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13 results on '"B. Bettcher"'

1. New records on intestinal eversion in a free-ranging nurse shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum) and a free-ranging, breaching-spotted eagle ray (Aetobatus narinari)

Author

Vanessa B. Bettcher, Neila Xavier, Bianca de Sousa Rangel, and Renan Vignoli

Subjects
food.ingredient, Ginglymostoma, biology, Free ranging, Aetobatus, Spotted eagle ray, Zoology, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, food, Nature Conservation, Ring type, Nurse shark, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Although intestinal eversion has been documented as an important behavior in elasmobranchs, it is rarely observed in wild animals. Here we describe the first published record of an intestinal eversion in a shark with a ring type of valvular intestine, the nurse shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum), and the first record of an intestinal eversion during breaching events in the spotted eagle ray (Aetobatus narinari), a ray with a conicospiral type of valvular intestine. These observations contribute to the scientific knowledge on this interesting and important behavior in elasmobranchs and also expand the proposed hypotheses for breaching behavior in rays.

Published
2021
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2. First record of mating behaviour and induced parturition of the Brazilian endemic Lutz's stingray Hypanus berthalutzae

Author

Vanessa B. Bettcher, Nayara Bucair, Marta Granville, Amanda Góes, Liana de Figueiredo Mendes, Fabio Di Dario, Rodrigo Leão de Moura, Ricardo Garla, and Bianca S. Rangel

Subjects
Aquatic Science, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

The recently described Lutz's stingray Hypanus berthalutzae is endemic to the Brazilian Province, including oceanic islands. Although it is expected to have life-history traits similar to the southern stingray H. americanus, little is known about its reproductive biology. Here we present the first observations of courtship behaviour (n = 4), copulation (n = 3) and an induced parturition of H. berthalutzae at the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, an insular Marine Protected Area from the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean. The mating event records included (1) 'chasing/close following', (2) 'biting/precopulatory biting', (3) 'insertion/copulation' and (4) 'separation'. These results are especially relevant considering that records of reproductive behaviour in the wild are rare for elasmobranchs in general. Mating events occurred in different months, suggesting that the reproductive cycle of H. berthalutzae in this insular system is asynchronous, as observed for other stingray species in regions with favourable environmental conditions and abundant food throughout the year. The opportunistic documentation of the induced parturition allowed for direct nonlethal observation of the two pups at or near full term in late May. Although preliminary, these observations should be considered in future management plans as they provide relevant data about the life-history traits and mating behaviour of this endemic and threatened species.

Published
2022

3. Eye healing in a free-ranging whitespotted eagle ray (Aetobatus narinari) following shark-inflicted bite injuries

Author

Ricardo C. Garla, Bianca de Sousa Rangel, Roberta Viegas, and Vanessa B. Bettcher

Subjects
genetic structures, biology, Blindness, Free ranging, Aetobatus, Fish fin, Anterior margin, Anatomy, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Right orbit, Jaw, Eagle ray, medicine, Photography, Sharks, Animals, sense organs, Bites and Stings, Skates, Fish, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Blind right eye
Abstract

Here we provided the first photographic records of the eye healing of a free-ranging whitespotted eagle ray (Aetobatus narinari) following shark-inflicted bite injuries on the cephalic region. The whitespotted eagle ray with fresh wounds on the cephalic region close to its right orbit, upper jaw, and the anterior margin of its right pectoral fin was photographed on 19 July 2017 at the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago. Two subsequent photographs of the whitespotted eagle ray with a blind right eye were taken on 29 March 2018 and 18 April 2018. These records showed the whitespotted eagle ray had the capacity to recover from the wound, although they have led to the blindness of the eye. These findings also demonstrate this individual was able to survive for at least nine months with a non-functional eye. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Published
2021

4. Grand Rounds

Author

G. Fayolle, W. Levick, R. Lajiness-O'Neill, P. Fastenau, S. Briskin, N. Bass, M. Silva, E. Critchfield, R. Nakase-Richardson, J. Hertza, A. Loughan, R. Perna, S. Northington, S. Boyd, A. Anderson, S. Peery, M. Chafetz, M. Maris, A. Ramezani, C. Sylvester, K. Goldberg, M. Constantinou, M. Karekla, J. Hall, M. Edwards, V. Balldin, A. Strutt, V. Pavlik, C. Marquez de la Plata, M. Cullum, l. lacritz, J. Reisch, P. Massman, D. Royall, R. Barber, S. Younes, A. Wiechmann, S. O'Bryant, K. Patel, J. Suhr, S. Chari, J. Yokoyama, B. Bettcher, A. Karydas, B. Miller, J. Kramer, R. Zec, S. Fritz, S. Kohlrus, R. Robbs, T. Ala, K. Gifford, N. Cantwell, R. Romano, A. Jefferson, A. Holland, S. Newton, J. Bunting, M. Coe, J. Carmona, D. Harrison, A. Puente, D. Terry, C. Faraco, C. Brown, A. Patel, A. Watts, A. Kent, J. Siegel, S. Miller, W. Ernst, G. Chelune, J. Holdnack, J. Sheehan, K. Duff, O. Pedraza, J. Crawford, L. Miller, V. Hobson Balldin, H. Benavides, L. Johnson, L. Tshuma, N. Dezhkam, L. Hayes, C. Love, B. Stephens, F. Webbe, K. Mulligan, K. Dunham, S. Shadi, C. Sofko, R. Denney, S. Rolin, J. Sibson, S. Ogbeide, M. Glover, A. Warchol, B. Hunter, C. Nichols, C. Riccio, M. Cohen, A. Dennison, T. Wasserman, S. Schleicher-Dilks, M. Adler, C. Golden, T. Olivier, B. LeMonda, J. McGinley, A. Pritchett, L. Chang, C. Cloak, E. Cunningham, G. Lohaugen, J. Skranes, T. Ernst, E. Parke, N. Thaler, L. Etcoff, D. Allen, P. Andrews, S. McGregor, R. Daniels, N. Hochsztein, E. Miles-Mason, Y. Granader, M. Vasserman, W. MacAllister, B. Casto, K. Patrick, F. Hurewitz, D. Chute, A. Booth, C. Koch, G. Roid, N. Balkema, J. Kiefel, L. Bell, A. Maerlender, T. Belkin, J. Katzenstein, C. Semerjian, V. Culotta, E. Band, R. Yosick, T. Burns, A. Arenivas, D. Bearden, K. Olson, K. Jacobson, S. Ubogy, C. Sterling, E. Taub, A. Griffin, T. Rickards, G. Uswatte, D. Davis, K. Sweeney, A. Llorente, A. Boettcher, B. Hill, D. Ploetz, J. Kline, M. Rohling, J. O'Jile, K. Holler, V. Petrauskas, J. Long, J. Casey, T. Duda, S. Hodsman, S. Stricker, S. Martner, R. Hansen, F. Ferraro, R. Tangen, A. Hanratty, M. Tanabe, E. O'Callaghan, B. Houskamp, L. McDonald, L. Pick, D. Guardino, T. Pietz, K. Kayser, R. Gray, A. Letteri, A. Crisologo, G. Witkin, J. Sanders, M. Mrazik, A. Harley, M. Phoong, T. Melville, D. La, R. Gomez, L. Berthelson, J. Robbins, E. Lane, P. Rahman, L. Konopka, A. Fasfous, D. Zink, N. Peralta-Ramirez, M. Perez-Garcia, S. Su, G. Lin, T. Kiely, A. Schatzberg, J. Keller, J. Dykstra, M. Feigon, L. Renteria, M. Fong, L. Piper, E. Lee, J. Vordenberg, C. Contardo, S. Magnuson, N. Doninger, L. Luton, D. Drane, A. Phelan, W. Stricker, A. Poreh, F. Wolkenberg, J. Spira, J. DeRight, R. Jorgensen, L. Fitzpatrick, S. Crowe, S. Woods, K. Doyle, E. Weber, M. Cameron, J. Cattie, C. Cushman, I. Grant, K. Blackstone, D. Moore, B. Roberg, M. Somogie, J. Thelen, C. Lovelace, J. Bruce, A. Gerstenecker, B. Mast, I. Litvan, D. Hargrave, R. Schroeder, W. Buddin, L. Baade, R. Heinrichs, J. Boseck, K. Berry, E. Koehn, A. Davis, B. Meyer, B. Gelder, Z. Sussman, P. Espe-Pfeifer, M. Musso, A. Barker, G. Jones, W. Gouvier, V. Johnson, L. Zaytsev, M. Freier-Randall, G. Sutton, E. Ringdahl, J. Olsen, D. Byrd, M. Rivera-Mindt, R. Fellows, S. Morgello, V. Wheaton, S. Jaehnert, C. Ellis, H. Olavarria, J. Loftis, M. Huckans, P. Pimental, J. Frawley, M. Welch, K. Jennette, E. Rinehardt, M. Schoenberg, L. Strober, H. Genova, G. Wylie, J. DeLuca, N. Chiaravalloti, E. Ibrahim, A. Seiam, S. Bohlega, H. Lloyd, M. Goldberg, J. Marceaux, R. Fallows, K. McCoy, N. Yehyawi, E. Luther, R. Hilsabeck, R. Fulton, P. Stevens, S. Erickson, P. Dodzik, R. Williams, J. Dsurney, L. Najafizadeh, J. McGovern, F. Chowdhry, A. Acevedo, A. Bakhtiar, N. Karamzadeh, F. Amyot, A. Gandjbakhche, M. Haddad, M. Johnson, J. Wade, L. Harper, A. Barghi, V. Mark, G. Christopher, D. Marcus, M. Spady, J. Bloom, A. Zimmer, M. Miller, D. Schuster, H. Ebner, B. Mortimer, G. Palmer, M. Happe, J. Paxson, B. Jurek, J. Graca, J. Meyers, R. Lange, T. Brickell, L. French, G. Iverson, J. Shewchuk, B. Madler, M. Heran, J. Brubacher, B. Ivins, M. Baldassarre, T. Paper, A. Herrold, A. Chin, D. Zgaljardic, K. Oden, M. Lambert, S. Dickson, R. Miller, P. Plenger, E. Sutherland, C. Glatts, P. Schatz, K. Walker, N. Philip, S. McClaughlin, S. Mooney, E. Seats, V. Carnell, J. Raintree, D. Brown, C. Hodges, E. Amerson, C. Kennedy, J. Moore, C. Ferris, T. Roebuck-Spencer, A. Vincent, C. Bryan, D. Catalano, A. Warren, K. Monden, S. Driver, P. Chau, R. Seegmiller, M. Baker, S. Malach, J. Mintz, R. Villarreal, A. Peterson, S. Leininger, C. Strong, J. Donders, V. Merritt, G. Vargas, A. Rabinowitz, P. Arnett, E. Whipple, M. Schultheis, K. Robinson, D. Iacovone, R. Biester, D. Alfano, M. Nicholls, P. Klas, E. Jeffay, K. Zakzanis, M. Vandermeer, M. Womble, E. Corley, C. Considine, N. Fichtenberg, J. Harrison, M. Pollock, A. Mouanoutoua, A. Brimager, P. Lebby, K. Sullivan, S. Edmed, K. Kieffer, M. McCarthy, L. Wiegand, H. Lindsey, M. Hernandez, Y. Noniyeva, Y. Lapis, M. Padua, J. Poole, B. Brooks, C. McKay, W. Meeuwisse, C. Emery, A. Mazur-Mosiewicz, E. Sherman, M. Kirkwood, J. Gunner, A. Miele, G. Silk-Eglit, J. Lynch, R. McCaffrey, J. Stewart, J. Tsou, D. Scarisbrick, R. Chan, A. Bure-Reyes, L. Cortes, S. Gindy, C. Biddle, D. Shah, P. Jaberg, R. Moss, M. Horner, K. VanKirk, C. Dismuke, T. Turner, W. Muzzy, M. Dunnam, G. Warner, K. Donnelly, J. Donnelly, J. Kittleson, C. Bradshaw, M. Alt, S. Margolis, E. Ostroy, K. Higgins, K. Eng, S. Akeson, J. Wall, J. Davis, J. Hansel, B. Wang, R. Gervais, M. Greiffenstein, J. Denning, E. VonDran, E. Campbell, C. Brockman, G. Teichner, R. Waid, B. Buican, P. Armistead-Jehle, J. Bailie, A. Dilay, M. Cottingham, C. Boyd, S. Asmussen, J. Neff, S. Schalk, L. Jensen, J. DenBoer, S. Hall, E. Holcomb, B. Axelrod, G. Demakis, C. Rimland, J. Ward, M. Ross, M. Bailey, A. Stubblefield, J. Smigielski, J. Geske, V. Karpyak, C. Reese, G. Larrabee, L. Allen, M. Celinski, J. Gilman, C. LaDuke, D. DeMatteo, K. Heilbrun, T. Swirsky-Sacchetti, A. Dedman, K. Withers, T. Deneen, J. Fisher, B. Spray, R. Savage, H. Wiener, J. Tyer, V. Ningaonkar, B. Devlin, R. Go, V. Sharma, R. Fontanetta, C. Calderon, S. Coad, R. Fontaneta, M. Vertinski, R. Verbiest, J. Snyder, J. Kinney, A. Rach, J. Young, E. Crouse, D. Schretlen, J. Weaver, A. Buchholz, B. Gordon, S. Macciocchi, R. Seel, R. Godsall, J. Brotsky, A. DiRocco, E. Houghton-Faryna, E. Bolinger, C. Hollenbeck, J. Hart, B. Lee, G. Strauss, J. Adams, D. Martins, L. Catalano, J. Waltz, J. Gold, G. Haas, L. Brown, J. Luther, G. Goldstein, E. Kelley, C. Raba, L. Trettin, H. Solvason, R. Buchanan, D. Baldock, J. Etherton, T. Phelps, S. Richmond, B. Tapscott, S. Thomlinson, L. Cordeiro, G. Wilkening, M. Parikh, L. Graham, M. Grosch, L. Hynan, M. Weiner, C. Cullum, C. Menon, L. Lacritz, M. Castro-Couch, F. Irani, A. Houshyarnejad, M. Norman, F. Fonseca, B. Browne, J. Alvarez, Y. Jiminez, V. Baez, C. Resendiz, B. Scott, G. Farias, M. York, V. Lozano, M. Mahoney, M. Hernandez Mejia, E. Pacheco, A. Homs, R. Ownby, J. Nici, J. Hom, J. Lutz, R. Dean, H. Finch, S. Pierce, J. Moses, S. Mann, J. Feinberg, A. Choi, M. Kaminetskaya, C. Pierce, M. Zacharewicz, B. Gavett, J. Horwitz, J. Ory, K. Carbuccia, L. Morra, S. Garcon, M. Lucas, P. Donovick, K. Whearty, K. Campbell, S. Camlic, D. Brinckman, L. Ehrhart, V. Weisser, J. Medaglia, A. Merzagora, G. Reckess, T. Ho, S. Testa, H. Woolery, C. Farcello, N. Klimas, J. Meyer, F. Barwick, K. Drayer, J. Galusha, A. Schmitt, R. Livingston, R. Stewart, L. Quarles, M. Pagitt, C. Barke, A. Baker, N. Baker, N. Cook, D. Ahern, S. Correia, L. Resnik, K. Barnabe, D. Gnepp, M. Benjamin, Z. Zlatar, A. Garcia, S. Harnish, B. Crosson, L. Vaughan, A. Fedio, J. Sexton, S. Cummings, A. Logemann, N. Lassiter, P. Fedio, A. Gremillion, D. Nemeth, T. Whittington, J. Reckow, C. Lewandowski, J. Cole, A. Lewandowski, J. Spector, L. Ford-Johnson, J. Lengenfelder, J. Sumowski, C. Morse, J. McKeever, L. Zhao, T. Leist, J. Marcinak, K. Piecora, K. Al-Khalil, P. Martin, L. Thompson, W. Kowalczyk, S. Golub, E. Lemann, J. Piehl, N. Rita, L. Moss, R. Nogin, C. Drapeau, S. Malm, L. Armstrong, R. Glidewell, W. Orr, G. Mears, C. Allen, E. Pierson, B. Kavanaugh, F. Tayim, S. Llanes, K. Poston, J. Beathard, P. Stolberg, W. Jones, J. Mayfield, J. Weller, P. Demireva, K. McInerney, T. Riddle, M. Primus, J. Highsmith, D. Everhart, K. Lehockey, S. Sullivan, S. Mandava, B. Murphy, L. Lalwani, M. Rosselli, R. Carrasco, S. Zuckerman, J. Brand, M. Rivera Mindt, S. Schaffer, K. Alper, O. Devinsky, W. Barr, K. Langer, J. Fraiman, J. Scagliola, E. Roman, A. Martinez, K. Konopacki, A. Juliano, D. Whiteside, G. Widmann, M. Franzwa, B. Sokal, E. Morgan, M. Bondi, L. Delano-Wood, R. Cormier, N. Cumley, M. Elek, M. Green, A. Kruger, L. Pacheco, G. Robinson, H. Welch, D. Parriott, S. Loe, L. Hughes, L. Natta, W. Quenicka, K. McGoldirck, T. Bennett, H. Soper, S. Collier, M. Connolly, M. Di Pinto, E. Handel, K. Davidson, E. Livers, S. Frantz, J. Allen, T. Jerard, S. Sakhai, S. Barney, K. McGoldrick, J. Sordahl, N. Torrence, and S. John

Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, General Medicine
Published
2012
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5. Growth of Bacterial Biofilms on Tenckhoff Catheter Discs in vitro after Simulated Touch Contamination of the Y-Connecting Set in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis

Author

D. L. Tyrrell, Mrinal K. Dasgupta, K. B. Bettcher, J. W. Costerton, K. Lam, and M. Larabie

Subjects
Tenckhoff catheter, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, In Vitro Techniques, Peritonitis, Bacterial Adhesion, Peritoneal dialysis, Catheters, Indwelling, Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Dialysis Solutions, Humans, Medicine, Chromatography, biology, business.industry, Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, Biofilm, Contamination, biology.organism_classification, In vitro, Microscopy, Electron, Nephrology, In vitro system, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Silicone Elastomers, Equipment Contamination, business
Abstract

We simulated touch contamination of peritoneal dialysis fluids perfused through an in vitro system with a modified Robbins' device (MRD) and Y-connecting tubings, to study the pathogenesis of bacterial biofilm (BB) growth on Tenckhoff catheter (TC) discs. The spike ends of Y-connecting sets were dipped in a suspension of freshly cultured cells of Staphylococcus epidermidis (3 X 10(8) cfu/ml), and connected to 2 litres of 0.5% dianeal solution which was perfused through the MRD with plugs containing TC discs. Four simulated clinical exchanges were performed with or without prior flushing and/or bleach treatment of the Y sets. Control experiments were done with fresh Dianeal solution with no contamination, flushing, or bleach treatment. BB growth on the TC discs was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy and quantitated by routine culture of scrapings from the discs. We noted that touch contamination of dialysis fluids via the spike ends of the connecting sets can generate dense BB growth on TC discs in this experimental system (62 +/- 8% by SEM and 10.2 +/- 8.3 X 10(3) cfu/ml by culture). This growth of BB was significantly reduced by flushing the Y set with sterile Dianeal solution (24.3 +/- 3% by SEM and 5.7 +/- 3.5 X 10(1) cfu/ml by culture) and was absent by bleach treatment. We conclude that although bleach treatment of Y sets can prevent BB growth, the 'flushing' procedure alone can significantly reduce BB growth on TC from touch contamination of dialysate fluid.

Published
1990
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6. Peritonitis in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis {CAPD): A Multi-Centre Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing the Y Connector Disinfectant System to Standard Systems

Author

David N. Churchill, W. Williams, M L Beecroft, N. L. Wilczynski, D. G. Oreopoulos, G. Wu, Stephen I. Vas, A. Fine, S. S.A. Fenton, S. Lavoie, K. B. Bettcher, D. Page, R. Pemberton, D W Taylor, and G.A. Deveber

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, 030232 urology & nephrology, Peritonitis, General Medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, medicine.disease, Peritoneal dialysis, Surgery, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Nephrology, law, medicine, Y connector, Multi centre, business
Abstract

sixty-one new continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients were allocated to a Y connector disinfectant (Amuchina, Italy) and 63 to standard systems (Baxter Systems II & III) in a randomized clinical trial addressing peritonitis rates in 8 CAPD programs in 6 Canadian cities. In the Y connector-disinfectant group, 15 patients experienced 21 episodes of peritonitis in 452 patient-months or 1 per 21.53 patient-months. In the standard systems group, 30 patients experienced 47 episodes of peritonitis in 467 patient-months or 1 per 9.93 patient-months ( p = 0.009). The peritonitis risk reduction was 61% (95% confidence limits 27–79%). Exit-site infections occurred in 36% of each group. Prior to the development of exit -site infection, the monthly risk for peritonitis was 3.12% for the Y connector disinfectant system and 7.37% for the standard system. After an exit -site infection, these probabilities increased to 6.15% and 15.47%, respectively. Skin organisms were responsible for peritonitis in 8/21 (38%) in the Y connector-disinfectant group and 30/47 (64%) in the standard group. There were 75 days hospitalized for peritonitis in the Y connector-disinfectant group compared to 257 days for the standard group. The Y connector disinfectant system decreases the peritonitis rate through its effect on skin organisms. Exit -site infections are a major source of organisms responsible for peritonitis.

Published
1989
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7. Anemia in hemodialysis patients

Author

M R, Higgins, M, Grace, R A, Ulan, D S, Silverberg, K B, Bettcher, and J B, Dossetor

Subjects
Adult, Anemia, Hemolytic, Adolescent, Renal Dialysis, Humans, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Blood Transfusion, Middle Aged, Erythropoietin, Nephrectomy
Abstract

The association between anemia and chronic renal failure has been recognized since the early 19th century. With the introduction of regular dialysis treatment, an understanding of all aspects of this uremic complication has become of great importance, including an appreciation of the hazards of multiple blood transfusions. This analysis of hemoglobin levels and transfusion requirements in 84 dialysis patients focuses specific attention on hemolytic mechanisms, blood loss, and the effect of bilateral nephrectomy on erythropoiesis. Because no replacement for renal erythropoietin is available, particular attention must be paid to less important, but partially correctable factors that contribute to anemia. Blood transfusion requirements can then be reduced to a minimum, together with the risks of hypersplenism, hepatitis, and sensitization of the patient to alloantigens.

Published
1977

8. Blood access in hemodialysis

Author

M R, Higgins, M, Grace, K B, Bettcher, D S, Silverberg, and J B, Dossetor

Subjects
Adult, Male, Time Factors, Adolescent, Infant, Middle Aged, Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical, Postoperative Complications, Sex Factors, Recurrence, Renal Dialysis, Child, Preschool, Humans, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Female, Child
Abstract

Four hundred seventy blood access procedures performed on 170 dialysis patients during the period 1962-1975 have been analyzed according to survival of access with respect to age, sex and cause of failure. Subcutaneous forms of blood access have a significantly longer life and are more free of complications than external shunts. Although the mode of access can now be tailored to the individual patient, the arterio-venous fistula remains the least expensive and simplest surgical procedure. It should therefore remain as the first choice of access for most patients.

Published
1976

10. An extracorporeal model of biofilm-adherent bacterial microcolony colonization for the study of peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Author

Raymond A. Ulan, V. Burns, D. L. Tyrrell, J. W. Costerton, J. B. Dossetor, K. Lam, K. B. Bettcher, and Mrinal K. Dasgupta

Subjects
Tenckhoff catheter, medicine.medical_specialty, Bacteriological Techniques, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, Biofilm, Peritonitis, Bacterial Infections, medicine.disease, Extracorporeal, Bacterial Adhesion, Peritoneal dialysis, Surgery, Microbiology, Models, Structural, Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory, Nephrology, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Medicine, Humans, In patient, Colonization, business
Abstract

We have developed an extracorporeal system for investigating in vitro the biofilm-adherent bacterial microcolonies (BABM) that grow on Tenckhoff catheters (TC), to study peritonitis in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). A modified Robbins' device, attached to sampling plugs with TC discs and connected to the dialysate via a peristaltic pump, is run for 24 h; scrapings from pairs of TC discs are processed for assessment of viable BABM, one of each pair for culture by routine microbiology techniques and the other for examination by scanning and transmission electron microscopy (EM). No colonization was noted with fresh dialysis solutions and spent dialysates from patients without clinical peritonits; but, when bacterial suspensions were added to aliquots of the same dialysates, BABM were noted on both culture and EM. In a study of 4 patients on CAPD treatment, who had clinically evident peritonitis, routine cultures of spent dialysate were positive in only 2, but BABM were found in cultures and EM preparations of disc scrapings in all 4 cases. We conclude from these preliminary findings that this extracorporeal system is reliable, and well suited for studying the role of BABM in CAPD-associated peritonitis in vitro.

Published
1988

13. Anemia in Hemodialysis Patients

Author

Michael Grace, Donald S. Silverberg, John B. Dossetor, K. B. Bettcher, Raymond A. Ulan, and Michael R. Higgins

Subjects
Hepatitis, medicine.medical_specialty, Blood transfusion, Anemia, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine.disease, Erythropoietin, Internal Medicine, medicine, Erythropoiesis, Hemodialysis, Intensive care medicine, Complication, business, Dialysis, medicine.drug
Abstract

The association between anemia and chronic renal failure has been recognized since the early 19th century. With the introduction of regular dialysis treatment, an understanding of all aspects of this uremic complication has become of great importance, including an appreciation of the hazards of multiple blood transfusions. This analysis of hemoglobin levels and transfusion requirements in 84 dialysis patients focuses specific attention on hemolytic mechanisms, blood loss, and the effect of bilateral nephrectomy on erythropoiesis. Because no replacement for renal erythropoietin is available, particular attention must be paid to less important, but partially correctable factors that contribute to anemia. Blood transfusion requirements can then be reduced to a minimum, together with the risks of hypersplenism, hepatitis, and sensitization of the patient to alloantigens. ( Arch Intern Med 137:172-176, 1977)

Published
1977
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