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This analysis is framed to take care of the high heat transfer demand from various application prospects and in this context nanofluid may be in consideration because nanofluids are well-known liquids with higher heat transfer capabilities. Here, a mixed convection flow of Molybdenum disulfide-water (MoS2-H2O) nanofluid on a moving vertical plate is examined when there are chemical reactions. Nanofluid problem is investigated using Tiwari and Das model, and numerically solved by "bvp4c" method. For the considered effects in the study, overshoots in temperature profile of nanofluid are observed. Momentum and thermal layer thicknesses become thinner with suction and thicker with blowing. Temperature overshoot is higher for blowing cases. Enhanced homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions lead to rise of the concentration boundary layer's thickness. Also, magnitude of surface-drag force decays and cooling rate enhances with MoS2-H2O nanofluid mixed convection. For weaker suction and for blowing, cooling of nanofluid is faster with larger volume fraction of nanoparticles, but contrast results are obtained for greater suction. Importantly, compared to the homogeneous reaction, the heterogeneous reaction exhibits more impactful influences on flow and heat-mass transport characters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Workers who experience language barriers are at increased risk of work‐related injuries and illnesses and face difficulties reporting these health problems to their employer and workers' compensation. In the existing occupational health and safety literature, however, such challenges are often framed in individual‐level terms. We identify systemic barriers to reporting among injured workers who experience language barriers within the varying contexts of Ontario and Quebec, Canada. Methods: This study merges data from two qualitative studies that investigated experiences with workers' compensation and return‐to‐work, respectively, for injured workers who experience language barriers. We conducted semi‐structured interviews with 39 workers and 70 stakeholders in Ontario and Quebec. Audio recordings were transcribed and coded using NVivo software. The data was analysed thematically and iteratively. Results: Almost all workers (34/39) had filed a claim, though most had initially delayed reporting their injuries or illnesses to their employer or to workers' compensation. Workers faced several obstacles to reporting, including confusion surrounding the cause and severity of injuries and illnesses; lack of information, misinformation, and disinformation about workers' compensation; difficulties accessing and interacting with care providers; fear and insecurity linked to precarity; claim suppression by employers; negative perceptions of, and experiences with, workers' compensation; and lack of supports. Language barriers amplified each of these difficulties, resulting in significant negative impacts in economic, health, and claim areas. Conclusion: Improving the linguistic and cultural competence of organizations and their representatives is insufficient to address under‐reporting among workers who experience language barriers. Efforts to improve timely reporting must tackle the policies and practices that motivate and enable under‐reporting for workers, physicians, and employers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Growing evidence supports the integration and coordination of occupational health and safety and workplace health promotion activities instead of these coexisting as siloed efforts. Identifying implementation challenges and how these can be overcome is an important step to achieving truly integrated worker health efforts. We conducted a scoping review to identify the barriers and facilitators to integrated worker health approaches and described recommendations for implementing these efforts. Method: Peer-reviewed articles and gray literature from 2008 to 2019 were searched from the following electronic databases: EMBASE, Ovid Medline, PsycINFO, and ABI/INFORM. References from relevant articles and key informant suggestions also were collected. Data were extracted from documents if they focused on the occupational health and safety and health promotion of workers and described outcomes associated with integrated worker health approaches or outlined considerations relevant to the implementation of these approaches. Results: Fifty-one documents met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Barriers and facilitators to implementing integrated worker health approaches were found at the extraorganizational, organizational, worker, and program levels, with limited resource availability the most reported barrier and support from leadership the most reported facilitator. Ten broad recommendations were identified and highlighted gaining leadership support, demonstrating leadership commitment, developing worker-centric approaches, and building capacity for workers. Conclusion: In reviewing the literature, we found clear and consistent recommendations relevant for integrated worker health approaches. Further research is needed to better understand how these recommendations apply to diverse workforces and organizations with varied resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of gender and anthropometric measurement on pulmonary functions (forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in 1st s [FEV1] and peak expiratory flow rate [PEFR]) of undergraduate medical students to emphasise the need for further research on the aetiology and the prevention of respiratory diseases. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Chittagong Medical College (CMC), Chattogram, Bangladesh, from July 2017 to June 2018. A total of 100 participants, aged between 18 and 20 years, studying in the 1st year in CMC, were included by a random sampling method. The participants filled out a questionnaire with general information about previous diseases, medication and family history. Fifty male participants were enrolled in the study group according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Age and body mass index matched another 50 female participants were included. Respiratory parameters such as FVC, FEV1 and PEFR were measured by a digital spirometer (Chestgraph HI-101, Japan). Readings were taken in normal upright sitting posture. The statistical tests utilised were unpaired Student's t-test and the correlation coefficient conducted using SPSS for windows version 23. Results: Female participants showed significantly lower FVC, FEV1 and PEFR than males. This study observed a significant positive correlation between height and weight and FVC, FEV1 and PEFR. Conclusion: The results of this study help assess pulmonary functions among medical students as pulmonary function tests are one of the indicators of the health status of the individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Workers who experience language barriers are more likely to get injured or sick because of their work and have poorer claim and return-to-work outcomes compared to other workers. To better understand the systemic factors that shape access to compensation in contexts of language barriers, we compared language accommodation policies and practices in the Quebec and Ontario workers' compensation systems. We uncovered gaps limiting access to professional interpreters in both provinces, although gaps were more pronounced in Quebec where workers were responsible for the cost of interpreters. We argue that simply improving the linguistic competence of workers' compensation systems is not sufficient to tackle access barriers and must be accompanied by efforts to address the root causes of social and economic inequities for workers who experience language barriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]