Author: "B R, Schlei" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Author: I. Ravinovich, N. N. Ajitanand, M. Rosati, F. Plasil, L. Paffrath, M. Velkovsky, S. S. Ryu, Z. Sun, A. A. Vinogradov, Henrik Tydesjö, A. Durum, Hiroyuki Sako, T. Ichihara, D. S. Brown, F. K. Wohn, T. K. Ghosh, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, Sean A. Kelly, A. G. Hansen, A. A. Tsvetkov, J. P. Sullivan, S. F. Pate, B. Khachaturov, D. Kochetkov, Y. H. Shin, Hideki Hamagaki, I. D. Ojha, M. Suzuki, J. Simon-Gillo, T. Peitzmann, G. David, Saskia Mioduszewski, T. L. Thomas, S. Esumi, R. E. Mischke, Tai Sakuma, X. He, V.A. Onuchin, A. Glenn, B. V. Dinesh, L. Aphecetche, V. Papavassiliou, P. L. McGaughey, S. H. Aronson, S. K. Tuli, H. Wang, Norio Saito, W. A. Zajc, P. Pitukhin, Ryugo S. Hayano, S. Markacs, Y. Riabov, Kenta Shigaki, S. Belikov, Yoshio Arai, V. Cianciolo, Yves Roland Schutz, C. Pinkenburg, P. D. Barnes, I. Shein, Joakim Nystrand, Shiv K. Gupta, P. J. Kroon, J. M. Burward-Hoy, V. S. Pantuev, Ju Hwan Kang, Y. Nakada, J. M. Heuser, J. Chiba, Shunji Nishimura, A. Franz, L. Kochenda, A. S. Nyanin, Sergey Fokin, Senta Greene, B. R. Schlei, E. M. Takagui, B. A. Cole, T. C. Sangster, S. N. White, S. Butsyk, G. C. Mishra, R. S. Towell, E. J. Desmond, C. P. Singh, Akira Masaike, S. S. Adler, G. S. Kyle, D. J. Lim, James Alexander, Kwang Souk Sim, J. H. Thomas, Takao Sakaguchi, Junji Tojo, K. Kurita, A. Ster, A. Hoover, I. Tserruya, C. L. Woody, Vladimir Samsonov, I. Otterlund, K. El Chenawi, R. Averbeck, Byung-Sik Hong, C. Klein-Boesing, I. G. Sibiriak, E. O'Brien, M. Hibino, Yu. Efremenko, A. Bazilevsky, M. J. Bennett, S. Garpman, O. Dietzsch, Minghui Liu, J.R. Mahon, M. Sivertz, A. P.T. Palounek, A. D. Frawley, N. Hayashi, V. Singh, J. S. Haggerty, S. Y. Kim, A. A. Rose, Alexandre Lebedev, D. S. Ho, R. A. Soltz, Dipanwita Dutta, Kenneth Francis Read, D. M. Lee, H. A. Gustafsson, F. Messer, D. E. Fields, Hiroaki Ohnishi, T. Ushiroda, W. W. Kinnison, M. J. Leitch, A. L. Godoi, S. T. Belyaev, An.A. Vorobyov, A. Denisov, S. Sawada, T. E. Miller, D. Koehler, Julia Velkovska, C. Y. Chi, B. V. Jacak, H. En'yo, L. Nikkinen, M. Grosse Perdekamp, H. Tsuruoka, T. A. Carey, E. P. Hartouni, Y. I. Makdisi, H. Hara, J. L. Nagle, S. C. Johnson, Y. J. Mao, S. S. Kapoor, T. Kohama, K. Ebisu, S. P. Stoll, M. S. Chung, H. Torii, X. Liu, S. Yokkaichi, L. L. Chavez, M. J. Kweon, H. Buesching, Y. J. Kwon, Viktor Riabov, I. E. Yushmanov, Alexei Khanzadeev, G. R. Young, K. Adcox, Susumu Sato, M. Muniruzzaman, M. Messer, A. Kozlov, C. Velissaris, R. Seto, Zhedong Zhang, Xingguo Li, M. Pollack, E. Vznuzdaev, V. Baublis, V. Bumazhnov, Hirohiko Sato, N. Bruner, M. J. Tannenbaum, E. Stenlund, T. C. Awes, P. Chand, Jun Kikuchi, S. P. Sorensen, Takehiko Matsumoto, Atsushi Taketani, E. Taniguchi, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, K. N. Barish, R. Santo, Martin Purschke, P. Steinberg, D. Bucher, Peter M. Nilsson, T. Shiina, F. G. Bellaiche, J. G. Lajoie, M. Ono, A. Kiyomichi, P. Chung, W. C. Chang, S. Kametani, Y. Watanabe, Z. Fraenkel, S. Nagamiya, Roy A. Lacey, K. Pope, K. S. Joo, Wei Xie, Dong Jo Kim, Yasushi Nagasaka, N. Starinsky, B. M. Johnson, A. Soldatov, M. L. Brooks, A. Deshpande, Alexander Milov, C. Witzig, D. P. Morrison, K. Imai, V. E. Semenov, M. Sugioka, T. Christ, Jason Newby, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, T. A. Shibata, J. Murata, W. Guryn, B. K. Nandi, Y. Akiba, S. K. Mark, David D'Enterria, R. P. Pisani, Nikolay Tyurin, German Martinez, Vladislav Manko, M. D. Marx, R. K. Choudhury, H. Delagrange, T. Chujo, K. Yagi, S. Zhou, Markus Merschmeyer, S. Bathe, Kensuke Homma, E. Melnikov, S. Chernichenko, B. Bassalleck, F. Mühlbacher, L. Ewell, J. Lauret, Aya Sakaguchi, Agneta Oskarsson, Y. Berdnikov, Lennart Osterman, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Klaus Johannes Reygers, V. Kochetkov, M. A. Volkov, J. Chang, C. A. Ogilvie, Yongsun Kim, P. W. Stankus, T. K. Hemmick, J. T. Mitchell, Yasuo Miake, H. W. Van Hecke, Zhongfan Liu, W. Y. Jang, G. Bunce, T. Ferdousi, H. J. Kim, Juergen Thomas, M. Ishihara, Athanasios Petridis, Y. Tanaka, T. K. Shea, F. Matathias, J. Barrette, M. Kann, Charles Maguire, S. Klinksiek, Y. Sumi, Wei Tian, A. Drees, Josh Moss, M. Tamai, E. Kistenev, Mikhail Ippolitov, S. Botelho, S. Y. Fung, John Hill, K. Oyama, Toru Sugitate, and Z. Li
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, General Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Multiplicity (mathematics), PHENIX detector, Nuclear Experiment, Particle density, Nucleon, Centrality, Charged particle, Multiplicity distribution
Abstract: We present results for the charged-particle multiplicity distribution at midrapidity in Au-Au collisions at square root of [s(NN)] = 130 GeV measured with the PHENIX detector at RHIC. For the 5% most central collisions we find dN(ch)/d eta(vertical line eta = 0) = 622+/-1(stat)+/-41(syst). The results, analyzed as a function of centrality, show a steady rise of the particle density per participating nucleon with centrality.
Published: 2001
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10. High density interconnect multi-chip module for the front-end electronics of the PHENIX/MVD

Author: J. Simon-Gillo, George Davey Smith, M.S. Emery, C.L. Britton, Miljko Bobrek, H. W. Van Hecke, B. R. Schlei, S. F. Hahn, J. P. Sullivan, G. R. Young, and A. Sun
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Interconnection, Materials science, business.industry, Multi-chip module, Electrical engineering, Integrated circuit, Radiation length, Die (integrated circuit), law.invention, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, law, visual_art, Nuclear electronics, Electronic component, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Electronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business
Abstract: A multi-chip module (MCM) based on High Density Interconnect (HDI) technology was developed for the front-end electronics of a high energy nuclear physics experiment to process charge pulses from silicon detectors. Stringent requirements in performance as well as low radiation length and minimum physical size of the module dictated the use of the most sophisticated MCM technology available. The module handles 256 input channels on an alumina substrate with milled cavities for die placements and four layers of thin-film traces of 42u width. A total of 20 custom integrated circuit chips and 98 passive components are assembled on a substrate of size 43 mm/spl times/48 mm. Various aspects of development efforts for the design and fabrication as well as the electrical test results of the module are discussed.
Published: 2000
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11. The PHENIX Multiplicity and Vertex Detector

Author: George Davey Smith, C. Y. Soon, Yongsun Kim, T. Shiina, S. F. Hahn, M. J. Bennett, R. Cunningham, Yoshiyuki Takahashi, J. Chang, Milton Nance Ericson, L. J. Marek, Jae-Suk Park, G. H. Xu, Sewha Kim, R. Conway, Miljko Bobrek, J. H. Kang, B. R. Schlei, J. P. Sullivan, J. G. Boissevain, H. W. Van Hecke, C.L. Britton, M.S. Emery, D. Jaffe, J. Simon-Gillo, G. Richardson, S. Y. Fung, J.A. Moore, and S. S. Ryu
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Vertex detector, Multiplicity (chemistry), PHENIX detector, Nuclear Experiment, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
Abstract: We describe the design and expected performance of the PHENIX Multiplicity and Vertex Detector (MVD) sub-system of the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC).
Published: 1999
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12. Simulations of the performance of the MVD in PHENIX

Author: B. R. Schlei, L. J. Marek, T. Shiina, Alan L. Wintenberg, G. Xu, N. Ericson, George Davey Smith, Michael L. Simpson, R. Conway, Sewha Kim, S. Y. Fung, D. Jaffe, Yoshiyuki Takahashi, G. Richardson, R. Seto, R. Cunningham, J. Chang, S. F. Hahn, R.E. Lind, Jaehyun Park, Yongsun Kim, H. W. Van Hecke, M.S. Emery, C.L. Britton, M. J. Bennett, J. H. Kang, T. Moore, J. G. Boissevain, J. P. Sullivan, S. S. Ryu, J.D. Bernardin, David Clark, J. Simon-Gillo, and K. McCabe
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Discriminator, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Multiplicity (mathematics), Particle accelerator, Charged particle, Particle identification, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, law, Nuclear electronics, Rapidity, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Abstract: The PHENIX Multiplicity Vertex Detector (MVD) provides event characterization, a centrality trigger, collision vertex position, and measures fluctuations in charged particle multiplicities. The design criteria include a large rapidity coverage, good azimuthal coverage and granularity, minimizing material in the electron arm acceptance, and minimizing costs. The MVD contains two concentric barrels of Si strip detectors with two disk-shaped Si pad detector endcaps. Simulations show that the vertex position can be located to within a few hundred microns using hits in the barrels. A channel multiplicity signal is formed for use in the Level-1 trigger. The effect of the expected discriminator performance on this trigger signal will be shown. The pad and strip detectors are read-out with identical electronics. The influence of the performance of the electronics on the detector's performance are discussed.
Published: 1999
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13. Predictions fors=200AGeVAu+Aucollisions from relativistic hydrodynamics

Author: D. Strottman and B. R. Schlei
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Published: 1999
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14. Extracting the equation of state of nuclear matter through hydrodynamical analysis

Author: B. R. Schlei
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Phase transition, Equation of state, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Plasma, Nuclear matter, Spectral line, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Momentum, Nuclear physics, Pion, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Predominantly preliminary single and double inclusive momentum spectra of 158 AGeV Pb+Pb collisions, recently measured by the NA44 and NA49 Collaborations, are reproduced using the relativistic hydrodynamical model HYLANDER-C. Two different equations of state, which both contain a phase transition to a quark-gluon plasma, can be used to reproduce the (preliminary) data. The space-time geometries in the two calculations differ strongly. However, the Bose-Einstein correlation functions of identical pion pairs do not show such a strong, but still a significant sensitivity to the effects of the equations of state., Comment: 13 pages, including 8 figures. For a PostScript file of the manuscript, you can also goto http://t2.lanl.gov/schlei/eprint.html
Published: 1997
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15. ratio in heavy ion collisions: Coulomb effect or chemical equilibration?

Author: B. R. Schlei, N. Arbex, M. Pluemer, U. Ornik, and Richard M. Weiner
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Large Hadron Collider, Nuclear Theory, Hyperon, FOS: Physical sciences, Strangeness, Ion, Baryon, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Pion, Pi, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Coulomb effect
Abstract: We calculate the pi-/pi+ ratio for Pb+Pb at CERN/SPS energies and for Au+Au at BNL/AGS energies using a (3+1) dimensional hydrodynamical model. Without consideration of Coulomb effect an enhancement of this ratio at low mt is found compatible with that observed in these experiments. Our calculations are based on previous (3+1) dimensional hydrodynamical simulations (HYLANDER), which described many other aspects of experimental data. In this model the observed enhancement is a consequence of baryon and strangeness conservation and of chemical equilibration of the system and is caused by the decay of produced hyperons, which leads to a difference in the total number of positive and negative pions as well. Based on the same approach, we also present results for the pi-/pi+ ratio for S+S (CERN/SPS) collisions, where we find a similar effect. The absence of the enhancement of the pi-/pi+ ratio in the S+S data presented by the NA44 Collaboration, if confirmed, could indicate that chemical equilibration has not yet been estabilished in this reaction., Comment: 8 pages and 2 figures, submmited to Phys. Lett. B. This reviewed version (Nov.29,1996) contains more details about the model simulated efficiency considering the experimental detection conditions. Other small modifications were made
Published: 1997
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16. Matching stages of heavy-ion collision models

Author: B. R. Schlei, Yun Cheng, László P. Csernai, Volodymyr Magas, D. Strottman, and Universitat de Barcelona
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Nuclear Theory, Heavy ion collision, Nuclear physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Col·lisions d'ions pesats, Hadrons, Molecular dynamics, Space (mathematics), Ideal gas, Hadronization, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Model description, Classical mechanics, Distribution (mathematics), Hypersurface, Collisions (Nuclear physics), Phase space, Col·lisions (Física nuclear), Covariant transformation, Física nuclear, Statistical physics, Dinàmica molecular, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Heavy-ion reactions and other collective dynamical processes are frequently described by different theoretical approaches for the different stages of the process, like initial equilibration stage, intermediate locally equilibrated fluid dynamical stage, and final freeze-out stage. For the last stage, the best known is the Cooper-Frye description used to generate the phase space distribution of emitted, noninteracting particles from a fluid dynamical expansion or explosion, assuming a final ideal gas distribution, or (less frequently) an out-of-equilibrium distribution. In this work we do not want to replace the Cooper-Frye description, but rather clarify the ways of using it and how to choose the parameters of the distribution and, eventually, how to choose the form of the phase space distribution used in the Cooper-Frye formula. Moreover, the Cooper-Frye formula is used in connection with the freeze-out problem, while the discussion of transition between different stages of the collision is applicable to other transitions also. More recently, hadronization and molecular dynamics models have been matched to the end of a fluid dynamical stage to describe hadronization and freeze-out. The stages of the model description can be matched to each other on space-time hypersurfaces (just like through the frequently used freeze-out hypersurface). This work presents a generalized description of how to match the stages of the description of a reaction to each other, extending the methodology used at freeze-out, in simple covariant form which is easily applicable in its simplest version for most applications.
Published: 2010

17. Ion beam emittance from an ECRIS

Author: J. Mäder, R. Rácz, B. R. Schlei, K. Tinschert, Sandor Biri, F. Maimone, R. Lang, and P. Spädtke
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Physics, Ion beam, Plasma, Electron, Ion gun, 01 natural sciences, Electron cyclotron resonance, Ion source, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Ion, PROCEEDINGS OF THE 16TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ION SOURCES, Physics::Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, Instrumentation, Beam (structure)
Abstract: Simulation of ion beam extraction from an Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source (ECRIS) is a fully 3 dimensional problem, even if the extraction geometry has cylindrical symmetry. Because of the strong magnetic flux density, not only the electrons are magnetized but also the Larmor radius of ions is much smaller than the geometrical dimension of the plasma chamber (Ø 64 × 179 mm). If we assume that the influence of collisions is small on the path of particles, we can do particle tracking through the plasma if the initial coordinates of particles are known. We generated starting coordinates of plasma ions by simulation of the plasma electrons, accelerated stochastically by the 14.5 GHz radio frequency power fed to the plasma. With that we were able to investigate the influence of different electron energies on the extracted beam. Using these assumptions, we can reproduce the experimental results obtained 10 years ago, where we monitored the beam profile with the help of viewing targets. Additionally, methods have been developed to investigate arbitrary 2D cuts of the 6D phase space. To this date, we are able to discuss full 4D information. Currently, we extend our analysis tool towards 5D and 6D, respectively.
Published: 2016
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18. Single identified hadron spectra fromsNN=130GeVAu+Aucollisions

Author: P. Pitukhin, Shunji Nishimura, Y. Tanaka, T. K. Shea, S. P. Sorensen, M. Kann, Z. Sun, Peter M. Nilsson, J. P. Sullivan, S. Y. Fung, E. P. Hartouni, J. G. Lajoie, P. J. Kroon, S. S. Adler, G. S. Kyle, Charles Maguire, M. Rosati, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, James Alexander, T. A. Shibata, Y. Sumi, Wei Tian, S. Butsyk, B. Khachaturov, T. Matsumoto, Joakim Nystrand, H. Hara, R. Averbeck, M. Velkovsky, Vladimir Samsonov, Byung-Sik Hong, A. Bazilevsky, John Hill, K. Oyama, Josh Moss, Hiroaki Ohnishi, M. Tamai, S. Kametani, S. Yokkaichi, I. Otterlund, J. Lauret, Aya Sakaguchi, A. A. Vinogradov, Toru Sugitate, E. Kistenev, D. E. Fields, T. Ushiroda, B. K. Nandi, Alexei Khanzadeev, A. A. Rose, Alexandre Lebedev, B. V. Jacak, Henrik Tydesjö, A. A. Tsvetkov, Mikhail Ippolitov, Z. Li, B. M. Johnson, D. M. Lee, Dong Jo Kim, J. Simon-Gillo, J. L. Nagle, H. Tsuruoka, P. Steinberg, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, Athanasios Petridis, Martin Purschke, F. Matathias, S. Botelho, J. T. Mitchell, M. Pollack, N. Bruner, E. Stenlund, T. A. Carey, S. Klinksiek, A. Drees, Vladislav Manko, Norio Saito, H. Buesching, A. Kiyomichi, Hideki Hamagaki, Y. J. Kwon, G. David, M. D. Marx, S. N. White, M. A. Volkov, I. Shein, Yoshio Arai, Xingguo Li, T. Chujo, G. C. Mishra, Alexander Milov, T. Peitzmann, Saskia Mioduszewski, D. Kotchetkov, C. A. Ogilvie, A. G. Hansen, German Martinez, T. K. Hemmick, Y. H. Shin, Yasuo Miake, T. L. Thomas, J. H. Kang, Zhongfan Liu, A. Glenn, K. Kurita, J. S. Haggerty, M. S. Chung, C. Witzig, Ryugo S. Hayano, B. V. Dinesh, Z. Fraenkel, M. Sivertz, A. Ster, J. Chang, Y. Riabov, S. Sawada, A. Franz, S. S. Kapoor, F. G. Bellaiche, S. Nagamiya, H. Wang, Yves Roland Schutz, C. Pinkenburg, Shiv K. Gupta, J. M. Heuser, W. Y. Jang, Kenta Shigaki, E. M. Takagui, B. A. Cole, J. Barrette, O. Dietzsch, S. Bathe, D. P. Morrison, R. S. Towell, T. E. Miller, R. K. Choudhury, J. H. Thomas, Hiroyuki Sako, F. Messer, V. E. Semenov, I. Ravinovich, An.A. Vorobyov, T. Ichihara, V. S. Pantuev, S. P. Stoll, S. Markacs, A. S. Nyanin, Yongsun Kim, F. K. Wohn, F. Plasil, P. W. Stankus, R. Santo, T. Christ, Dipanwita Dutta, Kensuke Homma, E. Melnikov, V.A. Onuchin, S. Belikov, K. S. Joo, T. C. Awes, M. J. Bennett, Jun Kikuchi, P. Chung, T. K. Ghosh, G. Bunce, David D'Enterria, Agneta Oskarsson, Julia Velkovska, K. Adcox, N. Hayashi, S. K. Mark, S. Chernichenko, C. L. Woody, T. Ferdousi, I. D. Ojha, K. Pope, I. Tserruya, Yu. Efremenko, V. Bumazhnov, S. S. Ryu, Tai Sakuma, V. Singh, B. Bassalleck, F. Mühlbacher, L. Ewell, Junji Tojo, D. S. Ho, T. C. Sangster, L. Paffrath, D. Koehler, P. L. McGaughey, R. P. Pisani, K. Ebisu, Y. Nakada, Y. Watanabe, K. El Chenawi, N. N. Ajitanand, Y. Berdnikov, Y. Akiba, W. C. Chang, J. M. Burward-Hoy, H. Torii, S. C. Johnson, Y. J. Mao, M. J. Kweon, Lennart Osterman, Roy A. Lacey, H. En'yo, W. W. Kinnison, M. J. Leitch, Hirohiko Sato, Nikolay Tyurin, P. D. Barnes, S. K. Tuli, J.R. Mahon, Kazuhiro Tanaka, A. Soldatov, S. F. Pate, B. R. Schlei, Klaus Johannes Reygers, D. J. Lim, C.Y. Chi, Jason Newby, J. Murata, Atsushi Taketani, Minghui Liu, L. Nikkinen, V. Papavassiliou, T. Kohama, Kenneth Francis Read, A. Durum, Masayasu Ishihara, E. J. Desmond, Susumu Sato, M. Muniruzzaman, D. S. Brown, M. Hibino, M. Sugioka, W. A. Zajc, Wei Xie, A. P.T. Palounek, I. E. Yushmanov, A. Deshpande, X. He, S. Garpman, H. A. Gustafsson, H. W. Van Hecke, R. E. Mischke, L. L. Chavez, A. L. Godoi, M. Chiu, X. Liu, V. Kochetkov, Viktor Riabov, E. Vznuzdaev, V. Baublis, T. Shiina, S. Esumi, A. Denisov, S. Y. Kim, V. Cianciolo, L. Aphecetche, I. Sibiriak, Sergey Fokin, Akira Masaike, P. Chand, A. Hoover, R. A. Soltz, M. Grosse Perdekamp, E. Taniguchi, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, M. Suzuki, Senta Greene, C. P. Singh, E. O'Brien, Y. I. Makdisi, M. J. Tannenbaum, K. N. Barish, S. Kelly, M. Ono, L. Kochenda, D. Bucher, N. Starinsky, S. T. Belyaev, G. R. Young, H. J. Kim, J. Chiba, K. S. Sim, Yasushi Nagasaka, Juergen Thomas, M. L. Brooks, Takao Sakaguchi, C. Klein-Boesing, A. D. Frawley, K. Imai, W. Guryn, S. H. Aronson, M. Messer, A. Kozlov, C. Velissaris, R. Seto, Zhedong Zhang, H. Delagrange, K. Yagi, S. Zhou, and Markus Merschmeyer
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Intersecting Storage Rings, Nuclear Theory, Elliptic flow, Hadron, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear physics, Momentum, Pion, Antiproton, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
Abstract: Transverse momentum spectra and yields of hadrons are measured by the PHENIX collaboration in Au+Au collisions at √s NN =130 GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The time-of-flight resolution allows identification of pions to transverse momenta of 2 GeV/c and protons and antiprotons to 4 GeV/c. The yield of pions rises approximately linearly with the number of nucleons participating in the collision, while the number of kaons, protons, and antiprotons increases more rapidly. The shape of the momentum distribution changes between peripheral and central collisions. Simultaneous analysis of all the p T spectra indicates radial collective expansion, consistent with predictions of hydrodynamic models. Hydrodynamic analysis of the spectra shows that the expansion velocity increases with collision centrality and collision energy. This expansion boosts the particle momenta, causing the yield from soft processes to exceed that for hard to large transverse momentum, perhaps as large as 3 GeV/c.
Published: 2004
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19. Formation of dense partonic matter in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions at RHIC: Experimental evaluation by the PHENIX collaboration

Author: M. Pollack, N. Bruner, P. Steinberg, B. Khachaturov, Serguei Afanasiev, R. Lacey, T. Matsumoto, Y. Tanaka, N. N. Ajitanand, K. Hasuko, T. K. Shea, H. Kobayashi, K. Tanida, S. Bathe, Terry C Awes, V. I. Kochetkov, N. Starinsky, J. Chiba, Martin Purschke, F. Gastineau, A. A. Tsvetkov, D. Kotchetkov, Z. Fraenkel, Y. Berdnikov, E. R. Hartouni, J. Murata, R. K. Choudhury, Y. Akiba, A. Devismes, B. D. Fox, P. Pitukhin, M. Kann, Shih-Chang Lee, S. Botelho, Vladislav Manko, Lennart Osterman, S. Nagamiya, S. C. Johnson, S. Butsyk, Kazuhiro Tanaka, K. S. Sim, M. D. Marx, H. Tsuruoka, Klaus Johannes Reygers, Vladimir Samsonov, S. N. White, Marie Germain, M. J. Kweon, M. E. Sadler, Taku Gunji, M. Sakai, F. Kajihara, Hiroyuki Okada, Shunji Nishimura, E. J. Desmond, I. Shein, Y. Le Bornec, R. A. Soltz, H. Borel, Joakim Nystrand, H. Hara, T. Shohjoh, A. Durum, M. Wysocki, T. Peitzmann, H. Hiejima, A. G. Litvinenko, M. A. Volkov, M. Velkovsky, Atsushi Taketani, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, I. Otterlund, M. Togawa, M. Hibino, A. Kiss, J. Park, H. Delagrange, Eva Haslum, O. Drapier, X. Camard, V.A. Onuchin, S. Belikov, K. S. Joo, I. Tserruya, Saskia Mioduszewski, Florian Bauer, D. S. Brown, H.-Å. Gustafsson, A. Parmar, T. C. Sangster, S. Esumi, Tamas Ferenc Csorgo, L. Paffrath, J. E. Frantz, Y. J. Kwon, J. Simon-Gillo, W. E. Sondheim, D. Sharma, W. C. Smith, L. Sanfratello, M. Messer, K. El Chenawi, M. R. Shaw, J. L. Nagle, Henner Buesching, M. Grosse Perdekamp, A. Kozlov, C. Velissaris, G. R. Young, Y. Tsuchimoto, S. F. Pate, M. Kopytine, K. Yagi, S. Zhou, A. Baldisseri, R. Seto, Zhedong Zhang, K. Haruna, M. S. Chung, G. C. Mishra, H. Pereira, R. Amirikas, I. Sibiriak, Laurent Bernard Aphecetche, Takao Sakaguchi, Y. Mao, Christine Angela Aidala, V-N. Tram, S. Borenstein, P. A. Rukoyatkin, W. A. Zajc, M. K. Lee, I. E. Yushmanov, H. Wang, Yves Roland Schutz, C. Pinkenburg, T. Kohama, V. Singh, B. R. Schlei, A. A. Vinogradov, Henrik Tydesjö, A. Deshpande, A. Pierson, F. G. Bellaiche, Y. S. Kim, Markus Merschmeyer, Anne Marie Sickles, V. Dzhordzhadze, A. Ster, V. Baublis, K. Aoki, P. Chand, Shiv K. Gupta, X. R. Wang, C. A. Ogilvie, A. Denisov, S. Y. Kim, V. Cianciolo, G. B. Kim, D. E. Fields, T. Ushiroda, B. V. Jacak, A. Glenn, T. Ichihara, S. T. Belyaev, V. S. Pantuev, O. Zaudkte, J. Jin, Steven E. Skutnik, X. He, O. O. Omiwade, F. K. Wohn, T. K. Ghosh, Matthew G. Reuter, D. Koehler, Motoi Inaba, E. Taniguchi, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, V. Peresedov, E. M. Takagui, Ch. Finck, T. A. Shibata, Sergey Fokin, T. Horaguchi, A. Hoover, V. L. Rykov, T. Dahms, Y. Watanabe, K. Kiyoyama, M. Harvey, A. K. Purwar, T. A. Carey, H. J. Kim, T. K. Hemmick, Yasuo Miake, Junji Tojo, E. Melnikov, Y. Yang, K. Ebisu, C. P. Singh, I. D. Ojha, Alexander Malakhov, L. S. Zolin, Kenichi Imai, F. Messer, I. Younus, Jason Newby, C. Klein-Boesing, K. Okada, B. Sahlmueller, H. En'yo, W. W. Kinnison, P. Constantin, M. J. Leitch, S. Chernichenko, Mate Csanad, A. D. Frawley, T. Tabaru, L. Villatte, Juergen Thomas, A. Soldatov, B. K. Nandi, D. Isenhower, S. Bhagavatula, V. Papavassiliou, Sébastien Gadrat, Charles Maguire, V. Bumazhnov, M. P. Comets, I. Ravinovich, F. Plasil, Y. Nagata, B. M. Johnson, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, H. Lim, B. Bassalleck, F. Mühlbacher, L. Ewell, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, J. B. Choi, K. Das, Gerry Bunce, P. D. Barnes, S. Leckey, Jan Rak, W. Guryn, A. Yanovich, B. Komkov, H. Masui, A. K. Dubey, S. Takagi, Hirohiko Sato, S. K. Tuli, M. Konno, Y. Sumi, Wei Tian, T. Nakamura, Paul Nilsson, Zhongfan Liu, S. K. Mark, A. Isupov, S. Garpman, R. du Rietz, L. Kochenda, M. Heffner, An.A. Vorobyov, C. Suire, R. E. Mischke, J. Sziklai, S. S. Ryu, R. Granier de Cassagnac, S. Y. Fung, German Martinez, Robert F. Hobbs, K. N. Barish, M. Naglis, H. Qu, Y. Nakada, C. L. Silva, P. Tarján, L. L. Chavez, M. Ono, Josh Moss, W. C. Chang, Brian Cole, Jen-Chieh Peng, R. Vertesi, David D'Enterria, R. S. Towell, M. Tamai, E. Kistenev, John Hill, K. Oyama, J. H. Thomas, Y. Kuroki, Norio Saito, S. Markacs, Toru Sugitate, L. D. Isenhower, T. J. Uam, S. H. Aronson, W. Holzmann, Debashish Pal, T. E. Miller, Yasushi Nagasaka, Masayasu Ishihara, M. Inuzuka, M. N. Hagiwara, M. L. Brooks, Hideki Hamagaki, Ahmed Al-Jamel, S. Sawada, Paul Stankus, J. D. Tepe, G. David, J. Lauret, Aya Sakaguchi, Viktor Riabov, C. H. Kuberg, Susumu Sato, W. Y. Jang, A. Franz, H. M. Hur, T. Kawagishi, M. T. Bjorndal, M. Muniruzzaman, J. T. Mitchell, N. Kurihara, M. J. Bennett, R. Santo, Z. Li, A. Taranenko, Dong Jo Kim, G. Gogiberidze, N. Hayashi, S. S. Kapoor, Mikhail Ippolitov, A. Enokizono, François Fleuret, B. Forestier, Maya Hachiya Shimomura, F. Staley, S. Batsouli, D. Winter, D. Yu Peressounko, Sean A. Kelly, Osamu Jinnouchi, R. P. Pisani, Nikolay Tyurin, D. S. Ho, Viktor Veszpremi, M. Suzuki, T. V. Moukhanova, Yoshio Arai, Y. I. Makdisi, M. N. Wagner, P. Chung, K. Pope, H. W. Van Hecke, C. Y. Chi, H. Harada, R. Azmoun, J.R. Mahon, C. Zhang, O. Dietzsch, M. Sugioka, H. Valle, K. Adcox, Ferenc Deák, Dipanwita Dutta, N. Kamihara, M. C. McCain, M. Holmes, Athanasios Petridis, Y. Cobigo, Alexander Milov, Julia Velkovska, A. P.T. Palounek, C. R. Cleven, M. J. Tannenbaum, C. Witzig, V. V. Ikonnikov, Do-Won Kim, P. J. Kroon, F. Matathias, D. Mukhopadhyay, D. Bucher, E. R. Kinney, D. P. Morrison, V. Ladygin, M. Gonin, R. Armendariz, J. Barrette, V.N. Penev, Dong-Hun Kim, B. Espagnon, V. E. Semenov, V. Babintsev, Y. H. Shin, Marco Aurelio Lisboa Leite, J. Zimányi, T. Christ, Tatsuya Chujo, S. Klinksiek, N. Grau, Senta Greene, M. Nara, M. Sivertz, A. Drees, B. E. Norman, E. H. Kim, E. O'Brien, K. Shoji, Yongsun Kim, R. Kohara, Hiroaki Ohnishi, J. Milan, A. Hadjhenni, J. Egdemir, J. M. Qualls, L. Nikkinen, S. P. Stoll, S. S.E. Rosendahl, T. Ferdousi, D. Jouan, Xingguo Li, J. L. Drachenberg, J. G. Lajoie, T. Hachiya, I. J. Choi, Hiroyuki Sako, S. S. Adler, G. S. Kyle, S. Kametani, N. Willis, James Alexander, Pàl Hidas, J. H. Kang, J. S. Haggerty, A. Romana, Y. Jeong, R. Averbeck, Byung-Sik Hong, A. Bazilevsky, Philippe Rosnet, A. A. Rose, D. M. Lee, Anders Nils Erik Oskarsson, Z. Sun, J. Gosset, J. P. Sullivan, S. Yokkaichi, J. M. Heuser, J. G. Boissevain, Masashi Kaneta, K. Katou, A. Kiyomichi, M. Stepanov, G. Roche, K. Kurita, W. Park, A. G. Hansen, Shingo Sakai, H. Pei, T. L. Thomas, Ryugo S. Hayano, B. V. Dinesh, J. Chang, Y. Riabov, Kenta Shigaki, G. J. Kunde, M. Nguyen, A. S. Nyanin, E. Stenlund, C. L. Woody, A. Lebedev, I. V. Sourikova, H. Torii, D. J. Lim, Minghui Liu, Kenneth Francis Read, A. V. Kazantsev, Kensuke Homma, Soren Pontoppidan Sorensen, Yoichiro Fukao, Kyoichiro Ozawa, Jun Kikuchi, Tadaaki Isobe, Tai Sakuma, X. Zong, J. S. Chai, P. L. McGaughey, Yuri Efremenko, J. M. Burward-Hoy, A. L. Godoi, X. Liu, M. Issah, M. D. Malik, E. Vznuzdaev, T. Shiina, Yi Liu, M. Rosati, Takeo Kawabata, Akira Masaike, Johannes Peter Wessels, Wei Xie, Alexei Khanzadeev, Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PHENIX, Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Elliptic flow, FOS: Physical sciences, Jet (particle physics), [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Quark–gluon plasma, State of matter, High Energy Physics::Experiment, PHENIX detector, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Jet quenching, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Extensive experimental data from high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions were recorded using the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The comprehensive set of measurements from the first three years of RHIC operation includes charged particle multiplicities, transverse energy, yield ratios and spectra of identified hadrons in a wide range of transverse momenta (p_T), elliptic flow, two-particle correlations, non-statistical fluctuations, and suppression of particle production at high p_T. The results are examined with an emphasis on implications for the formation of a new state of dense matter. We find that the state of matter created at RHIC cannot be described in terms of ordinary color neutral hadrons., Comment: 510 authors, 127 pages text, 56 figures, 1 tables, LaTeX. Submitted to Nuclear Physics A as a regular article; v3 has minor changes in response to referee comments. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.html
Published: 2004
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20. Phase Transitions in High Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions

Author: K. Tamousiunas, Cs. Anderlik, D. D. Strottman, A. Nyiri, A. Keranen, Etele Molnár, A. Anderlik, Jaakko Manninen, László P. Csernai, V. K. Magas, and B. R. Schlei
Subjects: Physics, High energy, Particle physics, Phase transition, Plasma formation, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Observable, Boltzmann equation, Hadronization, Nuclear physics, Flow (mathematics), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Heavy ion, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Modelling Quark-Gluon Plasma formation and decay in high energy heavy ion reactions is presented in a framework of a multi-module setup. The collective features, governing the equlibrated fluid dynamical stages of the model are emphasized. Flow effects formed from the initial conditions are discussed. Particular attention is given to the improvement of the final hadronization and freeze-out part of the reaction which has strong effects on the observables.
Published: 2004
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21. PHENIX detector overview

Author: C. H. Kuberg, N. N. Ajitanand, J.D. Lopez, J. Chiba, L. Kotchenda, B. D. Fox, S. Bhaganatula, P. Pitukhin, Shunji Nishimura, J. Behrendt, R. A. Soltz, D.E. Hurst, F. Heistermann, G.W. Thornton, Takahiro Nakamura, G. C. Mishra, Ryo Yamamoto, Takao Sakaguchi, J.B. Archuleta, M. Grosse Perdekamp, A. L. Godoi, C. Blume, G.W. Hart, C. Klein-Boesing, A. Durum, Stephen Daniels, X. Liu, J. D. Tepe, V. Bumazhnov, A. D. Frawley, G. Riabov, A. Usachev, Wuzheng Meng, C. L. Woody, J. LaBounty, M. Issah, H. Funahashi, D. S. Brown, J. Mead, A. Lebedev, L. Hawkins, G.A. Sleege, A. Shajii, P.S. Willis, A. Khomutnikov, J.S. Hicks, D. Engo, A. Ster, R. Cunningham, S. Chollet, A. G. Hansen, S. H. Aronson, E. Taniguchi, W.D. Thomas, E. Vznuzdaev, S. F. Pate, H. Tsuruoka, R.B. Chappell, K. N. Barish, Felix E. Obenshain, V. Baublis, T. Honaguchi, I. V. Sourikova, H. Torii, V.D. Lebedev, T. Shiina, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, S. Batsouli, E. P. Hartouni, Gerry Bunce, W. Lenz, T. L. Thomas, W. Holzmann, R. Ruggiero, H.D. Skank, Charles Maguire, Y. Sumi, M. Ono, Y. J. Kwon, W. Liccardi, Ryugo S. Hayano, B. V. Dinesh, J. Chang, Y. Riabov, J. Bowers, S. S. Adler, G. S. Kyle, K. Enosawa, S. Hahn, H.-J. Kehayias, Kenta Shigaki, V. Papavassiliou, B. Libby, Sébastien Gadrat, A. S. Nyanin, E. Stenlund, E. Bosze, Y. Miyamoto, Y. I. Makdisi, W. C. Chang, F. Messer, Yasushi Nagasaka, J. Banning, D.J. Clark, N. Miftakhov, D. E. Fields, T. Ushiroda, B. V. Jacak, G. T. Danby, M.S. Musrock, T. K. Hemmick, Sean A. Kelly, M. Sugioka, Wei Xie, A. Deshpande, Hiroaki Ohnishi, Y. Yokota, James Alexander, O. Tarasenkova, Jason Newby, J.P. Jones, Wei Tian, R. du Rietz, L. Sanfratello, T.F. Gee, Y. Wan, S. Sakai, S.H. Robinson, V. Vasiliev, J. G. Boissevain, N. Kamihara, V.I. Vishnevskii, An.A. Vorobyov, F. G. Bellaiche, M. Velkovsky, Josh Moss, V. Lebedev, M. Tamai, S. Butsyk, Vladimir Samsonov, K. Katou, C.M. Dabrowski, S. T. Belyaev, P. J. Kroon, Y. Liu, M. J. Tannenbaum, V.S. Kozlov, A. K. Purwar, T. A. Carey, J.R. Archuleta, M. Sekimoto, L. Zhang, V. S. Pantuev, G. Gogiberidze, J.P. Freidberg, E. Kistenev, Nu Xu, A. P.T. Palounek, Vladislav Manko, M. Messer, Athanasios Petridis, A. Kiyomichi, D.W. Crook, M. Murray, Senta Greene, Alexei Khanzadeev, V. V. Ikonnikov, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, A. Kozlov, C. Velissaris, G. R. Young, R. Averbeck, A. A. Vinogradov, V.V. Kuriatkov, R. Raynis, K. Adcox, J. Tradeski, E.M. Stein, S. Sawada, F. Matathias, Junji Tojo, P. Steinberg, R. Armendariz, B. Azmoun, M.S. Emery, J.L. Thomas, S. S. Kapoor, Junwei Wu, Byung-Sik Hong, A. Bazilevsky, L.W. Wright, R. Seto, Zhedong Zhang, Keith W. Jones, Henrik Tydesjö, C. P. Singh, Mark Allen, Mikhail Ippolitov, M. Pollack, N. Bruner, T. A. Shibata, V.A. Onuchin, W.L. Bryan, S. Garpman, Graham H. Turner, Steven E. Skutnik, Tetsufumi Hirano, Franck Gastaldi, B. Khachaturov, O. Fackler, J.W. Walker, Alexander Milov, M. D. Marx, M. Stepanov, G. Roche, G. Jackson, V. Ivanov, A. Kandasamy, E. O'Brien, C. Pancake, D. Bucher, J. Barrette, Hyun-Chul Kim, J. M. Qualls, J. Milan, M. Rosati, G.P. Solodov, M. Bobrek, T. Matsumoto, X. He, L.Donald Isenhower, H. En'yo, W. W. Kinnison, Michael L. Simpson, P. Constantin, S. Boose, M. C. McCain, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, M. J. Leitch, J. L. Nagle, M. S. Chung, P. Giannotti, R. Rao, C. Witzig, S. Klinksiek, H. Cunitz, Y. Kamyshkov, R. Hoade, R. Lacey, S. Yoneyama, O. Drapier, M. Vznuzdaev, J. H. Kang, T. C. Awes, R. Belkin, X.B. Martinez, S. Belikov, K. S. Joo, R. Machnowski, S. Migluolio, J. S. Haggerty, A. Romana, J. S. Kapustinsky, Hideki Hamagaki, L. Nikkinen, Akira Masaike, D. P. Morrison, Jun Kikuchi, Philippe Rosnet, Joakim Nystrand, N. Starinsky, H. Hara, Y. Tanaka, A. Drees, D.-W. Kim, T. K. Shea, J. Negrin, W. Von Achen, M. Suzuki-Nara, G. David, V. E. Semenov, A. Moore, R. E. Mischke, J. Johnson, C. Zhang, L. L. Chavez, C.T. Hunter, Tai Sakuma, G.T. Alley, M.L. Brooks, T. Chujo, L. Wood, V.S. Griffin, Anders Nils Erik Oskarsson, Riko Higuchi, M. Kann, T. Christ, J. Harder, A. A. Rose, J. Ferrierra, J. DeMoss, D.G. Markushin, B. K. Nandi, Christopher B. Williams, K. Minuzzo, Y. Nakada, John D. Jackson, W. Guryn, M. A. Volkov, R. Conway, R. Thern, E. J. Desmond, Viktor Riabov, R.A. Todd, V. Tarakanov, Z. Sun, F. Toldo, P. L. McGaughey, Yongsun Kim, P. W. Stankus, J. Gosset, S. Esumi, J. P. Sullivan, R. Granier de Cassagnac, N. Ericson, B. R. Schlei, W. A. Zajc, Yuri Efremenko, M. Hibino, M. Kennedy, L.G. Kudin, R. Gentry, J. M. Burward-Hoy, W. Verhoeven, M. Libkind, S. Lin, Z. Li, Dong Jo Kim, T. Shimada, R.H. Hance, A. Denisov, S. Y. Kim, O. Dietzsch, D. M. Lee, V. Cianciolo, Andy W. Brown, K. Karadjev, S.A. Kahn, M. Cutshaw, C. A. Ogilvie, Sergey Fokin, G.G. Moscone, H. Buesching, Dipanwita Dutta, V. Armijo, Iou.A. Koutcheryaev, V. Shangin, A. Hoover, I. Tserruya, V.V. Kashikhin, F. Barta, A.B. Barker, R. Amirikas, Julia Velkovska, L. Villatte, I. E. Yushmanov, V. Shelikhov, T. C. Sangster, L. Paffrath, R. Savino, V. Singh, E. Fujisawa, M.A. Echave, G. B. Kim, J. Gannon, D. Koehler, H. Hayashi, K. Ebisu, Yasuo Miake, M. Lenz, Melissa C. Smith, Xingguo Li, Hirohiko Sato, K. El Chenawi, S. K. Tuli, E. Roschin, D. J. Lim, W. Stokes, Zhongfan Liu, R. Jayakumar, J. Lauret, Aya Sakaguchi, German Martinez, M. Gonin, George Davey Smith, Y. H. Shin, Shih-Chang Lee, Martin Purschke, Y. Kuroki, W. Y. Jang, Minghui Liu, K. S. Sim, R. Begay, Alexander Vasiliev, Sebastian N. White, K. Kurita, M. Sivertz, T. Weimer, Kenneth Francis Read, D. Kotchetkov, T. Plagge, Z. Fraenkel, H.-Å. Gustafsson, A.W. Bland, J. Stewering, S. Bathe, D. Borland, Hiroyuki Sako, K. Imai, F. Kajihara, S. P. Stoll, H. Delagrange, V.A. Evseev, M. Kopytine, K. Yagi, S. Zhou, D.C. Smith, B. Komkov, B.R. Whitus, J. L. Drachenberg, Markus Merschmeyer, C. Britton, Y. Severgin, Norio Saito, S. Wang, T. E. Miller, R. Santo, R. Hutter, A. Enokizono, Kensuke Homma, P. Chung, E. Melnikov, K. Pope, T. Ferdousi, W.F. Sandhoff, R. K. Choudhury, A. Debraine, M.A. Kelley, Yoshio Arai, S.S. Frank, T. Ichihara, S. P. Sorensen, S. C. Johnson, Y. J. Mao, W. Sippach, D. Jouan, S. Chernichenko, M. J. Kweon, K. Koseki, Peter M. Nilsson, A. Franz, J. T. Mitchell, F. K. Wohn, B. Bassalleck, F. Mühlbacher, T. K. Ghosh, L. Ewell, T. Moore, J. G. Lajoie, T. Hachiya, S. A. Nikolaev, M. R. Shaw, K.C. Cook, U. Jagadish, M. Rau, Atsushi Taketani, H. W. Van Hecke, I. D. Ojha, Motoi Inaba, L. Britton, H. Kobayashi, S. Salomone, M. Vassent, S. K. Mark, S. Rankowitz, David D'Enterria, Y. Berdnikov, J. E. Frantz, R. Petersen, J. Simon-Gillo, R. P. Pisani, D. Jaffe, Y. Akiba, P. D. Barnes, Laurent Bernard Aphecetche, Herve Borel, Lennart Osterman, Nikolay Tyurin, S. Nagamiya, Kazuhiro Tanaka, A. Glenn, S. Urasawa, Klaus Johannes Reygers, R. Schleuter, B.C. Montoya, G. Rao, S. Steffens, S. Y. Fung, V. Kochetkov, J.R. Mahon, P. Kravtsov, Nathan Longbotham, Y. Cobigo, Jack Fried, M. Kurata-Nishimura, I. Sibiriak, I. Ravinovich, P. Chand, F. Plasil, L.C. Watkins, Ryan M. Roth, J. Halliwell, S. S. Ryu, D. Autrey, M. Van Lith, Y. Melnikov, Ahmed Al-Jamel, T. Kohama, Masayasu Ishihara, John Hill, K. Oyama, L. Kluberg, B.G. Wong-Swanson, Susumu Sato, A.L. Wintenberg, M. Muniruzzaman, P. O'Conner, F. Staley, S. Markacs, Toru Sugitate, V. Trofimov, S. Kametani, Y. Yang, B. M. Johnson, H. Akikawa, Y. Watanabe, R. Prigl, M.M. Cafferty, François Fleuret, M. Aizama, Brian Cole, R. S. Towell, J. H. Thomas, L. Davis Isenhower, S. Marino, J.C. Biggs, M. J. Bennett, K. Wolniewicz, N. Hayashi, A. Soldatov, D. S. Ho, J. Fellenstein, N. Heine, C. Y. Chi, W.E. Sondheim, E. Lockner, A. A. Tsvetkov, T. Peitzmann, Saskia Mioduszewski, H. Wang, Yves Roland Schutz, C. Pinkenburg, J. Murata, S. Botelho, Shiv K. Gupta, J.-S. Chai, J. M. Heuser, Sumio Kato, E. M. Takagui, I. Shein, I. Otterlund, A.R. Harvey, Alberto Baldisseri, A. Danmura, S. Yokkaichi, S. Held, Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Harrison M. Ludlam T. Ozaki S., PHENIX, Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Photon, Muon, Spectrometer, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Electron, Nuclear matter, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, PHENIX detector, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Instrumentation
Abstract: The PHENIX detector is designed to perform a broad study of A-A, p-A, and p-p collisions to investigate nuclear matter under extreme conditions. A wide variety of probes, sensitive to all timescales, are used to study systematic variations with species and energy as well as to measure the spin structure of the nucleon. Designing for the needs of the heavy-ion and polarized-proton programs has produced a detector with unparalleled capabilities. PHENIX measures electron and muon pairs, photons, and hadrons with excellent energy and momentum resolution. The detector consists of a large number of subsystems that are discussed in other papers in this volume. The overall design parameters of the detector are presented. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2003

22. Region-Enclosing Contours from Edge Pixels

Author: B. R. Schlei
Subjects: Active contour model, Pixel, Computer science, business.industry, Binary image, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Edge detection, Skeletonization, Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Digital image processing, Pattern recognition (psychology), Point (geometry), Computer vision, Artificial intelligence, business, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS
Abstract: In the fields of digital image processing, computer vision and pattern recognition, the application of edge detection algorithms is important for the extraction of multiple touching regions in images. However, the enclosure of the regions with discrete contours is not straightforward in general. A novel region-enclosing contour method is therefore proposed in this paper. Topics such as (dilated) contour enclosure of edge pixels in 2D binary images, geometric thinning (skeletonization) of shapes, gap closure in contour networks, and down-sampling of contour supporting point sets are discussed and new techniques are proposed for the first time. Most of the newly found techniques depend heavily on the application of a Delaunay tessellation. The resulting set of novel shape processing tools is applied here to an image taken from a metal surface in electron backscattered diffraction experiments in order to provide an accurate characterization of grain boundaries.
Published: 2002
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23. Flow Measurements via Two-Particle Azimuthal Correlations inAu+AuCollisions atsNN=130 GeV

Author: Shunji Nishimura, J. Chiba, L. Kochenda, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, T. A. Shibata, M. A. Volkov, J.R. Mahon, T. Kohama, A. Franz, B. K. Nandi, T. L. Thomas, Susumu Sato, Y. Akiba, H. J. Kim, C. A. Ogilvie, G. C. Mishra, T. K. Hemmick, Yasuo Miake, M. Muniruzzaman, German Martinez, N. N. Ajitanand, M. Messer, E. P. Hartouni, Zhongfan Liu, A. Denisov, A. Kozlov, J. Simon-Gillo, S. F. Pate, Takao Sakaguchi, V. Bumazhnov, S. Sawada, C. Velissaris, Ryugo S. Hayano, S. Markacs, V. Papavassiliou, A. A. Tsvetkov, R. Seto, Juergen Thomas, S. S. Kapoor, Y. Riabov, H. Torii, C. Klein-Boesing, Kenta Shigaki, M. Ishihara, S. S. Adler, G. S. Kyle, W. Y. Jang, S. Botelho, A. D. Frawley, Hideki Hamagaki, A. Ster, Y. Nakada, G. David, I. Shein, Y. Tanaka, A. S. Nyanin, A. Glenn, K. S. Joo, J. T. Mitchell, T. K. Shea, A. Durum, E. J. Desmond, W. C. Chang, M. Kann, Athanasios Petridis, James Alexander, R. A. Soltz, D. S. Brown, Dong Jo Kim, Roy A. Lacey, Z. Sun, H. Delagrange, R. S. Towell, C. L. Woody, O. Dietzsch, F. Matathias, J. Barrette, Charles Maguire, S. C. Johnson, Y. J. Mao, K. N. Barish, I. Ravinovich, T. Ichihara, Vladislav Manko, F. Messer, M. J. Kweon, M. Hibino, A. P.T. Palounek, Y. Sumi, Wei Tian, Dipanwita Dutta, S. Klinksiek, A. Drees, J. H. Thomas, K. Yagi, R. Averbeck, Byung-Sik Hong, F. Plasil, Josh Moss, Zhen Zhang, V. Kochetkov, Y. I. Makdisi, S. Butsyk, Vladimir Samsonov, A. Bazilevsky, J. P. Sullivan, M. D. Marx, D. E. Fields, T. Ushiroda, B. V. Jacak, S. Zhou, M. Ono, Julia Velkovska, I. Tserruya, M. Grosse Perdekamp, M. Tamai, I. Otterlund, Yu. Efremenko, E. Kistenev, S. T. Belyaev, An.A. Vorobyov, M. Rosati, F. K. Wohn, V. Singh, M. Velkovsky, T. K. Ghosh, T. A. Carey, Mikhail Ippolitov, S. S. Ryu, Markus Merschmeyer, L. Paffrath, A. A. Rose, Alexandre Lebedev, D. Koehler, K. Ebisu, S. P. Stoll, M. J. Bennett, H. Hara, J. L. Nagle, A. A. Vinogradov, Henrik Tydesjö, D. M. Lee, M. S. Chung, T. Chujo, M. J. Tannenbaum, Y. Watanabe, Yasushi Nagasaka, N. Hayashi, I. D. Ojha, S. H. Aronson, G. R. Young, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, Tai Sakuma, E. Taniguchi, T. E. Miller, M. L. Brooks, R. Santo, I. E. Yushmanov, D. S. Ho, Hirohiko Sato, S. K. Tuli, K. Adcox, G. Bunce, T. Ferdousi, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, S. K. Mark, P. Chung, D. Bucher, X. He, A. G. Hansen, C. Y. Chi, A. Soldatov, David D'Enterria, K. Pope, Steven Kelly, K. S. Sim, Alexander Milov, B. Khachaturov, Yongsun Kim, R. P. Pisani, P. W. Stankus, C. Witzig, S. Kametani, Hiroyuki Sako, B. R. Schlei, Nikolay Tyurin, D. P. Morrison, K. Imai, M. Suzuki, Agneta Oskarsson, Norio Saito, B. M. Johnson, T. Matsumoto, V. E. Semenov, Y. H. Shin, S. Bathe, Yoshio Arai, Jason Newby, T. Christ, J. S. Haggerty, J. Murata, W. Guryn, S. Y. Kim, P. L. McGaughey, Ju Hwan Kang, Atsushi Taketani, Y. Berdnikov, Kensuke Homma, Alexei Khanzadeev, Brian Cole, M. Pollack, N. Bruner, E. Stenlund, Senta Greene, C. P. Singh, E. Melnikov, T. Peitzmann, Saskia Mioduszewski, V.A. Onuchin, S. Belikov, Lennart Osterman, H. Wang, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Yves Roland Schutz, C. Pinkenburg, E. O'Brien, Shiv K. Gupta, P. D. Barnes, J. M. Heuser, E. M. Takagui, S. Chernichenko, N. Starinsky, Klaus Johannes Reygers, B. Bassalleck, F. Mühlbacher, L. Ewell, P. J. Kroon, T. C. Sangster, J. Chang, K. El Chenawi, J. M. Burward-Hoy, Martin Purschke, D. Kotchetkov, J. Lauret, Aya Sakaguchi, Joakim Nystrand, K. Kurita, Z. Fraenkel, R. K. Choudhury, S. Y. Fung, M. Sivertz, H. W. Van Hecke, A. Kiyomichi, Hiroaki Ohnishi, John Hill, K. Oyama, Toru Sugitate, I. G. Sibiriak, T. C. Awes, P. Chand, Jun Kikuchi, D. J. Lim, L. Nikkinen, Minghui Liu, Kenneth Francis Read, Z. Li, H. Buesching, S. N. White, Xingguo Li, V. S. Pantuev, Junji Tojo, S. P. Sorensen, H. En'yo, W. W. Kinnison, M. J. Leitch, Peter M. Nilsson, H. Tsuruoka, Y. J. Kwon, J. G. Lajoie, Wei Xie, A. Deshpande, F. G. Bellaiche, A. L. Godoi, X. Liu, S. Yokkaichi, E. Vznuzdaev, V. Baublis, P. Steinberg, T. Shiina, L. Aphecetche, Akira Masaike, S. Esumi, B. V. Dinesh, W. A. Zajc, V. Cianciolo, Sergey Fokin, A. Hoover, S. Garpman, H. A. Gustafsson, R. E. Mischke, L. L. Chavez, Viktor Riabov, M. Sugioka, S. Nagamiya, and P. Pitukhin
Subjects: Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Hadron, Elliptic flow, General Physics and Astronomy, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, Correlation function (statistical mechanics), Thermalisation, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Eccentricity (behavior), Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Scaling, media_common
Abstract: Two-particle azimuthal correlation functions are presented for charged hadrons produced in Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (sqrt[sNN]=130 GeV). The measurements permit determination of elliptic flow without event-by-event estimation of the reaction plane. The extracted elliptic flow values (v2) show significant sensitivity to both the collision centrality and the transverse momenta of emitted hadrons, suggesting rapid thermalization and relatively strong velocity fields. When scaled by the eccentricity of the collision zone e, the scaled elliptic flow shows little or no dependence on centrality for charged hadrons with relatively low pT. A breakdown of this e scaling is observed for charged hadrons with pT >1.0 GeV/c.
Published: 2002
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24. Measurement ofΛandΛ¯Particles inAu+AuCollisions atsNN=130 GeV

Author: Sean A. Kelly, M. Suzuki, A. Kiyomichi, S. T. Belyaev, Y. I. Makdisi, T. C. Awes, T. L. Thomas, P. Chand, Jun Kikuchi, Senta Greene, M. Sugioka, Alexander Milov, G. R. Young, C. P. Singh, C. Witzig, S. Nagamiya, E. O'Brien, D. P. Morrison, Ryugo S. Hayano, N. N. Ajitanand, J. S. Haggerty, M. J. Tannenbaum, S. Y. Kim, Tai Sakuma, S. Markacs, V. E. Semenov, J. T. Mitchell, Vladislav Manko, M. D. Marx, G. Bunce, T. Christ, T. Ferdousi, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, P. L. McGaughey, Y. Riabov, Wei Xie, A. Deshpande, M. A. Volkov, P. J. Kroon, R. A. Soltz, J. M. Burward-Hoy, T. A. Shibata, S. N. White, V. Kochetkov, C. A. Ogilvie, T. K. Hemmick, Yasuo Miake, B. K. Nandi, T. Chujo, Kenta Shigaki, D. Pal, Zhongfan Liu, Z. Sun, M. Grosse Perdekamp, W. Y. Jang, P. Pitukhin, Y. Akiba, K. S. Sim, D. Bucher, A. Durum, D. J. Lim, Athanasios Petridis, K. S. Joo, F. Matathias, S. Esumi, J. P. Sullivan, J. Barrette, S. Klinksiek, Shunji Nishimura, B. Khachaturov, A. Drees, J. Chiba, Minghui Liu, D. S. Brown, B. V. Dinesh, E. Taniguchi, Dong Jo Kim, W. A. Zajc, A. Franz, Kenneth Francis Read, K. Imai, S. H. Aronson, German Martinez, M. Messer, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, T. Matsumoto, A. Kozlov, C. Velissaris, G. C. Mishra, S. S. Adler, R. Seto, Zhedong Zhang, V. Cianciolo, S. K. Mark, A. S. Nyanin, Sergey Fokin, L. Aphecetche, I. Tserruya, J. Lauret, Aya Sakaguchi, W. Guryn, Hiroaki Ohnishi, G. S. Kyle, Yu. Efremenko, Charles Maguire, Takao Sakaguchi, V. Singh, David D'Enterria, A. Hoover, D. Koehler, K. Ebisu, S. P. Stoll, C. Klein-Boesing, Y. Sumi, Wei Tian, K. N. Barish, Joakim Nystrand, Akira Masaike, T. E. Miller, Hideki Hamagaki, A. D. Frawley, E. P. Hartouni, M. Ono, S. Garpman, G. David, D. E. Fields, T. Ushiroda, B. V. Jacak, R. P. Pisani, H. A. Gustafsson, S. Bathe, Kensuke Homma, E. Melnikov, Hirohiko Sato, S. K. Tuli, R. Santo, A. Ster, L. Nikkinen, Yasushi Nagasaka, R. E. Mischke, L. L. Chavez, James Alexander, Agneta Oskarsson, Josh Moss, Nikolay Tyurin, P. Chung, K. Pope, T. A. Carey, S. Chernichenko, M. L. Brooks, B. Bassalleck, F. Mühlbacher, X. He, L. Ewell, A. L. Godoi, X. Liu, S. Yokkaichi, Viktor Riabov, M. Tamai, F. Messer, An.A. Vorobyov, R. Averbeck, Yongsun Kim, E. Vznuzdaev, V. Baublis, P. W. Stankus, Y. Berdnikov, Lennart Osterman, Kazuhiro Tanaka, C. L. Woody, P. Steinberg, T. Shiina, H. Buesching, K. Adcox, B. R. Schlei, Xingguo Li, H. Delagrange, E. Kistenev, Byung-Sik Hong, A. Bazilevsky, Y. H. Shin, K. Yagi, S. Zhou, K. Kurita, M. Sivertz, Klaus Johannes Reygers, Markus Merschmeyer, S. P. Sorensen, Mikhail Ippolitov, Peter M. Nilsson, L. Paffrath, J. G. Lajoie, L. Kochenda, J. Chang, A. G. Hansen, H. J. Kim, A. A. Rose, Alexandre Lebedev, H. W. Van Hecke, Juergen Thomas, D. M. Lee, M. Ishihara, Y. Tanaka, T. K. Shea, M. Kann, J.R. Mahon, A. Denisov, S. Sawada, Norio Saito, S. S. Kapoor, Yoshio Arai, H. Torii, Ju Hwan Kang, Jason Newby, S. F. Pate, J. Murata, Alexei Khanzadeev, M. Pollack, N. Bruner, E. Stenlund, Hiroyuki Sako, D. Mukhopadhyay, V. Papavassiliou, I. Ravinovich, N. Starinsky, F. Plasil, E. J. Desmond, S. S. Ryu, M. Hibino, A. P.T. Palounek, I. E. Yushmanov, J. Simon-Gillo, M. Rosati, M. Velkovsky, A. Glenn, A. A. Vinogradov, Henrik Tydesjö, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, Y. Nakada, O. Dietzsch, H. Tsuruoka, Dipanwita Dutta, Julia Velkovska, Y. J. Kwon, F. G. Bellaiche, T. Kohama, Susumu Sato, M. Muniruzzaman, V. S. Pantuev, Junji Tojo, Y. Watanabe, T. Peitzmann, Saskia Mioduszewski, H. En'yo, W. W. Kinnison, M. J. Leitch, H. Wang, Yves Roland Schutz, A. Soldatov, C. Pinkenburg, Shiv K. Gupta, Martin Purschke, A. A. Tsvetkov, J. M. Heuser, S. Botelho, E. M. Takagui, R. S. Towell, I. Shein, J. H. Thomas, M. J. Bennett, N. Hayashi, D. S. Ho, C. Y. Chi, S. Kametani, B. M. Johnson, D. Kotchetkov, Brian Cole, S. Butsyk, Z. Fraenkel, Vladimir Samsonov, I. Otterlund, R. K. Choudhury, V.A. Onuchin, S. Belikov, T. C. Sangster, K. El Chenawi, S. C. Johnson, Y. J. Mao, M. J. Kweon, Atsushi Taketani, H. Hara, J. L. Nagle, M. S. Chung, V. Bumazhnov, W. C. Chang, Roy A. Lacey, T. Ichihara, F. K. Wohn, T. K. Ghosh, I. D. Ojha, P. D. Barnes, S. Y. Fung, John Hill, K. Oyama, Toru Sugitate, I. G. Sibiriak, and Z. Li
Subjects: 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences
Published: 2002
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25. Net Charge Fluctuations inAu+AuInteractions atsNN=130 GeV

Author: J.R. Mahon, I. Ravinovich, F. Plasil, S. S. Ryu, J. Simon-Gillo, J. Chiba, A. Glenn, A. Franz, P. Pitukhin, G. C. Mishra, Takao Sakaguchi, C. Klein-Boesing, A. D. Frawley, Shunji Nishimura, V. S. Pantuev, V. Kochetkov, Y. I. Makdisi, K. S. Sim, S. Butsyk, Vladimir Samsonov, M. J. Tannenbaum, Junji Tojo, I. Otterlund, D. Bucher, E. P. Hartouni, J. Chang, N. N. Ajitanand, K. Imai, H. Hara, J. L. Nagle, Y. Nakada, M. S. Chung, H. En'yo, W. W. Kinnison, W. Guryn, Alexei Khanzadeev, B. Khachaturov, M. Pollack, N. Bruner, E. Stenlund, M. J. Leitch, A. Durum, V. Bumazhnov, O. Dietzsch, H. Tsuruoka, H. W. Van Hecke, D. S. Brown, R. E. Mischke, Dipanwita Dutta, Julia Velkovska, L. Aphecetche, D. E. Fields, M. Rosati, T. Ushiroda, N. Starinsky, M. Velkovsky, Joakim Nystrand, Agneta Oskarsson, Y. Berdnikov, W. C. Chang, Roy A. Lacey, B. V. Jacak, Lennart Osterman, S. T. Belyaev, R. S. Towell, Y. J. Kwon, A. A. Vinogradov, Henrik Tydesjö, Kazuhiro Tanaka, T. A. Carey, J. H. Thomas, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, A. Ster, Klaus Johannes Reygers, Akira Masaike, Y. H. Shin, G. R. Young, Charles Maguire, Y. Sumi, Wei Tian, K. Kurita, I. Tserruya, Josh Moss, M. Sivertz, Tai Sakuma, F. Messer, Yu. Efremenko, M. J. Bennett, N. Hayashi, V. Singh, M. Tamai, F. G. Bellaiche, Hiroyuki Sako, D. Koehler, An.A. Vorobyov, Jason Newby, E. Kistenev, K. Ebisu, S. P. Stoll, D. S. Ho, J. Murata, S. P. Sorensen, P. L. McGaughey, C. Y. Chi, Mikhail Ippolitov, Hirohiko Sato, V.A. Onuchin, K. Adcox, S. Belikov, P. J. Kroon, J. M. Burward-Hoy, Peter M. Nilsson, E. J. Desmond, L. Paffrath, J. G. Lajoie, L. Kochenda, M. Hibino, A. P.T. Palounek, K. S. Joo, A. L. Godoi, T. Peitzmann, Hiroaki Ohnishi, Dong Jo Kim, X. Liu, S. Yokkaichi, T. C. Sangster, Norio Saito, Saskia Mioduszewski, L. Nikkinen, H. J. Kim, A. G. Hansen, Yoshio Arai, Y. Watanabe, I. E. Yushmanov, S. Y. Fung, S. K. Mark, K. El Chenawi, T. L. Thomas, S. K. Tuli, H. Wang, Yves Roland Schutz, C. Pinkenburg, Alexander Milov, T. C. Awes, S. F. Pate, David D'Enterria, Shiv K. Gupta, Ryugo S. Hayano, Ju Hwan Kang, S. Markacs, E. Vznuzdaev, V. Baublis, C. Witzig, P. Chand, Jun Kikuchi, H. Buesching, J. M. Heuser, Y. Riabov, Martin Purschke, E. M. Takagui, Juergen Thomas, D. P. Morrison, D. J. Lim, R. P. Pisani, Kenta Shigaki, S. Kametani, Xingguo Li, S. S. Adler, G. S. Kyle, P. Steinberg, T. Shiina, John Hill, K. Oyama, V. E. Semenov, M. Ishihara, B. M. Johnson, D. Kotchetkov, James Alexander, Nikolay Tyurin, V. Papavassiliou, A. S. Nyanin, S. Garpman, T. Christ, Minghui Liu, A. Soldatov, R. Averbeck, Byung-Sik Hong, A. Bazilevsky, Kenneth Francis Read, Y. Tanaka, T. K. Shea, A. Denisov, Z. Fraenkel, C. L. Woody, S. Sawada, A. A. Rose, Wei Xie, M. Kann, Brian Cole, S. S. Kapoor, H. A. Gustafsson, Alexandre Lebedev, D. M. Lee, A. Kiyomichi, A. Deshpande, Toru Sugitate, H. Torii, S. C. Johnson, I. G. Sibiriak, Y. J. Mao, L. L. Chavez, M. J. Kweon, Z. Sun, Z. Li, T. Kohama, R. A. Soltz, J. P. Sullivan, M. Grosse Perdekamp, Susumu Sato, M. Muniruzzaman, E. Taniguchi, Viktor Riabov, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, S. H. Aronson, Sean A. Kelly, A. A. Tsvetkov, M. Suzuki, S. Esumi, S. N. White, S. Botelho, Atsushi Taketani, Senta Greene, I. Shein, C. P. Singh, B. V. Dinesh, E. O'Brien, W. A. Zajc, J. S. Haggerty, S. Y. Kim, V. Cianciolo, Sergey Fokin, T. Ichihara, A. Hoover, F. K. Wohn, T. K. Ghosh, I. D. Ojha, T. E. Miller, M. Sugioka, S. Nagamiya, P. D. Barnes, R. Santo, S. Bathe, Kensuke Homma, E. Melnikov, P. Chung, S. Chernichenko, B. Bassalleck, F. Mühlbacher, L. Ewell, K. Pope, J. Lauret, Aya Sakaguchi, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, T. A. Shibata, J. T. Mitchell, Vladislav Manko, M. D. Marx, T. Chujo, B. K. Nandi, Y. Akiba, German Martinez, R. K. Choudhury, H. Delagrange, K. Yagi, S. Zhou, Markus Merschmeyer, Yongsun Kim, P. W. Stankus, B. R. Schlei, Athanasios Petridis, F. Matathias, J. Barrette, S. Klinksiek, A. Drees, M. A. Volkov, C. A. Ogilvie, T. K. Hemmick, Yasuo Miake, Zhongfan Liu, W. Y. Jang, G. Bunce, Takehiko Matsumoto, K. N. Barish, T. Ferdousi, M. Ono, Yasushi Nagasaka, M. L. Brooks, Hideki Hamagaki, G. David, M. Messer, A. Kozlov, C. Velissaris, R. Seto, Zhedong Zhang, and X. He
Subjects: Physics, Charge conservation, General Physics and Astronomy, Charge (physics), Plasma, Net (mathematics), Resonance (particle physics), law.invention, Nuclear physics, Stochastic distribution, law, High Energy Physics::Experiment, PHENIX detector, Nuclear Experiment, Collider
Abstract: Data from Au+ Au interactions at s(NN)=130 GeV, obtained with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider, are used to investigate local net charge fluctuations among particles produced near midrapidity. According to recent suggestions, such fluctuations may carry information from the quark-gluon plasma. This analysis shows that the fluctuations are dominated by a stochastic distribution of particles, but are also sensitive to other effects, like global charge conservation and resonance decays.
Published: 2002
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26. Event-by-event fluctuations in meanpTand meaneTinsNN=130 GeVAu+Au collisions

Author: M. Ishihara, S. Butsyk, Vladimir Samsonov, I. Otterlund, M. Suzuki, S. K. Mark, Y. H. Shin, L. Paffrath, J. Chiba, Y. Tanaka, K. Kurita, T. K. Shea, A. Franz, David D'Enterria, S. Y. Fung, Senta Greene, A. G. Hansen, G. C. Mishra, A. L. Godoi, H. Hara, J. L. Nagle, Takao Sakaguchi, M. Sivertz, M. Kann, C. Klein-Boesing, X. Liu, S. Yokkaichi, M. S. Chung, C. L. Woody, John Hill, K. Oyama, R. P. Pisani, C. P. Singh, T. L. Thomas, A. D. Frawley, E. Vznuzdaev, Ryugo S. Hayano, V. Baublis, Athanasios Petridis, S. Markacs, Nikolay Tyurin, Toru Sugitate, I. G. Sibiriak, E. O'Brien, F. Matathias, S. P. Sorensen, Y. Riabov, R. K. Choudhury, J. Barrette, B. Khachaturov, P. Pitukhin, Kenta Shigaki, Peter M. Nilsson, I. Ravinovich, Z. Li, P. Steinberg, T. Shiina, S. Klinksiek, M. Rosati, R. A. Soltz, A. S. Nyanin, Charles Maguire, Y. Sumi, Wei Tian, A. Drees, S. T. Belyaev, F. Plasil, V. Bumazhnov, Alexander Milov, H. Delagrange, Zhen Zhang, Y. I. Makdisi, Shunji Nishimura, S. Esumi, T. C. Awes, J. G. Lajoie, Josh Moss, M. Grosse Perdekamp, S. N. White, P. Chand, Jun Kikuchi, C. Witzig, R. E. Mischke, M. Tamai, E. J. Desmond, E. Kistenev, S. S. Ryu, G. R. Young, Tai Sakuma, M. A. Volkov, B. V. Dinesh, M. Velkovsky, D. P. Morrison, W. A. Zajc, T. Peitzmann, M. J. Tannenbaum, V. E. Semenov, L. Aphecetche, J. T. Mitchell, Joakim Nystrand, K. Yagi, W. C. Chang, V. Kochetkov, V. Cianciolo, S. S. Adler, T. Christ, I. Tserruya, M. Hibino, A. P.T. Palounek, S. Zhou, Roy A. Lacey, S. K. Tuli, Yu. Efremenko, D. Bucher, V. Singh, W. Guryn, Z. Sun, H. Wang, Sergey Fokin, E. Taniguchi, P. L. McGaughey, P. J. Kroon, Mikhail Ippolitov, J. M. Burward-Hoy, Yves Roland Schutz, C. Pinkenburg, L. Kochenda, A. Hoover, Markus Merschmeyer, Shiv K. Gupta, N. N. Ajitanand, J. M. Heuser, C. A. Ogilvie, G. S. Kyle, T. K. Hemmick, D. Koehler, Akira Masaike, K. Ebisu, S. P. Stoll, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, T. Ichihara, A. A. Vinogradov, Henrik Tydesjö, Yasuo Miake, E. P. Hartouni, James Alexander, E. M. Takagui, S. Garpman, F. K. Wohn, R. S. Towell, A. Ster, J. H. Thomas, Zhongfan Liu, J. P. Sullivan, H. J. Kim, T. K. Ghosh, S. F. Pate, D. J. Lim, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, I. E. Yushmanov, S. Mioduszewski, Vladislav Manko, H. A. Gustafsson, M. J. Bennett, J. Simon-Gillo, Hirohiko Sato, N. Hayashi, Alexei Khanzadeev, D. S. Ho, I. D. Ojha, R. Averbeck, Byung-Sik Hong, L. L. Chavez, A. Bazilevsky, M. Pollack, N. Bruner, E. Stenlund, C. Y. Chi, Minghui Liu, Hiroaki Ohnishi, W. Y. Jang, T. E. Miller, M. D. Marx, S. Kametani, K. S. Sim, K. S. Joo, F. Messer, Viktor Riabov, Kenneth Francis Read, L. Nikkinen, Dong Jo Kim, Juergen Thomas, A. A. Rose, Alexandre Lebedev, P. D. Barnes, R. Santo, B. M. Johnson, A. Glenn, An.A. Vorobyov, T. Chujo, D. M. Lee, Y. Nakada, P. Chung, Y. Watanabe, K. Pope, A. Durum, Wei Xie, S. H. Aronson, A. Deshpande, H. Buesching, M. Sugioka, N. Starinsky, K. Imai, S. Nagamiya, D. S. Brown, Brian Cole, Xingguo Li, S. C. Johnson, K. Adcox, Agneta Oskarsson, O. Dietzsch, Y. J. Mao, M. J. Kweon, G. Bunce, Steven Kelly, Dipanwita Dutta, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, Y. Berdnikov, T. A. Shibata, D. E. Fields, Julia Velkovska, T. Ushiroda, Lennart Osterman, Kazuhiro Tanaka, J.R. Mahon, B. K. Nandi, T. Ferdousi, B. V. Jacak, Y. Akiba, Hiroyuki Sako, T. A. Carey, German Martinez, Klaus Johannes Reygers, V. Papavassiliou, Hideki Hamagaki, G. David, Jason Newby, J. Chang, J. Murata, Atsushi Taketani, Norio Saito, A. Soldatov, V.A. Onuchin, Yoshio Arai, A. Kiyomichi, S. Belikov, Ju Hwan Kang, Yongsun Kim, J. Lauret, Aya Sakaguchi, A. A. Tsvetkov, P. W. Stankus, T. C. Sangster, K. El Chenawi, Martin Purschke, H. W. Van Hecke, B. R. Schlei, J. S. Haggerty, S. Y. Kim, S. Botelho, I. Shein, S. Bathe, Kensuke Homma, D. Kotchetkov, E. Melnikov, A. Denisov, Z. Fraenkel, S. Chernichenko, S. Sawada, B. Bassalleck, F. Mühlbacher, S. S. Kapoor, L. Ewell, H. Torii, T. Kohama, Susumu Sato, M. Muniruzzaman, H. Tsuruoka, Y. J. Kwon, F. G. Bellaiche, X. He, V. S. Pantuev, Junji Tojo, H. En'yo, W. W. Kinnison, M. J. Leitch, M. Messer, A. Kozlov, C. Velissaris, R. Seto, Takehiko Matsumoto, K. N. Barish, M. Ono, Yasushi Nagasaka, and M. L. Brooks
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Magnitude (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, Particle emission, law, 0103 physical sciences, Transverse momentum, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Collider, Event (particle physics)
Abstract: Distributions of event-by-event fluctuations of the mean transverse momentum and mean transverse energy near mid-rapidity have been measured in Au+Au collisions at roots(NN)=130 GeV at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. By comparing the distributions to what is expected for statistically independent particle emission, the magnitude of nonstatistical fluctuations in mean transverse momentum is determined to be consistent with zero. Also, no significant nonrandom fluctuations in mean transverse energy are observed. By constructing a fluctuation model with two event classes that preserve the mean and variance of the semi-inclusive p(T) or e(T) spectra, we exclude a region of fluctuations in roots(NN)=130 GeV Au+Au collisions.
Published: 2002
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27. Centrality Dependence ofπ+/−,K+/−,p, andp¯Production fromsNN=130GeVAu + Au Collisions at RHIC

Author: D. J. Lim, T. E. Miller, V. S. Pantuev, E. J. Desmond, R. Santo, Martin Purschke, M. Hibino, Minghui Liu, Y. I. Makdisi, P. Chung, Junji Tojo, K. Pope, A. P.T. Palounek, Alexander Milov, S. Butsyk, Vladimir Samsonov, I. Otterlund, D. E. Fields, T. Ushiroda, H. Hara, J. L. Nagle, M. S. Chung, B. V. Jacak, B. Khachaturov, Hiroaki Ohnishi, C. Witzig, H. En'yo, W. W. Kinnison, V. Bumazhnov, Kenneth Francis Read, M. J. Tannenbaum, D. Kotchetkov, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, M. Sugioka, T. Matsumoto, W. C. Chang, S. Nagamiya, M. J. Leitch, T. A. Shibata, Roy A. Lacey, I. E. Yushmanov, G. Bunce, T. A. Carey, Z. Fraenkel, K. S. Sim, Hiroyuki Sako, D. P. Morrison, H. Tsuruoka, B. K. Nandi, Y. Akiba, T. Ferdousi, L. Nikkinen, S. Garpman, Z. Sun, D. Bucher, R. K. Choudhury, P. Pitukhin, Yongsun Kim, V. E. Semenov, Y. J. Kwon, German Martinez, Joakim Nystrand, H. A. Gustafsson, S. C. Johnson, J. Chiba, A. L. Godoi, Y. J. Mao, M. J. Kweon, A. Franz, P. W. Stankus, J. P. Sullivan, T. Christ, Norio Saito, B. R. Schlei, G. C. Mishra, Shunji Nishimura, R. E. Mischke, L. L. Chavez, H. Buesching, Jason Newby, N. N. Ajitanand, S. F. Pate, Yoshio Arai, X. Liu, S. Yokkaichi, Takao Sakaguchi, Athanasios Petridis, J. Murata, K. Imai, C. Klein-Boesing, Ju Hwan Kang, A. Ster, Xingguo Li, H. Delagrange, F. Matathias, F. G. Bellaiche, J. Barrette, A. D. Frawley, Viktor Riabov, S. H. Aronson, K. S. Joo, S. Klinksiek, A. Drees, Alexei Khanzadeev, S. S. Adler, S. P. Sorensen, M. Pollack, G. S. Kyle, T. C. Awes, Atsushi Taketani, K. Yagi, S. Zhou, E. Vznuzdaev, V. Baublis, S. T. Belyaev, N. Bruner, E. Stenlund, V.A. Onuchin, S. Belikov, James Alexander, Dong Jo Kim, Peter M. Nilsson, V. Papavassiliou, S. Esumi, P. Chand, Jun Kikuchi, B. V. Dinesh, A. Durum, F. Messer, M. A. Volkov, P. Steinberg, R. Averbeck, Byung-Sik Hong, A. Bazilevsky, Tai Sakuma, W. A. Zajc, Markus Merschmeyer, T. Shiina, T. C. Sangster, J. G. Lajoie, C. A. Ogilvie, G. R. Young, V. Cianciolo, An.A. Vorobyov, K. El Chenawi, D. S. Brown, A. Denisov, A. A. Rose, Alexandre Lebedev, I. Tserruya, Yu. Efremenko, D. M. Lee, N. Starinsky, Sergey Fokin, T. K. Hemmick, S. Sawada, S. K. Mark, V. Singh, P. L. McGaughey, Yasuo Miake, L. Aphecetche, A. Hoover, K. Adcox, Zhongfan Liu, D. Koehler, David D'Enterria, K. Ebisu, S. P. Stoll, Y. H. Shin, S. S. Kapoor, H. Torii, P. J. Kroon, J. M. Burward-Hoy, W. Guryn, Hirohiko Sato, Akira Masaike, K. Kurita, S. K. Tuli, M. Sivertz, R. P. Pisani, E. P. Hartouni, Nikolay Tyurin, Hideki Hamagaki, G. David, Wei Xie, A. Deshpande, W. Y. Jang, A. Kiyomichi, V. Kochetkov, J. S. Haggerty, S. Y. Kim, L. Kochenda, Y. Watanabe, A. Soldatov, I. Ravinovich, J. Lauret, Aya Sakaguchi, H. J. Kim, F. Plasil, T. Kohama, S. S. Ryu, J. T. Mitchell, Vladislav Manko, S. Kametani, Susumu Sato, M. D. Marx, M. Muniruzzaman, Juergen Thomas, K. N. Barish, T. Chujo, B. M. Johnson, M. Ono, S. N. White, Charles Maguire, Y. Sumi, Wei Tian, A. A. Tsvetkov, S. Bathe, Yasushi Nagasaka, Kensuke Homma, E. Melnikov, S. Chernichenko, M. L. Brooks, Agneta Oskarsson, Josh Moss, J.R. Mahon, B. Bassalleck, F. Mühlbacher, L. Ewell, S. Botelho, Y. Berdnikov, Brian Cole, M. Tamai, Lennart Osterman, Kazuhiro Tanaka, S. Y. Fung, Y. Nakada, E. Kistenev, I. Shein, Klaus Johannes Reygers, J. Chang, J. Simon-Gillo, T. Peitzmann, Saskia Mioduszewski, M. Messer, Mikhail Ippolitov, A. Kozlov, C. Velissaris, R. Seto, Zhedong Zhang, John Hill, K. Oyama, A. Glenn, H. Wang, Yves Roland Schutz, C. Pinkenburg, Shiv K. Gupta, Toru Sugitate, O. Dietzsch, J. M. Heuser, H. W. Van Hecke, E. M. Takagui, R. S. Towell, J. H. Thomas, I. G. Sibiriak, M. J. Bennett, N. Hayashi, X. He, M. Ishihara, D. S. Ho, Z. Li, C. Y. Chi, Dipanwita Dutta, Y. Tanaka, T. K. Shea, Julia Velkovska, M. Rosati, T. Ichihara, M. Velkovsky, F. K. Wohn, T. K. Ghosh, M. Kann, A. A. Vinogradov, Henrik Tydesjö, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, I. D. Ojha, P. D. Barnes, R. A. Soltz, M. Grosse Perdekamp, E. Taniguchi, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, Sean A. Kelly, M. Suzuki, Senta Greene, C. P. Singh, E. O'Brien, T. L. Thomas, Ryugo S. Hayano, S. Markacs, Y. Riabov, Kenta Shigaki, A. S. Nyanin, L. Paffrath, A. G. Hansen, and C. L. Woody
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Transverse momentum, General Physics and Astronomy, Production (computer science), Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Centrality, Spectral line
Abstract: Identified ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+/\ensuremath{-}}$, ${K}^{+/\ensuremath{-}}$, $p$, and $\overline{p}$ transverse momentum spectra at midrapidity in $\sqrt{{s}_{\mathrm{NN}}}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}130\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{GeV}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{Au}+\mathrm{Au}$ collisions were measured by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC as a function of collision centrality. Average transverse momenta increase with the number of participating nucleons in a similar way for all particle species. Within errors, all midrapidity particle yields per participant are found to be increasing with the number of participating nucleons. There is an indication that ${K}^{+/\ensuremath{-}}$, $p$, and $\overline{p}$ yields per participant increase faster than the ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+/\ensuremath{-}}$ yields. In central collisions at high transverse momenta $({p}_{T}\ensuremath{\gtrsim}2\mathrm{GeV}/c)$, $\overline{p}$ and $p$ yields are comparable to the ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+/\ensuremath{-}}$ yields.
Published: 2002
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28. Transverse-Mass Dependence of Two-Pion Correlations inAu+AuCollisions atsNN=130GeV

Author: Tai Sakuma, R. A. Soltz, P. L. McGaughey, V. S. Pantuev, S. K. Mark, M. Grosse Perdekamp, P. J. Kroon, J. M. Burward-Hoy, L. Paffrath, Y. Nakada, David D'Enterria, Takehiko Matsumoto, R. P. Pisani, J. T. Mitchell, Junji Tojo, B. Khachaturov, E. Taniguchi, Nikolay Tyurin, S. C. Johnson, K. N. Barish, O. Dietzsch, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, Vladislav Manko, S. Butsyk, Y. J. Mao, M. J. Kweon, T. Peitzmann, Saskia Mioduszewski, Vladimir Samsonov, I. Otterlund, S. T. Belyaev, A. G. Hansen, Dipanwita Dutta, M. D. Marx, S. K. Tuli, M. Ono, P. Pitukhin, Shunji Nishimura, H. Wang, H. En'yo, Julia Velkovska, W. W. Kinnison, M. J. Leitch, A. Kiyomichi, E. P. Hartouni, T. Chujo, Norio Saito, M. Rosati, Yves Roland Schutz, C. Pinkenburg, Shiv K. Gupta, H. Hara, J. L. Nagle, J. Chang, G. R. Young, M. Velkovsky, D. J. Lim, M. S. Chung, J. M. Heuser, Yasushi Nagasaka, Yoshio Arai, T. Kohama, H. Tsuruoka, Sean A. Kelly, T. E. Miller, C. L. Woody, W. Guryn, Y. I. Makdisi, E. M. Takagui, R. Santo, Ju Hwan Kang, A. A. Vinogradov, Henrik Tydesjö, M. Sugioka, M. L. Brooks, Joakim Nystrand, Susumu Sato, M. Muniruzzaman, V. Bumazhnov, M. Suzuki, A. Enokizono, P. Chung, Minghui Liu, Atsushi Taketani, S. Nagamiya, K. Pope, R. S. Towell, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, Y. J. Kwon, J. H. Thomas, Hideki Hamagaki, G. David, T. L. Thomas, M. J. Tannenbaum, W. C. Chang, K. S. Joo, G. Bunce, J. Lauret, Aya Sakaguchi, M. J. Bennett, R. K. Choudhury, Roy A. Lacey, Z. Sun, Kenneth Francis Read, Ryugo S. Hayano, Martin Purschke, N. Hayashi, J.R. Mahon, S. Markacs, S. N. White, Jason Newby, Y. Watanabe, H. Delagrange, Y. Riabov, Dong Jo Kim, Senta Greene, T. Ferdousi, D. S. Ho, S. Esumi, J. P. Sullivan, D. Bucher, Kenta Shigaki, C. Y. Chi, J. Murata, Hiroyuki Sako, A. S. Nyanin, A. Ster, F. G. Bellaiche, C. P. Singh, K. S. Sim, K. Yagi, S. Zhou, B. V. Dinesh, D. Kotchetkov, S. Kametani, W. A. Zajc, A. Soldatov, J. Chiba, S. S. Adler, G. S. Kyle, E. O'Brien, Markus Merschmeyer, I. Tserruya, James Alexander, S. H. Aronson, A. Franz, V. Cianciolo, E. J. Desmond, S. Bathe, M. A. Volkov, Z. Fraenkel, B. M. Johnson, Yu. Efremenko, G. C. Mishra, R. Averbeck, Byung-Sik Hong, A. Bazilevsky, V. Singh, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, T. A. Shibata, Sergey Fokin, M. Messer, Takao Sakaguchi, C. Klein-Boesing, Kensuke Homma, M. Hibino, A. P.T. Palounek, E. Melnikov, A. Denisov, J. Simon-Gillo, D. Koehler, A. A. Tsvetkov, A. A. Rose, Alexandre Lebedev, K. Ebisu, B. K. Nandi, A. Hoover, V.A. Onuchin, S. Belikov, D. M. Lee, A. D. Frawley, S. Chernichenko, S. Botelho, A. Kozlov, C. Velissaris, Y. Akiba, S. Garpman, S. P. Stoll, Brian Cole, F. Messer, T. Ichihara, H. W. Van Hecke, R. Seto, Zhedong Zhang, B. Bassalleck, F. Mühlbacher, C. A. Ogilvie, F. K. Wohn, L. Ewell, T. K. Ghosh, T. C. Awes, I. Shein, I. E. Yushmanov, J. S. Haggerty, Yongsun Kim, P. W. Stankus, A. Glenn, H. A. Gustafsson, P. Chand, Jun Kikuchi, T. K. Hemmick, Alexei Khanzadeev, German Martinez, Hirohiko Sato, T. C. Sangster, I. D. Ojha, S. Y. Kim, M. Pollack, N. Bruner, E. Stenlund, Yasuo Miake, B. R. Schlei, L. L. Chavez, S. Sawada, An.A. Vorobyov, V. Kochetkov, K. El Chenawi, Zhongfan Liu, Alexander Milov, Viktor Riabov, K. Imai, I. Ravinovich, F. Plasil, P. D. Barnes, N. Starinsky, K. Adcox, C. Witzig, D. P. Morrison, S. Y. Fung, S. S. Ryu, V. E. Semenov, T. Christ, X. He, W. Y. Jang, John Hill, K. Oyama, S. S. Kapoor, Toru Sugitate, I. G. Sibiriak, Z. Li, Athanasios Petridis, H. Torii, F. Matathias, J. Barrette, S. Klinksiek, A. Drees, S. F. Pate, V. Papavassiliou, Agneta Oskarsson, Y. Berdnikov, Lennart Osterman, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Klaus Johannes Reygers, S. P. Sorensen, Peter M. Nilsson, J. G. Lajoie, N. N. Ajitanand, Wei Xie, A. Durum, L. Kochenda, A. Deshpande, D. S. Brown, H. J. Kim, D. E. Fields, T. Ushiroda, Hiroaki Ohnishi, B. V. Jacak, T. A. Carey, Juergen Thomas, Charles Maguire, Y. Sumi, Wei Tian, L. Nikkinen, Josh Moss, R. E. Mischke, M. Tamai, E. Kistenev, L. Aphecetche, H. Buesching, Mikhail Ippolitov, M. Ishihara, Xingguo Li, Y. Tanaka, T. K. Shea, Akira Masaike, M. Kann, Y. H. Shin, K. Kurita, M. Sivertz, A. L. Godoi, X. Liu, S. Yokkaichi, E. Vznuzdaev, V. Baublis, P. Steinberg, and T. Shiina
Subjects: Physics, Longitudinal radius, Range (particle radiation), General Physics and Astronomy, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, Pion, Pair production, Correlation function, Transverse momentum, Transverse mass, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Two-pion correlations in roots(NN) = 130 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC have been measured over a broad range of pair transverse momentum k(T) by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. The k(T) dependent transverse radii are similar to results from heavy-ion collisions at roots(NN) = 4.1 , 4.9, and 17.3 GeV, whereas the longitudinal radius increases monotonically with beam energy. The ratio of the outwards to sidewards transverse radii (R-out/R-side) is consistent with unity and independent of k(T) .
Published: 2002
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29. Measurement of Single Electrons and Implications for Charm Production inAu+AuCollisions atsNN=130GeV

Author: Charles Maguire, Y. Sumi, Wei Tian, D. J. Lim, Josh Moss, M. Tamai, V.A. Onuchin, Minghui Liu, Sean A. Kelly, E. Kistenev, M. Suzuki, Mikhail Ippolitov, Kenneth Francis Read, Agneta Oskarsson, Y. Berdnikov, S. Belikov, P. Pitukhin, Lennart Osterman, Kazuhiro Tanaka, S. N. White, V. S. Pantuev, M. Rosati, M. Velkovsky, Senta Greene, B. Khachaturov, C. L. Woody, V. Bumazhnov, C. P. Singh, Joakim Nystrand, Shunji Nishimura, Klaus Johannes Reygers, S. Garpman, A. Ster, E. O'Brien, Tai Sakuma, S. S. Adler, G. S. Kyle, James Alexander, S. Kametani, M. Ishihara, F. Messer, R. A. Soltz, An.A. Vorobyov, A. A. Vinogradov, Henrik Tydesjö, Junji Tojo, K. Adcox, Y. Tanaka, M. Grosse Perdekamp, H. A. Gustafsson, T. K. Shea, T. C. Sangster, G. Bunce, R. Averbeck, K. S. Sim, P. L. McGaughey, D. E. Fields, Byung-Sik Hong, T. Ushiroda, B. M. Johnson, A. Bazilevsky, J. T. Mitchell, T. E. Miller, B. V. Jacak, T. L. Thomas, M. Kann, L. L. Chavez, W. C. Chang, R. Santo, H. En'yo, W. W. Kinnison, M. J. Leitch, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, Yongsun Kim, P. W. Stankus, Y. Watanabe, A. Denisov, S. Sawada, S. S. Kapoor, T. Ichihara, F. K. Wohn, H. Torii, T. K. Ghosh, E. J. Desmond, I. D. Ojha, M. Hibino, A. A. Rose, Alexandre Lebedev, Ryugo S. Hayano, T. A. Carey, L. Kochenda, S. Markacs, A. Kiyomichi, P. Chung, K. Pope, T. Ferdousi, A. P.T. Palounek, B. R. Schlei, P. J. Kroon, J. M. Burward-Hoy, Roy A. Lacey, J.R. Mahon, Y. Nakada, J. Chiba, A. Franz, S. F. Pate, Y. Riabov, Kenta Shigaki, H. J. Kim, S. Butsyk, D. M. Lee, V. Kochetkov, E. P. Hartouni, E. Taniguchi, G. C. Mishra, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, Vladimir Samsonov, H. Tsuruoka, I. Otterlund, Vladislav Manko, M. D. Marx, J. S. Haggerty, A. S. Nyanin, A. L. Godoi, S. Y. Kim, Viktor Riabov, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, J. Chang, T. A. Shibata, A. Soldatov, M. A. Volkov, Takao Sakaguchi, Juergen Thomas, S. K. Mark, P. D. Barnes, O. Dietzsch, Y. J. Kwon, B. K. Nandi, X. Liu, S. Yokkaichi, C. Klein-Boesing, N. N. Ajitanand, David D'Enterria, T. Chujo, I. E. Yushmanov, Hideki Hamagaki, V. Papavassiliou, G. David, Y. Akiba, H. Hara, J. L. Nagle, S. Y. Fung, A. D. Frawley, Dipanwita Dutta, L. Paffrath, S. Esumi, M. S. Chung, R. P. Pisani, E. Vznuzdaev, K. Imai, German Martinez, T. Kohama, B. V. Dinesh, C. A. Ogilvie, F. G. Bellaiche, W. A. Zajc, V. Baublis, Julia Velkovska, Z. Sun, J. Simon-Gillo, T. Peitzmann, Saskia Mioduszewski, Susumu Sato, J. P. Sullivan, T. K. Hemmick, Nikolay Tyurin, Hiroyuki Sako, M. Muniruzzaman, Yasuo Miake, V. Cianciolo, R. K. Choudhury, P. Steinberg, A. G. Hansen, Y. I. Makdisi, H. W. Van Hecke, T. Shiina, S. K. Tuli, H. Delagrange, Zhongfan Liu, S. Bathe, John Hill, K. Oyama, S. H. Aronson, Sergey Fokin, H. Wang, R. E. Mischke, Yves Roland Schutz, C. Pinkenburg, T. C. Awes, Shiv K. Gupta, A. A. Tsvetkov, Jason Newby, K. Yagi, S. Zhou, P. Chand, Jun Kikuchi, Kensuke Homma, E. Melnikov, A. Hoover, S. Botelho, J. M. Heuser, J. Murata, A. Durum, Toru Sugitate, A. Glenn, W. Y. Jang, Markus Merschmeyer, L. Aphecetche, S. Chernichenko, W. Guryn, I. G. Sibiriak, I. Shein, M. J. Tannenbaum, Alexei Khanzadeev, M. Pollack, N. Bruner, E. Stenlund, B. Bassalleck, F. Mühlbacher, L. Ewell, D. S. Brown, E. M. Takagui, B. A. Cole, Z. Li, Athanasios Petridis, F. Matathias, M. Sugioka, D. Bucher, I. Ravinovich, S. Nagamiya, R. S. Towell, F. Plasil, Norio Saito, Akira Masaike, J. Barrette, J. H. Thomas, S. Klinksiek, Yoshio Arai, A. Drees, S. S. Ryu, N. Starinsky, J. Lauret, Aya Sakaguchi, M. J. Bennett, Ju Hwan Kang, N. Hayashi, S. T. Belyaev, D. S. Ho, C. Y. Chi, Wei Xie, G. R. Young, K. El Chenawi, Martin Purschke, D. Kotchetkov, Z. Fraenkel, S. C. Johnson, Y. J. Mao, M. J. Kweon, Atsushi Taketani, Alexander Milov, C. Witzig, D. P. Morrison, V. E. Semenov, A. Deshpande, T. Christ, I. Tserruya, Yu. Efremenko, V. Singh, Y. H. Shin, D. Koehler, K. Kurita, K. Ebisu, S. P. Stoll, M. Sivertz, Hirohiko Sato, Hiroaki Ohnishi, X. He, L. Nikkinen, K. S. Joo, Dong Jo Kim, Takehiko Matsumoto, K. N. Barish, M. Ono, H. Buesching, Yasushi Nagasaka, M. L. Brooks, Xingguo Li, S. P. Sorensen, M. Messer, A. Kozlov, C. Velissaris, R. Seto, Zhedong Zhang, Peter M. Nilsson, J. G. Lajoie, and T. Hachiya
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Photon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Electron, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Yield (chemistry), 0103 physical sciences, Transverse momentum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Charm (quantum number), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
Abstract: Transverse momentum spectra of electrons from Au+Au collisions at roots(NN) = 130 GeV have been measured at midrapidity by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The spectra show an excess above the background from photon conversions and light hadron decays. The electron signal is consistent with that expected from semileptonic decays of charm. The yield of the electron signal dN(e)/dy for p(T) > 0.8 GeV/c is 0.025 +/- 0.004(stat) +/- 0.010( syst) in central collisions, and the corresponding charm cross section is 380 +/- 60(stat) +/- 200(syst ) mub per binary nucleon-nucleon collision.
Published: 2002
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30. Measurement of Lambda and Lambda(macro) particles in Au+Au collisions at the square root of S(NN) = 130 GeV

Author: K, Adcox, S S, Adler, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, J, Alexander, L, Aphecetche, Y, Arai, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, J, Barrette, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, F G, Bellaiche, S T, Belyaev, M J, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, S, Botelho, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, N, Bruner, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, T A, Carey, P, Chand, J, Chang, W C, Chang, L L, Chavez, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, R K, Choudhury, T, Christ, T, Chujo, M S, Chung, P, Chung, V, Cianciolo, B A, Cole, D G, D'Enterria, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, B V, Dinesh, A, Drees, A, Durum, D, Dutta, K, Ebisu, Y V, Efremenko, K, el-Chenawi, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, L, Ewell, T, Ferdousi, D E, Fields, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, S-Y, Fung, S, Garpman, T K, Ghosh, A, Glenn, A L, Godoi, Y, Goto, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, S K, Gupta, W, Guryn, H-A, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, H, Hamagaki, A G, Hansen, H, Hara, E P, Hartouni, R, Hayano, N, Hayashi, X, He, T K, Hemmick, J M, Heuser, M, Hibino, J C, Hill, D S, Ho, K, Homma, B, Hong, A, Hoover, T, Ichihara, K, Imai, M S, Ippolitov, M, Ishihara, B V, Jacak, W Y, Jang, J, Jia, B M, Johnson, S C, Johnson, K S, Joo, S, Kametani, J H, Kang, M, Kann, S S, Kapoor, S, Kelly, B, Khachaturov, A, Khanzadeev, J, Kikuchi, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kim, W W, Kinnison, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, S, Klinksiek, L, Kochenda, V, Kochetkov, D, Koehler, T, Kohama, D, Kotchetkov, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, J, Lauret, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, M J, Leitch, X H, Li, Z, Li, D J, Lim, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Liu, C F, Maguire, J, Mahon, Y I, Makdisi, V I, Manko, Y, Mao, S K, Mark, S, Markacs, G, Martinez, M D, Marx, A, Masaike, F, Matathias, T, Matsumoto, P L, McGaughey, E, Melnikov, M, Merschmeyer, F, Messer, M, Messer, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, R E, Mischke, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, F, Mühlbacher, D, Mukhopadhyay, M, Muniruzzaman, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagasaka, J L, Nagle, Y, Nakada, B K, Nandi, J, Newby, L, Nikkinen, P, Nilsson, S, Nishimura, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, M, Ono, V, Onuchin, A, Oskarsson, L, Osterman, I, Otterlund, K, Oyama, L, Paffrath, D, Pal, A P T, Palounek, V S, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, S F, Pate, T, Peitzmann, A N, Petridis, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, P, Pitukhin, F, Plasil, M, Pollack, K, Pope, M L, Purschke, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, M, Rosati, A A, Rose, S S, Ryu, N, Saito, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sakaguchi, H, Sako, T, Sakuma, V, Samsonov, T C, Sangster, R, Santo, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, B R, Schlei, Y, Schutz, V, Semenov, R, Seto, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, T, Shiina, Y H, Shin, I G, Sibiriak, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, J, Simon-Gillo, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Sivertz, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, S, Sorensen, P W, Stankus, N, Starinsky, P, Steinberg, E, Stenlund, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, M, Sugioka, T, Sugitate, J P, Sullivan, Y, Sumi, Z, Sun, M, Suzuki, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, M, Tamai, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, E, Taniguchi, M J, Tannenbaum, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Thomas, W, Tian, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, H, Tsuruoka, A A, Tsvetkov, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, T, Ushiroda, H W, Van Hecke, C, Velissaris, J, Velkovska, M, Velkovsky, A A, Vinogradov, M A, Volkov, A, Vorobyov, E, Vznuzdaev, H, Wang, Y, Watanabe, S N, White, C, Witzig, F K, Wohn, C L, Woody, W, Xie, K, Yagi, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, Z, Zhang, and S, Zhou
Abstract: We present results on the measurement of Lambda and Lambda(macro) production in Au+Au collisions at square root of (S (NN) = 130 GeV with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The transverse momentum spectra were measured for minimum bias and for the 5% most central events. The Lambda;/Lambda ratios are constant as a function of p(T) and the number of participants. The measured net Lambda density is significantly larger than predicted by models based on hadronic strings (e.g., HIJING) but in approximate agreement with models which include the gluon-junction mechanism.
Published: 2002

31. Flow measurements via two-particle azimuthal correlations in Au + Au collisions at sqrt [s(NN)]=130 GeV

Author: K, Adcox, S S, Adler, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, J, Alexander, L, Aphecetche, Y, Arai, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, J, Barrette, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, F G, Bellaiche, S T, Belyaev, M J, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, S, Botelho, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, N, Bruner, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, T A, Carey, P, Chand, J, Chang, W C, Chang, L L, Chavez, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, R K, Choudhury, T, Christ, T, Chujo, M S, Chung, P, Chung, V, Cianciolo, B A, Cole, D G, D'Enterria, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, B V, Dinesh, A, Drees, A, Durum, D, Dutta, K, Ebisu, Y V, Efremenko, K, El Chenawi, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, L, Ewell, T, Ferdousi, D E, Fields, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, S-Y, Fung, S, Garpman, T K, Ghosh, A, Glenn, A L, Godoi, Y, Goto, S V, Greene, M Grosse, Perdekamp, S K, Gupta, W, Guryn, H-A, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, H, Hamagaki, A G, Hansen, H, Hara, E P, Hartouni, R, Hayano, N, Hayashi, X, He, T K, Hemmick, J M, Heuser, M, Hibino, J C, Hill, D S, Ho, K, Homma, B, Hong, A, Hoover, T, Ichihara, K, Imai, M S, Ippolitov, M, Ishihara, B V, Jacak, W Y, Jang, J, Jia, B M, Johnson, S C, Johnson, K S, Joo, S, Kametani, J H, Kang, M, Kann, S S, Kapoor, S, Kelly, B, Khachaturov, A, Khanzadeev, J, Kikuchi, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kim, W W, Kinnison, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, S, Klinksiek, L, Kochenda, V, Kochetkov, D, Koehler, T, Kohama, D, Kotchetkov, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, J, Lauret, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, M J, Leitch, X H, Li, Z, Li, D J, Lim, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Liu, C F, Maguire, J, Mahon, Y I, Makdisi, V I, Manko, Y, Mao, S K, Mark, S, Markacs, G, Martinez, M D, Marx, A, Masaike, F, Matathias, T, Matsumoto, P L, McGaughey, E, Melnikov, M, Merschmeyer, F, Messer, M, Messer, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, R E, Mischke, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, F, Mühlbacher, M, Muniruzzaman, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagasaka, J L, Nagle, Y, Nakada, B K, Nandi, J, Newby, L, Nikkinen, P, Nilsson, S, Nishimura, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, M, Ono, V, Onuchin, A, Oskarsson, L, Osterman, I, Otterlund, K, Oyama, L, Paffrath, A P T, Palounek, V S, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, S F, Pate, T, Peitzmann, A N, Petridis, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, P, Pitukhin, F, Plasil, M, Pollack, K, Pope, M L, Purschke, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, M, Rosati, A A, Rose, S S, Ryu, N, Saito, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sakaguchi, H, Sako, T, Sakuma, V, Samsonov, T C, Sangster, R, Santo, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, B R, Schlei, Y, Schutz, V, Semenov, R, Seto, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, T, Shiina, Y H, Shin, I G, Sibiriak, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, J, Simon-Gillo, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Sivertz, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, S, Sorensen, P W, Stankus, N, Starinsky, P, Steinberg, E, Stenlund, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, M, Sugioka, T, Sugitate, J P, Sullivan, Y, Sumi, Z, Sun, M, Suzuki, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, M, Tamai, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, E, Taniguchi, M J, Tannenbaum, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Thomas, W, Tian, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, H, Tsuruoka, A A, Tsvetkov, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, T, Ushiroda, H W, Van Hecke, C, Velissaris, J, Velkovska, M, Velkovsky, A A, Vinogradov, M A, Volkov, A, Vorobyov, E, Vznuzdaev, H, Wang, Y, Watanabe, S N, White, C, Witzig, F K, Wohn, C L, Woody, W, Xie, K, Yagi, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, Z, Zhang, and S, Zhou
Abstract: Two-particle azimuthal correlation functions are presented for charged hadrons produced in Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (sqrt [s(NN)]=130 GeV). The measurements permit determination of elliptic flow without event-by-event estimation of the reaction plane. The extracted elliptic flow values (v2) show significant sensitivity to both the collision centrality and the transverse momenta of emitted hadrons, suggesting rapid thermalization and relatively strong velocity fields. When scaled by the eccentricity of the collision zone epsilon, the scaled elliptic flow shows little or no dependence on centrality for charged hadrons with relatively low p(T). A breakdown of this epsilon scaling is observed for charged hadrons with pT1.0 GeV/c.
Published: 2002

32. Net charge fluctuations in Au + Au interactions at sqrt[s(NN)]=130 GeV

Author: K, Adcox, S S, Adler, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, J, Alexander, L, Aphecetche, Y, Arai, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, J, Barrette, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, F G, Bellaiche, S T, Belyaev, M J, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, S, Botelho, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, N, Bruner, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, T A, Carey, P, Chand, J, Chang, W C, Chang, L L, Chavez, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, R K, Choudhury, T, Christ, T, Chujo, M S, Chung, P, Chung, V, Cianciolo, B A, Cole, D G, D'Enterria, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, B V, Dinesh, A, Drees, A, Durum, D, Dutta, K, Ebisu, Y V, Efremenko, K, El Chenawi, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, L, Ewell, T, Ferdousi, D E, Fields, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, S-Y, Fung, S, Garpman, T K, Ghosh, A, Glenn, A L, Godoi, Y, Goto, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, S K, Gupta, W, Guryn, H-A, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, H, Hamagaki, A G, Hansen, H, Hara, E P, Hartouni, R, Hayano, N, Hayashi, X, He, T K, Hemmick, J M, Heuser, M, Hibino, J C, Hill, D S, Ho, K, Homma, B, Hong, A, Hoover, T, Ichihara, K, Imai, M S, Ippolitov, M, Ishihara, B V, Jacak, W Y, Jang, J, Jia, B M, Johnson, S C, Johnson, K S, Joo, S, Kametani, J H, Kang, M, Kann, S S, Kapoor, S, Kelly, B, Khachaturov, A, Khanzadeev, J, Kikuchi, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kim, W W, Kinnison, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, S, Klinksiek, L, Kochenda, V, Kochetkov, D, Koehler, T, Kohama, D, Kotchetkov, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, J, Lauret, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, M J, Leitch, X H, Li, Z, Li, D J, Lim, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Liu, C F, Maguire, J, Mahon, Y I, Makdisi, V I, Manko, Y, Mao, S K, Mark, S, Markacs, G, Martinez, M D, Marx, A, Masaike, F, Matathias, T, Matsumoto, P L, McGaughey, E, Melnikov, M, Merschmeyer, F, Messer, M, Messer, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, R E, Mischke, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, F, Mühlbacher, M, Muniruzzaman, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagasaka, J L, Nagle, Y, Nakada, B K, Nandi, J, Newby, L, Nikkinen, P, Nilsson, S, Nishimura, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, M, Ono, V, Onuchin, A, Oskarsson, L, Osterman, I, Otterlund, K, Oyama, L, Paffrath, A P T, Palounek, V S, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, S F, Pate, T, Peitzmann, A N, Petridis, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, P, Pitukhin, F, Plasil, M, Pollack, K, Pope, M L, Purschke, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, M, Rosati, A A, Rose, S S, Ryu, N, Saito, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sakaguchi, H, Sako, T, Sakuma, V, Samsonov, T C, Sangster, R, Santo, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, B R, Schlei, Y, Schutz, V, Semenov, R, Seto, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, T, Shiina, Y H, Shin, I G, Sibiriak, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, J, Simon-Gillo, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Sivertz, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, S, Sorensen, P W, Stankus, N, Starinsky, P, Steinberg, E, Stenlund, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, M, Sugioka, T, Sugitate, J P, Sullivan, Y, Sumi, Z, Sun, M, Suzuki, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, M, Tamai, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, E, Taniguchi, M J, Tannenbaum, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Thomas, W, Tian, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, H, Tsuruoka, A A, Tsvetkov, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, T, Ushiroda, H W, van Hecke, C, Velissaris, J, Velkovska, M, Velkovsky, A A, Vinogradov, M A, Volkov, A, Vorobyov, E, Vznuzdaev, H, Wang, Y, Watanabe, S N, White, C, Witzig, F K, Wohn, C L, Woody, W, Xie, K, Yagi, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, Z, Zhang, and S, Zhou
Abstract: Data from Au + Au interactions at sqrt[s(NN)]=130 GeV, obtained with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider, are used to investigate local net charge fluctuations among particles produced near midrapidity. According to recent suggestions, such fluctuations may carry information from the quark-gluon plasma. This analysis shows that the fluctuations are dominated by a stochastic distribution of particles, but are also sensitive to other effects, like global charge conservation and resonance decays.
Published: 2002

33. Measurement of single electrons and implications for charm production in Au+Au collisions at square root[s(NN)] = 130 GeV

Author: K, Adcox, S S, Adler, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, J, Alexander, L, Aphecetche, Y, Arai, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, J, Barrette, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, F G, Bellaiche, S T, Belyaev, M J, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, S, Botelho, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, N, Bruner, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, T A, Carey, P, Chand, J, Chang, W C, Chang, L L, Chavez, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, R K, Choudhury, T, Christ, T, Chujo, M S, Chung, P, Chung, V, Cianciolo, B A, Cole, D G, D'Enterria, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, B V, Dinesh, A, Drees, A, Durum, D, Dutta, K, Ebisu, Y V, Efremenko, K, El Chenawi, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, L, Ewell, T, Ferdousi, D E, Fields, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, S-Y, Fung, S, Garpman, T K, Ghosh, A, Glenn, A L, Godoi, Y, Goto, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, S K, Gupta, W, Guryn, H-A, Gustafsson, T, Hachiya, J S, Haggerty, H, Hamagaki, A G, Hansen, H, Hara, E P, Hartouni, R, Hayano, N, Hayashi, X, He, T K, Hemmick, J M, Heuser, M, Hibino, J C, Hill, D S, Ho, K, Homma, B, Hong, A, Hoover, T, Ichihara, K, Imai, M S, Ippolitov, M, Ishihara, B V, Jacak, W Y, Jang, J, Jia, B M, Johnson, S C, Johnson, K S, Joo, S, Kametani, J H, Kang, M, Kann, S S, Kapoor, S, Kelly, B, Khachaturov, A, Khanzadeev, J, Kikuchi, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kim, W W, Kinnison, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, S, Klinksiek, L, Kochenda, V, Kochetkov, D, Koehler, T, Kohama, D, Kotchetkov, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, J, Lauret, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, M J, Leitch, X H, Li, Z, Li, D J, Lim, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Liu, C F, Maguire, J, Mahon, Y I, Makdisi, V I, Manko, Y, Mao, S K, Mark, S, Markacs, G, Martinez, M D, Marx, A, Masaike, F, Matathias, T, Matsumoto, P L, McGaughey, E, Melnikov, M, Merschmeyer, F, Messer, M, Messer, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, R E, Mischke, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, F, Mühlbacher, M, Muniruzzaman, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagasaka, J L, Nagle, Y, Nakada, B K, Nandi, J, Newby, L, Nikkinen, P, Nilsson, S, Nishimura, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, M, Ono, V, Onuchin, A, Oskarsson, L, Osterman, I, Otterlund, K, Oyama, L, Paffrath, A P T, Palounek, V S, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, S F, Pate, T, Peitzmann, A N, Petridis, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, P, Pitukhin, F, Plasil, M, Pollack, K, Pope, M L, Purschke, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, M, Rosati, A A, Rose, S S, Ryu, N, Saito, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sakaguchi, H, Sako, T, Sakuma, V, Samsonov, T C, Sangster, R, Santo, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, B R, Schlei, Y, Schutz, V, Semenov, R, Seto, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, T, Shiina, Y H, Shin, I G, Sibiriak, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, J, Simon-Gillo, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Sivertz, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, S, Sorensen, P W, Stankus, N, Starinsky, P, Steinberg, E, Stenlund, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, M, Sugioka, T, Sugitate, J P, Sullivan, Y, Sumi, Z, Sun, M, Suzuki, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, M, Tamai, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, E, Taniguchi, M J, Tannenbaum, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Thomas, W, Tian, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, H, Tsuruoka, A A, Tsvetkov, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, T, Ushiroda, H W, Van Hecke, C, Velissaris, J, Velkovska, M, Velkovsky, A A, Vinogradov, M A, Volkov, A, Vorobyov, E, Vznuzdaev, H, Wang, Y, Watanabe, S N, White, C, Witzig, F K, Wohn, C L, Woody, W, Xie, K, Yagi, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, Z, Zhang, and S, Zhou
Abstract: Transverse momentum spectra of electrons from Au+Au collisions at square root[s(NN)] = 130 GeV have been measured at midrapidity by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The spectra show an excess above the background from photon conversions and light hadron decays. The electron signal is consistent with that expected from semileptonic decays of charm. The yield of the electron signal dN(e)/dy for p(T)0.8 GeV/c is 0.025+/-0.004(stat)+/-0.010(syst) in central collisions, and the corresponding charm cross section is 380+/-60(stat)+/-200(syst) microb per binary nucleon-nucleon collision.
Published: 2002

34. Transverse-mass dependence of two-pion correlations in Au+Au collisions at square root[s(NN)] = 130 GeV

Author: K, Adcox, S S, Adler, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, J, Alexander, L, Aphecetche, Y, Arai, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, J, Barrette, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, F G, Bellaiche, S T, Belyaev, M J, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, S, Botelho, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, N, Bruner, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, T A, Carey, P, Chand, J, Chang, W C, Chang, L L, Chavez, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, R K, Choudhury, T, Christ, T, Chujo, M S, Chung, P, Chung, V, Cianciolo, B A, Cole, D G, D'Enterria, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, B V, Dinesh, A, Drees, A, Durum, D, Dutta, K, Ebisu, Y V, Efremenko, K, El Chenawi, A, Enokizono, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, L, Ewell, T, Ferdousi, D E, Fields, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, S-Y, Fung, S, Garpman, T K, Ghosh, A, Glenn, A L, Godoi, Y, Goto, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, S K, Gupta, W, Guryn, H-A, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, H, Hamagaki, A G, Hansen, H, Hara, E P, Hartouni, R, Hayano, N, Hayashi, X, He, T K, Hemmick, J M, Heuser, M, Hibino, J C, Hill, D S, Ho, K, Homma, B, Hong, A, Hoover, T, Ichihara, K, Imai, M S, Ippolitov, M, Ishihara, B V, Jacak, W Y, Jang, J, Jia, B M, Johnson, S C, Johnson, K S, Joo, S, Kametani, J H, Kang, M, Kann, S S, Kapoor, S, Kelly, B, Khachaturov, A, Khanzadeev, J, Kikuchi, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kim, W W, Kinnison, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, S, Klinksiek, L, Kochenda, V, Kochetkov, D, Koehler, T, Kohama, D, Kotchetkov, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, J, Lauret, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, M J, Leitch, X H, Li, Z, Li, D J, Lim, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Liu, C F, Maguire, J, Mahon, Y I, Makdisi, V I, Manko, Y, Mao, S K, Mark, S, Markacs, G, Martinez, M D, Marx, A, Masaike, F, Matathias, T, Matsumoto, P L, McGaughey, E, Melnikov, M, Merschmeyer, F, Messer, M, Messer, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, R E, Mischke, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, F, Mühlbacher, M, Muniruzzaman, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagasaka, J L, Nagle, Y, Nakada, B K, Nandi, J, Newby, L, Nikkinen, P, Nilsson, S, Nishimura, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, M, Ono, V, Onuchin, A, Oskarsson, L, Osterman, I, Otterlund, K, Oyama, L, Paffrath, A P T, Palounek, V S, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, S F, Pate, T, Peitzmann, A N, Petridis, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, P, Pitukhin, F, Plasil, M, Pollack, K, Pope, M L, Purschke, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, M, Rosati, A A, Rose, S S, Ryu, N, Saito, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sakaguchi, H, Sako, T, Sakuma, V, Samsonov, T C, Sangster, R, Santo, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, B R, Schlei, Y, Schutz, V, Semenov, R, Seto, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, T, Shiina, Y H, Shin, I G, Sibiriak, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, J, Simon-Gillo, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Sivertz, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, S, Sorensen, P W, Stankus, N, Starinsky, P, Steinberg, E, Stenlund, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, M, Sugioka, T, Sugitate, J P, Sullivan, Y, Sumi, Z, Sun, M, Suzuki, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, M, Tamai, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, E, Taniguchi, M J, Tannenbaum, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Thomas, W, Tian, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, H, Tsuruoka, A A, Tsvetkov, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, T, Ushiroda, H W, Van Hecke, C, Velissaris, J, Velkovska, M, Velkovsky, A A, Vinogradov, M A, Volkov, A, Vorobyov, E, Vznuzdaev, H, Wang, Y, Watanabe, S N, White, C, Witzig, F K, Wohn, C L, Woody, W, Xie, K, Yagi, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, Z, Zhang, and S, Zhou
Abstract: Two-pion correlations in square root[s(NN)] = 130 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC have been measured over a broad range of pair transverse momentum k(T) by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. The k(T) dependent transverse radii are similar to results from heavy-ion collisions at square root[s(NN)] = 4.1, 4.9, and 17.3 GeV, whereas the longitudinal radius increases monotonically with beam energy. The ratio of the outwards to sidewards transverse radii (R(out)/R(side)) is consistent with unity and independent of k(T).
Published: 2002

35. Suppression of Hadrons with Large Transverse Momentum in CentralAu+AuCollisions atsNN=130GeV

Author: J. Chiba, M. Ishihara, A. Denisov, S. Sawada, S. N. White, T. L. Thomas, S. S. Kapoor, A. Franz, H. Torii, R. E. Mischke, Martin Purschke, Hiroaki Ohnishi, L. Aphecetche, Y. Tanaka, S. F. Pate, X. He, H. Tsuruoka, V. Papavassiliou, T. Ichihara, Ryugo S. Hayano, Alexei Khanzadeev, T. K. Shea, H. En'yo, R. A. Soltz, G. C. Mishra, J. Jia, A. Ster, S. Markacs, Akira Masaike, M. Grosse Perdekamp, L. Nikkinen, Y. Riabov, R. S. Towell, D. Kotchetkov, J. H. Thomas, Kenta Shigaki, F. K. Wohn, Alexander Milov, T. K. Ghosh, M. Pollack, N. Bruner, E. Stenlund, S. T. Belyaev, M. Kann, Kwang Souk Sim, Vladislav Manko, C. Witzig, Takao Sakaguchi, I. G. Sibiriak, C. Klein-Boesing, S. S. Adler, G. S. Kyle, E. Taniguchi, H. Buesching, P. Pitukhin, M. J. Bennett, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, A. S. Nyanin, M. D. Marx, F. Messer, D. J. Lim, V. Kochetkov, Z. Fraenkel, Xingguo Li, N. Hayashi, M. Rosati, I. D. Ojha, Takehiko Matsumoto, S. Nagamiya, Sean A. Kelly, K. N. Barish, An.A. Vorobyov, D. P. Morrison, G. R. Young, C. L. Woody, D. S. Ho, Minghui Liu, C. Y. Chi, A. D. Frawley, M. Suzuki, M. Ono, M. Velkovsky, D. E. Fields, Shunji Nishimura, T. Ushiroda, T. Chujo, K. Kurita, James Alexander, Youngil Kwon, B. V. Jacak, V. E. Semenov, Charles Maguire, Y. Sumi, Wei Tian, T. Christ, N. Starinsky, Senta Greene, B. R. Schlei, K. Adcox, J. Simon-Gillo, M. Sivertz, Kenneth Francis Read, C. P. Singh, B. Khachaturov, Wei Xie, Yasushi Nagasaka, Y. H. Shin, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, T. A. Carey, A. Deshpande, E. O'Brien, R. Averbeck, A. Kiyomichi, T. Peitzmann, Josh Moss, Tai Sakuma, Saskia Mioduszewski, P. D. Barnes, A. A. Vinogradov, Henrik Tydesjö, M. L. Brooks, K. S. Joo, Byung-Sik Hong, M. Tamai, S. P. Sorensen, P. L. McGaughey, V.A. Onuchin, S. Belikov, Y. Goto, W. Guryn, M. Sugioka, V. Bumazhnov, Peter M. Nilsson, A. Bazilevsky, T. A. Shibata, L. Paffrath, S. K. Tuli, E. Kistenev, Dong Jo Kim, Joakim Nystrand, J. C. Hill, P. J. Kroon, J. M. Burward-Hoy, J. G. Lajoie, H. Wang, Yves Roland Schutz, C. Pinkenburg, N. N. Ajitanand, A. Glenn, Agneta Oskarsson, T. Kohama, A. L. Godoi, J. Lauret, Mikhail Ippolitov, Susumu Sato, M. Messer, Aya Sakaguchi, A. Kozlov, C. Velissaris, T. C. Sangster, Y. Berdnikov, R. Seto, Zhedong Zhang, X. Liu, S. Yokkaichi, Lennart Osterman, Shiv K. Gupta, J. M. Heuser, I. Tserruya, Yu. Efremenko, Kazuhiro Tanaka, V. Singh, B. K. Nandi, M. Muniruzzaman, Y. Akiba, A. G. Hansen, Klaus Johannes Reygers, Y. I. Makdisi, Z. Sun, S. Botelho, Jason Newby, E. Vznuzdaev, J. Murata, E. M. Takagui, B. A. Cole, A. Durum, V. Baublis, S. Esumi, S. Kametani, J. P. Sullivan, E. P. Hartouni, A. A. Rose, Alexandre Lebedev, P. Steinberg, J. Chang, B. V. Dinesh, T. Shiina, W. A. Zajc, D. Koehler, S. Bathe, K. El Chenawi, Y. Nakada, S. K. Mark, K. Ebisu, S. P. Stoll, T. C. Awes, S. C. Johnson, Y. J. Mao, David D'Enterria, M. J. Kweon, D. S. Brown, A. A. Tsvetkov, L. Kochenda, D. M. Lee, Kensuke Homma, S. Y. Fung, E. J. Desmond, E. Melnikov, V. Cianciolo, P. Chand, Jun Kikuchi, O. Dietzsch, Sergey Fokin, Hirohiko Sato, German Martinez, J. T. Mitchell, B. M. Johnson, A. Hoover, S. Chernichenko, B. Bassalleck, F. Mühlbacher, L. Ewell, R. P. Pisani, I. Shein, H. W. Van Hecke, M. Hibino, Nikolay Tyurin, K. Oyama, A. P.T. Palounek, Dipanwita Dutta, Toru Sugitate, F. G. Bellaiche, S. Garpman, S. H. Aronson, M. J. Tannenbaum, J.R. Mahon, H. A. Gustafsson, Julia Velkovska, Z. Li, Atsushi Taketani, T. E. Miller, L. L. Chavez, K. Imai, I. E. Yushmanov, Y. Watanabe, V. S. Pantuev, R. Santo, Viktor Riabov, J. S. Haggerty, S. Y. Kim, Juergen Thomas, I. Ravinovich, F. Plasil, A. Soldatov, P. Chung, K. Pope, D. Bucher, S. S. Ryu, Junji Tojo, R. K. Choudhury, W. C. Chang, H. Delagrange, Hiroyuki Sako, W. W. Kinnison, M. J. Leitch, K. Yagi, Roy A. Lacey, S. Zhou, Markus Merschmeyer, Norio Saito, S. Butsyk, Yoshio Arai, Vladimir Samsonov, I. Otterlund, H. Hara, J. L. Nagle, M. S. Chung, Hyun-Chul Kim, M. A. Volkov, Hideki Hamagaki, G. David, C. A. Ogilvie, J. Kang, T. K. Hemmick, Yasuo Miake, Yongsun Kim, P. W. Stankus, Zhongfan Liu, W. Y. Jang, G. Bunce, T. Ferdousi, Athanasios Petridis, F. Matathias, J. Barrette, S. Klinksiek, and A. Drees
Subjects: Physics, Range (particle radiation), Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Central region, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Pion, 0103 physical sciences, Transverse momentum, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Jet quenching, Scaling
Abstract: Transverse momentum spectra for charged hadrons and for neutral pions in the range 1 Gev/c < P-T < 5 GeV/c have been measured by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC in Au + Au collisions at rootS(NN) = 130 GeV. At high p(T) the spectra from peripheral nuclear collisions are consistent with scaling the spectra from p + p collisions by the average number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions. The spectra from central collisions are significantly suppressed when compared to the binary-scaled p + p expectation, and also when compared to similarly binary-scaled peripheral collisions, indicating a novel nuclear-medium effect in central nuclear collisions at RHIC energies.
Published: 2001
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36. Centrality dependence of pi(+/-), K(+/-), p, and (-)p production from sqrt[s(NN)] = 130 GeV Au + Au collisions at RHIC

Author: K, Adcox, S S, Adler, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, J, Alexander, L, Aphecetche, Y, Arai, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, J, Barrette, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, F G, Bellaiche, S T, Belyaev, M J, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, S, Botelho, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, N, Bruner, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, T A, Carey, P, Chand, J, Chang, W C, Chang, L L, Chavez, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, R K, Choudhury, T, Christ, T, Chujo, M S, Chung, P, Chung, V, Cianciolo, B A, Cole, D G, D'Enterria, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, B V, Dinesh, A, Drees, A, Durum, D, Dutta, K, Ebisu, Y V, Efremenko, K, El Chenawi, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, L, Ewell, T, Ferdousi, D E, Fields, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, S-Y, Fung, S, Garpman, T K, Ghosh, A, Glenn, A L, Godoi, Y, Goto, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, S K, Gupta, W, Guryn, H-A, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, H, Hamagaki, A G, Hansen, H, Hara, E P, Hartouni, R, Hayano, N, Hayashi, X, He, T K, Hemmick, J M, Heuser, M, Hibino, J C, Hill, D S, Ho, K, Homma, B, Hong, A, Hoover, T, Ichihara, K, Imai, M S, Ippolitov, M, Ishihara, B V, Jacak, W Y, Jang, J, Jia, B M, Johnson, S C, Johnson, K S, Joo, S, Kametani, J H, Kang, M, Kann, S S, Kapoor, S, Kelly, B, Khachaturov, A, Khanzadeev, J, Kikuchi, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kim, W W, Kinnison, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, S, Klinksiek, L, Kochenda, V, Kochetkov, D, Koehler, T, Kohama, D, Kotchetkov, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, J, Lauret, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, M J, Leitch, X H, Li, Z, Li, D J, Lim, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Liu, C F, Maguire, J, Mahon, Y I, Makdisi, V I, Manko, Y, Mao, S K, Mark, S, Markacs, G, Martinez, M D, Marx, A, Masaike, F, Matathias, T, Matsumoto, P L, McGaughey, E, Melnikov, M, Merschmeyer, F, Messer, M, Messer, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, R E, Mischke, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, F, Mühlbacher, M, Muniruzzaman, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagasaka, J L, Nagle, Y, Nakada, B K, Nandi, J, Newby, L, Nikkinen, P, Nilsson, S, Nishimura, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, M, Ono, V, Onuchin, A, Oskarsson, L, Osterman, I, Otterlund, K, Oyama, L, Paffrath, A P T, Palounek, V S, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, S F, Pate, T, Peitzmann, A N, Petridis, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, P, Pitukhin, F, Plasil, M, Pollack, K, Pope, M L, Purschke, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, M, Rosati, A A, Rose, S S, Ryu, N, Saito, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sakaguchi, H, Sako, T, Sakuma, V, Samsonov, T C, Sangster, R, Santo, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, B R, Schlei, Y, Schutz, V, Semenov, R, Seto, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, T, Shiina, Y H, Shin, I G, Sibiriak, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, J, Simon-Gillo, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Sivertz, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, S, Sorensen, P W, Stankus, N, Starinsky, P, Steinberg, E, Stenlund, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, M, Sugioka, T, Sugitate, J P, Sullivan, Y, Sumi, Z, Sun, M, Suzuki, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, M, Tamai, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, E, Taniguchi, M J, Tannenbaum, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Thomas, W, Tian, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, H, Tsuruoka, A A, Tsvetkov, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, T, Ushiroda, H W, van Hecke, C, Velissaris, J, Velkovska, M, Velkovsky, A A, Vinogradov, M A, Volkov, A, Vorobyov, E, Vznuzdaev, H, Wang, Y, Watanabe, S N, White, C, Witzig, F K, Wohn, C L, Woody, W, Xie, K, Yagi, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, Z, Zhang, and S, Zhou
Abstract: Identified pi(+/-), K(+/-), p, and (-)p transverse momentum spectra at midrapidity in sqrt[s(NN)] = 130 GeV Au+Au collisions were measured by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC as a function of collision centrality. Average transverse momenta increase with the number of participating nucleons in a similar way for all particle species. Within errors, all midrapidity particle yields per participant are found to be increasing with the number of participating nucleons. There is an indication that K(+/-), p, and (-)p yields per participant increase faster than the pi(+/-) yields. In central collisions at high transverse momenta (p(T)or =2 GeV/c), (-)p and p yields are comparable to the pi(+/-) yields.
Published: 2001

37. Geometric morphology of cellular solids

Author: Alexei N. Skourikhine, Lakshman Prasad, and B. R. Schlei
Subjects: Delaunay tessellation, Morphology (linguistics), Artificial neural network, Computer science, Chordal graph, Segmentation, Geometry, Image processing, Calculation methods, Unstructured grid
Abstract: We demonstrate how to derive morphological information from micrographs, i.e., grey-level images, of polymeric foams. The segmentation of the images is performed by applying a pulse-coupled neural network. This processing generates blobs of the foams walls/struts and voids, respectively. The contours of the blobs and their corresponding points form the input to a constrained Delaunay tessellation, which provides an unstructured grid of the material under consideration. The subsequently applied Chordal Axis Transform captures the intrinsic shape characteristics, and facilitates the identification and localization of key morphological features. While stochastic features of the polymeric foams struts/walls such as areas, aspect ratios, etc., already can be computed at this stage, the foams voids require further geometric processing. The voids are separated into single foam cells. This shape manipulation leads to a refinement of the initial blob contours, which then requires the repeated application of the constrained Delaunay tessellation and Chordal Axis Transform, respectively. Using minimum enclosing rectangles for each foam cell, finally the stochastic features of the foam voids are computed.
Published: 2001
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38. Suppression of hadrons with large transverse momentum in central Au+Au collisions at root square[s(NN)] = 130 GeV

Author: K, Adcox, S S, Adler, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, J, Alexander, L, Aphecetche, Y, Arai, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, J, Barrette, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, F G, Bellaiche, S T, Belyaev, M J, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, S, Botelho, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, N, Bruner, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, T A, Carey, P, Chand, J, Chang, W C, Chang, L L, Chavez, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, R K, Choudhury, T, Christ, T, Chujo, M S, Chung, P, Chung, V, Cianciolo, B A, Cole, D G, D'Enterria, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, B V, Dinesh, A, Drees, A, Durum, D, Dutta, K, Ebisu, Y V, Efremenko, K, El Chenawi, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, L, Ewell, T, Ferdousi, D E, Fields, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, S-Y, Fung, S, Garpman, T K, Ghosh, A, Glenn, A L, Godoi, Y, Goto, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, S K, Gupta, W, Guryn, H-A, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, H, Hamagaki, A G, Hansen, H, Hara, E P, Hartouni, R, Hayano, N, Hayashi, X, He, T K, Hemmick, J M, Heuser, M, Hibino, J C, Hill, D S, Ho, K, Homma, B, Hong, A, Hoover, T, Ichihara, K, Imai, M S, Ippolitov, M, Ishihara, B V, Jacak, W Y, Jang, J, Jia, B M, Johnson, S C, Johnson, K S, Joo, S, Kametani, J H, Kang, M, Kann, S S, Kapoor, S, Kelly, B, Khachaturov, A, Khanzadeev, J, Kikuchi, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kim, W W, Kinnison, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, S, Klinksiek, L, Kochenda, V, Kochetkov, D, Koehler, T, Kohama, D, Kotchetkov, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, J, Lauret, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, M J, Leitch, X H, Li, Z, Li, D J, Lim, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Liu, C F, Maguire, J, Mahon, Y I, Makdisi, V I, Manko, Y, Mao, S K, Mark, S, Markacs, G, Martinez, M D, Marx, A, Masaike, F, Matathias, T, Matsumoto, P L, McGaughey, E, Melnikov, M, Merschmeyer, F, Messer, M, Messer, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, R E, Mischke, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, F, Mühlbacher, M, Muniruzzaman, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagasaka, J L, Nagle, Y, Nakada, B K, Nandi, J, Newby, L, Nikkinen, P, Nilsson, S, Nishimura, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, M, Ono, V, Onuchin, A, Oskarsson, L, Osterman, I, Otterlund, K, Oyama, L, Paffrath, A P T, Palounek, V S, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, S F, Pate, T, Peitzmann, A N, Petridis, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, P, Pitukhin, F, Plasil, M, Pollack, K, Pope, M L, Purschke, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, M, Rosati, A A, Rose, S S, Ryu, N, Saito, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sakaguchi, H, Sako, T, Sakuma, V, Samsonov, T C, Sangster, R, Santo, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, B R, Schlei, Y, Schutz, V, Semenov, R, Seto, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, T, Shiina, Y H, Shin, I G, Sibiriak, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, J, Simon-Gillo, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Sivertz, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, S, Sorensen, P W, Stankus, N, Starinsky, P, Steinberg, E, Stenlund, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, M, Sugioka, T, Sugitate, J P, Sullivan, Y, Sumi, Z, Sun, M, Suzuki, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, M, Tamai, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, E, Taniguchi, M J, Tannenbaum, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Thomas, W, Tian, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, H, Tsuruoka, A A, Tsvetkov, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, T, Ushiroda, H W, van Hecke, C, Velissaris, J, Velkovska, M, Velkovsky, A A, Vinogradov, M A, Volkov, A, Vorobyov, E, Vznuzdaev, H, Wang, Y, Watanabe, S N, White, C, Witzig, F K, Wohn, C L, Woody, W, Xie, K, Yagi, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, Z, Zhang, and S, Zhou
Abstract: Transverse momentum spectra for charged hadrons and for neutral pions in the range 1 GeV/cp(T)5 GeV/c have been measured by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC in Au+Au collisions at root square[s(NN)] = 130 GeV. At high p(T) the spectra from peripheral nuclear collisions are consistent with scaling the spectra from p+p collisions by the average number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions. The spectra from central collisions are significantly suppressed when compared to the binary-scaled p+p expectation, and also when compared to similarly binary-scaled peripheral collisions, indicating a novel nuclear-medium effect in central nuclear collisions at RHIC energies.
Published: 2001

39. Measurement of the Midrapidity Transverse Energy Distribution fromsNN=130GeVAu+AuCollisions at RHIC

Author: B. Khachaturov, D. Kochetkov, T. Matsumoto, Agneta Oskarsson, Dong Jo Kim, Y. Berdnikov, Y. Akiba, J. Simon-Gillo, Joakim Nystrand, H. Hara, O. Dietzsch, Lennart Osterman, S. Nagamiya, Kazuhiro Tanaka, A. Glenn, A. Taketani, Klaus Johannes Reygers, H. Delagrange, D. E. Fields, T. Ushiroda, I. Ravinovich, B. V. Jacak, Dipanwita Dutta, Zhen Zhang, F. Plasil, R. A. Soltz, Julia Velkovska, K. Yagi, S. Zhou, J.R. Mahon, M. Messer, A. Kozlov, T. A. Carey, S. S. Ryu, Hiroaki Ohnishi, C. Velissaris, R. Seto, M. Grosse Perdekamp, A. Kiyomichi, Markus Merschmeyer, A. L. Godoi, A. Ster, Hideki Hamagaki, G. David, I. Tserruya, Yu. Efremenko, V. Singh, Y. I. Makdisi, M. Rosati, M. Velkovsky, X. Liu, E. Taniguchi, Alexei Khanzadeev, I. Sibiriak, P. Chand, S. S. Adler, Athanasios Petridis, D. Koehler, K. Ebisu, M. Pollack, N. Bruner, E. Stenlund, A. A. Vinogradov, Henrik Tydesjö, L. Nikkinen, P. Pitukhin, F. Matathias, T. E. Miller, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, S. N. White, X. He, W. A. Zajc, F. Messer, E. Vznuzdaev, N. N. Ajitanand, T. Peitzmann, Shunji Nishimura, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, J. Barrette, R. Santo, H. Buesching, An.A. Vorobyov, J. H. Kang, J. S. Haggerty, S. T. Belyaev, V. Baublis, A. Denisov, S. Y. Kim, V. Cianciolo, Sergey Fokin, M. Suzuki, P. Chung, K. Pope, G. S. Kyle, S. Klinksiek, A. Drees, James Alexander, R. Averbeck, Byung-Sik Hong, M. J. Tannenbaum, Hirohiko Sato, S. K. Tuli, Alexander Milov, N. Starinsky, V. S. Pantuev, K. Adcox, A. Hoover, Saskia Mioduszewski, V. Bumazhnov, C. Witzig, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, T. A. Shibata, G. R. Young, Xingguo Li, K. N. Barish, M. Ono, Senta Greene, P. W. Stankus, A. Bazilevsky, Y. H. Shin, Y. Watanabe, Junji Tojo, B. K. Nandi, D. P. Morrison, E. J. Desmond, F. K. Wohn, T. K. Ghosh, W. Guryn, H. W. Van Hecke, K. Kurita, R. Lacey, I. D. Ojha, E. O'Brien, D. Bucher, M. Hibino, Yasushi Nagasaka, V. E. Semenov, H. Wang, Yves Roland Schutz, C. Pinkenburg, M. Sivertz, S. P. Stoll, J. T. Mitchell, Z. Sun, T. C. Awes, A. A. Rose, Alexandre Lebedev, A. Durum, M. L. Brooks, German Martinez, M. Sugioka, T. Christ, Jun Kikuchi, J. P. Sullivan, Shiv K. Gupta, E. P. Hartouni, H. En'yo, W. W. Kinnison, D. J. Lim, M. J. Leitch, P. D. Barnes, G. Bunce, Masamichi Ishihara, J. Chiba, D. M. Lee, A. Soldatov, A. P.T. Palounek, Minghui Liu, D. S. Brown, H. Tsuruoka, I. E. Yushmanov, S. Y. Fung, S. Garpman, T. Ferdousi, Kenneth Francis Read, K. S. Sim, S. P. Sorensen, Vladislav Manko, Steven Kelly, T. Ichihara, E. M. Takagui, H. A. Gustafsson, S. Yokkaichi, J. M. Heuser, Peter M. Nilsson, John Hill, K. Oyama, Y. Nakada, Y. J. Kwon, R. S. Towell, M. A. Volkov, G. C. Mishra, Tai Sakuma, P. J. Kroon, S. Markacs, Toru Sugitate, J. H. Thomas, R. E. Mischke, L. L. Chavez, J. G. Lajoie, P. L. McGaughey, Jason Newby, J. Murata, Z. Li, K. Imai, C. A. Ogilvie, J. M. Burward-Hoy, M. D. Marx, A. G. Hansen, Takao Sakaguchi, Susumu Sato, T. K. Hemmick, W. C. Chang, C. Klein-Boesing, M. Muniruzzaman, Viktor Riabov, Y. G. Kim, Yasuo Miake, Zhongfan Liu, M. J. Bennett, L. Kochenda, V. I. Kochetkov, C. L. Woody, A. A. Tsvetkov, A. D. Frawley, W. Y. Jang, S. Botelho, N. Hayashi, T. Chujo, I. Shein, F. G. Bellaiche, D. S. Ho, H. Torii, T. L. Thomas, Hiroyuki Sako, S. H. Aronson, Ryugo S. Hayano, B. V. Dinesh, C. Y. Chi, J. Chang, Y. Riabov, Kenta Shigaki, A. S. Nyanin, Norio Saito, Yoshio Arai, S. Kametani, C. P. Singh, B. M. Johnson, J. Lauret, Aya Sakaguchi, S. Butsyk, Vladimir Samsonov, I. Otterlund, S. Bathe, Brian Cole, Kensuke Homma, E. Melnikov, S. Chernichenko, B. Bassalleck, F. Mühlbacher, L. Ewell, J. L. Nagle, S. K. Mark, M. S. Chung, T. Kohama, David D'Enterria, R. P. Pisani, Nikolay Tyurin, T. Shiina, V.A. Onuchin, S. Belikov, K. S. Joo, S. F. Pate, T. C. Sangster, L. Paffrath, B. R. Schlei, S. Esumi, K. El Chenawi, Martin Purschke, V. Papavassiliou, Z. Fraenkel, R. K. Choudhury, S. C. Johnson, Y. J. Mao, M. J. Kweon, S. Sawada, A. Franz, S. S. Kapoor, H. J. Kim, Juergen Thomas, Charles Maguire, Y. Sumi, Wei Tian, Josh Moss, M. Tamai, E. Kistenev, Mikhail Ippolitov, Y. Tanaka, T. K. Shea, M. Kann, Wei Xie, A. Deshpande, L. Aphecetche, Akira Masaike, and P. Steinberg
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear reaction, Particle physics, Large Hadron Collider, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, General Physics and Astronomy, 16. Peace & justice, Kinetic energy, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Charged particle, Ion, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: The first measurement of energy produced transverse to the beam direction at RHIC is presented. The mid-rapidity transverse energy density per participating nucleon rises steadily with the number of participants, closely paralleling the rise in charged-particle density, such that E_T / N_ch remains relatively constant as a function of centrality. The energy density calculated via Bjorken's prescription for the 2% most central Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=130 GeV is at least epsilon_Bj = 4.6 GeV/fm^3 which is a factor of 1.6 larger than found at sqrt(s_NN)=17.2 GeV (Pb+Pb at CERN).
Published: 2001
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40. Measurement of the midrapidity transverse energy distribution from square root of [(s)NN] = 130 GeV Au + Au collisions at RHIC

Author: K, Adcox, S S, Adler, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, J, Alexander, L, Aphecetche, Y, Arai, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, J, Barrette, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, F G, Bellaiche, S T, Belyaev, M J, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, S, Botelho, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, N, Bruner, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, T A, Carey, P, Chand, J, Chang, W C, Chang, L L, Chavez, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, R K, Choudhury, T, Christ, T, Chujo, M S, Chung, P, Chung, V, Cianciolo, B A, Cole, D G, D'Enterria, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, B V, Dinesh, A, Drees, A, Durum, D, Dutta, K, Ebisu, Y V, Efremenko, K, El Chenawi, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, L, Ewell, T, Ferdousi, D E, Fields, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, S Y, Fung, S, Garpman, T K, Ghosh, A, Glenn, A L, Godoi, Y, Goto, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, S K, Gupta, W, Guryn, H A, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, H, Hamagaki, A G, Hansen, H, Hara, E P, Hartouni, R, Hayano, N, Hayashi, X, He, T K, Hemmick, J M, Heuser, M, Hibino, J C, Hill, D S, Ho, K, Homma, B, Hong, A, Hoover, T, Ichihara, K, Imai, M S, Ippolitov, M, Ishihara, B V, Jacak, W Y, Jang, J, Jia, B M, Johnson, S C, Johnson, K S, Joo, S, Kametani, J H, Kang, M, Kann, S S, Kapoor, S, Kelly, B, Khachaturov, A, Khanzadeev, J, Kikuchi, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kim, W W, Kinnison, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, S, Klinksiek, L, Kochenda, D, Kochetkov, V, Kochetkov, D, Koehler, T, Kohama, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, J, Lauret, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, M J, Leitch, X H, Li, Z, Li, D J, Lim, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Liu, C F, Maguire, J, Mahon, Y I, Makdisi, V I, Manko, Y, Mao, S K, Mark, S, Markacs, G, Martinez, M D, Marx, A, Masaike, F, Matathias, T, Matsumoto, P L, McGaughey, E, Melnikov, M, Merschmeyer, F, Messer, M, Messer, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, R E, Mischke, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, F, Mühlbacher, M, Muniruzzaman, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagasaka, J L, Nagle, Y, Nakada, B K, Nandi, J, Newby, L, Nikkinen, P, Nilsson, S, Nishimura, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, M, Ono, V, Onuchin, A, Oskarsson, L, Osterman, I, Otterlund, K, Oyama, L, Paffrath, A P, Palounek, V S, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, S F, Pate, T, Peitzmann, A N, Petridis, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, P, Pitukhin, F, Plasil, M, Pollack, K, Pope, M L, Purschke, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, M, Rosati, A A, Rose, S S, Ryu, N, Saito, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sakaguchi, H, Sako, T, Sakuma, V, Samsonov, T C, Sangster, R, Santo, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, B R, Schlei, Y, Schutz, V, Semenov, R, Seto, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, T, Shiina, Y H, Shin, I G, Sibiriak, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, J, Simon-Gillo, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Sivertz, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, S, Sorensen, P W, Stankus, N, Starinsky, P, Steinberg, E, Stenlund, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, M, Sugioka, T, Sugitate, J P, Sullivan, Y, Sumi, Z, Sun, M, Suzuki, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, M, Tamai, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, E, Taniguchi, M J, Tannenbaum, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Thomas, W, Tian, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, H, Tsuruoka, A A, Tsvetkov, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, T, Ushiroda, H W, van Hecke, C, Velissaris, J, Velkovska, M, Velkovsky, A A, Vinogradov, M A, Volkov, A, Vorobyov, E, Vznuzdaev, H, Wang, Y, Watanabe, S N, White, C, Witzig, F K, Wohn, C L, Woody, W, Xie, K, Yagi, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, Z, Zhang, and S, Zhou
Abstract: The first measurement of energy produced transverse to the beam direction at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory is presented. The midrapidity transverse energy density per participating nucleon rises steadily with the number of participants, closely paralleling the rise in charged-particle density, such thatE(T)/N(ch)remains relatively constant as a function of centrality. The energy density calculated via Bjorken's prescription for the 2% most central Au+Au collisions at square root[s(NN)] = 130 GeV is at least epsilon(Bj) = 4.6 GeV/fm(3), which is a factor of 1.6 larger than found at sqrt[s(NN)] = 17.2 GeV ( Pb+Pb at CERN).
Published: 2001

41. Centrality dependence of charged particle multiplicity in Au-Au collisions at square root of (s)NN = 130 GeV

Author: K, Adcox, S S, Adler, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, J, Alexander, L, Aphecetche, Y, Arai, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, J, Barrette, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, F G, Bellaiche, S T, Belyaev, M J, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, S, Botelho, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, N, Bruner, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, T A, Carey, P, Chand, J, Chang, W C, Chang, L L, Chavez, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, R K, Choudhury, T, Christ, T, Chujo, M S, Chung, P, Chung, V, Cianciolo, B A, Cole, D G, D'Enterria, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, B V, Dinesh, A, Drees, A, Durum, D, Dutta, K, Ebisu, Y V, Efremenko, K, El Chenawi, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, L, Ewell, T, Ferdousi, D E, Fields, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, S Y, Fung, S, Garpman, T K, Ghosh, A, Glenn, A L, Godoi, Y, Goto, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, S K, Gupta, W, Guryn, H A, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, H, Hamagaki, A G, Hansen, H, Hara, E P, Hartouni, R, Hayano, N, Hayashi, X, He, T K, Hemmick, J, Heuser, M, Hibino, J C, Hill, D S, Ho, K, Homma, B, Hong, A, Hoover, T, Ichihara, K, Imai, M S, Ippolitov, M, Ishihara, B V, Jacak, W Y, Jang, J, Jia, B M, Johnson, S C, Johnson, K S, Joo, S, Kametani, J H, Kang, M, Kann, S S, Kapoor, S, Kelly, B, Khachaturov, A, Khanzadeev, J, Kikuchi, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kim, W W, Kinnison, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, S, Klinksiek, L, Kochenda, D, Kochetkov, V, Kochetkov, D, Koehler, T, Kohama, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, J, Lauret, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, M J, Leitch, X H, Li, Z, Li, D J, Lim, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Liu, C F, Maguire, J, Mahon, Y I, Makdisi, V I, Manko, Y, Mao, S K, Mark, S, Markacs, G, Martinez, M D, Marx, A, Masaike, F, Matathias, T, Matsumoto, P L, McGaughey, E, Melnikov, M, Merschmeyer, F, Messer, M, Messer, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, R E, Mischke, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, F, Mühlbacher, M, Muniruzzaman, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagasaka, J L, Nagle, Y, Nakada, B K, Nandi, J, Newby, L, Nikkinen, P, Nilsson, S, Nishimura, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, M, Ono, V, Onuchin, A, Oskarsson, L, Osterman, I, Otterlund, K, Oyama, L, Paffrath, A P, Palounek, V S, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, S F, Pate, T, Peitzmann, A N, Petridis, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, P, Pitukhin, F, Plasil, M, Pollack, K, Pope, M L, Purschke, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, M, Rosati, A A, Rose, S S, Ryu, N, Saito, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sakaguchi, H, Sako, T, Sakuma, V, Samsonov, T C, Sangster, R, Santo, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, B R, Schlei, Y, Schutz, V, Semenov, R, Seto, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, T, Shiina, Y H, Shin, I G, Sibiriak, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, J, Simon-Gillo, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Sivertz, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, S, Sorensen, P W, Stankus, N, Starinsky, P, Steinberg, E, Stenlund, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, M, Sugioka, T, Sugitate, J P, Sullivan, Y, Sumi, Z, Sun, M, Suzuki, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, M, Tamai, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, E, Taniguchi, M J, Tannenbaum, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Thomas, W, Tian, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, H, Tsuruoka, A A, Tsvetkov, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, T, Ushiroda, H W, van Hecke, C, Velissaris, J, Velkovska, M, Velkovsky, A A, Vinogradov, M A, Volkov, A, Vorobyov, E, Vznuzdaev, H, Wang, Y, Watanabe, S N, White, C, Witzig, F K, Wohn, C L, Woody, W, Xie, K, Yagi, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, Z, Zhang, and S, Zhou
Abstract: We present results for the charged-particle multiplicity distribution at midrapidity in Au-Au collisions at square root of [s(NN)] = 130 GeV measured with the PHENIX detector at RHIC. For the 5% most central collisions we find dN(ch)/d eta(vertical line eta = 0) = 622+/-1(stat)+/-41(syst). The results, analyzed as a function of centrality, show a steady rise of the particle density per participating nucleon with centrality.
Published: 2000

42. Feature-based syntactic and metric shape recognition

Author: Lakshman Prasad, B. R. Schlei, and Alexei N. Skourikhine
Subjects: Parsing, Feature vector, Context-free language, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Context-free grammar, computer.software_genre, Syntax, Active shape model, Algorithm, computer, Generative grammar, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS, Shape analysis (digital geometry), Mathematics
Abstract: We present a syntactic and metric two-dimensional shape recognition scheme based on shape features. The principal features of a shape can be extracted and semantically labeled by means of the chordal axis transform (CAT), with the resulting generic features, namely torsos and limbs, forming the primitive segmented features of the shape. We introduce a context-free universal language for representing all connected planar shapes in terms of their external features, based on a finite alphabet of generic shape feature primitives. Shape exteriors are then syntactically represented as strings in this language. Although this representation of shapes is not complete, in that it only describes their external features, it effectively captures shape embeddings, which are important properties of shapes for purposes of recognition. The elements of the syntactic strings are associated with attribute feature vectors that capture the metrical attributes of the corresponding features. We outline a hierarchical shape recognition scheme, wherein the syntactical representation of shapes may be 'telescoped' to yield a coarser or finer description for hierarchical comparison and matching. We finally extend the syntactic representation and recognition to completely represent all planar shapes, albeit without a generative context-free grammar for this extension.
Published: 2000
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43. Geometric morphology of granular materials

Author: Lakshman Prasad, B. R. Schlei, and Alexei N. Skourikhine
Subjects: Pixel, Artificial neural network, Delaunay triangulation, Computer science, Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Triangle mesh, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Segmentation, Affine transformation, Granular material, Algorithm, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS
Abstract: We present a new method to transform the spectral pixel information of a micrograph into an affine geometric description, which allows us to analyze the morphology of granular materials. We use spectral and pulse-coupled neural network based segmentation techniques to generate blobs, and a newly developed algorithm to extract dilated contours. A constrained Delaunay tesselation of the contour points results in a triangular mesh. This mesh is the basic ingredient of the Chodal Axis Transform, which provides a morphological decomposition of shapes. Such decomposition allows for grain separation and the efficient computation of the statistical features of granular materials.
Published: 2000
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44. Neural network for image segmentation

Author: Alexei N. Skourikhine, B. R. Schlei, and Lakshman Prasad
Subjects: Artificial neural network, business.industry, Segmentation-based object categorization, Image quality, Computer science, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Scale-space segmentation, Image processing, Image segmentation, Segmentation, Computer vision, Artificial intelligence, business, Smoothing
Abstract: Image analysis is an important requirement of many artificial intelligence systems. Though great effort has been devoted to inventing efficient algorithms for image analysis, there is still much work to be done. It is natural to turn to mammalian vision systems for guidance because they are the best known performers of visual tasks. The pulse- coupled neural network (PCNN) model of the cat visual cortex has proven to have interesting properties for image processing. This article describes the PCNN application to the processing of images of heterogeneous materials; specifically PCNN is applied to image denoising and image segmentation. Our results show that PCNNs do well at segmentation if we perform image smoothing prior to segmentation. We use PCNN for obth smoothing and segmentation. Combining smoothing and segmentation enable us to eliminate PCNN sensitivity to the setting of the various PCNN parameters whose optimal selection can be difficult and can vary even for the same problem. This approach makes image processing based on PCNN more automatic in our application and also results in better segmentation.
Published: 2000
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45. Observables in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Author: B. R. Schlei, J.R. Nix, J. P. Sullivan, H.W. van Hecke, and D. D. Strottman
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, Strange matter, Large Hadron Collider, Space time, Observable, Heavy ion, Sensitivity (control systems)
Published: 1998
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46. Bose-Einstein Correlations and the Equation of State of Nuclear Matter

Author: H. W. Van Hecke, D. D. Strottman, J. P. Sullivan, and B. R. Schlei
Subjects: Physics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Equation of state, Large Hadron Collider, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Nuclear Theory, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, Bose–Einstein correlations, Plasma, Nuclear matter, Spectral line, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Nuclear physics, Pion, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract: Within a relativistic hydrodynamic framework, we use four different equations of state of nuclear matter to compare to experimental spectra from CERN/SPS experiments NA44 and NA49. Freeze-out hypersurfaces and Bose-Einstein correlation functions for identical pion pairs are discussed. We find that two-pion Bose-Einstein interferometry measures the relationship between the temperature and the energy density in the equation of state during the late hadronic stage of the fireball expansion. Little sensitivity of the light-hadron data to a quark-gluon plasma phase-transition is seen., 4 pages, including 4 figures. You can also download a PostScript file of the manuscript from http://p2hp2.lanl.gov/people/schlei/eprint.html
Published: 1998

47. What Invariant One-Particle Multiplicity Distributions and Two-Particle Correlations are Telling us about Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

Author: Michael Murray, J. P. Sullivan, B. R. Schlei, D. D. Strottman, J. Rayford Nix, and Hubert Van Hecke
Subjects: Quark, Physics, Particle physics, High Energy Physics::Lattice, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Plasma, Invariant (physics), Nuclear matter, Collision, Nuclear physics, Strange matter, Pion, Physics::Plasma Physics, Multiplicity (chemistry), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Many of you are vigorously searching for the quark-gluon plasma—a predicted new phase of nuclear matter where quarks roam almost freely throughout the medium instead of being confined to individual nucleons.1, 2 Such a plasma is believed to have existed in the first 10 μs of the universe during the big bang and could be produced in the laboratory during the little bang of a relativistic heavy-ion collision.
Published: 1998
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48. Various Models for Pion Probability Distributions from Heavy-Ion Collisions

Author: Aram Mekjian, D. D. Strottman, and B. R. Schlei
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Nuclear Theory, Negative binomial distribution, FOS: Physical sciences, Multiplicity (mathematics), Poisson distribution, Nuclear matter, Nuclear physics, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), symbols.namesake, Distribution function, Pion, symbols, Bibliography, Probability distribution, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Various models for pion multiplicity distributions produced in relativistic heavy ion collisions are discussed. The models include a relativistic hydrodynamic model, a thermodynamic description, an emitting source pion laser model, and a description which generates a negative binomial description. The approach developed can be used to discuss other cases which will be mentioned. The pion probability distributions for these various cases are compared. Comparison of the pion laser model and Bose-Einstein condensation in a laser trap and with the thermal model are made. The thermal model and hydrodynamic model are also used to illustrate why the number of pions never diverges and why the Bose-Einstein correction effects are relatively small. The pion emission strength $\eta$ of a Poisson emitter and a critical density $\eta_c$ are connected in a thermal model by $\eta/n_c = e^{-m/T} < 1$, and this fact reduces any Bose-Einstein correction effects in the number and number fluctuation of pions. Fluctuations can be much larger than Poisson in the pion laser model and for a negative binomial description. The clan representation of the negative binomial distribution due to Van Hove and Giovannini is discussed using the present description. Applications to CERN/NA44 and CERN/NA49 data are discussed in terms of the relativistic hydrodynamic model., Comment: 12 pages, incl. 3 figures and 4 tables. You can also download a PostScript file of the manuscript from http://p2hp2.lanl.gov/people/schlei/eprint.html
Published: 1998
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49. The Linear Correlation Coefficient vs. the Cross Term in Bose-Einstein Correlations

Author: D. D. Strottman, B. R. Schlei, and N. Xu
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Correlation coefficient, Nuclear Theory, Gaussian, Hadron, Chaotic, FOS: Physical sciences, Bose–Einstein correlations, Momentum, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), symbols.namesake, Quantum electrodynamics, symbols, Nuclear Experiment, Identical particles, Boson
Abstract: We investigate the nature of the new cross term for Gaussian parameterizations of Bose-Einstein correlations of identical particles emitted from purely chaotic hadron sources formed by relativistic heavy ion collisions. We find that this additional parameter in the so-called Bertsch parameterization can be expressed in terms of a linear ``out-longitudinal'' correlation coefficient for emission of bosons and two already known ``radius'' parameters, $R_l$ and $R_o$. The linear correlation coefficient is of kinematical nature and can be used to determine the widths of longitudinal momentum distributions., 4 pages, without inclusion of the 3 figures. For PostScript file of the manuscript including the three figures goto http://t2.lanl.gov/schlei/eprint.html
Published: 1997

50. Hydrodynamical analysis of symmetric nucleus-nucleus collisions near 200A GeV

Author: M. Plümer, Richard M. Weiner, U. Ornik, B. R. Schlei, and D. D. Strottman
Subjects: Quark, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Large Hadron Collider, Computer Science::Information Retrieval, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Plasma, Spectral line, Gluon, Nuclear physics, Quark–gluon plasma, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We present a coherent theoretical study of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion data obtained at the CERN/SPS by the NA35/NA49 Collaborations using (3+1)-dimensional relativistic hydrodynamics. We find excellent agreement with the rapidity spectra of negative hadrons and protons and with the correlation measurements in two experiments: S+S at 200{ital A} GeV and Pb+Pb at 160{ital A} GeV (preliminary results). Within our model this implies that for Pb+Pb (S+S) a quark-gluon plasma of initial volume 174 fm{sup 3} (24 fm{sup 3}) with a lifetime 3.4 fm/{ital c} (1.5 fm/{ital c}) was formed. It is found that the Bose-Einstein correlation measurements do not determine the maximal effective radii of the hadron sources because of the large contributions from resonance decay at small momenta. Also within this study we present an NA49 acceptance-corrected two-pion Bose-Einstein correlation function in the invariant variable {ital Q}{sub inv}. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}
Published: 1996

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