obični soj) prouzrokuju najveće gubitke u prinosu i kvalitetu duvana. Poznavanje predominantnog soja u populaciji PVY osnova je pravilne selekcije genotipova duvana otpornih na ovaj značajan virus. Pregledom useva duvana u Srbiji tokom 2006. godine, uočeni su tipični simptomi koje izaziva PVY. Simptomi su se ispoljavali u vidu promena opšteg izgleda biljaka, kao i nekrotičnih promena na lišću, peteljkama, stablu i cvetu. Početni simptomi nekroze nerava su se širili i zahvatali celu lisku, usled čega su biljke dobile crvenkastosmeđu (bakarnu) boju, a donje lišće je prevremeno izumiralo. Biljke sa ovakvim simptomima javljale su se u svim pregledanim lokalitetima, a učestalost pojave bila je veoma visoka. Kako bi se razumeli razni epidemiološki aspekti oboljenja koje izaziva PVY i sprečila njegova pojava i širenje u usevu duvana, neophodna je pravilna i pravovremena identifikacija virusa. U cilju razjašnjavanja etiologije izvršena je biološka, serološka i molekularna identifikacija virusa i njegovog prevalentnog soja koji je očigledno u progresivnom širenju poslednjih godina na duvanu u našoj zemlji. Iako je PVYN široko rasprostranjen na duvanu u Evropi, destruktivnost, visok intenzitet zaraze i široka rasprostranjenost ustanovljeni su u Srbiji tek poslednje dve godine. Nekrotični soj PVY detektovan je uglavnom u pojedinačnim infekcijama, mada je, u manjoj meri, dokazan i u mešanim infekcijama sa drugim virusima duvana.

Infection with a large number of plant viruses could imperil tobacco yield and quality. Tobacco is a natural host for more than 20 viruses, among which the most important and economically harmful are tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), potato virus Y (PVY), alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), tobacco ring-spot virus (TRSV), tobacco each virus (TEV) and tobacco vein mottling virus (TVMV). The occurrence and distribution of tobacco viruses were investigated for 4 years (20022005). During this period many different tobacco growing localities in Vojvodina and central Serbia were monitored and samples showing virus symptoms were collected. The collected samples were tested by DAS ELISA using polyclonal antisera, specific for the detection of PVY, TSWV, TMV, CMV, AMV and TRSV. The results obtained for the tobacco virus distribution during these four years of investigation proved the presence of four economically important viruses in our country, whose frequencies varied from year to year. In 2002, 2003 and 2004, the most frequent was TSWV (86.84%; 79% and 49.56%, respectively), while in 2005 PVY was prevalent (56.16%). All viruses detected in the samples tested were present in single or mixed infections. A correlation was established between the field symptoms on tobacco and the virus causal agents. The results obtained showed that TSWV and PVY were the most important tobacco viruses in our country, so that further research of tobacco virus diseases should be directed towards their more detailed characterization. Prinos i kvalitet duvana mogu da budu ugroženi usled zaraze velikim brojem fitopatogenih virusa. Duvan je prirodni domaćin preko 20 virusa od kojih su najznačajniji i ekonomski najštetniji virus mozaika duvana (Tobacco mosaic virus, TMV), virus bronzavosti paradajza (Tomato spotted wilt virus, TSWV), virus mozaika krastavca (Cucumber mosaic virus, CMV), virus crtičastog mozaika krompira (Potato virus Y, PVY), virus mozaika lucerke (Alfalfa mosaic virus, AMV), virus prstenaste pegavosti duvana (Tobacco ringspot virus, TRSV), virus graviranosti duvana (Tobacco each virus, TEV) i virus šarenila nerava duvana (Tobacco vein mottling virus, TVMV). Prisustvo i rasprostranjenost virusnih zaraza duvana su ispitivani tokom četiri godine, od 2002. do 2005. Pregled i sakupljanje uzoraka sa simptomima obavljeno je u više različitih lokaliteta gajenja duvana u Vojvodini i centralnoj Srbiji. Sakupljeni uzorci su testirani DASELISA metodom na prisustvo PVY, TSWV, TMV, CMV, AMV i TRSV. Dobijeni rezultati ispitivanja ukazuju na prisustvo četiri ekonomski značajna virusa duvana u našoj zemlji i to: TSWV, PVY, TMV i CMV, čija je učestalost po pojedinim godinama i lokalitetima bila različita. Tokom 2002, 2003. i 2004. godine najčešće detektovan virus bio je TSWV (86,84%; 70%, odnosno 49,56%), dok je 2005. godine prevalentan virus bio PVY (56,16%). Svi virusi čije je prisustvo utvrđeno u ispitivanim uzorcima nalazili su se u pojedinačnim ili mešanim infekcijama. Bez obzira na izraženu varijabilnost u ispoljenim simptomima virusnih zaraza na duvanu, ustanovljena je zavisnost tipa ispoljenih simptoma od virusa prouzrokovača. Sprovedena ispitivanja pokazala su da su TSWV i PVY najznačajniji virusi duvana u našoj zemlji, tako da buduća ispitivanja viroza duvana treba da budu usmerena ka detaljnijoj karakterizaciji ovih ekonomski štetnih virusa.

During the period 2010-2011 about 2.113 million ha of buckwheat was sown annually worldwide. Average yield of buckwheat during the monitored period was 913 kg ha-1. Areas and average yield have a rising tendency. The most significant producers of buckwheat in the world are: China, Russia and Ukraine. In Serbia buckwheat is produced on small areas. The paper presents results of testing of four buckwheat varieties, produced on plots of the Institute for crops and vegetables as follows: Novosadska, Godijevo, Bamby and Češka. Analysis of average yield has shown that Novosadska variety produced statistically significant higher yield (2626 kg ha-1) compared to the other varieties tested (p, Original scientific paper

The aim of this investigation was to study the ecological stability of yield components (weight of undressed and trashed panicle and seed weight per panicle) in fourteen varieties of broomcorn. Our current varieties was compared with our old, Hungarian and American varieties. Investigations were carried out under field conditions in a micro trial set up in a randomized block design providing five replications in seven ecologically different years. Stability parameters were computed using the model of Eberhart and Russell (1966). The results of this investigation showed that the genotypes differed in stability parameters for the characters studied. Variety Sava show good stability in all growing conditions. Variety Neoplanta plus was adapted to favorable and variety Reform to unfavorable conditions. Varieties with best performances in regard to yield components did not also show best stability. U radu je ispitivana stabilnost komponenti prinosa sada gajenih domaćih sorti strka metlaša upoređenju sa starim domaćim, mađarskim i američkim sortama. Sorta Sava je ispoljila dobru stabilnost u svim uslovima gajenja. Sorta Neoplanta plus se pokazala usko adaptirana povoljnim uslovima spoljne sredine. Sorta Reform je bila prosečno stabilna u nepovoljnim uslovima.

Number of organic producers and the area under certified organic production in Serbia is continuously increasing, due to growing market demand for healthy food. Organic production of various corn hybrids (popping corn, sweet corn, white-seeded corn.) in the world, but also in our country has found its place on the safe food consumers market. Studies were performed during 2011 and 2012 on experimental field of the Institute for Vegetable and Field Crops, Hops, Sorghum and Medicinal Plants Department in Bački Petrovac. The experiment was set up on certified plot, as two-factorial according to split plot design with four corn hybrids: ZP 555su, NS 620k, NS 609b and NS 6030 (the paper will present the results of three hybrids) and two fertilization systems: foliar fertilization with organic fertilizer guano with increasing concentrations and treatment of seed corn variety by Azotobacter chroococcum strain also with three different concentrations. The aim of the study was to determine whether different concentrations of Azotobacter chroococcum strain - bio-fertilizer with which the corn seed was treated and increasing concentrations of organic fertilizer guano, foliar applied through two fertilizations, affect the yield and quality of corn grain. The results of two years lasting studies of joint action of foliar application of increasing guano concentrations and decreasing concentration of Azotobacter strain in hybrids NS 620k and hybrid NS-6030, significantly increased corn grain yield in comparison to the unfertilized control variant. In the treatment with the highest applied concentration of guano in fertilization, and the lowest concentration of Azotobacter chroococcum for popping corn seed treatment, statistically higher yield was achieved in comparison to the treatments with lower concentrations of the applied fertilizer and bacterium strain. Statistically, higher yield of hybrid NS 620k was achieved in 2011, at all treatments with joint action of guano and Azotobacter, in relation to the treatments only by Azotobacter chroococcum. In both years of the study, in the grain yield of the hybrid NS 609b, there were no statistically significant differences between fertilized treatments and control, as well as between differently applied concentrations per treatment.

Sorghum as a tropical crop has some physiological predispositions for tolerance to unfavourable environmental conditions. Nevertheless, its genetic potential for yield is limited by influence of abiotic stress. The lack of water leads to water stress as one of the most important abiotic stresses, affecting plants at any growth phase. There are a few physiological tolerance factors recorded in sorghum species. Due to molecular marker analysis genomic regions responsible for pre- and post-flowering drought tolerance are identified. Integration of physiology, agronomy and molecular biology is substantial for development of elite drought-tolerant parental lines. . Sirak kao biljna vrsta tropskog porekla ima određene fiziološke predispozicije za tolerantnost prema nepovoljnim uslovima spoljne sredine. Genetski potencijal sirka za prinos je ipak u znatnoj meri limitiran usled delovanja abiotičkog stresa. Stres izazvan nedostatkom vlage predstavlja najznačajniji abiotički uticaj kome biljke mogu biti izložene tokom cele vegetacije. Kod sirka je zabeleženo i opisano nekoliko fizioloških faktora tolerantnosti prema suši. Pomoću analize molekularnih markera identifikovani su genomski regioni odgovorni za pre- i post-flowering tolerantnost. Za stvaranje elitnih roditeljskih linija sirka tolerantnih prema suši neophodna je integracija fiziologije, agronomije i molekularne biologije. .

This study was carried out on Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, fields in Backi Petrovac, Serbia in conventional (2010-2012) and organic (2012) cropping systems. The results of four buckwheat varieties: Novosadska, Darja, Prekmurska and Francuska are presented here. The average yield that all tested buckwheat variety obtained in 2010 was significantly higher than 2011 value, respectively (p lt 0,05). Genotype, year and their interaction showed statistical significance (p lt 0.05, p lt 0.01). The differences of significance from the point of production cropping systems on the average value of the traits were statistically not significant (p gt 0.05). This piece of data is extremely important because of the knowledge that buckwheat can be successfully grown in organic production. Istraživanja su sprovedena na parcelama Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, u Bačkom Petrovcu, u uslovima konvencionalnog, 2010-2012.,i organskog sistema gajenja, tokom 2012. U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja četiri sorte heljde: Novosadska, Darja, Prekmurska i Francuska. Prosečni prinosi heljde kod svih ispitivanih genotipova u 2010. godini bili su visoko signifikantno viši u odnosu na 2011. godinu (p lt 0,05). Genotip, godina i njihova interakcija pokazuju statističku značajnost (p lt 0.05). Ustanovljene razlike značajnosti sa stanovišta uticaja sistema proizvodnje na prosečne vrednosti ispitivanih osobina statistički nisu bile signifikantne (p >0,05). Ovaj podatak je izuzetno važan zbog saznanja da se heljda može vrlo uspešno proizvoditi i u organskoj proizvodnji.

Field trail with broomcorn was set up during three agro climatic divergent years (2006, 2009, 2011) in Bački Petrovac, Serbia. Components of plant height were analyzed on nine different origin broomcorn varieties. Relationships between components of height were determined by correlation and path analysis. Panicle length is a stabile trait of broomcorn composed of peduncle length and fiber length. Increasing fiber length is connected with decreasing peduncle length which is in direct connection with panicle exertion. Negative value of panicle exertion is the main problem in manual harvest of broomcorn panicles. Fiber length is directly influenced by panicle length, peduncle length and panicle exertion. These traits can be taken as a selection criterion in program of broomcorn breeding for fiber length. Poljski ogledi sa sirkom metlašem su izvođeni tokom tri agroklimatski divergentne godine (2006, 2009, 2011.) na lokalitetu Bački Petrovac. Analizirane su komponente visine devet sorti različitog porekla. Na osnovu rezultata korelacione i path koeficijent analize determinisana je priroda povezanosti komponenti visine sirka metlaša. Dužina metlice je stabilna osobina sirka metlaša koja se sastoji od dužine drške i dužine peteljki. Sa povećanjem dužine peteljki dolazi do smanjenja dužine drške usled čega se smanjuje i eksponiranost metlice, što predstavlja osnov- ni problem pri ručnoj žetvi. Na formiranje dužine peteljki ima značajan direktan uticaj dužina metlice, dužina drške metlice i eksponiranost metlice. Ove osobine se mogu posmatrati kao selekcioni kriterijum pri definisanju programa oplemenjivanja sirka metlaša na dužinu peteljki.

In organic production systems, production of sweet corn, which is used exclusively for human consumption, can be very important. In such systems, an important role has use of biofertilizers and different species of microorganisms. Investigations were carried out on the experimental field of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, in the Department of Organic agriculture and biodiversity, in 2011, in order to determine whether different treatments with Azotobacter chroococcum and different concentrations of organic fertilizers Guana influence on the concentration of total sugar in the grain. Applied concentration of Azotobacter and foliar application of Guana did not affect the difference in grain moisture, however, significant differences were observed in the total sugar content. Declining concentrations of Azotobacter affected the almost linear decrease in sugar content, while simultaneously increasing the concentration of Guana led to an increase in the total sugar content in grain, mostly in combination with high concentrations of Azotobacter. On average, foliar application of Guana increased the total sugar content of 1.6%. U sistemima organske proizvodnje, proizvodnja kukuruza šećerca, koji se isključivo koristi za ljudsku ishranu, može da ima veliku važnost. U takvim sistemima gajenja važnu ulogu ima primena biofertilizatora, odnosno različitih vrsta mikroorganizama koji svojom aktivnošću mogu da utiču na povećanje biogenosti zemljišta i njegovu ukupnu plodnost, dakle i na prinos i kvalitet zdravstveno ispravnijih proizvoda. Istraživanja su izvedena na oglednom polju Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, u Odelenju za organsku poljoprivredu i biodiverzitet u Bačkom Petrovcu, tokom 2011. godine, sa ciljem da se utvrdi da li različiti tretmani sa Azotobacter chroococcum i različite koncentracije organskog đubriva Guana utiču na sadržaj ukupnih šećera u zrnu. Primenjene koncentracije Azotobacter-a i folijarna primena Guana nisu uticale na razlike u vlažnosti zrna, međutim, značajnije razlike uočene su u sadržaju ukupnih šećera. Opadajuće koncentracije Azotobaktera uticale su na gotovo pravolinijsko opadanje sadržaja šećera, dok je istovremeno povećanje koncentracije Guana dovodilo do povećanja sadržaja ukupnih šećera u zrnu, najviše u kombinaciji sa srednjom koncentracijom Azotobaktera. U proseku, folijarno đubrenje Guanom povećalo je sadržaj ukupnih šećera za 1,6%.

The technico-technological and chemical characteristics of seed of 8 free-fertilized and hybrid sorts of oil pumpkin seed with and without hull and two commercial samples of oil pumpkin were investigated. Liter mass and mass of 1000 grains were determined and the percentage of hull in seed samples with hull. The chemical composition was determined investigating the content of moisture, oil, proteins, mineral matter, fiber and total carbohydrates. Regarding the technico-technological characteristics, no significant differences between seeds of free-fertilized and F1 hybrids of oil pumpkih hull-less seed and seed with hull were found. The self-fertilized sorts and F1 hybrids of oil pumpkin, both hull-less and seed with hull, are characterized by high oil content, in the range of 43,27 to 54,78%, calculated on dry matter. The protein content was also high, from 34,97 to 36,61%, on dry matter. Ispitivane su tehničko-tehnološke i hemijske karakteristike semena 8 slobodnooplodnih i hibridnih sorti uljane tikve golice i sa ljuskom i dva komercijalna uzorka uljanih tikvi. Od tehničko-tehnoloških karakteristika semena određene su litarska masa, masa 1000 semena i određen je procenat ljuske kod uzoraka semena sa ljuskom. Hemijski sastav semena određen je ispitivanjem sadržaja vlage, ulja, proteina, mineralnih materija, celuloze i ukupnih ugljenih hidrata. U pogledu tehničko-tehnoloških karakteristika nisu postojale značajne razlike između semena slobodnooplodnih i F1 hibrida uljanih tikvi golica i sa ljuskom, kao ni komercijalnih uzoraka, što ukazuje da poreklo semena nije imalo uticaja na ove karakteristike. Samooplodne sorte i F1 hibridi uljanih tikvi sa semenom golica i semenom sa ljuskom, odlikovale su se visokim sadržajem ulja koji se kretao od 43,27do 54,78% računato na suvu materiju, a karakterističan je bio i visok sadržaj proteina koji se kretao od 34,97 do 36,61%, računato na suvu materiju.

Sixteen samples of sorghum seed (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.) 'Alba', 'Gold', 'Prima' and 'Reform' were analyzed in the localities of Bački Petrovac and Čantavir in the period 2009-2011. Tipresence of species belonging to the genera Epicoccum, Fusarium, Alternaria, Aspergillus and Penicillium was established in single and mixed infections. From the infected sorghum seed, monosporial cultures identified as Epicoccum nigrum based on morphology, proved their pathogenicity on artificially inoculated sorghum seedlings. Molecular identification was performed by PCR and amplification of the ITS region of ribosomal DNA. Gene sequences of selected isolates 291-09 (JQ619838) and 315-09 (JQ619839) exhibited 99-100% nucleotide identity with the sequences of 31 isolates of E. nigrum deposited in the GenBank. It obtained results represent the first detailed characterization of E. nigrum in Serbia. The presence of a large number of phytopathogenic fungi on sorghum seed should be further investigated in order to clarify their relationships and relative significance. U periodu 2009-2011. godine na lokalitetima Bački Petrovac i Čantavir prikupljeno je i analizirano 16 uzoraka zaraženog semena gajenog sirka (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.) sorti Alba, Gold, Prima i Reform na prisustvo fitopatogenih gljiva. U pojedinačnim i mešanim zarazama ustanovljeno je prisustvo vrsta iz rodova Epicoccum, Fusarium, Alternaria, Aspergillus i Penicillium. Iz zaraženog semena izolovane su monosporne kulture i na osnovu morfoloških osobina identifikovane su kao Epicoccum nigrum. Patogenost izolata ove gljive potvrđena je pojavom simptoma na veštački inokulisanim sejancima sirka. Molekularna identifikacija obavljena je primenom PCR i amplifikacije ITS regiona ribozomalne DNK. Sekvence gena odabranih izolata 291-09 (JQ619838) i 315-09 (JQ619839) pokazale su 99-100% nukleotidne identičnosti sa sekvencama 31 izolata E. nigrum deponovanihu GenBank bazi podataka. Dobijeni rezultati predstavljaju prvu detaljnu karakterizaciju E. nigrum u Srbiji. Prisustvo većeg broja vrsta gljiva na semenu sirka zahteva dalja ispitivanja njihovih međusobnih odnosa i značaja.