511 results on '"B. Adamo"'
Search Results
2. Association Between Reproductive Health Factors and Musculoskeletal Injuries in Female Canadian Armed Forces Members
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Jessica L. Puranda, Danilo F. da Silva, Chris M. Edwards, Taniya S. Nagpal, Sara S. Souza, Kevin Semeniuk, and Kristi B. Adamo
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General Medicine - Published
- 2023
3. Impact of acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on circulating extracellular vesicles in pregnant and non-pregnant women
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Akram Abolbaghaei, Shuhiba Mohammad, Danilo Fernandes da Silva, Kelly Ann Hutchinson, Robert L. Myette, Kristi B. Adamo, and Dylan Burger
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Nutrition and Dietetics ,Physiology ,Physiology (medical) ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,General Medicine - Abstract
Exercise improves cardiovascular and metabolic health in pregnancy and may represent a non-pharmacological approach to improving pregnancy outcomes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and offer the potential for evaluating vascular health non-invasively during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in circulating EV levels after an acute bout of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in healthy pregnant and non-pregnant women. We studied plasma samples from pregnant ( N = 13, 13–28 weeks) and non-pregnant ( N = 17) women. A pre-exercise blood sample was obtained followed by a 30 min bout of moderate-intensity treadmill-based exercise. Immediately following the exercise, a post-exercise blood draw was collected. Large EVs were isolated from plasma by differential centrifugation and characterized by Western blot and electron microscopy. We quantified circulating EVs by nanoscale flow cytometry. Endothelial EVs were identified as VE-Cadherin+, platelet EVs as CD41+, and leukocyte EVs as CD45+ events. Acute exercise was associated with a significant reduction in levels of circulating endothelial EVs in the non-pregnant group ( p = 0.0232) but not in the pregnant group ( p = 0.2734). A greater proportion of non-pregnant women (13/17, 76.47%) exhibited a reduction in endothelial EVs compared with their pregnant counterparts (4/13, 30.76%, p
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- 2023
4. Development and pilot evaluation of a pregnancy-specific mobile health tool: a qualitative investigation of SmartMoms Canada.
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Lyra Halili, Rebecca Liu, Kelly Ann Hutchinson, Kevin Semeniuk, Leanne M. Redman, and Kristi B. Adamo
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- 2018
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5. Effect of Pregnancy in 42 Elite to World-Class Runners on Training and Performance Outcomes
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Francine, Darroch, Amy, Schneeberg, Ryan, Brodie, Zachary M, Ferraro, Dylan, Wykes, Sarita, Hira, Audrey R, Giles, Kristi B, Adamo, and Trent, Stellingwerff
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Cohort Studies ,Pregnancy ,Athletes ,Humans ,Female ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Athletic Performance ,Retrospective Studies ,Running - Abstract
The International Olympic Committee expert group on pregnancy has identified a paucity of information regarding training and performance in truly elite athletes. Thus, the purpose of this study was to quantify elite runners' training volume throughout pregnancy and postpartum competition performance outcomes.Forty-two elite (50% competed at the World Championships/Olympic) middle-/long-distance runners' training before, during, and after pregnancy (quality/quantity/type) data (retrospective questionnaire) and competition data (published online) were collected.Running volume decreased significantly ( P0.01) from the first trimester (63 ± 34 km·wk -1 ) to the third trimester (30 ± 30 km·wk -1 ). Participants returned to activity/exercise at ~6 wk postpartum and to 80% of prepregnancy training volumes by 3 months. Participants who intended to return to equivalent performance levels postpregnancy, there was no statistical decrease in performance in the 1 to 3 yr postpregnancy compared with prepregnancy, and ~56% improved performances postpregnancy.This study features the largest cohort of elite runners training and competition outcomes assessed throughout pregnancy, with training volumes being approximately two to four times greater than current guidelines. For the first time, performance was directly assessed (due to the quantifiable nature of elite running), and study participants who intended to return to high-level competition did so at a statistically similar level of performance in the 1- to 3-yr period postpregnancy. Taken together, this article provides much needed insights into current training practices and performance of elite pregnant runners, which should help to inform future training guidelines as well as sport policy and sponsor expectations around return to training timelines and performance.
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- 2022
6. Development of the Get Active Questionnaire for Pregnancy: breaking down barriers to prenatal exercise
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Margie H. Davenport, Sarah Neil-Sztramko, Bridget Lett, Mary Duggan, Michelle F. Mottola, Stephanie-May Ruchat, Kristi B. Adamo, Kate Andrews, Raul Artal, Nicole Beamish, Radha Chari, Milena Forte, Kirstin N. Lane, Linda May, Kaleigh Maclaren, and Ashley Zahavich
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Canada ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Pregnancy ,Physiology ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Physiology (medical) ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Humans ,Female ,General Medicine ,Exercise ,Exercise Therapy - Abstract
Evidence-based guidelines represent the highest level of scientific evidence to identify best practices for clinical/public health. However, the availability of guidelines do not guarantee their use, targeted knowledge translation strategies and tools are necessary to help promote uptake. Following publication of the 2019 Canadian Guideline for Physical Activity throughout Pregnancy, the Get Active Questionnaire for Pregnancy, and an associated Health Care Provider Consultation Form for Prenatal Physical Activity were developed to promote guideline adoption and use amongst pregnant individuals and health care providers. This paper describes the process of developing these tools. First, a survey was administered to qualified exercise professionals to identify the barriers and facilitators in using existing prenatal exercise screening tools. A Working Group of researchers and stakeholders then convened to develop an evidence-informed exercise pre-participation screening tool for pregnant individuals, building from previous tool and survey findings. Finally, end-user feedback was solicited through a survey and key informant interviews to ensure tools are feasible and acceptable to use in practice. The uptake and use of these documents by pregnant individuals, exercise, and health care professionals will be assessed in future studies. Novelty: Evidence supports the safety/benefits of exercise for most pregnant individuals; however, exercise is not recommended for a small number of individuals with specific medical conditions. The Get Active Questionnaire for Pregnancy and Health Care Provider Consultation Form for Physical Activity during Pregnancy identify individuals where prenatal exercise may pose a risk, while reducing barriers to physical activity participation for the majority of pregnant individuals.
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- 2022
7. Global environmental crisis
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Leonardo Freire de Mello, Susana B. Adamo, and Sara Aparecida de Paula
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- 2023
8. Evaluation of Afterschool Activity Programs’ (ASAP) Effect on Children’s Physical Activity, Physical Health, and Fundamental Movement Skills
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Kristi B. Adamo, Mitchell Crozier, Taniya S Nagpal, Niko Wasenius, Danilo Fernandes da Silva, Kathryn M Denize, Clinicum, and Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care
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Physical activity ,physical activity ,physical literacy ,children’s health ,Body Mass Index ,Developmental psychology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Literacy ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Physical literacy ,Accelerometry ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,Exercise ,fundamental movement skills ,2. Zero hunger ,030505 public health ,Movement (music) ,4. Education ,after-school programming ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Physical health ,3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health ,Motor Skills ,Child, Preschool ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology - Abstract
Background Physical literacy-focused afterschool activity programs (ASAPs) can be an effective strategy to improve children’s health-related parameters. We sought to compare physical activity, body composition, aerobic capacity, and fundamental movement skills between physical literacy-focused ASAP and a standard recreational ASAP. Method A pre–post (6 months) comparison study was conducted in 5- to 12-year-old children in a physical literacy-focused ASAP (physical literacy group, n = 14) and children attending a standard recreational ASAP (comparison group, n = 15). Physical activity guideline adherence was assessed using accelerometry, body composition was analyzed using bioelectrical impedance, aerobic capacity was estimated using the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run test, and fundamental movement skills were evaluated using the Test of Gross Motor Development–2. Results There were no significant differences between groups at baseline. After 6 months, the physical literacy group exhibited a significant improvement in their total raw score for the Test of Gross Motor Development–2 ( p = .016), which was likely due to improvements in object control skills ( p = .024). The comparison group significantly increased body mass index ( p = .001) and body fat ( p = .009) over time. No significant between-group differences were found; however, there was a trend for improved aerobic capacity in the physical literacy group ( d = 0.58). Conclusions Engagement in the physical literacy-focused ASAP contributed to an attenuated increase in adiposity and an improvement in object control skills.
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- 2021
9. Population characteristics associated with adherence to prenatal group-based exercise programs
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Taniya S. Nagpal, Miguel Sánchez-Polán, Danilo F. da Silva, Sara C.S. Souza, Mireia Pelaez, María Perales, Yaiza Cordero, Marina Vargas-Terrones, Kristi B. Adamo, and Ruben Barakat
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Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine - Abstract
Community-based supervised group exercise may be an effective option to increase activity levels throughout pregnancy. Previous studies that have explored predictors of low adherence to exercise during pregnancy have not examined group-based settings. We analysed an international cohort of 347 pregnant women who participated in group-based prenatal exercise interventions (from20 weeks to 34-36 weeks pregnant). Probable adherence predictors informed by previous literature that were assessed included: pre-pregnancy physical activity level and body mass index (BMI) classification, age, number of previous pregnancies, and education level. Adherence was measured by attendance. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to explore the relationship between the selected predictors and high adherence (≥70%). Post-secondary education level versus only secondary (aOR 5.28; CI 1.67; 16.72) or primary level (aOR 13.82; CI 4.30; 44.45) presented greater likelihood to have high adherence to the exercise intervention than low adherence. Future research and public health initiatives should consider implementing strategies to overcome education-related barriers to improve accessibility to prenatal exercise.
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- 2022
10. Implementation of an e-Learning course in physical activity and sedentary behavior for pre- and in-service early childhood educators: Evaluation of the TEACH pilot study
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Brianne A. Bruijns, Leigh M. Vanderloo, Andrew M. Johnson, Kristi B. Adamo, Shauna M. Burke, Valerie Carson, Rachel Heydon, Jennifer D. Irwin, Patti-Jean Naylor, Brian W. Timmons, and Patricia Tucker
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Sedentary behavior ,Childcare ,e-Learning ,Physical activity ,Implementation ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Early childhood educators ,Process evaluation - Abstract
Background Childcare-based physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) interventions have traditionally used in-person training to supplement early childhood educators’ (ECEs) knowledge and confidence to facilitate physically active programming for the children in their care. However, this method of delivery is resource-intensive and unable to reach a high number of ECEs. The purpose of the Training pre-service EArly CHildhood educators in PA (TEACH) pilot study was to test the implementation (e.g., fidelity, feasibility, acceptability) of an e-Learning course targeting PA and SB among a sample of pre-service (i.e., post-secondary students) and in-service (i.e., practicing) ECEs in Canada. Methods A pre-/post-study design was adopted for this pilot study, and implementation outcomes were assessed cross-sectionally at post-intervention. Pre-service ECEs were purposefully recruited from three Canadian colleges and in-service ECEs were recruited via social media. Upon completing the e-Learning course, process evaluation surveys (n = 32 pre-service and 121 in-service ECEs) and interviews (n = 3 pre-service and 8 in-service ECEs) were completed to gather ECEs’ perspectives on the e-Learning course. Fidelity was measured via e-Learning course metrics retrieved from the web platform. Descriptive statistics were calculated for quantitative data, and thematic analysis was conducted to analyze qualitative data. Results Moderate-to-high fidelity to the TEACH study e-Learning course was exhibited by pre-service (68%) and in-service (63%) ECEs. Participants reported that the course was highly acceptable, compatible, effective, feasible, and appropriate in complexity; however, some ECEs experienced technical difficulties with the e-Learning platform and noted a longer than anticipated course duration. The most enjoyed content for pre- and in-service ECEs focused on outdoor play (87.5% and 91.7%, respectively) and risky play (84.4% and 88.4%, respectively). Conclusions These findings demonstrate the value of e-Learning for professional development interventions for ECEs. Participant feedback will be used to make improvements to the TEACH e-Learning course to improve scalability of this training.
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- 2022
11. Future Trends: The Challenges of Climate Displacement
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Susana B. Adamo
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- 2022
12. Corrigendum: Update on genistein and thyroid: an overall message of safety
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Herbert Marini, Francesca Polito, Elena B. Adamo, Alessandra Bitto, Francesco Squadrito, and Salvatore Benvenga
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Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism - Published
- 2022
13. Exploring weight bias internalization in pregnancy
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Taniya S, Nagpal, Ximena Ramos, Salas, Michael, Vallis, Helena, Piccinini-Vallis, Angela S, Alberga, Rhonda C, Bell, Danilo F, da Silva, Margie H, Davenport, Laura, Gaudet, Angela C Incollingo, Rodriguez, Rebecca H, Liu, Maxine, Myre, Kara, Nerenberg, Sarah, Nutter, Shelly, Russell-Mayhew, Sara C S, Souza, Candace, Vilhan, and Kristi B, Adamo
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Adult ,Pregnancy Complications ,Pregnancy ,Weight Prejudice ,Social Stigma ,Pregnancy Outcome ,Humans ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Female ,Obesity ,Overweight ,Gestational Weight Gain ,Body Mass Index - Abstract
Background Recent research has shown that pregnant individuals experience weight stigma throughout gestation, including negative comments and judgement associated with gestational weight gain (GWG). Weight bias internalization (WBI) is often a result of exposure to weight stigma and is detrimental to biopsychological health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore WBI in pregnancy and compare scores based on maternal weight-related factors including pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), obesity diagnosis and excessive GWG. Methods Pregnant individuals in Canada and USA completed a modified version of the Adult Weight Bias Internalization Scale. Self-reported pre-pregnancy height and weight were collected to calculate and classify pre-pregnancy BMI. Current weight was also reported to calculate GWG, which was then classified as excessive or not based on Institute of Medicine (2009) guidelines. Participants indicated if they were diagnosed with obesity by a healthcare provider. Inferential analyses were performed comparing WBI scores according to pre-pregnancy BMI, excessive GWG, and obesity diagnosis. Significance was accepted as p Result 336 pregnant individuals completed the survey, with an average WBI score of 3.9 ± 1.2. WBI was higher among those who had a pre-pregnancy BMI of obese than normal weight (p = 0.04, η2 = 0.03), diagnosed with obesity than not diagnosed (p p Conclusions Pregnant individuals who have a higher BMI, obesity and gain excessively may experience WBI. Given that weight stigma frequently occurs in pregnancy, effective person-oriented strategies are needed to mitigate stigma and prevent and care for WBI.
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- 2022
14. Physical Activity and Weight Gain Throughout Pregnancy Are Associated With Umbilical Cord Markers
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Catherine Everest, Danilo F. da Silva, Jessica Puranda, Sara C.S. Souza, Alexandra D. Goudreau, Taniya S. Nagpal, Chris M. Edwards, Rhea Gupta, and Kristi B. Adamo
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Obstetrics and Gynecology - Abstract
Maternal serum and umbilical cord (UC) lipid and glucose levels are influenced by a variety of maternal factors over the course of pregnancy, including maternal physical activity (PA) levels and gestational weight gain (GWG). However, previous research has not assessed the interaction of these 2 variables. This study investigated mid-gestation (24-28 weeks) and late gestation (34-38 weeks) maternal and UC serum lipid and glucose profiles in relation to maternal PA status and GWG, independently and in combination.This study had a longitudinal design. Pregnant participants (n = 40) were categorized as active or inactive based on the 2019 Canadian Guideline for Physical Activity throughout Pregnancy, and GWG was categorized as insufficient, appropriate, or excessive based on 2009 Institute of Medicine recommendations. Fasting maternal serum was taken in mid- and late gestation, and venous UC serum was taken at birth.No relationship was found between maternal serum values and PA and/or GWG. Infants born to individuals who were physically active across pregnancy, or who were active in mid-pregnancy and had their activity status drop in late gestation, had lower UC total cholesterol levels than those who were inactive throughout pregnancy (P0.0001). Participants who had gained weight appropriately at mid-gestation had significantly lower UC glucose levels than those who gained weight insufficiently (P = 0.040) or excessively (P = 0.021).In our study, PA, and GWG (independently and in combination) may not have affected maternal serum; however, meeting PA recommendations at mid-gestation may provide prophylactic effects on UC serum, potentially providing long-term health benefits to the newborn.
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- 2022
15. Physical Layer Error Correction Based Cipher.
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Oluwayomi B. Adamo, Shengli Fu, and Murali R. Varanasi
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- 2010
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16. Prognostic value of intrinsic subtypes in hormone-receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis
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F. Schettini, O. Martínez-Sáez, C. Falato, I. De Santo, B. Conte, I. Garcia-Fructuoso, R. Gomez-Bravo, E. Seguí, N. Chic, F. Brasó-Maristany, L. Paré, M. Vidal, B. Adamo, M. Muñoz, T. Pascual, E. Ciruelos, C.M. Perou, L.A. Carey, and A. Prat
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Cancer Research ,Oncology - Published
- 2023
17. 55P Clinicopathological and molecular changes induced by neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/HER2-low vs HER2 0 breast cancer (BC)
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F. Schettini, T. Pascual, L. Ghiglione, F. Brasó-Maristany, O. Martínez-Sáez, B. Conte, I. Cebrecos, E. Mension, S. Ganau, E. Sanfeliu Torres, B. Gonzalez-Farre, P. Jares, S. Vidal-Siscart, M. Mollá, B. Adamo, M.J. Vidal Losada, M. Munoz, and A. Prat
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Cancer Research ,Oncology - Published
- 2023
18. 10P HER2 loss and PAM50 dynamics after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in HER2-positive (HER2+) early breast cancer (BC)
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S. Morganti, F. Brasó-Maristany, M. Rey, G. Goberna, T. Pascual, F. Schettini, B. Conte, R. Gomez Bravo, I. Garcia Fructuoso, E. Segui Solis, P. Galván, E. Sanfeliu Torres, B. Gonzalez-Farre, M.J. Vidal Losada, B. Adamo, M. Munoz, N. Lin, S.M. Tolaney, A. Prat, and O. Martinez Saez
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Cancer Research ,Oncology - Published
- 2023
19. A culturally tailored personaliseD nutrition intErvention in South ASIan women at risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (DESI-GDM): a randomised controlled trial protocol
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Rosain N Stennett, Kristi B Adamo, Sonia S Anand, Harpreet S Bajaj, Shrikant I Bangdiwala, Dipika Desai, Hertzel C Gerstein, Sujane Kandasamy, Farah Khan, Scott A Lear, Sarah D McDonald, Tayler Pocsai, Paul Ritvo, Andrea Rogge, Karleen M Schulze, Diana Sherifali, Jennifer C Stearns, Gita Wahi, Natalie C Williams, Michael A Zulyniak, and Russell J de Souza
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General Medicine - Abstract
IntroductionSouth Asians are more likely to develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) than white Europeans. Diet and lifestyle modifications may prevent GDM and reduce undesirable outcomes in both the mother and offspring. Our study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness and participant acceptability of a culturally tailored, personalised nutrition intervention on the glucose area under the curve (AUC) after a 2-hour 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in pregnant women of South Asian ancestry with GDM risk factors.Methods and analysisA total of 190 South Asian pregnant women with at least 2 of the following GDM risk factors—prepregnancy body mass index>23, age>29, poor-quality diet, family history of type 2 diabetes in a first-degree relative or GDM in a previous pregnancy will be enrolled during gestational weeks 12–18, and randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to: (1) usual care, plus weekly text messages to encourage walking and paper handouts or (2) a personalised nutrition plan developed and delivered by a culturally congruent dietitian and health coach; and FitBit to track steps. The intervention lasts 6–16 weeks, depending on week of recruitment. The primary outcome is the glucose AUC from a three-sample 75 g OGTT 24–28 weeks’ gestation. The secondary outcome is GDM diagnosis, based on Born-in-Bradford criteria (fasting glucose>5.2 mmol/L or 2 hours post load>7.2 mmol/L).Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board (HiREB #10942). Findings will be disseminated among academics and policy-makers through scientific publications along with community-orientated strategies.Trial registration numberNCT03607799.
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- 2023
20. 8P First decision impact study of HER2DX in patients (pts) with HER2-positive (HER2+) early breast cancer
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O. Martinez Saez, F. Brasó-Maristany, M. Marín-Aguilera, M.J. Vidal Losada, B. Adamo, T. Pascual, F. Schettini, B. Conte, N. Chic, R. Gomez Bravo, I. Garcia Fructuoso, E. Segui Solis, P. Galván, E. Hernández-Illán, P. Jares, J.A. Puig-Butille, E. Sanfeliu Torres, L. Pare Brunet, P. Villagrasa Gonzalez, and M. Munoz
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Cancer Research ,Oncology - Published
- 2023
21. Smaller Split L-1 Data Caches for Multi-core Processing Systems.
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Oluwayomi B. Adamo, Afrin Naz, Tommy Janjusic, Krishna M. Kavi, and Chung-Ping Chung
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- 2009
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22. Improving Uniformity of Cache Access Pattern using Split Data Caches.
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Afrin Naz, Oluwayomi B. Adamo, Krishna M. Kavi, and Tomislav Janjusic
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- 2009
23. An innovative method of teaching digital system design in an undergraduate electrical and computer engineering curriculum.
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Oluwayomi B. Adamo, Parthasarathy Guturu, and Murali R. Varanasi
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- 2009
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24. Food security among dryland pastoralists and agropastoralists: The climate, land-use change, and population dynamics nexus
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Kathleen A. Galvin, Joana Roque de Pinho, A.K. Paschalidou, Trevor L. Even, Ilan Stavi, Susana B. Adamo, Clare Heaviside, Kees van der Geest, and Alex de Sherbinin
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Croplands vs rangelands ,Population dynamics ,Ciências Sociais::Geografia Económica e Social [Domínio/Área Científica] ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Natural resource economics ,Pastoralism ,Population ,Land-use change ,Climate change ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Sedentarization and expansion of cultivation ,Land use, land-use change and forestry ,Increasing temperatures ,Land tenure ,education ,Environmental degradation ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Global and Planetary Change ,education.field_of_study ,Food security ,Ecology ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Long-term droughts ,Geology ,Climatic change ,Natural vs anthropogenic factors ,Geography ,Ciências Naturais::Ciências da Terra e do Ambiente [Domínio/Área Científica] ,Human migration and urbanization ,Nexus (standard) - Abstract
During the last decades, pastoralist, and agropastoralist populations of the world’s drylands have become exceedingly vulnerable to regional and global changes. Specifically, exacerbated stressors imposed on these populations have adversely affected their food security status, causing humanitarian emergencies and catastrophes. Of these stressors, climate variability and change, land-use and management practices, and dynamics of human demography are of a special importance. These factors affect all four pillars of food security, namely, food availability, access to food, food utilization, and food stability. The objective of this study was to critically review relevant literature to assess the complex web of interrelations and feedbacks that affect these factors. The increasing pressures on the world’s drylands necessitate a comprehensive analysis to advise policy makers regarding the complexity and linkages among factors, and to improve global action. The acquired insights may be the basis for alleviating food insecurity of vulnerable dryland populations. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
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- 2021
25. VLSI Architecture for Encryption and Watermarking Units Towards the Making of a Secure Camera.
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Oluwayomi B. Adamo, Saraju P. Mohanty, Elias Kougianos, and Murali R. Varanasi
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- 2006
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26. How Many Valid Days Are Necessary to Assess Physical Activity Data From Accelerometry During Pregnancy?
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Sara C S Souza, Shuhiba Mohammad, Taniya S Nagpal, Kristi B. Adamo, Rachel C. Colley, and Danilo Fernandes da Silva
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Sedentary time ,Pregnancy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Obstetrics ,Physical activity ,medicine.disease ,Late pregnancy ,Gestational period ,Accelerometry ,medicine ,Humans ,Gestation ,Female ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Sedentary Behavior ,business ,Exercise - Abstract
Background: The authors examined whether or not ≤3 days wearing Actical® accelerometers provided acceptable results in comparison with the recommendation of ≥4 days in women across gestation. Methods: A total of 26, 76, and 57 participants at early, mid, and late pregnancy, respectively, were assessed. Participants were instructed to wear the device for 7 days and women who wore it for ≥4 days were included. For each participant, 3, 2, and 1 day(s) were randomly selected. Paired comparisons, intraclass correlations coefficients, and kappa statistics were performed for ≥4 days (criterion) versus 3, 2, and 1 day(s). Averages (in minutes per day) of sedentary time, light, moderate, vigorous, moderate to vigorous physical activity (PA) and steps per day were examined. Results: When 3 valid days were compared with the criterion, no significant differences were found for any gestational period. The intraclass correlations coefficients were “high” for all PA-related variables. The k values varied from .819 to .838 across pregnancy (“strong”). Two and 1 valid day(s) versus the criterion showed significant differences in some PA intensities, reduced intraclass correlations coefficients, “moderate” k values for 2 valid days (.638–.788) and “minimal-to-moderate” k values for 1 valid day (.367–.755). Conclusion: In pregnant women during early, mid, and late pregnancy, PA data obtained from 3 valid days of wear was equivalent and agreed with ≥4 valid days.
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- 2021
27. Maternal and Cord Blood Metabolite Associations with Gestational Weight Gain and Pregnancy Health Outcomes
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Hans J. Vogel, Shannon Bainbridge, Shuhiba Mohammad, Kristi B. Adamo, Matthias S. Klein, and Jane Shearer
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0301 basic medicine ,Physiology ,Overweight ,Biochemistry ,Umbilical cord ,Childhood obesity ,Body Mass Index ,03 medical and health sciences ,Pregnancy ,Outcome Assessment, Health Care ,Weight management ,medicine ,Humans ,Child ,2. Zero hunger ,030102 biochemistry & molecular biology ,business.industry ,General Chemistry ,Fetal Blood ,medicine.disease ,Obesity ,Gestational Weight Gain ,3. Good health ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cord blood ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Weight gain - Abstract
Pre-pregnancy obesity and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) are risk factors for future maternal and childhood obesity. Maternal obesity is potentially communicated to the fetus in part by the metabolome, altering the child's metabolic program in early development. Fasting maternal blood samples from 37 singleton pregnancies at 25-28 weeks of gestation were obtained from mothers with pre-pregnancy body mass indexes (BMIs) between 18 and 40 kg/m2. Various health measures including GWG, diet, and physical activity were also assessed. At term (37-42 weeks), a venous umbilical cord sample was obtained. Serum metabolomic profiles were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as well as a gut and metabolic hormone panel. Maternal and cord serum metabolites were tested for associations with pre-pregnancy BMI, GWG, health outcomes, and gut and metabolic hormones. While cord blood metabolites showed no significant correlation to maternal obesity status or other measured health outcomes, maternal serum metabolites showed distinct profiles for lean, overweight, and obese women. Additionally, four serum metabolites, namely, glutamate, lysine, pyruvate, and valine, allowed prediction of excessive GWG when pre-pregnancy BMI was controlled. Metabolic biomarkers predictive of GWG are reported and, if validated, could aid in the guidance of prenatal weight management plans as the majority of pregnancy weight gain occurs in the third trimester.
- Published
- 2021
28. The Influence of Exercise-Associated Small Extracellular Vesicles on Trophoblasts In Vitro
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Shuhiba Mohammad, Jayonta Bhattacharjee, Velislava Tzaneva, Kelly Ann Hutchinson, Madeeha Shaikh, Danilo Fernandes da Silva, Dylan Burger, and Kristi B. Adamo
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Medicine (miscellaneous) ,exercise ,physical activity ,small extracellular vesicles ,placenta ,trophoblast ,pregnancy ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology - Abstract
Exercise induces the release of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) into circulation that are postulated to mediate tissue cross-talk during exercise. We previously reported that pregnant individuals released greater levels of sEVs into circulation after exercise compared to matched non-pregnant controls, but their biological functions remain unknown. In this study, sEVs isolated from the plasma of healthy pregnant and non-pregnant participants after a single bout of moderate-intensity exercise were evaluated for their impact on trophoblasts in vitro. Exercise-associated sEVs were found localized within the cytoplasm of BeWo choriocarcinoma cells, used to model trophoblasts in vitro. Exposure to exercise-associated sEVs did not significantly alter BeWo cell proliferation, gene expression of angiogenic growth factors VEGF and PLGF, or the release of the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin. The results from this pilot study support that exercise-associated sEVs could interact with trophoblasts in vitro, and warrant further investigation to reveal their potential role in communicating the effects of exercise to the maternal–fetal interface.
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- 2023
29. SmartMoms Canada: An evaluation of a mobile app intervention to support a healthy pregnancy
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Kristi B, Adamo, Kevin, Semeniuk, Danilo F, da Silva, Sara C S, Souza, Jean-Patrice, Baillargeon, Leanne M, Redman, Helena, Piccinini-Vallis, Garry X, Shen, and Kara, Nerenberg
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Pharmacology (medical) ,General Medicine - Abstract
There is a lack of cost-effective and readily available access to evidence-based information to manage healthy behaviours for pregnant individuals. Mobile health (mHealth) tools offer a cost-effective, interactive, personalized option that can be delivered anywhere at a time most convenient for the user. This study protocol was primarily developed to i) assess the feasibility of the SmartMoms Canada intervention in supporting participants to achieve gestational weight gain (GWG) guidelines. The secondary objectives are to: ii) assess user experience with the app, measured by adherence to the program via app software metrics and frequency of use; iii) determine the impact of SmartMoms Canada app usage on the adoption of healthful behaviours related to nutrition, physical activity and sleep habits, improvements in health-related quality of life, pregnancy-related complications, and symptoms of depression, and iv) investigate the potential extended effects of the app on postpartum health-related outcomes.This is a feasibility trial. Pregnant individuals aged 18-40 years with pre-gravid body mass index between 18.5 and 39.9 kg/mSmartMoms Canada is the first bilingual Canadian-centric app designed for pregnant people. This mHealth intervention, with its ability to supply frequent interactions, provides pregnancy- related health knowledge to users, potentially leading to an improvement in pregnancy-related outcomes and behaviours, and, ultimately a reduction in the present economic burden related to in-person interventions.ISRCTN, ISRCTN16254958. Registered 20 December 2019, http://www.isrctn.com/ ISRCTN16254958.
- Published
- 2023
30. L’obésité chez l’adulte : ligne directrice de pratique clinique
- Author
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Leah Walker, Megha Poddar, Sanjeev Sockalingam, Christian F. Rueda-Clausen, Sean Wharton, Michael E. Green, Kristi B. Adamo, Sue Pedersen, Denis Prud’homme, Michel Gagner, Ian Patton, Angela S. Alberga, Dennis Hong, Laurie Twells, Raed Hawa, Marie-France Langlois, Ellen L. Toth, Mary Forhan, Ian Janssen, Marie-Philippe Morin, Cindy Grand, Dennis Divalentino, Carol Clarke, Margaret Hahn, Denise Campbell-Scherer, Carlene Johnson-Stoklossa, Priya Manjoo, Jennifer L. Kuk, John L. Sievenpiper, Leen Naji, Elaine Boyling, Pam Hung, Judy Shiau, Kara Nerenberg, David C.W. Lau, Scott Lear, Shelly Russell-Mayhew, Diana Sherifali, Jennifer Brown, Laurent Biertho, Leticia Pereira, Sonja Wicklum, Michael Vallis, Ashley McInnes, Richard Tytus, Rita Henderson, David Macklin, Yoni Freedhoff, Helena Piccinini-Vallis, Amy Kemp, Kristen Jacklin, Normand G. Boulé, Stephen Glazer, Ximena Ramos Salas, Shahebina Walji, Betty Calam, Arya M. Sharma, Rhonda Bell, Lindsay Crowshoe, Valerie H. Taylor, Paul Poirier, and Sara F. L. Kirk
- Subjects
Gynecology ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine.medical_specialty ,0302 clinical medicine ,Ligne Directrice ,business.industry ,medicine ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,030212 general & internal medicine ,General Medicine ,business - Abstract
POINTS CLES L’obesite est une maladie chronique complexe dans laquelle la graisse corporelle anormale ou excessive (adiposite) nuit a la sante, augmente le risque de complications medicales a long terme et reduit la duree de vie[1][1]. Les etudes epidemiologiques definissent l’obe
- Published
- 2020
31. Summarizing recommendations to eliminate weight stigma in prenatal health care settings: A scoping review
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Kristi B. Adamo, Rebecca H. Liu, Jocelynn L. Cook, Taniya S Nagpal, and Laura Gaudet
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Attitude of Health Personnel ,Health Personnel ,Social Stigma ,MEDLINE ,CINAHL ,Prenatal care ,PsycINFO ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,Health care ,Humans ,Medicine ,Obesity ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Quality of Health Care ,Stereotyping ,business.industry ,030503 health policy & services ,Body Weight ,Sensitivity training ,Prenatal Care ,Professional-Patient Relations ,General Medicine ,Overweight ,medicine.disease ,Family medicine ,Weight stigma ,Female ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Prejudice - Abstract
Objective As the prevalence of obesity increases, more women are at risk of potentially experiencing weight stigma in prenatal health care settings. The objective of this scoping review was to summarize the primary literature assessing potential causes of weight stigma in prenatal health care settings and synthesize recommendations for health care providers to improve clinical practice. Methods A search strategy was developed combining the terms pregnancy, weight stigma, obesity, and prenatal care. A systematic search was completed in the following databases: Medline, EMBASE, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Opengrey, and Proquest. Results Eighteen resources were included in this review, of which 17 were qualitative, and one was a mixed-methods study design. Weight stigma occurred in prenatal health care settings when providers: avoided weight-related discussions, assumed lifestyle behaviors, and had poor communication when discussing risks associated with obesity. Recommendations to prevent weight stigma included: offering sensitivity training to discuss obesity during pregnancy, implementing a patient-centred approach, including evaluating individual health behaviors, and providing educational resources to patients explaining potential risks and referrals. Conclusion This review summarizes recommendations to eliminate weight stigma in prenatal health care settings. Practice implications These recommendations can be implemented in clinical practice and can improve the delivery of prenatal care.
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- 2020
32. 263P Clinical outcomes in patients with germline pathogenic variants in homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) and endocrine therapy (ET)
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A. Rodriguez Hernandez, O. Martinez Saez, F. Brasó-Maristany, B. Pastor, M. Potrony, L. Moreno, E. Grau, J.A. Puig-Butille, A. Sánchez, F. Schettini, B. Conte, N. Chic, M.J. Vidal Losada, M. Munoz, F. Balaguer, A. Prat, and B. Adamo
- Subjects
Oncology ,Hematology - Published
- 2022
33. 125P Assessing the accuracy of multiple prognostic scores for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in patients with advanced solid tumors
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J. Garcia-Corbacho, A. Indacochea, A. Gonzalez, I. Victoria Ruiz, D. Moreno Fernández, D.S. Pesantez Coronel, L. Angelats, A. Modrego, E. Sanfeliu Torres, O. Castillo, P. Blasco, L. Mezquita, N. Vinolas Segarra, M. Nogue Aliguer, B. Adamo, N. Baste Rotllan, T. Sauri Nadal, M. Juan, A. Prat, and F. Schettini
- Subjects
Oncology ,Hematology - Published
- 2022
34. The short-term effect of a mHealth intervention on gestational weight gain and health behaviors: The SmartMoms Canada pilot study
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Sara C.S. Souza, Danilo F. da Silva, Taniya S. Nagpal, Kevin Semeniuk, Zachary M. Ferraro, Leanne Redman, Garry X. Shen, and Kristi B. Adamo
- Subjects
Pregnancy Complications ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Pregnancy ,Health Behavior ,Humans ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Female ,Pilot Projects ,Weight Gain ,Gestational Weight Gain ,Telemedicine ,Body Mass Index - Abstract
Gestational weight gain (GWG) has been shown to impact several maternal-infant outcomes. Since healthcare provider guidance on weight gain and healthy behaviors alone has failed to help women to meet guidelines during pregnancy, a practical adjunctive approach is to deliver evidence-based behavior change programs through mobile interventions. The present study aimed to assess the short-term effect of the SmartMoms Canada app to promote adequate GWG and healthy behaviors. Twenty-nine pregnant women were recruited in this app-based intervention trial to test whether a higher app usage (≥ 3.8 min·weeksup-1/sup) between 12-20 gestational weeks and 24-28 gestational weeks improved GWG, diet, physical activity, and sleep, compared to women with a lower app usage (lt; 3.8 min·weeksup-1/sup). Two-way mixed ANOVA for repeated measures was used to estimate the effect of the app usage and time, as well as their interaction on GWG and healthy behaviors. The likelihood ratio was used to examine the association between app usage categorization and GWG classification. Cramer's V statistic was used to estimate the effect size for interpretation of the association. Pregnant women using the SmartMoms Canada app more frequently had a higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) daily average when compared with women with a lower usage (mean difference: 17.84 min/day, 95% CI: 2.44; 33.25). A moderate effect size (28.6% vs. 15.4%; Cramer's V = 0.212) was found for the association between app categorization and rate of GWG, representing a greater adherence to the GWG guidelines in women in the higher app usage group vs. the lower app usage group. Considering other physical activity, diet, and sleep variables, no app categorization effect was observed. A short-term higher usage of SmartMoms Canada app has a positive effect on objectively-measured MVPA.
- Published
- 2022
35. Linear and Machine Learning modelling for spatiotemporal disease predictions: Force-of-Infection of Chagas disease
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Julia Ledien, Zulma M. Cucunubá, Gabriel Parra-Henao, Eliana Rodríguez-Monguí, Andrew P. Dobson, Susana B. Adamo, María-Gloria Basáñez, and Pierre Nouvellet
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Machine Learning ,Infectious Diseases ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Linear Models ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Chagas Disease ,Colombia - Abstract
Background Chagas disease is a long-lasting disease with a prolonged asymptomatic period. Cumulative indices of infection such as prevalence do not shed light on the current epidemiological situation, as they integrate infection over long periods. Instead, metrics such as the Force-of-Infection (FoI) provide information about the rate at which susceptible people become infected and permit sharper inference about temporal changes in infection rates. FoI is estimated by fitting (catalytic) models to available age-stratified serological (ground-truth) data. Predictive FoI modelling frameworks are then used to understand spatial and temporal trends indicative of heterogeneity in transmission and changes effected by control interventions. Ideally, these frameworks should be able to propagate uncertainty and handle spatiotemporal issues. Methodology/principal findings We compare three methods in their ability to propagate uncertainty and provide reliable estimates of FoI for Chagas disease in Colombia as a case study: two Machine Learning (ML) methods (Boosted Regression Trees (BRT) and Random Forest (RF)), and a Linear Model (LM) framework that we had developed previously. Our analyses show consistent results between the three modelling methods under scrutiny. The predictors (explanatory variables) selected, as well as the location of the most uncertain FoI values, were coherent across frameworks. RF was faster than BRT and LM, and provided estimates with fewer extreme values when extrapolating to areas where no ground-truth data were available. However, BRT and RF were less efficient at propagating uncertainty. Conclusions/significance The choice of FoI predictive models will depend on the objectives of the analysis. ML methods will help characterise the mean behaviour of the estimates, while LM will provide insight into the uncertainty surrounding such estimates. Our approach can be extended to the modelling of FoI patterns in other Chagas disease-endemic countries and to other infectious diseases for which serosurveys are regularly conducted for surveillance.
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- 2022
36. Thinking ahead: Brazilian healthcare providers also need culturally relevant tools to communicate gestational weight gain recommendations
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Sara CS Souza, Danilo F da Silva, Helena Piccinini-Vallis, Taniya S Nagpal, Ana C Paludo, Verônica V Mattes, Ximena R Salas, and Kristi B Adamo
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Nutrition and Dietetics ,Health Personnel ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Humans ,Weight Gain ,Brazil ,Gestational Weight Gain - Published
- 2022
37. Change in pre- and in-service early childhood educators’ knowledge, self-efficacy, and intentions following an e-learning course in physical activity and sedentary behaviour: a pilot study
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Brianne A. Bruijns, Leigh M. Vanderloo, Andrew M. Johnson, Kristi B. Adamo, Shauna M. Burke, Valerie Carson, Rachel Heydon, Jennifer D. Irwin, Patti-Jean Naylor, Brian W. Timmons, and Patricia Tucker
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Canada ,Early childhood education ,Physical activity ,Childcare ,Research ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Pilot Projects ,Intention ,Sedentary behaviour ,E-learning ,Self Efficacy ,Child, Preschool ,Humans ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,Sedentary Behavior ,Child ,Self-efficacy ,Exercise ,Computer-Assisted Instruction - Abstract
BackgroundEarly childhood educators (ECEs) are the primary daytime role models for many young children, and are responsible for facilitating physical activity (PA) opportunities and minimizing sedentary behaviour (SB) in childcare. However, they have reportedly received little related education in their pre-service training. The purpose of the Training pre-service EArly CHildhood educators in physical activity (TEACH) pilot study was to explore changes in pre- and in-service ECEs’ knowledge, self-efficacy, behavioural intention, and perceived behavioural control following the TEACH e-Learning course in PA and SB.MethodsPre-service ECEs were purposefully recruited from three Canadian colleges, while in-service ECEs were recruited via social media. A pre-post study design was used. ECEs completed two online surveys; one prior to, and one immediately following the completion of the TEACH e-Learning course (~ 5 h). Descriptive statistics were reported, and McNemar Chi-Square tests and paired samplest-tests were used to examine changes in ECEs’ question-specific, and total knowledge scores, respectively. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks tests were employed to examine changes in self-efficacy, behavioural intention, and perceived behavioural control.ResultsBoth pre- (n = 32) and in-service (n = 121) ECEs significantly increased their total knowledge scores from pre- to post-course completion (p p p p ConclusionsThese findings provide preliminary evidence of the potential efficacy of the e-Learning course at improving ECEs’ knowledge, self-efficacy, behavioural intention, and perceived behavioural control to support PA and minimize SB in childcare. Following the success of the pilot study, testing the effectiveness of the TEACH e-Learning course on a larger scale, with a comparison group, is warranted prior to recommending broader dissemination of the training in pre-service ECE programs and for in-service ECE professional learning.
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- 2022
38. Training Pre-Service Early Childhood Educators in Physical Activity (TEACH): Protocol for a Quasi-Experimental Study
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Patricia Tucker, Brianne A. Bruijns, Kristi B. Adamo, Shauna M. Burke, Valerie Carson, Rachel Heydon, Jennifer D. Irwin, Andrew M. Johnson, Patti-Jean Naylor, Brian W. Timmons, and Leigh M. Vanderloo
- Subjects
Canada ,Physical activity ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Sedentary behaviour ,Self Efficacy ,E-Learning ,Early childhood educator ,Child, Preschool ,Humans ,Child Care ,Sedentary Behavior ,Child ,Exercise - Abstract
Background: Early childhood educators (ECEs) influence young children’s early uptake of positive health behaviours in childcare settings and serve as important daytime role models. As such, it is imperative that post-secondary early childhood education programs provide students with the foundational knowledge and professional training required to confidently facilitate quality active play opportunities for young children. The primary objective of the Training pre-service EArly CHildhood educators in physical activity (TEACH) study is to develop and implement an e-Learning course in physical activity and sedentary behaviour to facilitate improvements in: pre-service ECEs’ self-efficacy and knowledge to lead physical activity and outdoor play opportunities and minimize sedentary behaviours in childcare. This study will also explore pre-service ECEs’ behavioural intention and perceived control to promote physical activity and outdoor play, and minimize sedentary behaviour in childcare, and the implementation of the e-Learning course. Methods/Design: A mixed-methods quasi-experimental design with three data collection time points (baseline, post-course completion, 3-month follow-up) will be employed to test the e-Learning course in early childhood education programs (n = 18; 9 experimental, 9 comparison) across Canada. Pre-service ECEs enrolled in colleges/universities assigned to the experimental group will be required to complete a 4-module e-Learning course, while programs in the comparison group will maintain their typical curriculum. Pre-service ECEs’ self-efficacy, knowledge, as well as behavioural intention and perceived behavioural control will be assessed via online surveys and module completion rates will be documented using website metrics. Group differences across timepoints will be assessed using linear mixed effects modelling and common themes will be identified through thematic analysis. Discussion: The TEACH study represents a novel, evidence-informed approach to address the existing gap in physical activity and sedentary behaviour-related education in Canadian post-secondary early childhood education programs. Moreover, e-Learning platforms, can be employed as an innovative, standardized, and scalable way to provide ECEs with consistent training across jurisdictions.
- Published
- 2022
39. The Effect of Maternal Physical Activity and Gestational Weight Gain on Placental Efficiency
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Taniya S Nagpal, Danilo Fernandes da Silva, Shuhiba Mohammad, Kristi B. Adamo, Sara C S Souza, Catherine Everest, Laura Gaudet, and Jayonta Bhattacharjee
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Placenta ,Pregnancy Trimester, Third ,Birth weight ,Physical activity ,Guidelines as Topic ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,Accelerometry ,medicine ,Birth Weight ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Exercise ,Maternal-Fetal Exchange ,Analysis of Variance ,Surrogate endpoint ,business.industry ,Obstetrics ,Organ Size ,030229 sport sciences ,medicine.disease ,Gestational Weight Gain ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Pregnancy Trimester, Second ,Gestation ,Female ,Analysis of variance ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Weight gain - Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adherence to physical activity (PA) and gestational weight gain (GWG) recommendations during pregnancy has been shown to improve maternal and fetal health outcomes, including reducing the risk for chronic diseases. Limited research has evaluated the effect of meeting PA in combination with GWG recommendations on placental efficiency (Pl-E), a surrogate marker of the placenta's ability to exchange nutrients and gas based on surface area. The purpose of this study was to measure and compare Pl-E based on meeting PA and GWG recommendations. METHOD Healthy pregnant women (n = 61) wore accelerometers in their second and third trimesters to objectively measure PA. Women were classified as active or inactive at each time point based on meeting the 2019 Canadian prenatal PA guidelines. Total GWG was calculated as weight measured in the third trimester minus self-reported prepregnancy weight, and were categorized as insufficient (n = 19), adequate (n = 22), and excessive (n = 20) according to the 2009 Institute of Medicine guidelines. Placental weight (PW) and birth weight (BW) were measured within 30 min of delivery and 24-48 h postdelivery, respectively. Pl-E was determined in three ways: BW:PW ratio, residual BW, and measured BW, with a higher value indicating better Pl-E. Pl-E was compared by PA and GWG status using a two-way ANOVA. RESULTS No differences were found in the BW:PW ratio or residual BW corresponding to PA and GWG status. Measured BW was significantly higher in newborns of women who gained weight excessively compared with those who gained insufficient weight (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that prenatal PA does not compromise Pl-E; however, further research is required to evaluate the potential mechanistic benefits of meeting PA and GWG guidelines on the placenta.
- Published
- 2020
40. Early childhood education candidates’ perspectives of their importance and responsibility for promoting physical activity and minimizing screen-viewing opportunities in childcare
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Brianne A. Bruijns, Patricia Tucker, Jennifer D. Irwin, Valerie Carson, Shauna M. Burke, Leigh M. Vanderloo, Patti-Jean Naylor, Kristi B. Adamo, and Brian W. Timmons
- Subjects
Early childhood education ,Screen viewing ,05 social sciences ,Physical activity ,050301 education ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychology ,0503 education ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,Education ,Developmental psychology - Abstract
Educators strongly influence young children’s behaviors, and their perspectives regarding physical activity (PA) and screen-viewing (SV) may influence their provision in childcare. This study gathe...
- Published
- 2020
41. Obesity in adults: a clinical practice guideline
- Author
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Kristen Jacklin, Leah Walker, Michael E. Green, Stephen Glazer, Betty Calam, Kristi B. Adamo, Valerie H. Taylor, Denis Prud'homme, Lindsay Crowshoe, Richard Tytus, Michel Gagner, Paul Poirier, Angela S. Alberga, Jennifer L. Kuk, Elaine Boyling, Dennis Divalentino, Cindy Grand, Scott Lear, Laurie Twells, Raed Hawa, Carol Clarke, Judy Shiau, David Macklin, Yoni Freedhoff, Megha Poddar, Helena Piccinini-Vallis, Normand G. Boulé, Leticia Pereira, Priya Manjoo, Pam Hung, Sara F. L. Kirk, Ian Patton, Shelly Russell-Mayhew, Arya M. Sharma, Rhonda Bell, Diana Sherifali, Shahebina Walji, David C.W. Lau, Mary Forhan, Sonja Wicklum, Sanjeev Sockalingam, Sue Pedersen, Dennis Hong, Laurent Biertho, Marie-France Langlois, Ellen L. Toth, Kara Nerenberg, Michael Vallis, Ian Janssen, Ashley McInnes, Rita Henderson, Amy Kemp, Jennifer Brown, Ximena Ramos Salas, Margaret Hahn, Denise Campbell-Scherer, Leen Naji, Sean Wharton, John L. Sievenpiper, Marie-Philippe Morin, Christian F. Rueda-Clausen, and Carlene Johnson-Stoklossa
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Canada ,Pregnancy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Primary Health Care ,business.industry ,MEDLINE ,General Medicine ,Guideline ,medicine.disease ,Obesity ,Body Mass Index ,Clinical Practice ,Chronic disease ,Humans ,Medicine ,Female ,Letters ,business ,Intensive care medicine ,Body mass index - Abstract
KEY POINTS Obesity is a complex chronic disease in which abnormal or excess body fat (adiposity) impairs health, increases the risk of long-term medical complications and reduces lifespan.[1][1] Epidemiologic studies define obesity using the body mass index (BMI; weight/height2), which can stratify
- Published
- 2020
42. The effects of intervening with physical activity in the early years (ages 3–5) on health-related quality of life: a secondary analysis of the Activity Begins in Childhood (ABC) trial
- Author
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Sara C S Souza, Danilo Fernandes da Silva, Patti-Jean Naylor, Patricia Burhunduli, Kristi B. Adamo, Rebecca H. Liu, Taniya S Nagpal, and Gary S. Goldfield
- Subjects
Health related quality of life ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Public health ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Psychological intervention ,Physical activity ,030229 sport sciences ,Confidence interval ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Physical therapy ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business ,Psychosocial - Abstract
Limited research has measured the effect of physical activity (PA) interventions on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among pre-school-aged children. This study evaluates the effect of the Activity Begins in Childhood (ABC) cluster-randomized controlled trial designed to increase PA in the ages 3–5 years on HRQoL. This was a cluster-randomized controlled trial where the intervention group included PA education delivered to daycare providers only, or daycare providers and parents. In the current study, the two PA intervention groups were combined. The comparator group received standard daycare curriculum (COM). A total of 215 children were included (PA n = 161, COM n = 54). Parents completed the proxy Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Generic Core Scale (PedsQL™ 4.0) to measure HRQoL at baseline and the end of the 6-month trial. HRQoL scores were analyzed as physical, psychosocial, and total domains. Baseline and 6-months measurements were compared for PA and COM groups, and mean changes in scores (95% confidence intervals) were measured using absolute values. No between-group differences were observed for the physical (p = 0.17), psychosocial (p = 0.95) or total scores (p = 0.20). Paired comparisons showed that only the PA group improved psychosocial- (PA mean difference = 2.18 (0.20, 4.15), p = 0.03; COM mean difference = 2.05 (− 1.03, 5.13), p = 0.19) and total-HRQoL scores (PA mean difference = 2.83 (1.83, 3.84), p
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- 2020
43. Physical Activity During Pregnancy Is Associated with Increased Placental FATP4 Protein Expression
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Macyn L Leung, Nhung H. Vuong, Catherine Everest, Kelly Ann Hutchinson, Shuhiba Mohammad, Jayonta Bhattacharjee, and Kristi B. Adamo
- Subjects
Adult ,0301 basic medicine ,Amino Acid Transport System A ,Placenta ,Physiology ,Cell Line ,Fetal Development ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,medicine ,Humans ,Exercise ,reproductive and urinary physiology ,Glucose Transporter Type 1 ,Fetus ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,biology ,business.industry ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Trophoblast ,Metabolism ,Fatty Acid Transport Proteins ,medicine.disease ,Trophoblasts ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,In utero ,embryonic structures ,biology.protein ,Female ,GLUT1 ,business - Abstract
Placental function is of utmost importance to ensure proper fetal development in utero. Among the placenta's many roles includes the passage of sufficient macronutrients, such as glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids, to the fetus. Macronutrients are carried from maternal circulation to the fetus across transporters within the placenta. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of (i) an acute bout of exercise and (ii) chronic exercise participation on placenta nutrient transporter expression and localization. To investigate the effect of acute exercise, pre- and post-exercise serum was collected from pregnant (n = 5) and non-pregnant (n = 5) women who underwent a moderate-intensity exercise session and used to treat BeWo cells. To assess chronic physical activity, we analyzed term placenta from women categorized as active (n = 10) versus non-active (n = 10). Protein expression and localization for the transporters GLUT1, SNAT1, and FATP4 were examined for both groups. GLUT1 expression in BeWo cells treated with serum from pregnant women was higher compared with that from non-pregnant, independent of exercise. FATP4 protein expression was elevated in the term placenta of active women. Immunohistochemistry analysis of term placenta illustrated increased staining of FATP4 in placental tissue from active women and differential staining pattern of GLUT1 depending on physical activity status. Chronic exercise during pregnancy increases the expression of placental FATP4 in vivo, suggesting greater metabolism and usage of fatty acids. Additionally, serum from pregnant women could contain factors that increase GLUT1 protein expression in vitro. BeWo cells treated with pre- and post-exercise serum from pregnant women resulted in greater GLUT1 expression compared with those treated with pre- and post-exercise serum from non-pregnant women. Physical activity appears to differentially impact key placental transporters involved in the transfer and availability of nutrients from mother to fetus. Future research ought to examine the mechanisms involved in regulating these changes and their impact on fetal growth and health.
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- 2020
44. Greater energy demand of exercise during pregnancy does not impact mechanical efficiency
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Kristi B. Adamo, Danilo Fernandes da Silva, Pegah Akbari, Kathryn M. Denize, and Francois Haman
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Physiology ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Physical activity ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Heart Rate ,Pregnancy ,Physiology (medical) ,Humans ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Exercise ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Energy demand ,business.industry ,030229 sport sciences ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Biomechanical Phenomena ,Case-Control Studies ,Physical therapy ,Female ,Energy Metabolism ,business - Abstract
Pregnant women are recommended to engage in 150 min of moderate-intensity physical activity per week to reduce pregnancy complications. Many women struggle to remain physically active throughout pregnancy, and there is no consensus about whether women adopt a less efficient movement pattern as they progress through pregnancy and experience gestational weight gain. This study assessed the change in energy expenditure and mechanical efficiency in pregnant women (PREG; n = 10) when performing a walking treadmill task in early, mid, and late pregnancy and also compared with an age- and body mass index-matched, nonpregnant (CON; n = 10) group. On average, the PREG group gained within the Institute of Medicine’s gestational weight gain guidelines (11.6 ± 3.6 kg) and were all inactive (measured using accelerometry), except for 1 participant, by the third trimester, as per the 2019 Canadian physical activity guidelines for pregnant women. Energy expended to complete the walking task increased throughout pregnancy and was higher than the controls (111.5 ± 24.6 kcal) in mid and late pregnancy (139.0 ± 22.2 kcal, p = 0.02, and 147.3 ± 24.6 kcal, p = 0.005, respectively), but not early pregnancy (129.9 ± 18.9 kcal, p = 0.08). Walking mechanical efficiency was similar within pregnant women at each time point and compared to nonpregnant controls. Our findings add to the growing body of evidence demonstrating that pregnant women can safely perform physical activity by showing that walking mechanical efficiency is unchanged at low to moderate intensities. Novelty Energy demand during exercise increases proportionally to weight gain across pregnancy trimesters. However, mechanical efficiency remains unchanged during low- to moderate-intensity walking.
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- 2020
45. Sedentary Time and Physical Activity Associations Between Child Care Educators and Children
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Nancy Ogden, Stephen Hunter, Anthony D. Okely, Madison Predy, Gary S. Goldfield, Nicholas Kuzik, Valerie Carson, Mitchell Crozier, and Kristi B. Adamo
- Subjects
Male ,Total physical activity ,Canada ,Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Epidemiology ,Cross-sectional study ,Physical activity ,Child Behavior ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Accelerometry ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child Care ,0101 mathematics ,Exercise ,Health Education ,Sedentary time ,Child care ,business.industry ,010102 general mathematics ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Infant ,Child Day Care Centers ,Time data ,Faculty ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Multicenter study ,Child, Preschool ,Linear Models ,Physical therapy ,Female ,Health education ,Sedentary Behavior ,business - Abstract
Introduction This study examines the associations between objectively measured sedentary time and physical activity among child care educators and children in their direct care and aims to determine if the associations differed between toddlers (aged 19–35 months) and preschoolers (aged 36–60 months). Methods The participants were educators and children from 19 child care centers in Edmonton and Ottawa, Canada, as part of the Supporting Healthy Active Child Care Settings study. Sedentary time, light-intensity physical activity, and moderate to vigorous–intensity physical activity during child care were measured with accelerometers in 2017–2018. Nap time data were removed for children and educators based on room schedules. Children were matched with the main educator in their room that had the highest total physical activity, resulting in 187 children and 38 educators. Multilevel linear regression models with interaction terms were conducted in 2019. Results Children engaged in 30.0, 23.1, and 6.9 minutes per hour of sedentary time, light-intensity physical activity, and moderate to vigorous–intensity physical activity, respectively. Educators engaged in 33.5, 23.6, and 2.9 minutes per hour of sedentary time, light-intensity physical activity, and moderate to vigorous–intensity physical activity, respectively. No significant interactions were observed, so age-stratified analyses were not conducted. Each additional 5 minutes per hour of educator sedentary time was significantly associated with 0.5 minutes per hour lower child moderate to vigorous–intensity physical activity. Each additional 5 minutes per hour of educator moderate to vigorous–intensity physical activity was significantly associated with 1.3 minutes per hour higher child moderate to vigorous–intensity physical activity. No other significant observations were observed. Conclusions The educators’ sedentary time and moderate to vigorous–intensity physical activity may have a small but potentially meaningful influence on children's moderate to vigorous–intensity physical activity because educators directly care for multiple children. Targeting these educator behaviors may be one strategy to increase children's moderate to vigorous–intensity physical activity during child care.
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- 2020
46. Determination of minimal recording period to assess resting heart rate variability during pregnancy
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Kristi B. Adamo, Danilo Fernandes da Silva, Kelly Ann Hutchinson, and Shuhiba Mohammad
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pregnancy ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Physiology ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Period (gene) ,030229 sport sciences ,General Medicine ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medicine.disease ,RESTING HEART RATE ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Heart Rate ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,Cardiology ,Humans ,Medicine ,Female ,business ,Monitoring, Physiologic - Abstract
Traditionally, resting heart rate variability (rHRV) is measured for 10 min using the last 5 min for analyses (e.g., criterion period). It is unknown whether the measurement period can be shortened in pregnant women as there are currently no established standards. We aimed to compare shorter time segments (e.g., from the 1st to 10th minutes) of the parasympathetic index natural logarithm transformation of root mean square of successive R–R differences (Ln rMSSD) with the criterion period in pregnant and nonpregnant women. Twelve pregnant (age: 30.8 ± 3.4 years; gestational age: 20.1 ± 5.0 weeks) and 15 nonpregnant women (age: 29.8 ± 4.0 years) were included. rHRV was measured using a portable heart rate monitor for 10 min while sitting. Ln rMSSD difference/agreement between shorter time segments and criterion period was analyzed. The result observed between the 4th–5th minutes was the shortest time segment not different from/highly agreed with the criterion period in pregnant women (difference [95% confidence interval (CI)]: −0.10 [−0.22 to 0.02]/bias ± 1.96 × SD: −0.06 [−0.38 to 0.25]). In nonpregnant women, the 2nd–3rd-minute segment was the shortest with similar results (difference [95% CI]: −0.04 [−0.15 to 0.07]/bias ± 1.96 × SD: −0.03 [−0.39 to 0.32]). The Ln rMSSD was found to be stable from the 5th–10th minutes and the 3rd–10th minutes in pregnant and nonpregnant women, respectively. A shortened rHRV assessment can increase its applicability in clinical/exercise-training settings.Novelty Ln rMSSD can be measured for 5 min in pregnant women, with the last 1-min segment analyzed. The last 1-min segment from 3 min can be used for rHRV measurement in nonpregnant women. The shortened rHRV assessment can facilitate its applicability in clinical/exercise-training settings.
- Published
- 2020
47. Gestational weight gain counselling gaps as perceived by pregnant women and new mothers: Findings from the electronic maternal health survey
- Author
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Ashley Weeks, Raywat Deonandan, Lyra Halili, Rebecca H. Liu, and Kristi B. Adamo
- Subjects
Adult ,Counseling ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Health Personnel ,Maternal Health ,Mothers ,Prenatal care ,Institute of medicine ,Body Mass Index ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,Maternity and Midwifery ,Health care ,Humans ,Medicine ,Maternal health ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,030504 nursing ,business.industry ,Communication ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Prenatal Care ,Professional-Patient Relations ,Fetal health ,medicine.disease ,Health Surveys ,Gestational Weight Gain ,United States ,3. Good health ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Family medicine ,Gestation ,Female ,Pregnant Women ,medicine.symptom ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Weight gain - Abstract
Problem Too much or too little gestational weight gain (GWG) can negatively impact maternal and fetal health, according to Institute of Medicine Guidelines. Background Health care providers are key players in providing reliable evidence-informed prenatal advice related to appropriate GWG. However, there appears to be inconsistent GWG communication among healthcare providers during prenatal care. Aim To determine pregnant women and new mothers’ perceptions of healthcare provider GWG and dietary counselling during the pregnancy period. Methods A reliable and validated cross-sectional electronic survey was administered to currently pregnant women and women who had recently given birth. The web-based questionnaire was self-administered and took 10–25 min. Findings A total of 1507 eligible women participated in the survey. More than half (57%) reported that their healthcare provider talked to them about personal weight gain limits. Of these participants, about a third (34%) of participants were counselled regularly at each or most visits. Among the women that were not counselled on personal GWG limits, over half (56%) reported that healthcare provider guidance would have been helpful to achieve their target weight. Less than half (45%) of participants reported that their healthcare providers discussed dietary requirements or changes in pregnancy. Discussion These findings highlight areas for improvement in prenatal dialogue, which can support better outcomes for both mother and baby. Conclusion A better understanding of pregnant and mothers’ perceptions about weight and diet counselling is needed to understand what may need greater attention and clarification and to improve such dialogue.
- Published
- 2020
48. People and Pixels 20 years later: the current data landscape and research trends blending population and environmental data
- Author
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Beth Tellman, Andrea E. Gaughan, Tracy A. Kugler, Christoph Aubrecht, Ryan Engstrom, Andrew J. Tatem, Guido Cervone, David Van Riper, David Wrathall, Jamon Van Den Hoek, Carolynne Hultquist, Susana B. Adamo, Forrest R. Stevens, Catherine Linard, Emilio F. Moran, Douglas C. Comer, Alex de Sherbinin, and Kathryn Grace
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education.field_of_study ,Population data ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Land use ,business.industry ,Mobile device data ,Population ,Environmental resource management ,Land cover ,Remote sensing ,010501 environmental sciences ,Environmental Science (miscellaneous) ,01 natural sciences ,Hazard ,Environmental data ,Geography ,Cyberinfrastructure ,Sustainability ,Famine ,Data integration ,Human dimensions of global change ,education ,business ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Demography - Abstract
In 1998, the National Research Council published People and Pixels: Linking Remote Sensing and Social Science. The volume focused on emerging research linking changes in human populations and land use/land cover to shed light on issues of sustainability, human livelihoods, and conservation, and led to practical innovations in agricultural planning, hazard impact analysis, and drought monitoring. Since then, new research opportunities have emerged thanks to the growing variety of remotely sensed data sources, an increasing array of georeferenced social science data, including data from mobile devices, and access to powerful computation cyberinfrastructure. In this article, we outline the key extensions of the People and Pixels foundation since 1998 and highlight several breakthroughs in research on human–environment interactions. We also identify pressing research problems—disaster, famine, drought, war, poverty, climate change—and explore how interdisciplinary approaches integrating people and pixels are being used to address them.
- Published
- 2019
49. APPLICATION OF WATER BEADS AS A NOVEL AND SIMPLE SORBENT FOR SMARTPHONE-BASED COLORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF IRON IN WATER
- Author
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Ayandra Jungera, Cristina B. Adamo, and Dosil Pereira de Jesus
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congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities ,Materials science ,Sorbent ,Chromatography ,superabsorbent polymer ,Chemistry ,digital image ,Simple (abstract algebra) ,cardiovascular diseases ,sodium polyacrylate ,water bead ,QD1-999 ,colorimetric assay - Abstract
This work proposes a novel approach for colorimetric assays using ubiquitous and inexpensive water beads (WBs) made of a superabsorbent polymer (sodium polyacrylate). The high-water absorption capacity by the WBs was exploited for the preconcentration of iron ions from samples of tap, well, and lake waters. Moreover, the WBs also worked as a substrate for colorimetric detection of iron by the classical reaction of formation of Fe(II)-phenanthroline complex. Digital images acquired with a smartphone were used to obtain the color intensity of the WBs containing the orange color complex. The WBs were able to uptake and preconcentrate iron ions, allowing colorimetric detection with good linearity (R2 = 0.9978) and limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of 0.02 and 0.07 mg L-1, respectively. The proposed method provided recoveries ranging from 93 to 111% for a sample of well water spiked with 0.15 mg L-1 of iron.
- Published
- 2021
50. Groundswell Africa
- Author
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Bryan D. Jones, Susana B. Adamo, Nathalie E. Abu-Ata, Kanta Kumari Rigaud, and Alex de Sherbinin
- Subjects
Fishery ,Geography ,Deep dive - Published
- 2021
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