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The paper presents the technology of multi-component briquetting of solid fuel (MSF-fuel) developed by the authors, which makes it possible to reduce economic losses from the non-use of combustible waste from industrial and municipal human activities. The issues of energy and resource saving, rational use of natural and secondary resources in accordance with the National Strategy for Sustainable Development of the Republic for the period up to 2035 are considered in the paper. The concept, structure and principles of the circular economy are analyzed. The paper provides characteristics of the main areas of use and processing of waste that have not found application in traditional technologies and energy. Some aspects of the conducted research on the production of multicomponent solid fuels are presented in the paper. The technology of briquetting wet mixtures with the addition of various binders, including combustible waste, is described, taking into ac-count the factors that affect the performance of the briquetting plant and the density of the fuel. Various ratios of the components of briquetting fuel have been analyzed and the compositions are determined, at which the best production, consumer and environmental indicators are analyzed. The paper studies the energy and physicochemical characteristics of the produced multicomponent fuel. Algorithms for selecting fuel components have been developed. The results obtained can be used to solve problems of rational use of combustible industrial waste by producing a multicomponent solid fuel that meets the established energy and environmental requirements.

Scientific and practical calculations on the thermal stability of typical automobile road surface (semi-limited objects) with fluctuations in air temperatures, transitions from positive to negative, with actual heat transfer coefficients, thermal conductivity of components, specific mass isobaric heat capacities, material densities, periods of regular fluctuations are presented. The study shows that temperature fluctuations occur in road surfaces, therefore deformations are brought about in them, generating thermal cracks. Thermal deformations include free, proportional to temperature gradients, stressed deformations due to temperature stresses, characterized by linear thermal expansion coefficients. In road materials, physical and mechanical properties change over time: strength, moduli of elastic longitudinal deformations, shear, transverse deformation coefficients. Thus, the temperature of pavement materials depends on the coordinates, time, and thermophysical characteristics of the materials. Thermal engineering calculations have shown that many road surfaces have limited thermal stability; under the influence of relatively small external influences, they are more stable (supercooled water vapor exists for a short time, turning into a liquid, saturated, supersaturated steam into a superheated liquid, this depends on the radiation characteristics of the surfaces, the presence of external disturbances, etc.). Thus, a complex non-stationary thermal regime takes place, when the temperature fields of the coatings, their gradients of temperature potentials, and masses depend on the boundary conditions of the 1st–4th kind. A citation analysis of the data of the Journal Citation Reports of world scientific serial publications has been developed to carry out research on heat and mass transfer in road surface. The analysis shows that in order to improve the reliability and durability of pavements, fundamental studies of both the physical and technical and thermal properties of all components of road construction mixtures are of great importance.

An assessment is given to the problems of urban wastewater sludge utilization in our country and abroad, with determination of formation and usage level. Global trends in the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions exacerbate the urgency of solving the designated tasks. At the same time, recently, in connection with the EU’s plans to introduce a cross-border carbon levy, it has become necessary to reduce the carbon footprint from burning traditional fuels, which is an urgent problem of modern society. One of the directions that provide a solution to this problem is the replacement of part of the hydrocarbon fuel by the consumption of multicomponent solid fuel based on the use of combustible waste that is part of the multicomponent fuel. This solid fuel can be used to meet the needs of small consumers, for example, in the autumn-summer period to generate a drying agent for the preparation of grain on the threshing-floor, in small boiler houses, in sand drying plants of locomotive depots, heat installations of hangars and workshops, as well as in other heat-generating installations operating on solid fuels. At the same time, solving the problem of reducing the carbon footprint for Belarus is closely related to another urgent task – reducing the energy component of industrial products and the environmental consequences of storing accumulated and generated waste. The paper presents the results of joint scientific research in the field of application of modern technologies and equipment using electrohydraulic treatment to reduce and minimize the level of anthropogenic and polluting substances in wastewater sludge. The described technological equipment, technology and post-treatment modes reduce the content of harmful substances in the wastewater sludge composition even with short-term treatment. An assessment of the effectiveness of the developed technology for the use of sewage sludge is given, using the method of wet multicomponent briquetting to obtain a multicomponent fuel. The presented process flow diagram of multicomponent briquetting using sewage sludge and plant-wood waste directly shows the undeniable advantages of using watered wastewater sludge as a raw material for the production of solid fuel. At the same time, the optimally selected ratio of components and moisture content of the briquetted composition solves a number of technologically difficult problems that cannot be realized using traditional briquetting technologies. The presented data of the conducted research and the developed technology make it possible to expand the area of using wastewater sludge as a secondary renewable material resource.

The most common and reliable material without which modern construction is indispensable is concrete. The development of construction production is pushing for new solutions to improve the quality of concrete mix and concrete. The most demanded and significant indicators of a concrete mixture are the compressive strength and mobility of the concrete mixture. Every year, the volume of research on nanomaterials as modifying components of concrete is significantly increasing, and the results indicate the prospects for their use. Nanoparticles with a large specific surface are distinguished by chemical activity, can accelerate hydration and increase strength characteristics due to nucleation and subsequent formation of C–S–H and compaction of the material microstructure. Sol of nanosilica, which can be used instead of microsilica from industrial enterprises, and carbon nanomaterial have a wide reproduction base. This paper presents studies of these types of nanomaterials and the results of their application in cement concrete. Studies have shown that the effect is also observed with the introduction of an additive containing only one type of nanoparticles. The dependence of the obtained characteristics of cement concretes on the content of these nanomaterials has been established. It has been found that the best results were obtained with an additive in which the above-mentioned nanomaterials were used together. Compressive strength of heavy concrete samples, improved by the complex nanodispersed system, was 78.7 MPa, which exceeds the strength of the sample containing the CNT additive in a pair with a super-plasticizer by 37 %. The paper proposes the mechanism for action of the presented complex additive.

Waste generation in the life of people and enterprises is an inevitable process today. The level of utilization of municipal waste has increased on average to 23 % in Belarus. The paper provides an assessment of the existing systems for the collection and disposal of waste solid household items based on technological stages (preparation of waste for loading into a garbage collection vehicle; organization of temporary storage of waste in households, at enterprises; collection and removal of waste from the territories of households, organizations and enterprises; neutralization, processing and recycling of waste). The consequences of untimely collection of solid household and industrial waste are considered in the paper. The paper presents the factors that have a harmful effect on the human environment and the ecology of the territories of settlements and enterprises. An analysis of the effectiveness of the timely removal of such components in the systems of municipal services of cities and enterprises as an important component providing social, economic and environmental significance is given in the paper. At the present stage of the development of technology and available technologies, one of the most rational and economically justified ways of delivering waste to the areas for their sorting and processing is vacuum transportation using pipeline transport. Its application is justified for industrial zones and settlements with high and medium population density. Moreover, such a pipeline can be laid next to existing pipeline and other transport communications.

The paper presents main trends in growth and generation of waste, depending on increase of world GDP and the population of the planet. The main directions in extending the concept of national strategies for sustainable development have been considered with due account of energy and resource conservation problems, as well as the need for the rational use of natural and secondary resources in all countries of the world community. The energy potential use of combustible waste that has not found technological application is considered by many countries as one of the priority areas in the field of unconventional energy. The paper describes the main directions in application of the technology for briquetting multicomponent compositions into solid fuel. The developed production technology makes it possible to process waste products by briquetting them with the addition of various binders, and on the example of a binder component in the form of viscous hydrocarbon-containing waste, the main technological features of obtaining solid multicomponent fuel are presented in the paper. The paper describes the equipment for electrohydraulic treatment, which operates as a part of the preparation line for briquetting of the applied oily waste and that allows to reduce the sulphur content in the waste used, and such approach in general permits to regulate the environmental characteristics of harmful substance emissions at the maximum acceptable level. Taking into account the application aspects of the technology for wet briquetting of materials, the paper reflects the main results of the obtained dependences of humidity on productivity according to the content of the binder component. The proposed algorithm for solving the problem makes it possible to rationally use of substandard combustible industrial waste to obtain a multicomponent solid fuel, while at the production stage, the energy and environmental aspects of the resulting fuel are taken into account with due consideration of the component composition of the fuel.

The article addresses the issues of structure formation of road composite materials containing hydraulic (рortland cement) and organic (bitumen) binders. It has been determined that organic and hydraulic binders, being thermodynamically incompatible, are capable of interaction and complement each other. Structure formation processes are associated with interphase transition layers interaction mechanism and the direct formation of phase contacts with cement crystallohydrates. The interphase boundary is diffuse and is established through interphase transition layers. The emergence of interfacial layers is thermodynamically advantageous, since it contributes to a decrease in Gibbs free energy and does not contradict modern concepts of solid state physics. It was established that with cement content of about 30 % of complex bitumen-cement binder volume, there will appear (nucleate) phase contacts that will prevail in the binder structure when the cement content is more than 60 %. In the case phase contacts prevail, concrete will demonstrate significant strength at high temperatures, but low temperature and fatigue crack resistance, which will lead to their durability loss. The cement content of 30–40 % of the total complex binder can be considered optimal.

The paper presents a fragment of on-going investigations directed on creation of optimal information environment that ensures an access to the R&D publications from the known scientific journals and other scientific serials which are necessary for qualitative execution of scientific and technological activities on priority areas in highway engineering. A citation analysis has been applied while using data of Journal Citation Reports for selection of world scientific publications which are necessary for execution of investigations on heat and mass transfer in road dressings. Their deformations occur under various climatic conditions due to heat and mass transfer processes, interaction of transport flows and road surface that leads to crack formation in depth and on the surface of road dressings. Structure of constructive layers especially which are created with the help of technogenic wastes (asphalt-, reinforced concrete, concrete, brick scrap and products of their recycling, various wastes of production etc.) exerts an influence on heat and mass transfer. The paper presents results of investigations on heat flows, boundary layers according to viscosity, air velocity, geometric characteristics, permeability, capillary pressures in materials. It has been shown that calculations based on principles of complex number usage have specific features in engineering practice: it is required to observe their accuracy in approaches, calculation reduction due to some accuracy degradation as a consequence of transition from complex numbers to their modules with exclusion of phase shift account and related with propagation of thermal waves. In this respect calculations of heat resistance without phase shifts are considered as rather important if they are in agreement with principles based on the fact that a complexity is characterized by thermal absorptivity of the material in a great number of calculations. The investigations have been supported by Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists, Grant Number GZS 2018006 (People’s Republic of China, Henan Province).

The paper presents an analytical review of materials recycling for pavement dressing. Recycling or repeated usage of pavement dressing materials while making reconstruction and repair of road pavements is not considered as a new conception and it has been realized in various countries of the world since 20th century. Recycling (hot, cold) is based on methods of its execution, properties of pavement dressing materials which are subjected to processing and which influence on the quality of final material, technical and operational indices, specific economic efficiency. Investigations on the processes of structure formation, thermo-physical properties in components based on granulates of transformed pavement dressings during recycling demonstrate that regeneration makes it possible to attain 100 % recovery of material properties for road pavement base. The paper describes other factors which represent a complex of challenges concerning exterior and internal problems. These problems have arisen due to actual processes of heat and mass transfer in one layer, multi-layer systems of pavement dressings. At known coefficients of heat conductivity, steam- and mass permeability, diffusion, filtration, temperature conductivity, density of material layers etc. initial and boundary conditions it is possible to carry out optimization of heat- and mass transfer problems from bottom surface of road layer to its base (sand, bulk materials, ground). In addition to it, while taking into account development of scientific prospective direction that concerns nano-technology and creation of nano-materials for higher reliability of road dressings it is necessary to consider nanomaterial science in road-construction industry as the most actual one because when we study problems pertaining to fractional composition of all road dressing components including transfer to nanomaterials, for example, application of modified water-reducing agent based on nanostructured carbon it is possible significantly to increase physical and technological properties of asphalt concrete and concrete road dressings. The paper reveals that it is necessary to continue and expand study of physical and technical and thermophysical properties of new materials on the basis of nano-technologies with application of modified, nanostructured carbon-based plasticizer for construction-road industry because especially these additives significantly increase cement activity that leads to improvement of strength, reliability and longevity for the obtained materials.

The paper presents a fragment of on-going investigations directed on creation of optimum data environment that ensures an access to world scientific journals and other publications which are necessary for qualitative implementation of works on priority directions of R&D in the field of road-construction industry in the period of 2016–2020. A citation analysis has been applied while using data of Journal Citation Reports for selection of world scientific serial publiccations which are necessary for execution of investigations on heat and mass transfer in road dressings. The road dressings are considered as open heterogeneous thermodynamic systems. Their deformations occur under various climatic conditions due to heat and mass transfer processes and interaction of transport flows and road surface. Crack formation takes place in depth of the road dressings and on road surfaces as a result of temperature, mass transfer processes. As it is known material structure of constructive layers especially which are created with the help of technogenic wastes (asphalt-concrete, concrete, reinforced concrete scrap and products of its recycling, brick rubble, various wastes of production etc.) influence on heat and mass transfer. The paper presents results of investigations on heat flows, boundary layers according to air viscosity, velocity of geometric permeability characteristics, capillary pressures in road pavements.

Fulfillment of the activities aimed to an increase of the thermal resistance of enclosing structures requires the determination of their thermophysical characteristics with the use of the determination method based on the solution of problems of heat conduction, establishing the con- nection between the spatial and temporal temperature changes under the effect of heat source. This work uses the solution of the problem under nonstationary heating of the enclosing structure in the form of unrestricted plate with boundary conditions of the III kind. According to the known relations and graphs alterations in surface temperature depending on warm-up time, on thermal resistance of constructions and on arguments of Fo and Bi, i. e. initial and boundary conditions are determined. The graphic dependencies that have been obtained show that the surface temperature depends on the thermal resistance, while the temperature at the opposite surface during heat expo- sure remains practically unchanged during t = 5 h. Thus, if the outside air temperature is altered, then the rate of change of surface temperature or relative temperature q make it possible to deter- mine the thermophysical characteristics by solving the inverse problem of thermal conductivity with the use of the converted ratio to determine R as a function R = f(q, t). If the constructed graphic dependencies R = f(q, t) are used at different heat transfer coefficients, then according to the measured temperatures at different time intervals it is possible to determine thermal resistance in the same time intervals and, according to their average value, determine the required resistance to heat transfer R. The estimated ratio of analytical and graphic dependencies that we have obtained demonstrate the adequacy of the conducted full-scale measurements, if the areas with homogeneous temperature field and temperature history are chosen, and they can be used in determining the heat resistance of the enclosing structure in the form of unrestricted plate with boundary conditions of the III kind.

Development of nanotechnologies allows to solve a number of problems of construction materials science: increase in strength, durability, abrasion and corrosion resistance that determines operational reliability of building constructions. Generally it is achieved due to nanoparticles that modify the structure and properties of the existing materials or products and are entered into their volume or on a surface layer. It’s theoretically and experimentally proved that the modified water has the bigger activity owing to the change of the ionic composition influencing the рН size and other parameters. As nanoparticles have a high level of surface energy, they show the increased tendency to agglomeration, meanwhile the size of agglomerates can reach several micrometers. In this regard an urgent task is to equally distribute and disaggregate the nanoparticles in the volume of tempering water. The experiments on studying of influence of the nanoparticles of silica distributed in volume of liquid by means of ultrasonic processing on characteristics of cement and sand solution and heavy concrete have been conducted. Nanoadditive influence on density, speed of strength development, final strength under compression of materials on the basis of cement depending on nanoadditive mass percent has been established.

Complex nanodispersed systems with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and nanodispersed silica have a significant impact on the processes of hydration, hardening and strength gain of construction composites predetermining their durability. While using a scanning electron microscope with an attachment for X-ray microanalysis and a device for infrared spectral analysis investigations have shown that the main effect of the cement matrix modification in the case of adding complex nanodispersed systems is provided by direct influence of hydration processes with subsequent crystallization of new formations. It has been noted that while adding carbon nanotube dispersion and nanosized silica a binding matrix is structured in the form of an extremely dense shell from crystalline hydrate new formations on the surface of solid phases that provides strong binding matrix in cement concrete. The addition effect of carbon nanotubes has been analyzed and quantitatively assessed through an investigation for every case of one sample with nanotubes and one sample without them with the help of a nanoindenter and scanning electron microscope. It is necessary to solve rather complicated challenging task in order to assess quantitatively the addition effect of CNT on material characteristics at a micromechanical level. At the same time it is possible to investigate surface of a concrete sample with one-micron resolution. In this case it is necessary to prepare samples for nanoindentation with exclusion of all CNT defectable effects that have been shown by a SEM. So in this case more adequate method for assessment must be a picoindenter , which combines a test method for nanoindentation with an optical SEM potential. Such equipment is in the stage of in-situ testing process at the Vienna University of Technology. The investigation is based on the fact that the main modification effect of mineral binding matrix while using incorporated complex nanodispersed systems and nanosilica is ensured by a direct influence of hydration processes and subsequent crystallization of new formations. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis with detection in IR spectra have revealed that adding of multi-walled carbon nanotubes dispersion together with nanodispersed silica provides structuring of rather dense shell of hydrated new formations along cement matrix on the surface of solid phase. The structured interfacial layers form separate cells in the modified cement matrix that ensures a formation of extremely filled system and predetermines structural strengthening of the modified cement matrix due to formation of spatial packaging. Consequently, the main factor increasing characteristics of cement concrete which is modified with carbon nanotubes and nanosilica is a structural modification of calcium hydrosilicates with relation to composition and morphology of new formations.

In Belarus oil refining and oil producing industries are paid close attention. On the background of the active maintaining the level of oil processing and volume of oil extraction in our country and in the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union there is a steady formation of hydrocarbon-containing waste; therefore recycling of the latter is an urgent task to improve the competitiveness of production. The most cost-effective way of using hydrocarbon waste is the conversion of it into power resources. In this case it is possible to obtain significant power-saving and economic effect of the combined use of a hydrocarbon, wood, agricultural and other combustible waste, meanwhile improving the ecological situation at the sites of waste storage and creating a solid fuel with the necessary energy and specified physical-and-chemical properties. A comprehensive solution of a recycling problem makes it possible to use as energy resources a lot of waste that has not found application in other technologies, to produce alternative multi-component fuel which structure meets environmental and energy requirement for local heating systems. In addition, the implementation of such technology will make it possible to reduce power consumption of enterprises of various kinds that consume fuel and will also increase the share of local fuels in the energy balance of a particular region.

The paper considers modern approaches to usage of hydrocarbon-containing waste as energy resources and presents description of investigations, statistic materials, analysis results on formation of hydrocarbon-containing waste in the Republic of Belarus. Main problems pertaining to usage of waste as a fuel and technologies for their application have been given in the paper. The paper describes main results of the investigations and a method for efficient application of viscous hydrocarbon-containing waste as an energy-packed component and a binding material while producing a solid fuel. A technological scheme, a prototype industrial unit which are necessary to realize a method for obtaining multi-component solid fuel are represented in the paper. A paper also provides a model of technological process with efficient sequence of technological operations and parameters of optimum component composition. Main factors exerting significant structure-formation influence in creation of structural composition of multi-component solid fuel have been presented in the paper. The paper gives a graphical representation of the principle for selection of mixture particles of various coarseness to form a solid fuel while using a briquetting method and comprising viscous hydrocarbon-containing waste. A dependence of dimensionless concentration g of emissions into atmosphere during burning of two-component solid fuel has been described in the paper. The paper analyzes an influence of the developed methodology for emission calculation of multi-component solid fuels and reveals a possibility to optimize the component composition in accordance with ecological function and individual peculiar features of fuel-burning equipment. Special features concerning storage and transportation, advantages and disadvantages, comparative characteristics, practical applicability of the developed multi-component solid fuel have been considered and presented in the paper. The paper cites practical results pertaining to usage of hydrocarboncontaining waste for the equipment applied for production of multi-component solid fuel. Data on economic expediency for usage of the multi-component solid fuel with high thermo-technical characteristics in the boiler-houses operating on local solid fuel have been analyzed in the paper. The paper shows a perspective evaluation, applicability and practical significance of the solution of the problem on efficient usage of hydrocarbon-containing waste while producing the multi-component solid fuel.

One of the main directions in construction material science is the development of next generation concrete that is ultra-dense, high-strength, ultra-porous, high heat efficient, extra corrosion-resistant. Selection of such direction is caused by extreme operational impacts on the concrete, namely: continuously increasing load on the concrete and various dynamics of such loads; the necessity in operation of concrete products in a wide temperature range and their exposure to various chemical and physical effects.The next generation concrete represents high-tech concrete mixtures with additives that takes on and retain the required properties when hardening and being used under any operational conditions. A differential characteristic of the next generation concrete is its complexity that presumes usage of various mineral dispersed components, two- and three fractional fine and coarse aggregates, complex chemical additives, combinations of polymer and iron reinforcement.Design strength and performance properties level of the next generation concrete is achieved by high-quality selection of the composition, proper selection of manufacturing techniques, concrete curing, bringing the quality of concrete items to the required level of technical condition during the operational phase. However, directed formation of its structure is necessary in order to obtain high-tech concrete.Along with the traditional methods for regulation of the next generation concrete structure, modification of concrete while using silica nanoparticles is also considered as a perspective one because the concrete patterning occurs due to introduction of a binder in a mineral matrix. Due to this it is possible to obtain nano-modified materials with completely new properties.The main problem with the creation of nano-modified concrete is a uniform distribution of nano-materials in the volume of the cement matrix which is particularly important in the cases of adding a modifier in micro-quantities. An additional environment is required in order to solve this problem and the environment will form a continuous phase in the composite. This function can be performed by liquid or dispersed phase.

The article presents modeling for investigation of aerodynamic processes on area sections (including a group of complex constructional works for different regimes of drop and wind streams and temperature conditions) and in complex constructional works (for different regimes of heating and ventilation). There were developed different programs for innovation problems solution in the field of heat and mass exchange in three-dimensional space of pres- sures-speeds-temperatures of оbjects.The field of uses of pneumobasic objects: construction and roof of tennis courts, hockey pitches, swimming pools , and also exhibitions’ buildings, circus buildings, cafes, aqua parks, studios, mobile objects of medical purposes, hangars, garages, construction sites, service sta- tions and etc. Advantages of such objects are the possibility and simplicity of multiple instal- lation and demolition works. Their large-scale implementation is determined by temperature- moisture conditions under the shells.Analytical and calculating researches, real researches of thermodynamic parameters of heat and mass exchange, multifactorial processes of air in pneumobasic objects, their shells in a wide range of climatic parameters of air (January – December) in the Republic of Belarus, in many geographical latitudes of many countries have shown that the limit of the possibility of optimizing wind loads, heat flow, acoustic effects is infinite (sports, residential, industrial, warehouse, the military-technical units (tanks, airplanes, etc.)). In modeling of convective flows in pneumobasic objects (part 1) there are processes with higher dynamic parameters of the air flow for the characteristic pneumobasic object, carried out the calculation of the velocity field, temperature, pressure at the speed of access of air through the inflow holes up to 5 m/sec at the moments of times (20, 100, 200, 400 sec). The calculation was performed using the developed mathematical model of convection processes, heat and mass exchange in unlimited space based on the laws of momentum conservation, continuity, thermal conduc- tivity and the boundary conditions for pneumobasic objects which allow analyze, calculate thermal, convection streams in three-dimensional space (part 1 (2014,No4)).

The paper presents an analysis of several variants of energy-efficient solutions for hot water supply systems in Minsk buildings that ensure significant reduction of energy for hot water supply in comparison with the existing level. The different systems have been considered as technical facilities for usage of solar energy and secondary heat sources and which are based on heat recovery of “grey” waste water, solar collector, photoelectric transducer, heat pump.Comparative analysis of the considered variants shows economic efficiency of waste water heat utilizers. An advantage of such system is in its all-year round usage in comparison with a solar collector. The second variant that is a combination of waste water heat utilizer and a solar collector that increases energy saving but it requires the increase of capital expenses. The third variant completely covers expenses of heat energy which is necessary for hot water supply. It is neces-sary to attract attention to the fact that expenses in the first two variants are close to the required ones but values of the third variant may significantly exceed the reliable level.The paper contains analytical material of Belarusian and Vietnamese researchers who were actively involved in implementation of the joint Belarusian-Vietnamese project “Usage of Renewable Power Sources in Physical-Mathematical Model of Heat Regime of Energy-Efficient House” (Project code: VAST. HTQT. Belarus. 03/2012–2013).

The paper presents that modification of binding matrices with the help of dispersions of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) makes it possible to increase physical and mechanical properties of building composites.

The concrete samples originate from fracture mechanics tests performed on February 19, 2012, at the Department of Geo-Engineering and Building Materials of the Izhevsk State Technical University.After the fracture mechanics tests three types of small specimens (marked with CNT, C3 and control sample) have been prepared and tested by means of Nano-Indentation (NI) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), at the Institute for Mechanics of Materials and Structures and Institute of Automation and Control, respectively, of Vienna University of Technology.

Experimental research results of the stress intensity factor at normal separation, КIC, and cross-section shift, KIIC, respectively, of high-strength concrete are presented. Research on the specific power changing inputs on quasi-static destruction is carried out.The compact structure on the basis of the Portland cement modified with carbon nanodispersed systems has been studied. Carbon nanotubes Graphistrength by «Arkema» dispersed into the hydrodynamic plant in the solution of surface-active agent (SAA) Polyplast SP-1 are used as modifying additives. An increase of the cross-breaking strength of a fine grain concrete up to 45,1 % and of the compressing strength up to 96,8 % was observed. The increase of concrete strength is related to morphological changes of new crystalline hydrate formations providing a less defective structure of cement matrix with high density.

The paper considers a complex of measures directed on gross maximum realization of power saving potential while producing asphalt-concrete mixture.

The paper proposes a mathematical model of a non-stationary heat conductivity of fencing constructions of heated buildings with the purpose to calculate their thermal resistance. Heat transfer while using contact and non-contact methods for measuring temperature fields at exterior surfaces has been analyzed in the paper. The paper contains examples how to calculate a fence thermal resistance.

The paper considers a possibility to use co-generated complexes having heat technological industrial load for operation in accordance with the requirements of irregularity of electric power generation schedule.

The paper contains an approximate evaluation of solar and wind energy potential in Vietnam. Possible energy generation using non-conventional energy sources is cited for a number of regions in Vietnam.

A problem pertaining to determination of the concentrated exergy of the asphalt concrete mixture is considered in the paper. The paper shows the possibility to use the concentrated exergy of the asphalt concrete mixture for qualitative energy evaluation of mixing processes.

The paper contains results of the investigations pertaining to thermodynamic steam characteristics of the operating pipe-line, analysis of steam flow regimes, influence of heat losses on temperature fall along the length. The eh-diagram presents changes in e and e values which are caused by decrease of mean temperatures with the given pressure value at pipe-line inlet and outlet. The paper shows that steam enthalpy at the pipeline outlet depends on inlet enthalpy, ambient temperature and entropy difference.The constructed nomograph makes it possible to forecast steam temperature fall in the pipe-line with the purpose to ensure more efficient usage of its thermodynamic potential.

It has been developed a new designing and technological approach to heat insulation of external walls in the buildings on the basis of polysterene plates and gunned polysterene concrete. This approach permits to reduce significantly expenses of construction works. Calculation of temperature and moisture patterns with such heat insulation is given in the paper

Methoodology for calculating sorption humidity in materials (calculative mass humidity ratio in a material) used for multi-layer ejttemal protective structures has been developed. The given methodology takes into account inter-relations of heat and humidity regimes of a building and a protective structure.

The paper analyses the role of innovation activity in building up the economic potential of the Republic of Belarus and contribution of the Belarussian National Technical University to the solution of these problems by means of improvement of educational, scientific and industrial activity.The paper reveals that the problem of educational quality is the most important one in the activity of the University. The paper determines directions of first-priority in the activity of the University. The implementation of these directions ensures the required level of specialist training.

The paper considers a potential, energy and economic efficiency of joint activities of enterprises of the Ministry of Energy sector and enterprises of the material sector of the economic complex of the Republic of Belarus on the basis of the methodology for intensive energy saving. Such calculated values as annual savings of natural gas in Belarus – up to 1 million tons of fuel equivalent, release investment for the Ministry of Energy – up to 1 billion USD, range for changes in electricity generation during a day - up to 1 GW with a specific consumption of fuel equivalent – 160 g/(kWh) have been determined while taking thermal technology of asphalt concrete mixture production and regulation of electricity generation as an example. Fuel saving system and investment return create preconditions for realization of the project by private investors.

The variant of efficient combination of two renewable energy sources as a biogas system and a water heating solar system has been considered for power supply of individual dwellings. Criteria dependence has been suggested for determination of solar system power efficiency. Its legitimacy has been proved by an experiment. Power efficient solar system has been proposed with peculiar features of its designing and due account of energy flow distribution in technology of biogas production.