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The process of marking the surface by laser provides advantages for applications in many fields due to its high processing speed, non-contact precision marking at constant quality with minimal human intervention. The produced laser marked objects are used for product identification and traceability and also to prevent illegal copying of products. In this regard, mark readability seems to be one of the factors responsible to produce good quality marks. The application of process parameters such as laser power, scanning speed and pulse frequency had a significant role for marking engineering materials surface for qualities and characteristics. The paper focused to generate good quality square shaped marked surface in a minimal possible time on the surface of stainless steel 304 using multi diode pumped fiber laser marking system. The studies provides the process parameters influence on marking characteristics for a single pass laser marked surface. Experimental results revealed that the application of process parameters such as laser power of 15 W, pulse frequency of 50 kHz, scanning speed of 35 mm/s and duty cycle of 99% produces better squared shaped marks on stainless steel 304.

In hybrid electrochemical discharge machining (ECDM) process machining of electrically conducting and non-conducting materials takes place in an alkaline electrolyte with the introduction of a tool electrode and an auxiliary electrode. In this paper an alternative of ECDM process, Electrochemical Discharge Turning (ECDT), is proposed to machine a cylindrical job which rotates continuously against a stationary or moving tool electrode. The material removal mechanism of ECDT process is similar to ECDM process, but ECDT employs ECDM components with rotary cylindrical workpiece immersed in an electrolytic solution. The present paper highlights the design and development of ECDT set-up which can be applied for turning operation. The proposed ECDT set up can also be utilized for making grooves of different shapes and sizes on cylindrical parts of electrically non-conducting materials.

The objective function of inter-cell layout problem minimizes the total inter-cellular material handling cost. It is mostly significant with moderate production quantity in cellular manufacturing systems (CMS). This problem is classified as quadratic assignment problem (QAP) which is NP-Hard in nature. Heuristic techniques are extremely effective for such problems. In this paper we proposed a novel Immune Genetic algorithm (Immune-GA-RS) to obtain competent inter-cell layout in the vicinity of CMS. It exploits an elitist replacement strategy in order to improve the rate of convergence. The proposed method is successfully tested upon 8 datasets which are being widely used for inter-cell layout design problems. Proposed Immune-GA-RS is compared with two variants of the Genetic Algorithms, GA-RS and Alt-GA-RS. It is further compared with other published layout design techniques. Immune-GA-RS is shown to acquire 11.11 % improved solutions with 7.72 % reduced CPU time on an average. Further Immune-GA-RS is tested on 36 structured QAP instances available through QAPLIB and shown to outperform other two GA variants while attaining optimal solutions for 33 instances. It is also shown to outpace other published algorithms while attaining smaller solution gap for 11 test instances and obtains at least equal or better quality solutions for 24 instances. We conclude our work with a statistical data test to signify the results. This is a pre-print of an article published in [Production Engineering]. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-015-0645-4

An attempt has been made to investigate the machinability of zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) inserts while turning AISI 4340 steel. The insert was prepared by powder metallurgy process route and the machining experiments were performed based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM) design called Central Composite Design (CCD). The mathematical model of flank wear, cutting force and surface roughness have been developed using second order regression analysis. The adequacy of model has been carried out based on Analysis of variance (ANOVA) techniques. It can be concluded that cutting speed and feed rate are the two most influential factor for flank wear and cutting force prediction. For surface roughness determination, the cutting speed & depth of cut both have significant contribution. Key parameters effect on each response has also been presented in graphical contours for choosing the operating parameter preciously. 83% desirability level has been achieved using this optimized condition., {"references":["D. I. Lalwani, N. K. Mehta, and P.K.Jain, \"Experimental investigation of\ncutting parameters influence on cutting forces and surface roughness in\nfinish hard turning of MDN 250 steel,\" J. Mater. Process. Tech, vol. 206,\npp. 167-179, 2008.","P.Thangavel, V.Selladurai, and R.Shanmugam, \"Application of response\nsurface methodology for predicting flank wear in turning operation,\"\nJ.Eng. Manuf, vol.220, no.6, pp.997-1003, 2006","M.Y.Noordin, V.C.Venkatesh, S.Sharif, S.Elting, and A.Abdullah,\n\"Application of response surface methodology in describing the\nperformance of coated carbide tools when turning AISI 1045 steel,\" J.\nMater. Process. 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Sornakumar, \"Development of\naluminium - ceria ceramic composite cutting tool,\" Int. J. Refract. Met.\nHard. Mater, vol.22, pp.17-20, 2004.\n[20] A.Senthil Kumar, A.Raja Durai, and T.Sornakumar, \"Machinability of\nhardened steel using alumina based ceramic cutting tools,\" Int. J.\nRefract. Met. Hard. Mater, vol.21, pp.109-117, 2003.\n[21] N.Mandal, B.Doloi, and B. Mondal, \"Development of flank wear\nprediction model of Zirconia Toughened Alumina (ZTA) cutting tool\nusing response surface methodology,\" Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard. Mater,\nvol.2, pp.273-280, 2011.\n[22] N.Mandal, B.Doloi, B.Mondal, and R.Das, \"Optimization of flank wear\nusing Zirconia Toughened Alumina (ZTA) cutting tool: Taguchi method\nand Regression analysis,\" Measurement, Vol. 44, pp. 2149-2155,2011."]}

Electrochemical machining is described as the controlled removal of metal by anodic dissolution of the workpiece in electrolyte cell. Titanium is extensively used in aerospace, defence, biomedical applications. The human response to implanted titanium parts strongly related to the implant surface conditions. The aim of this paper is to present experimental investigation on electrochemically machined surface characteristics acquired on titanium, utilizing developed cross flow electrolyte system. It is observed that applied voltage and electrolyte flow rate are the some of the persuading parameter to attain desired surface characteristics on machined surface. Attempt has made to develop surface along with self‐generated oxide layer, which facilitates in improving the corrosion and chemical resistance of titanium implant in biomedical application. The surface roughness of oxide layered machined surface obtained within 2.4 μm to 2.93 μm, which is within acceptable value for functional attachment between bone and implant.

The present research papers deals with the artificial neural network (ANN) and the response surface methodology (RSM) based mathematical modeling and also an optimization analysis on marking characteristics on alumina ceramic. The experiments have been planned and carried out based on Design of Experiment (DOE). It also analyses the influence of the major laser marking process parameters and the optimal combination of laser marking process parametric setting has been obtained. The output of the RSM optimal data is validated through experimentation and ANN predictive model. A good agreement is observed between the results based on ANN predictive model and actual experimental observations.