Search

Copyright of Journal of Bayburt Education Faculty / Bayburt Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Bayburt University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Delinquency is a serious challenge for teenagers and has significant negative social effects. The main goal of this research was to find out the structural equation modeling of extraversion and delinquent behavior disorder: the mediating role of moral intelligence among the juveniles of Kerman Correctional Center. Methods: This was a descriptive correlational research of structural equation model type. The statistical population of this research was made up of 80 juveniles of Kerman Correctional Center, who were selected and studied by simple random sampling using Morgan's table. To collect information, Hans Eysenck's (1963) Personality Type Questionnaire, Goodman's Conduct Disorder Questionnaire (1997), Aiti Juvenile Delinquency Questionnaire (2013) and Link and Keel's Moral Intelligence Questionnaire (2005) were used. Descriptive and inferential statistics (structural equation modeling) were used for data analysis through SPSS-28 and Smart PLS-3 software. Results: The results of this research showed that there is a direct and positive relationship between extraversion and juvenile delinquency. There is a significant direct and positive relationship between conduct disorder and juvenile delinquency. There is a direct and positive relationship between extroversion and moral intelligence of teenagers. There is a significant direct and negative relationship between conduct disorder and moral intelligence of adolescents. There is a direct negative relationship between moral intelligence and delinquency. There was no relationship between extraversion and juvenile delinquency as a mediator of moral intelligence. There was no relationship between conduct disorder and juvenile delinquency with the mediating role of moral intelligence. Conclusions: According to the results, it can be acknowledged that moral intelligence is an effective component of delinquency affected by extroversion and behavior disorder in teenagers. Therefore, education and training programs should be implemented to strengthen moral intelligence in schools and families, because these programs can strengthen moral skills and moral decision-making power in teenagers and help reduce behavioral disorders and, as a result, delinquency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recognition of hyperactivity, impulsivity, distractibility, and emotional lability as a clinical syndrome is at the heart of identifying whether there is a discoverer of the condition of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Just as clinics of children diagnosed with ADHD do not capture a homogeneous group of boys and girls, however, history does not either. What different observers/clinicians have chosen to highlight reflects what is important to them and to the times in which they lived. The child/children described by Heinrich Hoffman (of Fidgety Phil fame) and George Still (who highlighted impulsive aggression as a moral defect), for instance, did not come with a list of criteria (with which even now we cannot always agree) to prove unequivocally that they had ADHD. Who cares! It is sufficient that they recognized the importance of certain co‐occurring behaviors and shared their observations with us such that we can conclude our clinic's children were recognized by good past observers. ADHD‐like children, like the poor, have probably always been with us. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to analyze the phenomenon of student suicide in Indonesia in 2023 from the perspective of developmental psychopathology and suggest its implications for school counseling. This qualitative research employed a phenomenology approach. The data sources were secondary, obtained from suicide news articles on national and regional online news sites, and analyzed using reflexive thematic technique. The research results indicated 15 cases with 5 themes depicting the phenomenon of student suicide, including 1) accessible places and methods, 2) leaving messages or signs, 3) the severity of family conditions, 4) internalizing many things, and 5) dangerous peer influences. The concept of equifinality could be illustrated from the analyzed phenomena. The internalizing problems experienced by the victims may stem from the relationship patterns between parents and students and/or students and peers, which appear to dominantly underlie these cases. The research findings recommend implications for strengthening holistic counseling programs involving various members in the school environment.

BACKGROUND: Infertility is not only a reproductive health problem; it’s also emotionally painful. Currently, treatments for infertility are receiving more attention, but emotional support is equally important. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of meditation, exercises, dietary, and life-style modifications on depression, anxiety, stress, and self-esteem among infertile women. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This randomized controlled trial was carried out on randomly assigned 60 infertile women (30 experimental and 30 control groups) with the above-mentioned distress at the Infertility Clinic of a tertiary-level hospital in India during the period from 01.07.2020 to 30.6.2021. Infertile women were enrolled using a systematic random sampling technique. The pretest was done with the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Interventions were operated on an experimental group for five subsequent visits for 60 minutes and the control group received routine care. A post-test was done on sixth visit. RESULTS: The pretest mean score of infertile women was 16.13 ± 4.95 for depression, 18.93 ± 4.26 for anxiety, 29.27 ± 4.59 for stress and 10.47 ± 3.49 for self-esteem, respectively. The post-test mean score was 9.07 ± 3.14 for depression, 10.73 ± 3.17 for anxiety, 18.4 ± 3.77 for stress, and 17.5 ± 1.96 for self-esteem. The study results showed the post-test mean score was significantly different in the experimental and control groups at P < 0.001. CONCLUSION: These complementary therapies could potentially lessen the emotional distress experienced by infertile women and boost pregnancy rates. So, infertility management should be comprehensive instead of only using medical treatment to get a better outcome.

Copyright of Journal of Child & Development (J-CAD) / Çocuk ve Gelişim Dergisi (ÇG-D) is the property of Hatice Bekir and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Although there is a substantial body of observation research investigating the manner in which reading instruction is provided to students with learning disabilities, there is little research in this area involving students with and at risk for emotional disturbance. The purpose of this investigation was to contribute to the limited corpus of observation studies investigating school-based practice in reading for this student population. In this investigation, 11 teachers from two states were systematically observed while providing reading instruction over the course of the 2017-2018 school year. Participating students were also observed over the course of the year and completed two standardized reading assessments at the beginning and end of this investigation. Teachers were also interviewed to identify contextual factors that promote or impede the provision of high quality reading instruction to this student population. Study findings suggest that teachers are in need of additional training, support, and resources to maximize instructional time. Students in this sample tended to make no or minimal progress in reading and were frequently observed displaying low levels of academic engagement across settings. Implications for school practice and areas for future research are discussed.

Students identified with Emotional/Behavioral Disorders (EBD) often exhibit behavioral challengtablees that negatively affect their academic performance. One of the weaker academic areas for these students lies in reading. Although numerous research on interventions to improve their reading outcomes has been conducted, some students continue to lag behind their typical peers. The use of instructional practices not supported by strong empirical evidence may deter students' reading outcomes from improving. To address the reading performance gap, educators are encouraged to use evidence-based practices supported by strong empirical research. In order to facilitate this evidence base, the Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) provides research quality indicators to evaluate interventions' studies for validity and rigor. This study applied the CEC quality indicators to evaluate the methodological rigor of research on reading interventions for students with EBD published between 2000 and 2020. Findings suggest that most studies generally meet a lot of the rigor standards set forth by the CEC. Researchers using single case designs (SCDs), however, may need to include effect size measures in their results to illustrate the quantitative effects of the interventions on reading outcomes. Implications for future research and practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AimThe neurobiological effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation are believed to run in part through the dopaminergic system. Accelerated high frequency rTMS (aHF-rTMS), a new form of stimuli delivery, is currently being tested for its usefulness in treating human and canine mental disorders. However, the short-and long-term neurobiological effects are still unclear, including the effects on the dopaminergic system. In aHF-rTMS, multiple sessions are delivered within 1 day instead of one session per day, not only to accelerate the time to response but also to increase clinical efficacy. To gain more insight into the neurobiology of aHF-rTMS, we investigated whether applying five sessions in 1 day has direct and/or delayed effects on the dopamine transporter (DAT), and on dopamine metabolites of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in beagles.Materials and methodsThirteen beagles were randomly divided into two groups: five active stimulation sessions (n = 9), and 5 sham stimulation sessions (n = 4). Using DaTSCAN, DAT binding indices (BI) were obtained at baseline, after 1 day, 1 month, and 3 months post stimulation. CSF samples were collected after each scan.ResultsActive aHF-rTMS significantly reduced striatal DAT BI 1 day post-active stimulation session (p

Objectives Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in children that lead to numerous complications. This study examined the changes in rs2283265 polymorphisms in the dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) and rs27072 in the dopamine transporter gene (SLC6A3) in ADHD patients. Materials & Methods This descriptive-analytical study was performed on children aged 4-12 years with ADHD. In this study, 100 patients in the ADHD group (according to DSM-IV-TR criteria and diagnosed by interview by a child and adolescent psychiatrist) and 100 children in the control group (including patients referring to the pediatrician without hyperactivity) were enrolled. Two polymorphisms rs2283265 and rs27072 in two groups were comparatively investigated using PCR-RFLP method and restriction enzymes. Data were analyzed using SPSS 17. Results There was a significant correlation between gender and ADHD, and the disease was more common in boys (P=0.021). In this study, there was no significant relationship between ADHD types and frequency distribution of rs2283265 (DRD2) and rs27072 (SLC6A3) polymorphism genotypes (P<0.05). However, there was a significant correlation between distribution of rs2283265 (DRD2) and rs27072 (SLC6A3) polymorphisms and ADHD (P<0.05). Conclusion It seems that the changes in DRD2 and SLC6A3 genes are associated with ADHD, and study of these genes can be helpful in diagnosis and genetic screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jordanian Educational Journal is the property of Association of Arab Universities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the training strategies of executive functions of the brain and mirror neurons on the function of the frontal lobe in boys with behavioral disorders. Method: In this research, a quasi-experimental method of repeated measurement (pre-test, post-test and follow-up) was used with a control group. The statistical population included 9-12-year-old students with behavioral disorders in Tehran. The sample size included 45 boys with behavioral disorders which were selected from the male students of the 7th district of education in Tehran and were divided into two experimental groups and one control group. The tools used in this study included the Stroop test, the Children's Morbid Symptoms Questionnaire (Parent Form, 1991), and the Behavior Disorder Diagnosis Questionnaire. The data was analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance with SPSS 22 software. Results: The intervention of educational strategies of executive functions had a positive and significant effect on the performance of the frontal lobe and its components, including cognitive flexibility and pre-test inhibitory response components in the post-test and follow-up phases, but it did not affect the selective attention component. Also, teaching mirror neuron strategies had a positive and significant effect on the function of the frontal lobe and its components. Conclusion: The interventions of both strategies have been effective in improving frontal function, but mirror neuron strategies have had a more effective role on the frontal function and its components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Scales for Assessing Emotional Disturbance Screener–Third Edition (SAED-3) is a standardized, norm-referenced measure designed to identify school-age students at risk for emotional and behavioral problems. Four studies are reported to address the psychometric status of the SAED-3 Screener. Study 1 examined the internal consistency of the Screener using a sample of 1,430 students. Study 2 investigated the interrater reliability of the Screener results across 123 pairs of teachers who had worked with the student for at least 2 months. Study 3 assessed the extent to which the results from the Screener are consistent over time by examining test–retest reliability. Study 4 examined convergent validity by comparing the Screener to the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Across all studies, samples were drawn from populations of students included in the nationally representative normative sample. The averaged coefficient alpha for the Screener was.88. Interrater reliability coefficient for the composite was.83. Test–retest reliability of the composite was.83. Correlations with the SDQ subscales ranged from.74 to.99, and the correlation of the Screener to the SDQ composite was.99. Limitations and implications for use of the Screener are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this research is to measure the effectiveness of Blended Teaching Method of Face to Face and virtual PCIT based on Eyberg’s approach on the relationship between the mother and her child with behavioral disorders, The Tehran preschool children. This research was a semi experimental with the post test and pretest pattern on 30 mothers of preschool children with behavioral disorders (15 mothers in experiment group and 15 mothers in control group). They were selected through convenience sampling method. They were divided to two equally separate groups (one as experiment group and the other as control group). Experimental group received PCIT during 14 sessions while the control group did not recieve that program. The instrument of present research was parent child relationship scale (PCRS) of Piyanta (1994). For analysis, independent t-test and covariance analysis were used. Our findings showed that face to face and virtual PCIT based on Eyberg’s approach to behavioral disorders of preschool children, had a meaningful effect on challenge, dependence, closeness and positive relationship. The general model of the results indicated that this program is effective in improving relationship between the mother and her child, and could be used as a model of cure in preschools.

Background: Infertility is not only a reproductive health problem; it's also emotionally painful. Currently, treatments for infertility are receiving more attention, but emotional support is equally important. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of meditation, exercises, dietary, and life-style modifications on depression, anxiety, stress, and self-esteem among infertile women., Material and Methods: This randomized controlled trial was carried out on randomly assigned 60 infertile women (30 experimental and 30 control groups) with the above-mentioned distress at the Infertility Clinic of a tertiary-level hospital in India during the period from 01.07.2020 to 30.6.2021. Infertile women were enrolled using a systematic random sampling technique. The pretest was done with the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Interventions were operated on an experimental group for five subsequent visits for 60 minutes and the control group received routine care. A post-test was done on sixth visit., Results: The pretest mean score of infertile women was 16.13 ± 4.95 for depression, 18.93 ± 4.26 for anxiety, 29.27 ± 4.59 for stress and 10.47 ± 3.49 for self-esteem, respectively. The post-test mean score was 9.07 ± 3.14 for depression, 10.73 ± 3.17 for anxiety, 18.4 ± 3.77 for stress, and 17.5 ± 1.96 for self-esteem. The study results showed the post-test mean score was significantly different in the experimental and control groups at P < 0.001., Conclusion: These complementary therapies could potentially lessen the emotional distress experienced by infertile women and boost pregnancy rates. So, infertility management should be comprehensive instead of only using medical treatment to get a better outcome., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2024 Journal of Education and Health Promotion.)

The Scales for Assessing Emotional Disturbance–Third Edition Rating Scale (SAED-3 RS; Epstein et al.) is a standardized, norm-referenced measure designed to aid in the identification process by providing useful data to professionals determining eligibility of students with an emotional disturbance (ED). Three studies are reported to address the reliability of the SAED-3 RS. Study 1 investigated the internal reliability of the SAED-3 RS using data from a nationally representative sample of 1,430 students and 441 with ED. Study 2 examined interrater reliability between 123 pairs of educators who had worked with the student for at least 2 months. Study 3 assessed the test–retest reliability over a 2-week period to determine stability of the SAED-3 RS. Across all studies, scores collected from the SAED-3 RS were determined to be a reliable, stable for measuring the emotional and behavioral functioning of students. Specifically, the averaged coefficient alpha for internal consistency ranged from.79 to.92 for each subscale and.96 for the composite score; interrater reliability coefficients ranged from.77 to.89 for each subscale and.89 for the composite score, and test–retest reliability coefficients ranged from.79 to.92 for each subscale and.96 for the composite score. Limitations, future research and implications for use of the SAED-3 RS are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research findings have suggested that reading deficits and problem behaviors are positively related. This synthesis investigated how reading interventions impact behavioral/social skill outcomes by reviewing studies that included (a) a reading intervention without behavioral/social skill components, (b) behavioral/social skill dependent variables, and (c) students in Grades K-12. Fifteen articles were evaluated by the type of reading intervention, associations between positive reading effects and behavioral/social skill outcomes, and The What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) determinants of study ratings. Findings suggested that reading interventions tended to have positive reading outcomes, while behavioral/social skill outcomes were small or negative. Research did not suggest an association between improved reading and behavioral performance, regardless of the WWC study determinants rating. Implications include reading instruction may not be sufficient to improve behavioral and social skill outcomes. Additional research is warranted to investigate the long-term impact of reading on behavioral and social skill outcomes.

Les professionnels des équipes de secteur de psychiatrie générale sont régulièrement saisis de signalements sur des personnes dont la situation semble préoccupante à leur auteur (trouble du voisinage, comportement inquiétant, repli, discours suicidaire, agressivité, etc.). Bien qu'il s'agisse d'une activité bien ancrée dans les pratiques des équipes de secteur, peu de littérature existe sur ce sujet. Pourtant, elle soulève régulièrement des questions cliniques, légales, éthiques et aussi organisationnelles. Une enquête menée pendant six mois a permis d'étudier 61 signalements de personnes non connues du secteur. On note qu'il y a à peu près autant d'hommes que de femmes signalés dont l'âge est le plus souvent compris entre 31 et 60 ans et que 80 % sont sans activité. C'est un membre de la famille qui est le plus fréquemment l'auteur du signalement. Les motifs du signalement sont essentiellement des troubles du comportement, des idées délirantes ou un repli sur soi. Dix pour cent de situations ont été réorientées d'emblée vers des services d'urgence. Les réponses apportées au signalement sont variables selon les critères de gravité recueillis. Elles sont : la proposition de consultation au centre médicopsychologique (48 %), l'organisation d'une visite à domicile (35 %) suivie d'une hospitalisation (9 %), la non-intervention (17 %). Dans 5 % des cas, il a été proposé un suivi en consultation à la personne à l'origine du signalement. Au total, la pratique du traitement des signalements a permis d'évaluer 40 % des situations non urgentes et de mettre en place les soins adéquats. Dans cet article sont décrits les travaux d'un groupe pluriprofessionnel réunissant plusieurs secteurs parisiens. Le partage des pratiques a conduit à élaborer un guide des prises en charge des signalements et un dossier de recueil d'information dans le but de donner aux équipes des repères pour faire face à ce type de demande d'intervention. Community psychiatry teams are regularly required to take care of people's worrying situations (neighborhood trouble, home withdrawal, suicidal discourse, hostility, etc.). Despite this being a common activity in community psychiatry, we have found very little literature on the subject. However, this type of intervention often raises ethical, legal and organizational questions. A six-month survey leads to the analysis of 61 reports of individuals not previously known by the community psychiatry team. There is almost an equal number of men and women. People being reported are aged between 31 and 60, and 80% are unemployed. People reporting to psychiatric services are members of the family in most cases. The report's reasons are mostly neighborhood disorders, delusional ideas, and social withdrawal. Ten per cent of these reports have been redirected to an emergency department straight away. The answers to the reports are quite diverse according to the severity elements collected. The different actions after a report are: proposal for a consultation in the outpatient clinic (48%), home visit (35%), no intervention (17%), home visit followed by an hospitalization (9%). In 5% of the cases, a psychiatric consultation was proposed to the person reporting his relative. As a conclusion, working on report of patient's situation allowed us to evaluate 40% of the non-urgent situations and to propose sufficient mental health care. In this article, we describe the work of a multi-professional group from different areas in Paris. Sharing our practices leads to the elaboration of a guide for report's care and an information-gathering file to help the professionals in those types of interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various stakeholders continue to have concerns regarding the school performance of students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD). In an effort to improve student outcomes, schools may rely on improving student access to general education classrooms (e.g., inclusion). This trend occurs at a time when districts across the nation face heightened expectations regarding the provision of a free appropriate public education. Although federal policy emphasizes the use of research-based practices to improve student outcomes, there appears to be little research to inform decision-making when planning inclusive instruction for students with EBD. In the absence of intervention research, practitioners must largely rely on their professional judgment to operationalize inclusive instruction and monitor student response to inclusive instructional practices. This column summarizes relevant intervention research focusing on academic performance, makes recommendations for additional research to better inform school practice, and suggests practices to improve service delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim and methods: Cross-sectional data from 118 Chilean children with ASD collected during the pandemic outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 were evaluated to analyze predictors of behavioral problem impairment. Results: Forty-five percent of parents stated that their children's behavioral difficulties increased in intensity or frequency. The adjusted predictors were having a family member hospitalized with COVID-19 (OR = 4.11; 95% CI = 1.53–11.1) and parents' mental health disorders during the pandemic (OR = 2.43; 95% CI = 1.01–5.83). Conclusion: Potentially modifiable psychosocial factors affecting children's behavior should be considered in a possible second outbreak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction The inclusion process allows children with special educational needs to be included in a normative environment. A large group consists of children with intellectual disabilities and behavioral disorders, hey need medical and pedagogical rehabilitation due to their low learning ability, neurotic disorders, and mental distortion. Objectives Study of psychophysical characteristics of children with intellectual disability and behavioral disorders. Methods 140 children with intellectual disabilities who have impairments in the neuro-psychological sphere (2017-2020 г.г.). Methods: medical and pedagogical, observation, examination, assessment. Results Variants of the child’s psychophysical development: Option 1. (75%): children with a predominance of violations in behavior, emotional and volitional sphere. There is aggressiveness, inconsistency and impulsiveness of actions, lack of distance with an adult, and difficulties in complying with accepted norms and rules. Option 2 (25%): children with the following manifestations: timidity, tearfulness, distrust, fears, lack of initiative. All children have difficulty sleeping, eating disorders, and frequent psychosomatic illnesses. Conclusions Children with intellectual disabilities in an inclusive practice need comprehensive assistance, taking into account different variants of their psychophysical characteristics. The studied children were found to have neurotic and neurosis-like disorders, as well as pathological personality development. All children have: low performance, lability of the nervous system, lack of voluntary regulation, impaired activity, learning difficulties. There are behavioral and mental disorders that require medical, psychological and pedagogical rehabilitation.

Résumé: Que ce soit en cabinet libéral ou en centre adapté, les médecins généralistes (MG) peuvent être amenés à gérer des troubles du comportement (TC) de patients en situation de handicap mental. La première partie de cet article, vise à définir les « troubles du comportement », mettre en lumière les significations et étiologies possibles, et appréhender ce qui peut être modifié dans l'environnement pour les apaiser. Une deuxième partie traitera des prises en charge médicales possibles. Whether in a private practice or in an adapted center, general practitioners (GPs) may be called upon to manage behavioural disorders (BD) in patients with mental disabilities. The first part of this article aims to define "behavioural disorders", to highlight the possible meanings and etiologies, and to apprehend what can be modified in the environment to alleviate BD. A second part will deal with possible medical treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the knowledge of professionals of mental health services and social work on Behavior Disorders (BD) in childhood and adolescence, and to analyze their actions in care for children and adolescents with such disorders. Method: a qualitative, descriptive-exploratory study with 13 professionals from two mental health services and two tutorial councils. The data were collected in interviews and submitted to thematic content analysis. Results: three categories emerged from the interviews: “Knowledge about behavior disorders”, which defines BD as deviations from normality and lack of limits. “Integrated and group care”, which explains the integrated, multidisciplinary and group actions. “Specialized and legal care”, which explains the actions through specialized, medical and judicial care. Final considerations: the results point out weaknesses and knowledge gaps of professionals, causing potential harm in the programming of effective actions, such as identification, referral and therapeutic planning.

Professionals of child and youth mental healthcare suggest that violent behavior of children toward parents is increasing, according to complaints filed by abused parents of children of minor age or youths both in national and international contexts. An aim of this work is to carry out a review of the programs of intervention in child-to-parent violence or similar programs with evidence of their efficacy, although the main aim is the description of the Early Intervention Program in Child-to-Parent Violence Situations. A number of programs have been found of intervention treatment in child-to-parent violence that have proposals of detailed protocols, but they do not have consistent proof of their efficacy. The early intervention program is carried out in a group format and includes detailed manuals of the three subprograms that it comprises (adolescents, parents and families), and it provides some positive evidence.

Background: Subcortical vascular dementia (sVAD) is considered the most frequent dementia in old population, and it is due to a small vessel disease. It has a very specific nosography, where the dominant factors are dysexecutive functions, depression, and apathy. Very few studies described visual hallucinations in sVAD, apart from in the final stages of it.Methods: This study recruited 577 patients with a diagnosis of sVAD associated with major ocular pathologies and 1118 patients with sVAD without any significant ocular pathology: Patients were followed up for 24 months. We studied the influence of ocular pathologies in precocious visual hallucinations, on behavior disorder (aggressiveness), and gait disorders (instability, fells). We registered the necessity of neuropsychiatric therapies, incidence of hospitalization, and institutionalization.Results: What emerges from our study is that the ocular comorbidities might change the behavior profile of dementia, provoking behavioral alterations, and the need for therapies with adverse effects. As far as old age is a complicated status of life, many factors can modify its development. The possible contribution of multiple biological events cannot be neglected, particularly the underlying influence of chronic diseases as well as the geriatric conditions, per se, might compromise the cognitive functions and the pathological conditions. Ocular pathology as a superimposing event in sVAD might worse the outcome. A correct and rapid identification of critical patients might be relevant for the dynamic life events in these patients and their caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dirassat in Humanities & Social Sciences is the property of Research & Development of Human Recourses Center (REMAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is a genetic disorder characterized by different somatic impairments and retarded psychomotor development. 8-yearold male diagnosed with CdLS comes to Children' Psychiatry assesment presenting behavioural disorder as well as delayed motor and cognitive development. He cannot talk and only pictograms are used for communication. Severe cognitive rigidity, specially to manage changes and new contexts. In these cases, he shows aggressiveness against objects and self-injurious behaviour. A trial test of risperidone is started based on similarities betweeen these behavioral disorders and those present in autism spectrum. He shows a remarkable improvement, decreasing three points in the Clinical Global Impression. Scientific evidence mostly derives from case reports studies. That implies the quality of scientific evidence is low. Though the treatment with risperidone may be effective and well tolerated, more studies are required to move forward on the pharmacological treatment of behavioral disorders in CdLS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with potential influence over parent stress. Our research studies the differences between perceived stress by parents (PSP) with and without ADHD kids, and also analyses the best explanatory model of clinical, social, economic and academic variables associated to PSP. Method: Observational analytical investigation design of cases and controls, matched by sex and age. Consecutive sampling of 82 participants between 6 and 16 years old (41 from mental health services / 41 general population). ADHD clinic evaluation was conducted with NICHQ Vanderbilt Scale. Perceived stress by parents was evaluated using PSS (Perceived Stress Scale, Remor). Results: Parents with ADHD kids have higher levels of perceived stress (d = .532). The explanatory model which predicts PSP the best is made up of two variables: having ADHD kids and being separated or divorced. The best model does not include variables like kids learning disorders, behavior disorders or emotional disorders, neither parents unemployment, sex or age. Conclusions: Perceived stress by parents is related to ADHD and could be reduced with its treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In reviewing the preceding articles, I emphasize the predominance of relational theories in the study of development as a way of demonstrating the evolutionary and relational extremity of reactive attachment disorder (RAD). The lack (or distortion?) of mutuality, RAD's defining feature, has implications for all aspects of development, not least of which is self-regulation. I review each article in this special issue, emphasizing important features, integrating across studies, expanding their links to attachment theory, and recommending future directions. Finally, I conduct two meta-analyses of the samples in this special issue, one meta-analysis addressing convergent validity of RAD assessment instrumentation developed by authors represented here and the other addressing the links between RAD and internalizing and externalizing behaviors. This special issue exploits the disaggregation of reactive attachment and disinhibited social engagement disorders to move the field forward in remarkable ways, both methodologically and substantively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Smartphone overuse has become prevalent worldwide. The aim of this study is to develop a self-administered scale, the Smartphone Overuse Classification Scale (SOCS) that can be used to screen for different types of smartphone overuse. Methods: The SOCS consists of three subscales: social network app overuse (S-scale), recreational app overuse (R-scale), and information overload (I-scale). A total of 849 participants were recruited to complete questionnaires, including the SOCS, Young's Diagnosis Questionnaire (Young's DQ) and a demographic data form. Results: Three factors (cognitive disorder, behavioral disorder, and mood disorder) were extracted from each subscale of the SOCS, and these explained over 60% of the variance of each subscale. The Cronbach's alpha was 0.849 for the SOCS and 0.813, 0.726, and 0.706 for the S-scale, R-scale and I-scale, respectively. Intra-class correlations for the SOCS and its subscales ranged from 0.768 to 0.879. The SOCS and its subscales were moderately or highly correlated with Young's DQ. Conclusions: The SOCS may provide a basis for developing specific intervention schemes for different types of smartphone overuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé Introduction Les instituts thérapeutiques, éducatifs et pédagogiques (ITEP) accueillent des jeunes présentant des troubles du comportement. Nous nous sommes intéressés aux antécédents de maltraitance sexuelle chez ces jeunes, dont le climat incestuel. Notre objectif était de mieux définir le climat incestuel et les caractéristiques associées. Méthode L'échantillon était constitué des 202 jeunes accueillis en ITEP en Indre-et-Loire (région Centre-Val de Loire). Les 12 éléments évocateurs d'un climat incestuel ont été définis à partir du concept d'incestuel de Racamier et après des réunions préparatoires de consensus avec des pédopsychiatres et médecins de l'éducation nationale. Le questionnaire global explorait 4 autres registres de la vie des jeunes : maltraitances suspectées et/ou établies ; symptômes cliniques faisant suspecter la maltraitance sexuelle ; facteurs environnementaux ; mesures éducatives. La cotation des données recueillies a été réalisée par une équipe pluri-professionnelle de l'ITEP. Résultats La prévalence de la maltraitance sexuelle avérée était de 5,94 % (n = 12) et la suspicion de maltraitance sexuelle 16,49 % (n = 32) ; 49,01 % (n = 99) des jeunes des ITEP présentaient au moins un des critères de climat incestuel, 33,17 % (n = 67) au moins 2 critères. On retrouvait chez ces derniers plus de maltraitance sexuelle avérée ou suspectée. Ils présentaient plus souvent des troubles du sommeil, de l'humeur, des antécédents de tentatives de suicide, un rapport inadapté à la sexualité. Conclusion Le climat incestuel fait partie des maltraitances sexuelles et cette étude permet d'objectiver des critères permettant de le définir. Ce travail exploratoire nécessitera d'être confirmé par d'autres études, mais il est essentiel dans la mesure où il permet d'appréhender les jeunes avec troubles du comportement et souffrance non verbalisée. Abstract Introduction The consequences of sexual violence have a negative impact on the child's subsequent development. Emotional incest is harmful to the child, even if there are no actual physical acts; its consequences are not as well known as those of incest, but are likely to be similar. Young people with severely disturbed behavior are referred to Therapeutic, Educational and Pedagogical Institutes (ITEP). We looked for a history of sexual abuse in these young people, including emotional incest. The aim of this study is to better define emotional incest (among other forms of sexual violence) and to propose criteria for its identification among the young people attending ITEPs. Method The sample consisted of 202 young people (mean age 17.1 ± 2.0 years, 13–23; 87.1% men) in the two ITEPs of the department of Indre-et-Loire in the 'Centre-Val de Loire' Region (France). The elements suggesting emotional incest were defined from the literature (Racamier) and preparatory consensus meetings (a team of local child psychiatrists and doctors working with the Education Ministry), resulting in 12 criteria. The global questionnaire explored four other areas of the lives of young people: suspected violence and/or legally defined emotional incest; clinical symptoms suggesting sexual abuse; environmental causes; educational measures. The team of professionals considered the existence of emotional incest if two or more criteria were met. A multi-disciplinary team from the two ITEPs completed the items in the questionnaire from the files and their knowledge of the young people in their care. Results The prevalence of proven sexual abuse was 5.94% (n = 12) and of suspected abuse 16.49% (n = 32); 49.01% (n = 99) of the young people met at least one of emotional incest criteria and 33.17% (n = 67) at least two. The latter had experienced more sexual abuse (actual and/or suspected) than the other adolescents. They had more sleep and mood disorders (which could suggest a depressive syndrome), history of suicide attempts, and inappropriate attitudes to sexuality (detected by their language, knowledge, disinhibition, gambling, risk-taking, excessive or deviant sexuality). Concerning the contextual factors (family dynamics, break-up of relationships, mental disorders in the parents, etc.), we show the importance of precarious socio-family backgrounds, the detention of a parent, and mental disorder of the mother. Conclusion Emotional incest is a form of sexual abuse, and this study provides objective criteria to identify it. While this exploratory study needs to be confirmed by other studies, it offers a way of seeking other causes of behavior disorders and non-verbalized suffering. In ITEPs, professionals must be attentive to the family dynamics of the young people in their care, particularly to dysfunctional relationships and sexual preoccupations. In education and early childhood sectors, it may be useful to strengthen prevention by looking more systematically for indications of emotional incest in the same way as other forms of abuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Forest can be taken as a natural therapy to alleviate perceived anxiety of visitors. Given the geographical difference between urban and rural forest environments, little is known about the urban forest therapy effect of anxiety alleviation with reference to the rural forest. In this study, forty-three university students (aged from 19 to 23) were recruited as participants to visit the forest parks at urban and rural areas of Guiyang City on 21 and 23 December 2016. The forest experience was separated by four sceneries. Participants were asked to complete questionnaires by self-evaluating specific anxiety change from 12 questions with scores from 1 to 10 at both entrance and exit of the parks. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and paired t-test were used to compare the change of anti-anxiety scores during forest bathing and between urban and rural forests, respectively. Results revealed that forest bathing in the urban park can alleviate the anxiety from financial state (P = 0.0028), exam-pass pressure (P = 0.0040) and love-affair relationship (P = 0.0286). Although rural forest bathing can also alleviate the anxiety from financial state (P = 0.0222), meanwhile, it maintained the anxiety about campus life (P < 0.0001). Forest tree richness tended to be higher in the rural forest park than in the urban one, which in contrast decreased the anxiety alleviation from inter-communication in the rural forest park (P = 0.0487). Principle component analysis indicated that participants tended to perceive more decline of anxiety from social contact in the urban forest. In conclusion, university students were recommended to pay a short visit to the urban forest with partners if they felt anxious about personal affairs and felt necessary to talk with others. For general people's visiting, urban forest trees can be controlled in diversity to some extent to look orderly and alleviate perceived anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Canine compulsive disorder such as tail-chasing is a syndrome of abnormal behaviors that affects many breeds. This disorder may be associated with serum lipid elevations in dogs, so the objective of the present survey was to characterize serum lipid profile changes in dogs with tail chasing behavior disorder. Twenty seven companion dogs with tail chasing were selected among the referred cases to the Veterinary Hospital of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. The affected dogs were diagnosed on the basis of the dog’s behavioral history (age, frequency and duration of bouts since onset, intensity of the behavior, current or previous medical assessments) and clinical signs. Serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C and VLDL-C levels were measured using commercial kits. Twenty seven control dogs were also enrolled on the basis of normal physical examination results, complete blood count and serum biochemistry profiles. Dogs with tail chasing disorder had significantly higher total cholesterol (p < 0.001), HDL-C (p < 0.05) and LDL-C (p < 0.001) levels compared with control group dogs. Serum triglyceride and VLDL-C levels did not differ significantly between two groups (p > 0.05). When all parameters were compared, there was no significant difference between the affected dogs younger and older than one year (p > 0.05). In conclusion, tail chasing disorder may be associated with marked elevations of serum cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C levels in dogs. These indices may be used as biochemical parameters of tail chasing disorder in clinical settings.

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disorder with a great degree of phenotypic variability. Given the presence of two gene loci underlying this disorder, locus heterogeneity may account for some of the variability. However, significant within family variation suggests that different genes do not explain the majority of this variation. The purpose of this research is to identify physical and behavioural variation in expression of TSC in a single large extended kindred. TSC in this kindred is cosegregating with markers localised to chromosome 16p13.3. The expression of TSC in this kindred is quite variable with a substantial proportion of persons showing very mild physical expression of TSC. In contrast to very mild physical expression of TSC in some family members, there is a significant clustering of psychiatric disorders among persons affected with TSC compared to their unaffected relatives. This finding, coupled with the mild physical expression of TSC in some family members, supports a hypothesis that the TSC2 gene may present phenotypically as mild skin signs and significant behavioural problems.

Autism is a behavior disorder with genetic influences indicated from twin and family studies and from the co-occurrence of autism with known genetic disorders. Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a known genetic disorder with behavioral manifestations including autism. A literature review of these two disorders substantiates a significant association of autism and TSC with 17-58% of TSC subjects manifesting autism and 0.4-3% of autistic subjects having TSC. In initial data collected on 13 TSC probands and 14 autistic probands in our family study of autism and TSC, we identified 7 TSC subjects with autism. The seven TSC autistic probands are similar to non-TSC autistic probands on the Social and Communication domains of the Autism Diagnostic Inventory (ADI) (Le Couteur et al., 1989), but show fewer Repetitive Rituals. There are more male TSC probands with autism than female, despite an equal sex ratio among TSC probands. The TSC probands with autism have significantly more seizures and mental retardation than those without autism; however, the extent and etiology of associations require further study. Our preliminary findings suggest that a fruitful approach for delineating genetic influences in autism may come from further investigation of possible mechanisms underlying the association of autism and TSC.

Background: The brain stem is found to be impaired in multiple system atrophy-cerebellar types (MSA-C). Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is reported as a marker of progressive brain stem dysfunction. Few systematic studies about the sleep disturbances in MSA-C patients combined with or without RBD were reported. This study aimed to explore the polysomnographic (PSG) features of sleep disturbances between MSA-C patients with and without RBD. Methods: Totally, 46 MSA-C patients (23 with RBD, and 23 without RBD) were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent a structured interview for their demographic data, history of sleep pattern, and movement disorders; and then, overnight video-PSG was performed in each patient. All the records were evaluated by specialists at the Sleep Medicine Clinic for RBD and the Movement Disorder Clinic for MSA-C. The Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test for continuous variables, and the Chi-square test for categorical variables were used in this study. Results: MSA-C patients with RBD had younger visiting age (52.6 ± 7.4 vs. 56.7 ± 6.0 years, P = 0.046) and shorter duration of the disease (12.0 [12.0, 24.0] vs. 24.0 [14.0, 36.0] months, P = 0.009) than MSA-C patients without RBD. MSA-C with RBD had shorter REM sleep latency (111.7 ± 48.2 vs. 157.0 ± 68.8 min, P = 0.042), higher percentage of REM sleep (14.9% ±4.0% vs. 10.0% ± 3.2%, P = 0.019), and lower Stage I (9.5% ±7.2% vs. 15.9% ±8.0%, P = 0.027) than MSA-C without RBD. Moreover, MSA-C patients with RBD had more decreased sleep efficiency (52.4% ±12.6% vs. 65.8% ±15.9%, P = 0.029) than that without RBD. Conclusions: In addition to the RBD, MSA-C patients with RBD had other more severe sleep disturbances than those without RBD. The sleep disorders of MSA patients might be associated with the progress of the disease.

Introduction: the goal of this study was to describe the social skills, behavior, and related problems of children during dental consultation at a teaching care center in the city of Cartagena, Colombia. Methods: this was a cross sectional study in 205 children aged 5 to 8 years receiving dental treatment in the area of study and evaluated by the Frankl scale, the Preschool and Kindergarten Behavior Scales (PKBS), and a survey about family and socio-demographic factors. The analysis was performed by means of averages (±DE), t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (Anova), and Chi square tests. Results: the Frankl scale showed higher positive behaviors. The findings obtained in the social skills dimension for the “help a friend in trouble” item showed higher averages as age progressed: age 5 (1.46), age 6 (1.57), age 7 (1.74), age 8 (1.77) (p

Non-drug interventions (NDIs) are recommended as a first-line treatment in gerontology to address the psychological and behavioral symptoms of dementia. This article illustrates the NMIs implemented, how they are carried out and how they are evaluated as part of the Bien vieillir project at Nice University Hospital., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)