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Resumen Los implantes mamarios se asocian a complicaciones frecuentes ampliamente conocidas y estudiadas como la rotura y la contractura capsular. Sin embargo, debido al numero cada vez mayor de pacientes portadoras de implantes mamarios, podemos encontrarnos con patologia mas infrecuente como la presencia de seroma o infeccion tardia, adenopatias en la cadena mamaria interna, granulomas en la capsula del implante –que en algunos casos pueden extenderse mas alla de la capsula fibrosa–, tumores desmoides asociados a los implantes y el linfoma anaplasico de celulas grandes asociado a implantes mamarios. El objetivo de este articulo es revisar las principales complicaciones infrecuentes asociadas a los implantes mamarios y sus hallazgos radiologicos en las diferentes tecnicas. Es importante un correcto manejo de esta patologia, principalmente del seroma tardio, para diagnosticar precozmente el linfoma anaplasico de celulas grandes por su mayor transcendencia.

Breast implants are associated with well-known common complications that have been widely studied, such as rupture and capsular contraction. However, the increasingly growing number of patients with breast implants has led to the increased likelihood of coming across less common complications; these include seromas or late infection; adenopathies in the internal mammary chain; granulomas in the capsule of the implant, which in some cases can extend beyond the fibrous capsule; desmoid tumors associated with the implants; and breast implant-associated large cell anaplastic lymphoma. This article aims to review the main uncommon complications associated with breast implants and to describe and illustrate their findings in different imaging techniques. Proper management of these complications is important; this is especially true of late seroma and the diagnosis of breast implant-associated large cell anaplastic lymphoma for their repercussions.

Breast implants are associated with well-known common complications that have been widely studied, such as rupture and capsular contraction. However, the increasingly growing number of patients with breast implants has led to the increased likelihood of coming across less common complications; these include seromas or late infection; adenopathies in the internal mammary chain; granulomas in the capsule of the implant, which in some cases can extend beyond the fibrous capsule; desmoid tumors associated with the implants; and breast implant-associated large cell anaplastic lymphoma. This article aims to review the main uncommon complications associated with breast implants and to describe and illustrate their findings in different imaging techniques. Proper management of these complications is important; this is especially true of late seroma and the diagnosis of breast implant-associated large cell anaplastic lymphoma for their repercussions.