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Miniature spectrometer is powerful tool for scientific research and industrial inspection. Here, we report the fabrication of graded perovskite filters with tunable bandgap and their application in constructing miniature spectrometer. The graded perovskite filters were fabricated using a Finkelstein reaction between in-situ formed halogen ion with a preformed MAPbX3 film. The graded bandgap of perovskite films can be well tunned from 400 to 750 nm by controlling the volume ratio between 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide and benzyl chloride(bromide). By combining a deep residual network, graded bandgap perovskite film and commercial CMOS sensor chip, a miniature spectrometer is demonstrated, achieving an accurate spectrum reconstruction (PSNR = 40.749) with monochromatic spectral resolution of 1.31 nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, conductive and stable partially fluorinated multi-cationic alkaline membrane (AM) has been reported by macromolecular modification of poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and chemical grafting of vinyl benzyl chloride (VBC). Quaternization was achieved using different amines, to control the concentration of quaternary ammonium (QA) groups. Different multi-cationic AMs were analysed by their structural (1H NMR and FT-IR) and morphological properties, ion-exchange capacity (IEC), water uptake (WU), alkaline conductivity (κ m ), and stabilities (mechanical, chemical, and thermal). Due to presence of multi cationic groups and thus steric hindrance, reported membranes were robust in alkaline medium. Single-cell anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AMFC) assembled with Tri-amino-VBC-g-PVDF membrane, exhibited relatively high performance (open circuit voltage (OCV): 1.03 V, peak power density: 244.0 mW cm−2 at 400.0 mA cm−2), in compare with other AMs reported in the literature. It was observed that AMFC performance was strongly depends on cationic group density, and present study explored the utilization possibility of partially fluorinated polymer matrix with multi-cationic groups for long lifetime during AMFC application. [Display omitted] • High performance partially fluorinated multi-cationic alkaline membrane. • Alkaline membrane robust for Hofmann β -elimination and SN 2 reactions. • 96.34% remained conductivity after alkali treatment at 80 °C for 768 h. • 244.0 mW cm−2 maximum power density at 400.0 mA cm−2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study introduced a versatile class of indole‐based benzimidazolium salts, offering distinct advantages: (1) the utilization of affordable and easily accessible starting materials; (2) a straightforward and uncomplicated synthesis process; (3) the diversity of the salt should provide fine‐tunability of steric and electronic properties. These salts, employed as N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) precursors, were effectively utilized in the Pd‐catalyzed C–C bond formation reactions involving aryl or benzyl halide. The catalytic system, arising from the in situ generation of Pd(OAc)2 and indole‐based benzimidazolium salts, demonstrated remarkable efficiency. It accomplished the synthesis of diarylmethanes via the Suzuki coupling of benzyl chlorides and arylboronic acids in aqueous media with a Pd loading of 0.5 mol%. Furthermore, it successfully achieved the one‐pot sequential Heck/Suzuki coupling reactions with a Pd loading of as low as 0.25 mol%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rate and product data are reported for the solvolysis reactions of 27 mono, di [3,4] and tri [3,4,5] ring‐substituted benzyl chlorides. The first order rate constant for solvolysis in 20% acetonitrile in water decrease from ksolv = 2.2 s−1 for 4‐methoxybenzyl chloride to 1.1 × 10−8 s−1 for 3,4‐dinitrobenzyl chloride. The product rate constant ratios kMeOH/kTFE for solvolysis in 70/27/3 (v/v/v) HOH/TFE/MeOH range from a minimum of kMeOH/kTFE = 8 to a maximum of 110. The rate data were fit to a four‐parameter Hammett equation that separates the resonance (ρrσr) and polar (ρnσn) effects of the aromatic ring substituents on the reaction rate. Increases in the values of the Hammett reaction constants ρr and ρn are observed as the substituent constants σr or σn are increased. A sharp decrease in the product selectivity kMeOH/kTFE = 26 for stepwise solvolysis of 4‐methoxybenzyl chloride is observed as electron‐withdrawing meta‐substituents are added to 4‐methoxybenzyl ring due to a Hammond‐effect on the position of the transition state for solvent addition to the substituted 4‐methoxybenzyl carbocation reaction intermediates. Sharp increases in the selectivity kMeOH/kTFE are observed with decreasing reactivity of other 3,4,5‐subsituted benzyl chlorides due to anti‐Hammond shifts, on a two‐dimensional More–O'Ferrall reaction coordinate diagram, in the position of the transition state for a concerted solvolysis reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and tetraethylenepentamine as primary raw materials, with a molar ratio of 1.2, amidation was conducted for 4 h at 150 °C followed by cyclization for 4 h at 190 °C. Subsequendy, benzyl chloride was added for material modification at a molar ratio of 1-1.2, with a reaction time of 10 h at 80 °C. This process yielded double symmetric imidazoline corrosion inhibitors with alkyl chain lengths of C11 (LIRQ), C13 (MIRQ), C15 (MIRQ), and C17 (PIRQ). Functional group structures were characterized using infrared spectroscopy. The corrosion inhibition performance was studied by static weight loss experiments, electrochemical polarization curves, and observation of sample surface morphology using transmission electron microscopy. The weight loss experiments and polarization curve results demonstrate that in a 1 mol/L HCl medium, as the alkyl chain length increases, the corrosion inhibitor concentration, and experimental temperature gradually increase, leading to an enhanced corrosion inhibition rate. Through linear simulation, it was found that these inhibitors chemically adsorb on the metal surface and follow the Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction of carbonyl compounds via carbonylation reactions using safe CO sources remains a long‐standing challenge to synthetic chemists. Herein, we propose a catalyst cascade Scheme in which CO2 is used as a CO surrogate in the carbonylation of benzyl chlorides. Our approach is based on the cooperation between two coexisting catalytic cycles: the CO2‐to‐CO electroreduction cycle promoted by [Fe(TPP)Cl] (TPP=meso‐tetraphenylporphyrin) and an electrochemical carbonylation cycle catalyzed by [Ni(bpy)Br2] (2,2′‐bipyridine). As a proof of concept, this protocol allows for the synthesis of symmetric ketones from good to excellent yields in an undivided cell with non‐sacrificial electrodes. The reaction can be directly scaled up to gram‐scale and operates effectively at a CO2 concentration of 10 %, demonstrating its robustness. Our mechanistic studies based on cyclic voltammetry, IR spectroelectrochemistry and Density Functional Theory calculations suggest a synergistic effect between the two catalysts. The CO produced from CO2 reduction is key in the formation of the [Ni(bpy)(CO)2], which is proposed as the catalytic intermediate responsible for the C−C bond formation in the carbonylation steps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adsorption properties of benzyl chloride and benzyl bromide on tetragonal silicane (tetra-silicane) are studied based on the density functional theory. The tetra-silicane possesses a stable structure with an energy band gap of 2.887 eV. Besides, the hydrogenation along the vertical directions increases the band gap of tetra-silicane suitable as an adsorbing material for benzyl chloride and benzyl bromide molecules. We observed the changes in the electronic properties of tetra-silicane due to target molecules' adsorption, which is evident from charge transfer, electron density difference diagrams, band structure, and projected density of states spectrum. The tetra-silicane exhibits chemo-resistive properties owing to benzyl chloride and benzyl bromide molecular adsorption. The current report will open the gate in the new sensing material towards benzyl chloride and benzyl bromide molecules, which are classified under chemical warfare agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles through copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction has gained much attention due to its versatility and broad range of applications. In this study, we report two novel heterogeneous copper catalysts based on dehydroacetic acid chitosan Schiff base (DCSB) for the CuAAC reaction in water. The DCSB was synthesized through the condensation reaction of dehydroacetic acid and chitosan, and was subsequently used to support Cu(II) ions and CuO nanoparticles (CuO NPs). The prepared compounds were characterized using FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, BET, and TGA analyses. The performance of the catalysts was evaluated in a model reaction involving the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of benzyl chloride, phenylacetylene, and sodium azide for the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles. After optimizing the reaction conditions, the scope of the reaction was extended to various substituted benzyl chlorides and alkyne molecules. Moreover, the recyclability of the catalysts was studied for up to four cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The main aim of this study is to study the effect of alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride on removing stains, yellowness and harmful metal ions on historical printed paper, as well as the effect of this cleaner on optical and chemical properties of treated paper. Design/methodology/approach: The assessments after and before treatment were carried out using digital microscopy, infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), pH measurement, color change and finally scanning electron microscopy. Findings: The results showed that the concentrations used under study (1% and 3%) cleaned the paper efficiently without any observed effect on the chemical composition of cellulose, which was confirmed by IR spectra. The most stains that completely disappeared were the soil spots, also the pH values had improved significantly after treatment, which confirms that the detergent is effective in neutralizing the acidity of cellulose. Moreover, the color change revealed an increase in the chromatic lightness of the paper after treatment, which agreed with the results of the scanning electron microscopy examination, as the paper appeared free of dirt, and the fibers and bundles became more cohesive. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is a unique study, as there is no previous literature that has indicated the use of the effect of alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride washing treatments for printed historical paper, as it was limited only to making disinfection materials and water purification products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current heterogeneous photocatalysis faces the major bottlenecks of limited mass transfer, charge recombination and tedious immobilization of expensive photocatalysts. In this work, fac-Ir(ppy)3 is directly anchored at a low cost via covalent linkage to poly(4-vinyl benzyl chloride) (PVBC) brushes grafted on SiO2 nanoparticles (PVBC@SiO2 NPs) via Friedel–Crafts alkylation, affording PVBC@SiO2 NP-supported fac-Ir(ppy)3 with high luminous efficacies such as emission lifetime and quantum yield. In the reductive cross-coupling of benzaldehydes/acetophenones with 1,4-dicyanobenzene (1,4-DCB), the as-fabricated photocatalyst affords benzhydrols in the same yields as homogeneous fac-Ir(ppy)3, except for o-substituted benzaldehydes/acetophenones. In terms of the same yields as homogeneous fac-Ir(ppy)3, a new catalytic model, named homogeneous-like photocatalysis, is proposed. In this catalytic model, the open stretching of PVBC brushes in DMSO enables the anchored fac-Ir(ppy)3 to catalyse the reaction in a similar manner as homogeneous fac-Ir(ppy)3, effectively avoiding charge recombination and mass transfer limitation. Furthermore, no significant decrease in yield (<5%) is observed over eight catalytic cycles, due to the good chemical and mechanical stabilities of PVBC@SiO2 NP-supported fac-Ir(ppy)3. Overall, the immobilization of fac-Ir(ppy)3 onto the PVBC brushes grafted on SiO2 NPs provides a mass/charge transfer-enhanced platform for supported photocatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document provides information on the synthesis of a COVID-19 therapeutic drug called Ensitrelvir. The addition of LiCl (lithium chloride) was found to facilitate the generation of lithium triazinolate, which improved the yield and selectivity of the N-alkylation process. The use of LiCl and Et3N (triethylamine) also simplified the work-up operation and allowed for the use of a cheaper and more readily available base. The method was effective for various electrophiles, and further investigation is being conducted on the substrate scope of nucleophiles. The document also includes information on the physical and spectroscopic properties of the synthesized compounds, as well as acknowledgments and additional supporting information. [Extracted from the article]

Anion Exchange Membranes (AEM) have the potential to solve the cost issues of fuel cell technologies due to their basic environment that can allow the use of cheaper components. However, there is still a need to develop an ideal inexpensive, mechanically robust AEM with high ionic conductivity and ion exchange capacity (IEC). In this work, we present various dual-fiber electrospun membranes based on a novel radiation-grafted copolymer. First, the synthesis route of radiation-induced grafting of vinyl benzyl chloride (VBC) onto poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) to prepare PVDF- g -VBC was optimized. Then, PVDF- g -VBC powders were used to fabricate dual-fiber electrospun mats with inert PVDF and commercial Fumion-FAA-3 ionomer. Dual-fiber electrospun mats were hot-pressed and then quaternized with trimethylamine. Finally, mechanical properties, ion exchange capacity, ionic conductivity, and morphology of these prepared dual-fiber electrospun membranes were investigated. The dual-fiber membrane prepared with PVDF- g- VBC (88% of the total weight of the membrane) and PVDF: Fumion-FAA-3 (1:2) mix (12 wt%) realized ionic conductivity of 4.67 mS/cm at 25 °C, high ion exchange capacity of 1.35 mmol/g with Young's Modulus of 761 MPa. The membrane based on the combination of radiation grafting and dual-fiber electrospinning was prepared for the first time in literature and offers the prospect of tuning and fine-control of mechanical and physicochemical properties of AEMs. [Display omitted] • Radiation-induced grafted and dual-fiber based electrospun AEMs for the first time. • Optimization of synthesis and characterizations of PVDF- g -VBC copolymer powders. • Novel AEMs with various ratios of inert and functionalized polymers. • Tuning and fine-control of mechanical and physicochemical properties of AEMs. • Our membranes could reach up to IEC of 1.35 mmol/g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preparing AEMs with robust mechanical properties, high ionic conductivity and excellent chemical stability is challenging. Here, cross-linked/aggregated AEMs are prepared by incorporating hydrophilic Jeffamine cross-linkers and hydrophobic side chains into the rigid quaternized poly (vinyl benzyl chloride). Jeffamine's flexibility ensures high elongation at break of the cross-linked/aggregated membranes (125.0–199.8%). The hydrophobic side chain limits excessive water absorption and facilitates self-aggregation of hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains, enhancing tensile strength (5.08–7.40 Mpa in wet state) and improving ionic conductivity of the AEMs (73.8–110.4 mS cm−1 at 80 °C). Alkali-resistant PVB, restricted dimensionality, and ordered micro-phase separation morphology contribute to outstanding chemical stability of the AEMs. Degradation of both backbones and cations is <20% after treatment in 1 M NaOH solution at 80 °C for 30 days. Based on the membrane, a peak power density of 354.4 mW cm−2 at 60 °C is yielded. PVB based AEMs of c (Je) a Cx-QAPVB exhibit excellent flexibility, outstanding alkali-resistant and high hydroxide ion conductivity. [Display omitted] • Highly flexible and transparent poly (vinyl benzyl chloride) based anion exchange membranes are prepared. • Anion exchange membranes exhibit improved ionic conductivity and robust stability. • A peak power density of 354.4 mW cm−2 is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Iraq Journal of Market Research & Consumer Protection / Al-Mağallaẗ al-ʿIrāqiyyaẗ li-Buḥūṯ al-Sūq wa-Ḥimāyaẗ al-Mustahlik is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this work, a commercially available styrene‐butadiene block copolymer is functionalized with vinyl benzyl chloride (VBC) via solution free‐radical polymerization to obtain g‐VBC‐x graft copolymers. The molar content of VBC, also named functionalization degree (FD) or x, of g‐VBC‐x is varied in the range 10–27 mol%, simply by varying the concentration of VBC monomer in the feed or the reaction time. The g‐VBC‐x copolymers are used to prepare films by solution casting that are converted into anionic exchange membranes (AEMs) by heterogeneous quaternization reaction with trimethylamine (TMA). The membranes are extensively characterized to assess their thermal, mechanical, and ex‐situ electrochemical properties. The best performing AEMs having an FD of 20% and 27% are tested in an AEM single‐cell electrolyzer. Both of them are found to retain their original conductivity after more than 40 and 100 days, respectively. In particular, the membrane with the higher FD is characterized by the best in‐situ performance both in terms of ionic conductivity and cell potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here we report a light‐induced FeCl3‐catalyzed approach for benzyl C−H chlorination with remarkable regioselectivity, which enables alkylbenzenes to be converted into versatile benzyl chlorides under mild conditions using trifluoromethanesulfonyl chloride (TfCl) as the chlorine source. DFT calculations show that the dynamics preference of benzylic α−C−H chlorination is more pronounced by employing TfCl. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive Summary: A deuterated methylthiolating reagent with a broad spectrum, designated as DMTP, has been ingeniously formulated. This new reagent can be produced with high efficiency through the simple combination of commercially available methyl 3‐thiopropanoate and CD3I. This novel SCD3 reagent exhibits excellent reactivity with electrophiles such as alkyl iodides, benzyl chlorides, aryl halides (I, Br) and aryl triflates, resulting in high levels of deuterium content (99% D). Representative deuterated methylthiolated biomolecules, such as Sulfoxaflor, have been synthesized for use in pharmaceutical discovery and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A facile and efficient method to synthesize thioethers from sulfonyl chlorides and benzylic trimethylammonium salts is presented. This protocol provides a simple and direct approach to realize the reductive coupling reaction of readily available sulfonyl chlorides with benzyl ammonium salts in the presence of triphenylphosphine along with base via C−N cleavage of benzyl ammonium salts. This reaction features mild conditions and good substrate compatibility to afford thioethers in moderate to good yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive Summary: A deuterated methylthiolating reagent with a broad spectrum, designated as DMTP, has been ingeniously formulated. This new reagent can be produced with high efficiency through the simple combination of commercially available methyl 3‐thiopropanoate and CD3I. This novel SCD3 reagent exhibits excellent reactivity with electrophiles such as alkyl iodides, benzyl chlorides, aryl halides (I, Br) and aryl triflates, resulting in high levels of deuterium content (99% D). Representative deuterated methylthiolated biomolecules, such as Sulfoxaflor, have been synthesized for use in pharmaceutical discovery and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of robust and industrially viable catalysts from plastic waste is of great significance, and the facile construction of high performance heterogeneous catalyst systems for phenol–quinone conversions remains a grand challenge. Herein, a feasible strategy is demonstrated to reclaim Styrofoam into hierarchically porous nickel–salen–loaded hypercrosslinked polystyrene (PS@Ni–salen) catalysts with high activities through an unusual autocatalytic coupling route. The salen is immobilized onto PS chain by Friedel–Crafts alkylation of benzyl chloride derivatives, and the generated hydrogen chloride coordinately promotes the simultaneous crosslinking and bridge formation between aromatic rings via a Scholl coupling route, leading to hierarchically porous networks. After the metallization with Ni, the resultant networks exhibit high catalytic activity for the oxidation of 2,3,6‐trimethylphenol to 2,3,5‐trimethyl‐1,4‐benzoquinone under mild conditions (303 K, 1 bar of O2). This catalyst also demonstrates attractive recycling performance without an obvious loss of catalytic efficiency over five consecutive cycles. This methodology might provide a potential sustainable alternative to construct environmentally benign and cost‐effective catalysts for specific organic transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Design and synthesis of the new polymeric adsorbents for selective and efficient removal of Hg2+ from water is an attractive target. Cross-linked poly (vinyl benzyl chloride) (PVBC) resin was prepared starting from vinyl benzyl chloride (90% mol) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) (10% mol) using suspension polymerization. Spherical PVBC beads (200–400 µm) were reacted with an excess of ethylenediamine and ethanolamine to give the corresponding pendant amine functions. Then, the aminated beads were reacted with butyl isocyanate to obtain the urea and urethane functional sorbents. These resins have good sorption capacities for mercury ions. Under non-buffered conditions, the highest mercury sorption capacities were found as 1.94 mmol Hg (II)/ g resin and 2.50 mmol Hg (II)/g resin for U-resin and PS-UR resin, respectively. pH-depending sorption experiments, kinetic measurements and adsorption isotherm models were investigated. The mercury-loaded resins can be regenerated and recycled by simple acid washings, without losing their activity. Consequently, the resins described are cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of mercury from waste water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Population balance models can describe how particles aggregate and fragment during the flocculation of mineral tailings. We used a new method to estimate some of the parameters in a population balance model describing the flocculation of oil sands mature fine tailings with poly(vinyl benzyl trimethylammonium chloride). Differently from previous population balance models, the polymer adsorption data onto the particles suspended in the tailings were used to estimate a fundamental parameter relating polymer dosage to the mean diameter of the aggregates formed during flocculation. The model could predict the flocculation behaviour of three polymer samples with different molecular weights. This model is another step toward a quantitative understanding of how polymer properties affect the flocculation of mineral tailings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon‐carbon (C−C) coupling of organic halides has been successfully achieved in homogeneous catalysis, while the limitation, e.g., the dependence on rare noble metals, complexity of the metal‐ligand catalylst and the poor catalyst stability and recyclability, needs to be tackled for a green process. The past few years have witnessed heterogeneous photocatalysis as a green and novel method for organic synthesis processes. However, the study on C−C coupling of chloride substrates is rare due to the extremely high bond energy of C−Cl bond (327 kJ mol−1). Here, we report a robust heterogeneous photocatalyst (Cu/ZnO) to drive the homo‐coupling of benzyl chloride with high efficiency, which achieves an unprecedented high selectivity of bibenzyl (93 %) and yield rate of 92 % at room temperature. Moreover, this photocatalytic process has been validated for C−C coupling of 10 benzylic chlorides all with high yields. In addition, the excellent stability has been observed for 8 cycles of reactions. With detailed characterization and DFT calculation, the high selectivity is attributed to the enhanced adsorption of reactants, stabilization of intermediates (benzyl radicals) for the selective coupling by the Cu loading and the moderate oxidation ability of the ZnO support, besides the promoted charge separation and transfer by Cu species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a new composite film consisting of polyethylene (PE)/oxide minerals (bentonite, silica, and diatomite) was successfully synthesized. Polymer modification was carried out by melting method. Coating of oxide minerals with PE has shown important results for size control, stabilization and increasing strength. Benzoyl chloride was used as a modifying material in the mechanism. According to the mechanism, it increases the interactions between the mineral and polyethylene through adsorption of the polymer backbone by ion pairing. The resulting composite materials were characterized using advanced analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR), Derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The morphological structures of the composites were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM and FTIR analyses showed that bentonite, silica, and diatomite were modified with PE using an extruder device. At the same time, mechanical test results showed that the tensile strength of films containing 5% oxide mineral is higher than that of pure polyethylene film. In addition, the homogeneous appearance of the surfaces of the films has changed from porous to brittle appearance with the increase in the oxide mineral ratio in composite films. It was found that with the increase in the percentage of minerals in composite films using modified oxide minerals, porous and brittle structures do not form much on the film surfaces, and the interaction of the mineral with the polymer matrix increases. The study had important results in terms of emphasizing the cost-effectiveness of the modification of different minerals with PE, the suitability of production by smelting method and the improvement of mechanical properties. In addition, it is important to obtain different composite derivatives for use in the industrial field.

Highly positively charged poly(vinyl benzyl trimethylammonium chloride) (PVBMA) was successfully synthesized with approximately 82% of yield. The PVBMA was characterized by the molecular weight (Mw) of 343.45 g mol−1 and the molecular weight distribution, (Đ) of 2.4 by 1H NMR and SEC measurements. The PVBMA was applied as an effective agent for α‐Al2O3 surface modification in the adsorptive removal of the azo dye acid orange G (AOG). The AOG removal performance was significantly enhanced at all pH compared to without surface modification. The experimental parameters were optimal at pH 8, free ionic strength, 15 min of adsorption time, and 5 mg mL−1 α‐Al2O3 adsorbents. The AOG adsorption which was mainly controlled by the PVBMA‐AOG electrostatic attractions was better applicable to the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo‐second kinetic model. The PVBMA‐modified α‐Al2O3 demonstrates a high‐performance and highly reusable adsorbent with great AOG performances of approximately 90.1% after 6 reused cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synthesis and characterization of poly(β-alanine-b-vinyl benzyl-g-vinyl chloride) [PBA-b-(PVB-g-PVC)] block-graft copolymer was done by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization and 'click' chemistry. For this, poly-β-alanine with a vinyl end group was synthesized by hydrogen transfer polymerization of acrylamide. Bromine-terminated poly-β-alanine (PBA-Br) was obtained by treating the synthesized poly-β-alanine with hydrogen bromide. Poly-β-alanine ethyl xanthate (macro-RAFT agent) was synthesized using PBA-Br and potassium ethyl xanthate. Poly(β-alanine-b-vinyl benzyl chloride) [poly(BA-b-VBC)] block copolymer was obtained by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization of macro-RAFT agent with vinyl benzyl chloride. Azido-terminated poly(β-alanine-b-vinyl benzyl chloride) [poly(BA-b-VBC)-N3] was synthesized by the reaction of poly(BA-b-VBC) with sodium azide. Alkyne-terminated polyvinyl chloride (PVC-propargyl) was obtained by treating polyvinyl chloride with propargyl alcohol. Finally, the synthesis of PBA-b-(PVB-g-PVC) block-graft copolymer was carried out by the 'click' chemistry method of poly(BA-b-VBC)-N3 and PVC-propargyl. The products were characterized by various spectroscopic and thermal methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] (N -Alkyl- N , N -dioctylammoniomethyl)phosphonates were obtained by alkylation of amino phosphonate potassium salt with alkyl iodides or benzyl chloride. All synthesized compounds demonstrated high antibacterial and antifungal activity against Gram-positive bacterial strains B. cereus and S. aureus and were not active against Gram-negative strains Ps. aeruginosa. Some regularity connecting the structure of the obtained compounds with their antimicrobial action has been established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents a solvent-free headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SF-HS-GC/MS) method for robustly screening benzyl chloride, a mutagenic carcinogen, impurities in active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and drug products. The SF-HS-GC/MS method simplifies analysis by eliminating solvent use, reducing matrix interference. Optimized headspace parameters include incubation temperature, time, and sample amount. Validation, aligned with Q2(R1) ICH guidelines and ICH M7 recommendations, covers selectivity, linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), precision, accuracy, system suitability, and robustness. Employing a DB-5MS column (30 m × 0.25 mm, 0.25 µm) with solvent-free split injection, the method's calibration curve (0.05–5 μg/g) exhibits a strong correlation (>0.9998). The LOQ was 0.1 μg/g, with precision (%CV) consistently <5% and accuracy within 95–105%. Furthermore, an investigation confirmed the absence of artefactual benzyl chloride formation in drug products under headspace conditions. The developed SF-HS-GC/MS method successfully screened benzyl chloride in cinnarizine drug substances and products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells (HEMFCs) are a cost-effective alternative to proton exchange membrane fuel cells due to the advantages on fast oxygen reduction reaction kinetics, low cost and weak corrosion. Hydroxide exchange membrane (HEM) is the core component for HEMFC. At present, lacking highly robust and chemically stable HEMs is the main challenge to realizing durable HEMFCs. Polyethylene composite HEMs are considered as the-state-of-the-art HEM candidates due to their excellent mechanical properties, thus allowing for the use of ultrathin HEMs in HEMFCs to achieve a high cell and stack performance. Yet, the chemical stability of polyethylene composite HEM still needs to be improved for more durable HEMFC. In this study, we report that the preparation and chemical stability understanding of three polyethylene composite HEMs (named AEH-TMA, AEH-DMP and AEH-TMI) functionalized with trimethylamine (TMA), N-methylpiperidine (DMP) and 1, 2, 4, 5-tetramethylimidazole (TMI), respectively. We find that AEH-TMI exhibits a low conductivity and inferior chemical stability in comparison to AEH-TMA and AEH-DMP. To gain insight into chemical stability behavior, we have also prepared three organic chemicals (named Bn-TMA, Bn-DMP and Bn-TMI) as cations model by reacting benzyl chloride with TMA, DMP and TMI cations and elaborately studied their chemical stability in various water content systems. The results show that the overall chemical stability of cations can be strongly improved with increasing the surrounding water, and Bn-TMI suggests a lower chemical stability than Bn-TMA and Bn-DMP at high water content condition. • Polyethylene composite hydroxide exchange membranes have excellent mechanical strength. • The composite membrane functionalized with n-methylpiperidine offers high chemical stability. • 3-benzyl-1,2,4,5-tetramethyl-imidazolium shows an inferior chemical stability in high D 2 O system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ammonium group containing polymers possess inherent antimicrobial properties, effectively eliminating or preventing infections caused by harmful microorganisms. Here, homopolymers based on monomers containing ammonium groups were synthesized via Reversible Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization (RAFT) and evaluated as potential antibacterial agents. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Gram-positive (M. luteus and B. subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and S. typhimurium). Three polymers, poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride), poly([2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride), and poly(vinyl benzyl trimethylammonium chloride), were examined to explore the effect of molecular weight (10 kDa, 20 kDa, and 40 kDa) on their antimicrobial activity and toxicity to mammalian cells. The mechanisms of action of the polymers were investigated with dye-based assays, while Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed collapsed and fused bacterial morphologies due to the interactions between the polymers and components of the bacterial cell envelope, with some polymers proving to be bactericidal and others bacteriostatic, while being non-hemolytic. Among all the homopolymers, the most active, non-Gram-specific polymer was poly([2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride), with a molecular weight of 40 kDa, with minimum inhibitory concentrations between 16 and 64 µg/mL, showing a bactericidal mode of action mediated by disruption of the cytoplasmic membrane. This homopolymer could be useful in biomedical applications such as surface dressings and in areas such as eye infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this research, 15 novel derivatives of the thiazolactone skeleton were synthesized using the Erlenmeyer-Plöchl reaction procedure. Glycine, alanine and leucine amino acids were used to make dithiocarbamate precursor by reacting amino acids with carbon disulfide and benzyl chloride. Obtained benzyl dithiocarbamate underwent thiazolactone formation in the presence of acetic anhydride and then condensed with arylglyoxals as condensing carbonyl group source. Products were characterized using their spectroscopic IR, ¹H NMR, and 13C NMR data. In continuation, computational chemistry methods were used to get some information about the products such as structural characteristics, charge distribution, ¹H NMR and UV-visible spectra. Results showed that the calculated chemical shifts are in good agreement with experimentally recorded ones. The B3LYP density functional method in conjunction with the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set was used for all calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bis-2-(5-phenylacetamido-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)ethyl sulfide (BPTES) is a selective inhibitor of glutaminase-1 (GLS1), consequently inhibiting glutaminolysis. BPTES is known for its potent antitumor activity and plays a significant role in senescent cell removal. In this study, we synthesized [11C-carbonyl]BPTES ([11C]BPTES) as a positron emission tomography (PET) probe for the first time and assessed its biodistribution in mice using PET. [11C]BPTES was synthesized by the reaction of an amine precursor () with [11C-carbonyl]phenylacetyl acid anhydride ([11C]2), which was prepared from [11C]CO2 and benzyl magnesium chloride, followed by in situ treatment with isobutyl chloroformate. The decay-corrected isolated radiochemical yield of [11C]BPTES was 9.5% (based on [11C]CO2) during a synthesis time of 40 min. A PET study with [11C]BPTES showed high uptake levels of radioactivity in the liver, kidney, and small intestine of mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reaction of the purine alkaloid triacanthine with benzyl chloride in two temperature regimes produced multicomponent mixtures consisting of benzyl derivatives of triacanthine and adenine. The structures of the synthesized products were elucidated by X-ray crystal structure analyses and NMR spectroscopy. The adenine N10 atom in the studied compounds had planar sp2-hybridization although it adopted tetrahedral sp3-hybridization with two benzyl groups on it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To assess the anticancer effects of recently developed compounds, Sa, Sb, Sc, and Sd. These compounds were designed to specifically target the carbonic anhydrase enzyme in solid tumors. Methods: The chemical synthesis involved the use of sulfanilamide, chloroacetyl chloride, GABA, thionyl chloride, methanol, hydrazine hydrate, potassium hydroxide, carbon disulfide, and benzyl chloride derivatives. Docking studies were conducted using the MOE software program version 2015.10, and cytotoxic activity was predicted using the MTT assay. Results: The newly synthesized compounds exhibited notable antineoplastic activity in both in silico and cell line investigations. Although they showed a significant difference in potency compared to cisplatin against cancer cells, they also demonstrated significant differences in toxicity towards normal cells. When compared to acetazolamide, compounds Sb displayed an IC50 = 28.41 µM, which was significantly different, and compound Sd showed a non-significant difference with an IC50 = 61.20 µM against MCF7 cells. Additionally, Sb and Sd demonstrated significant difference in toxicity, with IC50 = 279.02 µM and 194.00 µM, respectively, against MCF10a cells. These findings indicate a significant difference compared to acetazolamide for the Sb compound and suggest that the synthesized compounds hold potential for further development as antineoplastic agents. Furthermore, the results from the cell line study align with the in silico study, where both compounds Sb and Sd exhibited higher S scores compared to acetazolamide, implying a stronger binding affinity with the receptor's catalytic site. The presence of a substituted 1, 2, 4-triazole ring in these compounds contributed to enhanced flexibility and improved interaction with the receptor. Conclusion: A new synthesized compounds exhibited cytotoxicity and demonstrated inhibitory potencies against carbonic anhydrase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study was conducted with the aim of assessing the antineoplastic potential of recently developed compounds, namely F3, F4, and F5. These compounds were designed to target the carbonic anhydrase enzyme in solid tumors. Methods: The synthesis of these compounds involved the utilization of sulfanilamide, chloroacetylchloride, thiourea, benzyl chloride derivatives, and silver nitrate. Docking studies were carried out using the MOE software program version 2015.10, and the cytotoxic activity was predicted through the implementation of the MTT assay. Results: The compounds that were synthesized displayed noteworthy antineoplastic activity, as evidenced by both in silico simulations and cell line investigations. Notably, Compound F5 exhibited an IC50 value of 9.02 µg/ml for MCF7 cells, signifying a substantial difference when compared to the IC50 value of cisplatin. Moreover, Compounds F3 and F4 exhibited higher S scores in the docking study compared to acetazolamide, implying a more robust binding affinity to the catalytic site of the receptor. The inclusion of a substituted thiazole ring contributed to increased flexibility and enhanced receptor interaction. Conclusion: The synthetic compounds put forth in this study demonstrated notable antineoplastic properties. Furthermore, the complexation process notably augmented the inhibition of cancer cell growth, underscoring their potential as promising agents for combating cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we designed a bilateral disulfurating reagent via S−S motif "snip and stitch" processes, allowing diverse functional groups to be bridged via S−S bonds. The reagent is readily synthesized in high yield using a one‐step reaction from easily available starting materials and is air‐stable. With this reagent, diverse electrophiles including inactivated alkyl Cl/Br/I/OMs and benzyl chloride were sequentially installed on either side of the S−S motif. Natural products, agrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals can be successively cross‐linked with S−S bonds. Notably, the disulfurating reagent can be used in cyclic disulfide synthesis. At last, some desired products of this work showed good antibacterial activities, which could be employed as novel candidates to control plant pathogenic bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The modification of cotton fabrics with water-soluble cationic copolymers for salt-free dyeing applications with reactive dyes is explored in the present work. To this end, a family of bifunctional water-soluble cationic copolymers was designed through the chemical modification of poly(4-vinyl benzyl chloride), PVBC, with triethylamine, TEAM. These copolymers were applied onto cotton fabrics in aqueous alkaline solutions at moderate temperature (60 °C). The successful cotton modification was verified through the characterization of the modified samples with Raman and XPS spectroscopy. Moreover, a polymer coverage of the fabric of the order of 0.1% (w/w) was estimated following the polymer exhaustion through UV–Vis spectroscopy of the aqueous solutions used for the modification. The modification kinetics were followed through the evolution of the Raman spectra of the modified fabrics, the polymer exhaustion of the aqueous modification solutions and, indirectly, the dye exhaustion of the dyebaths using a reactive dye, namely Novacron Ruby S-3B. All techniques claim that fabric modification is practically accomplished within the first 1–2 h. The double functionality of the copolymers was explored through the XPS study of the modified fabrics, revealing that both electrostatic binding and covalent bonding of the cationic copolymers with the anionic surface of the fabric are expected to take place. As an important consequence, the polymer-modified fabrics are strongly dyed under eco-friendlier conditions, namely in salt-free alkaline solutions at room temperature, in contrast to the barely dyed unmodified fabric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The photophysical and photochemical reactivity of the organometallic mono(cyclooctatetraenide)-Ce(III) complexes: [(C8H8)Ce(μ-X)(THF)2]2 X = O3SCF3− (1), Cl− (2), were studied. In the course of these studies, a new polymorph of [(C8H8)Ce(μ-O3SCF3)(THF)2]2 (1) was described. Photoluminescence (PL) studies of 1 and 2 showed characteristic excitation and emission bands in the visible region, with bright green light emission under light irradiation from states corresponding to the 5d → 4f transition. Complexes 1 and 2 exhibit relatively long lifetime of 205.4 ± 0.2 and 145.8 ± 0.4 ns respectively. And the quantum yields (Φ) for 1 and 2 are 0.180 and 0.068 respectively. Electrochemical studies were performed on complexes 1 and 2 with a reversible Ce(III)/Ce(IV) redox couple recorded at E1/2 = −1.53 V versus the Fc/Fc+ for 2. Complex 1 shows an irreversible Ce(III / IV) oxidation wave. Complexes 1 and 2 revealed strongly-reducing, estimated, excited state reduction potentials of −3.31 and −4.02 V versus the Fc/Fc+ respectively, with small Stokes shifts of 0.12 eV. With their associated relatively long lifetimes, small Stokes shifts and large, negative values, both complexes were evaluated as potential photosensitisers for halogen atom transfer (XAT) using a test reaction of the dehalogenation of benzyl chloride. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A palladium-catalysed aromative benzylic allylation and allenylation of benzyl chlorides with allyl and allenyl pinacolborates is described for the first time. The reactions proceed smoothly in the presence of a bidentate phosphine ligand to afford normal cross-coupling products in good yields. This novel synthetic procedure exhibits good tolerance for various electron-withdrawing and -donating functional groups linked to aromatic rings and is also well tolerant of sensitive functional groups such as NO2, CF3, CN, and COOMe. The utilisation of a bidentate ligand and heating are essential to transformation. The DFT calculation results reveal that wide-bite-angle bidentate ligands are beneficial to the formation of an η1-benzyl-η1-allylpalladium intermediate and that the normal coupling is thermodynamically favourable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research work focuses on the isolation and thermo-chemical modification of cellulose and its application as an adsorbent for the removal of organic pollutants. The used cellulose was collected from a locally available plant (Olive Europa) commonly called Zaitoon. The stem branches of Zaitoon were collected and then kept in water for 40–45 days at room temperature to extract the cellulose fibers. These cellulose fibers were then kept in the Soxhlet apparatus for washing in n-hexane for 72 h. The purified cellulose was divided into three parts: one part was subjected to thermal activation (TAC), the second was modified chemically (CMC) with Benzyl Chloride, while the last one remained un-functionalized (UFC). All the three forms of cellulose were characterized via FTIR and SEM, then utilized for the removal of Titan Yellow (TY) dye from aqueous media via adsorption process by varying the contact time, temperature, concentration of dye and type, and dose of adsorbent. The adsorption efficiencies of all adsorbents were compared under different experimental variables. Thermally activated cellulose showed the best results for the removal of TY compared with other materials. The calculated removal percentage of TY was found to be 97.69, 94.83, 94.83, and 98% under equilibrium conditions of contact time, temperature, adsorbent dose, and TY concentration. Similarly, the uptake capacities of TAC under optimal experimental conditions were found to be 19.56, 18.96, 18.52, and 18.75 mg/g. Thermodynamic studies of TAC, CMC, and UFC showed that the values of ΔG are negative, while those of ΔH and ΔS are positive in all cases and at all temperatures. This indicates that the TY elimination process is endothermic and spontaneous with an entropy-driven nature. The obtained results indicate that the as-fabricated low-cost biomaterials can effectively remove dyes from wastewater through physicochemical interactions. The removal process was influenced by the nature of the adsorbent and the operating variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An efficient synthesis of 1,2,5-trisubstituted benzimidazoles was explored under microwave irradiation. Twenty novel 1,2,5-trisubstituted benzimidazoles were prepared using K2CO3 as an acid-binging agent starting from 2-substituted benzimidazoles and 4-substituted benzyl chloride. This method revealed broad substrate adaptability and provided the target products in moderate to excellent yield within 15 min. The effect of different substituents on the yield was investigated under the obtained optimal reaction conditions. Besides, the crystal structure of compound 4c in the orthorhombic space group P 2ac 2ab was presented. Also, the antibacterial activity of the synthesized compounds against Mycobacterium smegmatis in vitro at the cellular level was evaluated using rifampicin as a positive control. Product 4s had the best antibacterial activity among the synthesized compounds and was superior to rifampicin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer cells frequently develop drug resistance, which leads to chemotherapeutic treatment failure. Additionally, chemotherapies are hindered by their high toxicity. Therefore, the development of new chemotherapeutic drugs with improved clinical outcomes and low toxicity is a major priority. Several indole derivatives exhibit distinctive anti-cancer mechanisms which have been associated with various molecular targets. In this study, target compounds 4a–q were obtained through the reaction of substituted benzyl chloride with hydrazine hydrate, which produces benzyl hydrazine. Subsequently, the appropriate substituted benzyl hydrazine was allowed to react with 1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid or 5-methoxy-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide as a coupling agent. All compounds exhibited cytotoxicity in three cell lines, namely, MCF-7, A549, and HCT. Compound 4e exhibited the highest cytotoxicity, with an average IC50 of 2 µM. Moreover, a flow cytometry study revealed a significantly increased prevalence of Annexin-V and 7-AAD positive cell populations. Several derivatives of 4a–q showed moderate to high cytotoxicity against the tested cell lines, with compound 4e having the highest cytotoxicity, indicating that it may possess potential apoptosis-inducing capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The title compounds were synthesized by alkylation of 5-[(4-dimethylamino)-phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol with benzyl chloride or 2-chloro-6-fluorobenzyl chloride in the presence of potassium carbonate. The yields of 2-(benzylsulfanyl)-5-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole, C17H17N3OS (I), and 2-[(2-chloro-6-fluorobenzyl)sulfanyl]-5-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole, C17H15ClFN3OS (II), were 96 and 92%, respectively. In the crystal structures of (I) and (II), C-H-- -- interactions are observed between neighboring molecules. Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates that H-- -H and H-- -C/C-- -H interactions make the most important contributions to the crystal packing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cotton cationization with low molecular weight or polymeric cationic modifiers allows the effective dyeing of cotton substrates with reactive dyes under salt-free and more environmentally friendly conditions. The current work focuses on the spectroscopic study of the intermolecular interactions, which dictate the physicochemical process associated with fabric dyeing. Water-soluble cationic copolymers of vinyl benzyl chloride (VBC) and vinyl benzyl triethylammonium chloride (VBCTEAM) have been used as cellulose cationic modifiers. Dye uptake was assessed using Remazol Brilliant Blue R and Novacron Ruby S-3B dyes. The study involves ATR-FTIR, UV-Vis, fluorescence, and XPS spectroscopy. The results of binary polymer-rich dye-polymer aqueous solutions or dye-polymer precipitates at stoichiometric charge-ratio revealed that the sulfonate/sulfate anions of the dyes interact with the cationic VBCTEAM units of the polymer via electrostatic interactions. Moreover, the comparative study of dye application on modified and unmodified fabrics suggests that, unlike the latter, where dyes are chemically bound to cellulose, electrostatic forces dominate the interaction of modified fabrics with dye molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel porous polyoxometalate (POM)-based composite (Co4PW–PDDVAC) was prepared via the solidification of water-soluble polytungstate (Co4PW) on the polymeric ionic liquid dimethyldodecyl-4-polyethylene benzyl ammonium chloride (PDDVAC) via a cation-exchange reaction. The solidification was confirmed by EDS, SEM, FT-IR, TGA, and so on. The strong covalent coordination and hydrogen-bonding interaction between the highly active Co2+ of the Co4PW and the aspartic acid residues of proteinase K endowed the obtained Co4PW–PDDVAC composite with excellent proteinase K adsorption properties. Thermodynamic investigations indicate that the adsorption behavior of proteinase K was consistent with the linear Langmuir isothermal model, giving an adsorption capacity as high as 1428 mg g−1. The Co4PW–PDDVAC composite was applied in the selective isolation of highly active proteinase K from Tritirachium album Limber crude enzyme fluid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to develop new hydrophobic and potentially amphiphilic benzyl xanthan gum (BXG) derivatives using a Williamson synthesis. This modification consists of an etherification reaction between xanthan gum (XG) and benzyl chloride (BC) under microwave heating. The effects of the molar ratio (R = XG/CLB, with R equal to 2 or 4) on the amphiphilic character and the degree of substitution (DS) were studied. The two benzyl xanthan gum derivatives (BXG1 and BXG2) were subsequently subjected to various physicochemical and rheological characterization techniques. The obtained results of FTIR and H1-NMR spectroscopy showed the effectiveness of the grafting of aromatic moieties onto the XG molecule with DS values of 0.59 for BXG1 and 0.7 for BXG2. The XRD analysis revealed slight modifications in the xanthan crystallinity after etherification, where the degree of crystallinity (DOC) values were 8.46%, 10.18%, and 14.67% for XG, BXG1, and BXG2, respectively. Additionally, conductivity measurements showed that the BXG derivatives exhibit higher values than native XG, due to the inter- and intra-molecular associations following the grafting of aromatic groups. Moreover, the critical aggregation concentration (CAC) was detected at 0.32% for BXG1 and 0.28% for BXG2. The rheological study confirmed that XG and its BXG derivatives exhibited a shear-thinning pseudoplastic behavior and that the viscosity increases when the DS increases. The emulsifying power test of the BXGs compared to the native XG confirmed the amphiphilic properties of the new benzylated derivatives, where the stabilizing capacity increases with increased DS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transition‐metal‐free direct cross‐coupling between polyfluoroarenes and benzyl chlorides is reported. In this strategy, a variety of polyfluoro di‐, tri‐ and tetra‐arylmethanes was efficiently prepared with good to excellent yields in the presence of Mg turnings via a one‐pot procedure. Significantly, this method provides a general approach for the synthesis of polyfluorinated polyarylmethanes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]