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1. Prasugrel-based de-escalation vs. conventional therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention in ACS patients according to the renal function

Author

H S Kim, J Kang, J P Yun, K W Park, D Hwang, J K Han, H M Yang, H J Kang, and B K Koo

Subjects
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): A consortium of six companies in Korea (Daiichi Sankyo, Boston Scientific, Terumo, Biotronik, Qualitech Korea, and Dio). Background Patients with coronary artery disease and impaired renal function are at higher risk for both bleeding and ischemic adverse events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Purpose We assessed the efficacy and safety of a prasugrel based de-escalation strategy in patients with impaired renal function. Methods We conducted a post-hoc analysis of the HOST-REDUCE-POLYTECH-ACS study. Patients with available estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (n=2,311) were categorized into three groups. (high eGFR: ≥90 mL/min; intermediate eGFR: ≥60 and Results With respect to net adverse clinical events, prasugrel de-escalation was beneficial regardless of baseline renal function (p for interaction = 0.508). The relative reduction in bleeding risk from prasugrel de-escalation was higher in the low eGFR group compared with that from both the intermediate and high eGFR groups (relative reduction: 64% [HR 0.36, 95% CI 0.15–0.83] vs. 50% [HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.28-0.90] and 52% [HR 0.48, 95% CI 0.21-1.13] for low, intermediate, and high eGFR groups, p for interaction=0.646). Ischemic risk from prasgurel de-escalation was not significant in all eGFR groups ([HR 1.18, 95% CI 0.47-2.98], [HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.53-1.69], and [HR 0.61, 95% CI 0.26-1.39)], respectively, p for interaction=0.119). The probability risk ratio was highest in low eGFR group (1.06 vs. 1.26 vs. 1.36, for high, intermediate, and low eGFR groups, respectively, p for trend Conclusion The beneficial effect of prasugrel-based de-escalation strategy was consistent regardless of the baseline renal function, which was mostly driven by a reduction in bleeding risk which was greatest in those with low eGFR.

Published
2023

2. Hyperaemic and non-hyperaemic pressure indices of coronary stenosis severity in patients with chronic kidney disease

Author

A Travieso, H Mejia-Renteria, A Jeronimo-Baza, J Hyun Jung, J H Doh, C W Nam, E S Shin, M Hoshino, T Sugiyama, Y Kanaji, N Gonzalo, J M Lee, T Kakuta, B K Koo, and J Escaned

Subjects
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Background Evidence regarding the use of pressure indices for the assessment of coronary stenoses in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is scarce. Methods We assessed the relation between eGFR, FFR and resting Pd/Pa in 1147 consecutive patients (1316 vessels) included in the International Collaboration of Comprehensive Physiologic Assessment Study. We also compared FFR and Pd/Pa against a standardized cut-off of coronary flow reserve (CFR Results FFR increases as renal function worsens (beta −10.5, 95% CI −20.0 to −11.03, p=0.030), a relation that was not seen with resting Pd/Pa (beta −6.14, 95% CI −19.9 to 6.78, p=0.351). Both indices had similar diagnostic accuracies for the detection of a CFR CFR decreased linearly with deteriorating eGFR, and this was mainly driven by higher resting coronary flow in CKD patients (p=0.026), while hyperaemic coronary flow remained similar (p=0.403). IMR did not change significantly with eGFR (beta −0.02, 95% −0.09 to 0.05, p=0.557). The incidence of VOCO was higher in patients with CKD and FFR>0.80 when compared to non-CKD patients and FFR>0.80 (12.7% vs 6.90%, p=0.062). Prognosis was worse for those with CKD, negative FFR and CFR Conclusions The assessment of a given coronary stenosis in patients with CKD with either FFR or resting Pd/Pa is equivalent when compared to underlying coronary flow. In CKD, impaired CFR is caused by a state of increased resting flow. The assessment of CFR on top of standard pressure wire examination significantly improves prognostic stratification in CKD patients. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

Published
2022

3. Sex-differences in prevalence and outcomes of the different endotypes of chronic coronary syndrome – analysis from the multi-center international ILIAS Registry

Author

C E M Vink, T P Hoef, J M Lee, C K M Boerhout, B K Koo, J Escaned, J J Piek, T Kakuta, Y Appelman, and G De Waard

Subjects
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Introduction Guideline-directed management of chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) remains focused on obstructive causes of angina, and is based on established therapies derived from studies predominantly including men. This occurs despite documented higher mortality from cardiovascular causes in women compared to men, which is hypothesized to be related to a higher prevalence of coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) in women. However, data on the relationship between sex, the different endotypes of CCS, and related sex-specific clinical outcomes are limited. Purpose This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sex and the different endotypes of CCS, as well as sex-specific clinical outcomes of CCS endotypes. Method In patients with stable angina undergoing coronary angiography, the following invasive coronary hemodynamics were characterized: fractional flow reserve (FFR; 2.5mmHg/cm/sec or index of microvascular resistance >25 considered abnormal). Patients were stratified into three groups: 1) hemodynamically significant obstructive coronary artery disease (oCAD) (FFR abnormal or a severe coronary stenosis requiring revascularization), 2) no-obstructive coronary artery disease but with CMD (FFR normal, but abnormal CFR and/or MR), or 3) no-obstructive coronary artery disease and no CMD (FFR normal, and normal CFR and MR). We assessed the prevalence of the CCS endotypes across sex, and sex-specific cardiovascular outcomes over a follow-up of 7 years defined as the composite endpoint of death or acute myocardial infarction. Results Amongst a total of 1987 included patients, 1435 (72.2%) were men and 552 (27.8%) were women. oCAD occurred in 904 (45.5%) patients, which was significantly more prevalent in men (48.9% (701/1435) of men vs. 36.8% (203/552) of women, p Conclusion In patients evaluated for CCS who underwent clinically indicated coronary angiography and physiological assessment, men were more likely to have oCAD and women were more likely to be classified as CMD. There were no sex-related differences in the prognosis associated with the individual CCS endotypes. Therefore, pathophysiological changes in the coronary circulation potentially underlying angina pectoris are similarly prevalent in men and women, but the high incidence of CMD in women makes women prone to underdiagnosis if no additional physiological measurements are assessed. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

Published
2022

4. Aspirin vs. Clopidogrel as a Chronic maintenance monotherapy after PCI in patients with high ischemic risk and high bleeding risk: Subgroup analysis of the HOST-EXAM trial

Author

K W Park, J Kang, B K Koo, T M Rhee, H M Yang, K B Won, S W Rha, J W Bae, N H Lee, S H Hur, J K Han, E S Shin, and H S Kim

Subjects
cardiovascular diseases, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. OnBehalf on behalf of the HOST-EXAM investigators Background The HOST-EXAM randomized clinical trial recently performed a comparison of clopidogrel monotherapy vs. aspirin monotherapy in patients requiring indefinite antiplatelet monotherapy after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study randomized 5,438 patients who maintained dual antiplatelet therapy without clinical events for 6–18 months after PCI with drug-eluting stents (DES) to receive a monotherapy agent of clopidogrel 75 mg once daily or aspirin 100 mg once daily for 24 months. During the 24-month follow-up, the primary outcome (a composite of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, readmission due to acute coronary syndrome, and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleeding type 3 or greater) rate was significantly lower in the clopidogrel group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.73 [95% CI 0.59–0.90]; p = 0.0035). However, it is uncertain whether the beneficial effect of clopidogrel will be consistent in patients with high ischemic risk or those with high bleeding risk. Methods This is a post-hoc analysis of the HOST-EXAM trial. A high ischemic risk was defined as those who had at least 1 of the following procedural features: 3 vessels treated, ≥3 stents implanted, ≥3 lesions treated, bifurcation PCI, total stent length >60 mm, or left main PCI. Patients with high bleeding risk were defined according to the Academic Research Consortium for High Bleeding Risk (ARC-HBR) criteria. The co-primary outcome were thrombotic endpoints (a composite of cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, readmission due to acute coronary syndrome, and definite or probable stent thrombosis) and bleeding endpoints (BARC type ≥2 bleeding events) at 24-month follow-up. Results Among the total population, 22.1% had high ischemic risk and 21.4% had high bleeding risk. Complex PCI was not associated with a higher risk of thrombotic endpoints, nor bleeding endpoints. For patients with a high bleeding risk, these patients had a higher risk of both thrombotic endpoints (HR 1.545, 95% CI 0.141-2.092, p = 0.005) and bleeding endpoints (HR 3.418, 95% CI 2.413-4.840, p Conclusion The current post-hoc analysis of the HOST-EXAM trial will evaluate the efficacy of clopidogrel monotherapy vs. aspirin monotherapy during the chronic maintenance period after PCI, in patients with high ischemic risk or those with high bleeding risk.

Published
2022

5. Study of structural, magnetic, and magnetocaloric properties of Ho1−xCaxMnO3

Author

Maykel Manawan, K. P. Shinde, A. H. Lee, S.-Y. Park, E. J. Lee, J. S. Park, Y. Jo, and B. K. Koo

Subjects
Materials science, Magnetic moment, Rietveld refinement, Magnetic refrigeration, Analytical chemistry, Curie temperature, General Materials Science, Orthorhombic crystal system, General Chemistry, Microstructure, Diffractometer, Magnetic field
Abstract

The structural, magnetic, and magnetocaloric properties of Ho1−xCaxMnO3 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3) manganites were investigated in depth in this work. The samples were made by using standard solid-state reaction. The calcium-doped samples are formed in orthorhombic crystal structure with Pnma space group, while undoped sample shows hexagonal crystal structure with P63cm space group according to room temperature XRD measurements and Rietveld refinement by using the TOPAS software. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was used to examine the microstructure, and an energy-dispersive X-ray diffractometer (EDX) was used to estimate chemical compositions. At the Curie temperature, all the samples show a second-order magnetic phase transition. It has been discovered that when the amount of calcium doping increases, the Curie temperature increases. The effective magnetic moments (μeff) of HoMnO3, Ho0.9Ca0.1MnO3, Ho0.8Ca0.2MnO3, and Ho0.7Ca0.3MnO3 are 10.71, 10.93, 11.17, and 11.54 μB, respectively, which are equivalent to the theoretical value of 11.45 μB. The magnetic entropy change (− ΔSM) was calculated by using isothermal magnetization versus applied magnetic field. The calculated − ΔSM = 8.9 Jkg−1 K−1 value for undoped HoMnO3 sample at 17.7 K, while with an increase in calcium doping, the − ΔSM value have been drop down from 3.3 to 2.2 Jkg−1 K−1 about 35 K temperature.

Published
2021

6. Prevalence of diabetic and impact on cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with chronic coronary syndromes, across multiple geographical regions and ethnicities

Author

H Appeltants, C Boesch, I Cromarty, D Carretta, S Romanov, U Windstetter, F Mibach, Jens Refsgaard, S Lebedev, F Proietti, M Y Tamimi, M C Gamboa, M Novikova, E Prada, K H Sim, E Messas, E Zherlitsyna, A Kalampalikis, N Nevolina, N Trocan, J Cohen, G Szto, R Gilabert Gómez, M Omelchenko, A Pinzani, D Goodwin, J Umaran Sánchez, Kim Fox, S H Dong, K Kronberg, E Castillo Lueña, T Ignatieva, S Joubert, C Macchi, S Lee, S Eidelman, F Alizon, S Chandra, M Akbar, D M Colquhoun, G Yanes Bowden, J de Juan Baguda, M Sebastian, C Wernham, K Miedema, R La Greca, C Morton, B S Jheeta, A C Tran, T Q Do, O Rodrigues, J Yan, S H Kim, R Jurgaitienė, Jean-Claude Tardif, R Baleón, D Hay, V Hennebelle, F Fazekas, R Davies, P Gratia, L Sorodoc, S Y Wu, C Martínez Sánchez, L Lopes Antunes, T H T Pham, I Suliman, M J Gómez Martinez, A Pernat, S H Hur, M Alanazy, L Zhabina, M Stanley, J Rogers, Y J Kim, S Geffroy, L K Andersen, S Coman, V Pedrosa del Moral, Y Garaud, J Krupicka, O Dzhkha, C Paul, M Jeżewska, B Mahler Mioto, V Abduvalieva, P Morra, L Kucheryava, C La Rosa, B Chan, M Wrębiak-Trznadel, A Kozlowski, M Sharif, L López Barreiro, V Kolesnikov, M Lawrence, A Tucker, C Okawabata, B La Hay, E Sadauskienė, B K Nguyen, L Bui, A Said, M E Ruíz Esparza, R K Saran, M S C Ho, E Homs Espinach, J R Romo Santana, J Forte De Carvalho, I Pattison, H H Phan, L Baleeva, L Kisiel, A López Granados, C Raters, F Paganelli, R Haberl, A P T Wong, D Xu, R Jagathesan, L Grekhova, H Stursova, Q B Truong, P Raymond, Y Sosnova, N H Khong, J Zarauza Navarro, C Florescu, L Gorshkova, N Saaidin, E Gordillo Higuero, L Davin, I Budanova, C Lavicka, L Gruznykh, P Bogdański, A Dufka, I Arroja, H A R Tahir, G Wilson, G Kolios, S J Yoon, Simon Cattan, K Berdnik, A Serrano, B Sievers, A Rodríguez Almodóvar, L A Holden, F O'Reilly, D Verleyen, H Hafez, K Nehrig, S M Kang, S Berrisch-Rahmel, E Meyer-Michael, P Samama, L Soares, A K Nguyen, F Tuktarova, C Weytjens, E Sandoval Rodriguez, J Cheng, F M Villasenor, João Morais, B Sullivan, R Zimoląg, Albert V. Smith, S F Ding, J C Louchart, G Guardigli, R Furtak, P Azzolini, S Chushak, J L Delgado Prieto, S Kornienko, K K Sia, J H Shin, F Baylac Domengetroy, P Błaszczak, M Saade, N Černič-Šuligoj, K Coetzee, A Kadleckova, V Scollo, O Larina, R Pal, M M Singh, N Nosova, R Burns, B S Yoo, O Gukov, F Massari, V Antia, A Brattström, G Holt, M Scherbak, V Firastrau, Y J Li, E Mikhailova, L Machado Cesar, C García García, J Pjontek, C Everton Biglow, G Pes, C Brown, A Bumbu, S Felis, R Bosch, M Lazaro, Luigi Tavazzi, R Engel, I Romeo Castillejo, Y S Byun, F Matias, I Grushetskaya, C Mestre-Fernandes, T Kheliya, S Schlesingerova, G Theodorakis, I Tsamopoulos, R Pedretti, A Puente Barragán, M P Vo, B Lammens, T Carruthers, J S Bhatt, A Khodanov, N Pasechnaya, I Petrova, G Boutros, I A Khan, E Le Moal, D Garofalo, H R Malaterre, A Bahal, J F Martínez González, H N Dinh, N V Pham, C Barjhoux, I Gilmour, C Soriano Navarro, O D Chioncel, K Tóth, N Borodina, P Khanoyan, B Sevilla Toral, H H Kim, C M A Bui, C Dernedde, N Eliseeva, M Galinier, E Kosachek, M M Doohan, L Potapska, M Tennekoon, R Nourallah, L Perez De Isla, K H Chee, E Panova, D M Walker, G Glanowska, G Hua, A Silvestre, W Wang, Matthew A. Brown, B Luke, G Jarosiński, R Davis, S Cleron, C Liatas, I Orestis, M Dereń, J Sudnik, S X Zhou, J Fuertes Alonso, O Baranova, S Mingalaeva, T N Vo, K A Ngo, J A Rodríguez Fernández, R Ishmael, G Bode, K K Chan, G Al Radaideh, S Ramphall, H D Theron, V Montagud Saavedra, A Yusuf, G F Mazzanti Mignaqui, L Evtukhova, J Lorenc, D Beacock, O B Šlapikienė, F Alitto, J N Poujois, B Berzal Martín, M Felbermayer, V Mallamaci, T Spitsina, R Ramachandran, A Jánosi, V Dženkevičiūtė, S Gillam, V Joulie, G Esna Ashari, R Henry, E Durand, A Alam, V Fourchard, H Dreycopp, R Fressonnet, C Camossa, O Jerzykowska, M Castrucci, G Sinicropi, B K Goyal, V Vasylenko, R Grogono, M Partington, B Vaquette, R Blindt, Mª T Moreno Casquete, V Kukaleva, W Streb, P F Clavette, M Pérez Paredes, V Hadjiivanov, C Bundy, D E Manyari, A Wassef, J Kuchar, W Nisker, P S Bath, S Panpunnung, G H Choo, Datshana P Naidoo, Y Pavlova, R McManus, N Brand, E Davies, L Prunier, A Schenowitz, P Sternthal, T Sinotova, J Martínez Florez, R Sykulski, J Pinar Sopena, M Balbi, Y Pesant, D A Playford, C Villar Mariscal, F Redding Escalante, W Wongcharoen, O Grechishkina, A Girão, M Speth-Nitschke, K A Mahendran, A Bianco, A Vadavi, G Singh, L Petoin Peuch, L Sukhanova, A Y Y Fong, J L Vega Barbado, A Dzien, S Honorat, G Ansalone, G Kamensky, G McLaren, T B Kim, I Bratu, R Fillet, V Rogozhyna, L Nagy, M Malgina, M A Sheikh Abdul Kader, Z C Li, L Rotaru H Rus, D Adamczyk-Kot, J Estrella, S Serrano García, P Farto E Abreu, D Mescharekova, Su Thillai Vallal, P Seal, S Möller, A Cziráki, T T H Ta, S Davies, H Ge, M Arafah, M Ovize, A Olszewski, V Aboyans, C Roche, F Al Tamimi, L Popova, V Kazachkova, R Rennert, J Aubry, G Bourgeois, J Mackrell, F Al Kandari, N Reifart, J Bérubé, W H J Hutse, O Lysunets, I Butkuvienė, J Cotroneo, J Gdalia, J Dalle Mule, R Santos, B Singh, H Mohammed, A Birkenhagen, T Chiscaneanu, H Sullivan, Jacob A. Udell, N Bolotova, A Jankowska, M Skonieczny, B S K Ch'ng, O Aiyegbayo, S Ciaroni, N Lago, S R Coimbra, R Ellis, B K Koo, S Rostik, P Jacquier, A Conradie, N Biryukova, M Ayche, A Khripun, B Peperstraete, E Velasco Espejo-Saavedra, G Cunliffe, G Grollier, C Ceraulo, T L To, Q H Tran, M Anscombe, R Jordan, I Czuriga, P Haimes, R Ancín Viguiristi, H Q Zhang, C A Chételat, A Rafter, E Rinkūnienė, K Yang, W Gao, J Pearce, L C Fernández Léoz, L Gareeva, R Fernández Alvarez, G Verret, P Astrakhantseva, C M Chu, L Murphy, P A Do, J L Liu, A Clifford, K Woollard, N Dmitrieva, N Lousada, R Díaz Juárez, N Semenova, T Fesenko, F Henschel, R Amini, G Matuszewska, R Christodorescu, J Varaldi, S Varughese, V Lafarenko, A Ashford, J L Colomer Martín, S Assouline, H Noor Hasni, A Weatherup, T Forster, R Kaserbacher, I Caldwell, N Arabadzhi, Emmanuel Sorbets, A Rink, E C Rueda Calle, J M Stordeur, P West, V C Do, Béla Merkely, J Antunes, U Altmann, S Magheru, B Bachmann, W Parkar, M de los Reyes López, M Wazana, A Frattola, M Mospan, V Koval, E Giusti Rossi, J Vasconcelos, K B Do, A Ogorodnichuk, D Lighezan, G Mentz, J M Cherry, P Pouderou, M Moretti, C M Spinu, Emmanuelle Vidal-Petiot, N Kupstytė, P Jourdain, V Voronina, O Varezhnikova, S Williams, H AlFaleh, R Lew, P Hildebrant, J Drozd, G Muscio, T H Ashton, A Achilli, J Harinasuta, T Ghose, G Walawski, Y Arkhipova, M Alves Costa, B Day, A Suntinger, A Singh, P Sheringham, A Vázquez García, J Taggeselle, J T Dong, T H Goh, G Rojas, R Schultz, A Ballet, O Likhobabina, Z M Qian, S Sandoval Navarrete, D Manzi, S Langridge, W Haerer, C K Abdullah, L Hay, Á Herdade, A Gałuszka-Bilińska, F Biausque, V M Lai, D S Eccleston, L Nikolaeva, P Kalaras, J Martínez Redding, N P H Tran, B Wauer, Philippe Gabriel Steg, B Etcheverry, J Navarro Manchón, R Augarde, C Dixon, M Y Chen, J L Gleizes, S Pustovit, J L Farges, S Cox, G Manchet, K Shein, L Parker, C C Ang, O Sinyukova, V Veth, A Kurekhyan, N Cindea Nica, N Wittlich, J Al Yazeedi, A Pucheu, V Elliott, J Bories, K Alford, M F Ferrão E Vasconcelos, A Adamkiewicz-Piejko, R Cervenak, J F Beltrame, A Castro, L Safonova, G Koutsimpanis, C de Brito Vianna, R Wysocki, V Ginzburg, J Hernández Afonso, A Ihonor, O Golubeva, M Karachaliou, S Kleta, D d'Este, Gustavs Latkovskis, F Jäger, E Gamzatov, Y Kozhelenko, J Lippai, T T L Ong, S J Ge, A Hersi, K Kyd, S Mingam, V Yordanova, L Bardachenko, E Mozerova, S W Liu, J Zdrojewska, E Chung, M Leclair, M Nazir, S Zarechnova, A Rahman, M Sołtysiak, B Maguire, F Moreira Pinto, R Fathi, E Prieto Moriche, C Priftis, P Heno, N Sytilina, A Pladys, S Shimonenko, P Keller, J F Junior, G Amiel Oster Sauvinet, J P Kanner, L Tkachenko, J Dalal, A Liston, D Herrera Fernández, J L Bonnet, A Chirivella González, R P Shah, F A Reyes Cisneros, C Avgerinos, P Ravoala, V Albero Martínez, G Suarez, V Jouve, A Frankiewicz, A Lindsay, A De Meester, H Dau, M Pornin, J Álvarez Gil, J Murin, T Hodac, J J Gómez Barrado, Y J Wu, S Jean, P Hilti, A Dayani, R Steponėnienė, G A Somsen, H Zhang, J Moore, P Tarenidis, T H Nguyen, M Maliszewski, L Voloshyna, S Novo, A Phrommintikul, I Shanina, Roberto Ferrari, P Franklin, C Turner, W Boonyapisit, F Sepulcri, P Vandergoten, J Carvalho, J Halcox, V Rotenberger, J F Baril, M Turiel, P Shiels, P Painsipp, S Reis Monteiro, T Honsig, V Vivekaphirat, J Ardill, P Brodzicki, A Khalifa, H Audibert, T Wettstein, F Auhser, D Ezekiel, D Pella, E Simarro Martín-Ambrioso, H S Seo, J A Núñez Gamero, Gabriel Steg, M Orbán, S Bykovskaya, W Gadziński, N Rozkova, G H M Vawda, R A Motyer, B Limeres González, E Fernandez Valadez, Riyaz S. Patel, I Shaikh, E Ziak, A Estriga, P Dodemant, Dragos Vinereanu, W Miao, L Marullo, F MacNamara, S K Tan, N Giacomantonio, A Leherissier, H W Li, Arpana Agrawal, Y Moreau, F David, S K Ma, A N Jamaluddin, E Alegría Ezquerra, Scalzo, M C Ta, T T Nguyen, A Sudre, R Gupta, H Lagioia, M Haiba, P Kohan, M Szentivanyi, T Dmitrieva, N Vechtomova, C Vuille, R G Schena, P Navratil, O Tsygankov, L Saaby, P Lefebvre, S King Wong, S Maheas Morlet, N H Pham, P Bonnet, S Modi, L Gaspar, M Karlicek, S Pallie, H T Pham, S Abele, N Bizyaeva, L Facila Rubio, N Meneveau, G Poluyanova, J Calaça, S Orazi, M Emonts, A Yusufali, V Sprott, Z Vazhdaeva, M R Conte, E Bulakhova, K Giokoglu, E Page, E Kotova, G Maragoni, C Jerjes Sánchez, T Kiver, M Brunehaut Petaut, A Nagy, P Singer, Zs Sziegl, B Fontanet, S Strange, A Watson, J Föchterle, Janet A. Dunn, R Šlapikas, M Stikhurova, S Salimova, J Volmar, E Otero Chulian, S Hutchinson, R Koller, X Bonnaud, E Peris Domingo, F Marín Ortuño, E Galve Basilio, S Bongo, L Payot, C Miller, A Samothrakitis, L Silva Melchor, K Orzechowski, W Hofer, L V Nguyen, R Oliver, K T Jung, J Robb, D Sobczyk, J Muller, A Tomatti, M Gruchała, C Bradshaw, D Richmond, E Mineeva, E Smirnova, A Idrissi-Sbai, H Vial, R Balai, I Kiseleva, H Jones, M Gibbs, D Ohlmeyer, Y Al Wahshi, V d’Alessandro, S Pérez Ibiricu, V Zachos, A Chernozemova, D R Spink, J Schneider, A M Peset Cubero, M Irurita Latasa, M Migliore, G Perna, E Daniels, M H Tay, N Z Khiew, I Soin, F Bernasconi, T Garban, F Omardeen, O Rodina, L Kanagaratnam, I Blum-Decary, A Jaussi, D Romero Alvira, D Vermander, N Kanumilli, M A Romero Maldonado, M Fernández-Valls Gómez, H Tran, T P Nguyen, H Omar, R S Collette, B Kisjós, H Krause-Allmendinger, J Silva E Sá, H Topf, F Panetta, T C Do, G Roul, J Leso, A Lacroix, M Fic, C Hart, R Chan, L Lema, Y Polyanskaya, R Howlett, Lesley J. Burgess, X P Chen, Hywel C Williams, V T Le, N Gurianova, R Duchowska, V P Nair, D Mitropoulos, A Allcock, T T H Bui, M Golub, E Yakovenko, M Perry, F Belcastro, K Svolis, B H R Forge, F Fernández de la Cigoña, N Murga Eizagaechevarría, G Mariano Pêgo, V Mincheva, T N Nguyen, J Moyal, M Wei, H Vinhas, A Batalla Celorio, C Romero Menor, S Rahman, N Hassler jun, F Duclos, K Ladha, A Ordóñez España, B C Chang, R Cortés Sánchez, G Lafrance, I Mihailova, Y Riou, I Pashentseva, S Tantillo, U Casas Juarezy, Ian B. Wilkinson, MJuneja, Q L Liu, M Baquero Alonso, P Kirmond, A Stevens, T Bouvy, P Casas Giménez, G Kassianos, P Kohler, T Rundell, J A Romero Hinojosa, T Sagastagoitia Gorostiza, M A Bennouna, A Hourany, F Thoin, G Steurer, V Batushkin, L Kolevatova, A Földi, G Sabe-Affaki, J T M Geraedts, I Illushechkin, T Korotich, W Manlay, B Merian, G Morrison, Y Wang, G Solache, P Magnus, A Lugin, S Tereshko, Jorge Escobedo, D Sharp, A Thelemann, J Gold, M Catarino Carvalho, P Lang, B Hermellin, B Doucet, A Martín Santana, E Foltzer, J Mora Robles, A I Bakbak, G Stanciulescu, L Baurenski, O Demina, G Lalljie, N Shmakova, R Vicente Amato, N Q Nguyen, S Kimmel, J-M Grégoire, F Tumarov, R Cue Carpio, S Nikishina, A Mukhtar, J Rueda Soriano, M Gnädinger, Michal Tendera, P Raska, S Cicek-Hartvig, E Potapova, A Melero Pita, P Ormiston, L Pastor Torres, R Shaw, M S Chenniappan, T Guo, L Zharikova, R Amoretti, J Janssen, G Kositsina, S Rajendran, N Atamanchuk, V Plastiras, T Kiernan, M H Pham, V M J 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Kalra, J A Castillo Moreno, W K Ng, C Brunschwig, D Morgan, A Concepción Clemente, N Yakimova, J M Guy, A H Jaafar, J Badarienė, N Taylor, L Compson, R Amor, A Maximovitch, J L Bardají Mayor, E Marín Araez, N H Chau, N Srtumilenko, K Kelly, A Papathanasioy, S Erofeev, B Mamez, A Ribeiro, M Micko, N Alvarenga Recalde, K Atueva, Z Sebõk, P Kycina, A K Gupta, A Laucevičius, R Ahuja, A Prokop, P Stadler, S De Ridder, L Zhang, F B Ramadan, L Kapustina, V Fedoskin, A Bateman, C A Nacht, R Musetescu, M Aparici Feal, A Büttl, S Ross, M Rau, P Federico Zaragoza, G Brisson, M Zagreanu, T T H Pham, F Dominé, N Davydova, N Petrochenko, N Paul, P H Truong, S Frickel, W Bryl, G Brouillette, A Stumpp, M Barrera Bustillos, C Ziccarelli, O Zalyzniak, M eatherhead, N Watkins, G Riccioni, l Kudryavtsev, R Carvalho, J P S Sawhney, V González Toda, P Matos Dias, M Giorgadze, I Rodriguez Marrero, W Gritsch, K Lee, G W Kellam, I Parker, V Ecina, Mª I Soto Ruiz, C Delhomme, T Ivaschenko, Y W Cheah, I Grudtsina, R Chehayeb, T Dookie, O Krasnoslobodskaya, P Jarmużek, F Van den Branden, A M F Vandeplas, A Rocha De Almeida, M Espiga De Macedo, E Łotocka, K Nagy, R Paliulionienė, J L Leyva Pons, N Fedorova, Y Yanina, O Stasuk, Z Vlasuk, P Lim, P Egloff, T Berezhna, A Faria, J Cerda Rojas, E Moser, H G Jin, S J Oh, G Arquero García, K H Karner, I Leontaridis, A Banikova, J Fridrich, H Lesseliers, I Pokrovskaya, P Astridge, H Abdul Manap, R Daniel, C A Almeida Fernández, A Nowowiejska-Wiewióra, B Carvalho De Moura, M Malden, H Rosenstein, S Dixon, G Balogh, M Adam-Blanpain, A Sandalian, H Gervas Pavón, G A Antoniadis, N Naberezhnova, A Amlaiky, P Terrosu, K K H Lau, B Chartier, X Su, O Kovyrshyna, G Beale, P Primot, M H Chen, S S Ramesh, R Chyrek, E Gómez Álvarez, J Rodríguez Collado, G Sibilio, R Jeremiasz, R Colin, C Lalla, G M Fullerton, M P Samal, H Thümmel, R P Patel, J Takhar, H M Kwon, T A Cieza Lara, F Magliari, J Morrell, M Rayo Gutiérrez, T L Orenstein-Lyall, H Choi, S Kulinich, A Aftab, A Wallace, B B Abdul Kareem, S Kwok, A Królak, A Grover, Laurent Fauchier, Mª J Pinilla Lozano, G Sengupta, D Paris, M Al Dhanki, J Milewski, F Petersen Aranguren, H Brufau Redondo, H Mayr, A Arias Mendoza, M Ducoudre, A Correia, J S Awtar Singh, P Aylward, E Brscic, J Du Plooy, J L Arenas León, G Silva Alves, L Sreenivasa Murthy, P Dendale, F La Varra, S Minkin, T Eggeling, A Jamiel, G Lebischak, E Andreev, T V A Tuong, V Chaithiraphan, O Duprez, S Higgins, F Chometon, Y Cottin, A Bonny, C Guyetand, J Matos, F Henpin Yue Cesena, L Polyaeva, M Drijfhout, J Toplak, G E Vertes, N F Wang, J Doucet, A K Trivedi, P Turek, G Chouinard, A Al Lawati, W Filip, F Kovar, T J Cha, A Belanger, H L Cong, J F Robert, D López Gómez, J L Sanz Rodríguez, H Simper, P Shetty, A Chukwu, E Bukanina, C Amoros Galito, H MacCowan, T T T Tran, A Singal, K C Vu, O Ismail, A Ardiaca Capell, P Bousquet, F Goss, Z Galeeva, Maxime Guenoun, B Rijavec, Z Lazerevic, A McCracken, A C Motoc, Y Sharapova, S Wright, A J Paule Sánchez, L Mainar Latorre, I Sirazov, X L Yang, S E Paget, G Berkenboom, J Markenvard, I Surovtseva, S K George, Matthias Simon, M L Fuantos Delgado, C Christoforidis, M Lagares Carballo, P Alvarez García, J Könemann, L Crawford, I Gonos, D Saulnier, E Szabó, L Ardouin, J Bhayat, F J Abardía Oliva, X Bernard, O Sirbu, P Boutsikos, N Khmelevskikh, E Tavlueva, P LeBouthillier, I Bourazanis, A Sequeira, M López Martínez, C P Paulus, R K M Bhaskaran, F Pellerin, B Brown, B Saleh, A Lacchè, R Sola Casado, E Kaźmierczak, M Weingrod, and G Vijayaraghavan

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems, Epidemiology, LONG-TERM, medicine.medical_treatment, Chronic coronary syndromes, Coronary Artery Disease, Revascularization, Ventricular Function, Left, GLUCOSE, MELLITUS, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus, Ethnicity, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, ARTERY-DISEASE, Myocardial infarction, Stroke, RISK, OUTCOMES, Ejection fraction, Science & Technology, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, CLARIFY Investigators, Hazard ratio, Diabetes, Stroke Volume, Geographical disparities, Syndrome, medicine.disease, MIDDLE-EAST, EUROPEAN-SOCIETY, Treatment Outcome, MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION, Heart failure, CLARIFY registry, Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, HEART-FAILURE, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract

BackgroundIn contrast with the setting of acute myocardial infarction, there are limited data regarding the impact of diabetes mellitus on clinical outcomes in contemporary cohorts of patients with chronic coronary syndromes. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and prognostic impact of diabetes according to geographical regions and ethnicity.Methods and resultsCLARIFY is an observational registry of patients with chronic coronary syndromes, enrolled across 45 countries in Europe, Asia, America, Middle East, Australia, and Africa in 2009–2010, and followed up yearly for 5 years. Chronic coronary syndromes were defined by ≥1 of the following criteria: prior myocardial infarction, evidence of coronary stenosis >50%, proven symptomatic myocardial ischaemia, or prior revascularization procedure.Among 32 694 patients, 9502 (29%) had diabetes, with a regional prevalence ranging from below 20% in Northern Europe to ∼60% in the Gulf countries. In a multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards model, diabetes was associated with increased risks for the primary outcome (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke) with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.28 (95% confidence interval 1.18, 1.39) and for all secondary outcomes (all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and coronary revascularization). Differences on outcomes according to geography and ethnicity were modest.ConclusionIn patients with chronic coronary syndromes, diabetes is independently associated with mortality and cardiovascular events, including heart failure, which is not accounted by demographics, prior medical history, left ventricular ejection fraction, or use of secondary prevention medication. This is observed across multiple geographic regions and ethnicities, despite marked disparities in the prevalence of diabetes.ClinicalTrials identifierISRCTN43070564

Published
2021

7. The impact of multidisciplinary nutritional team involvement on nutritional care and outcomes in a medical intensive care unit

Author

E S Ko, W H Cho, H J Jo, B K Koo, D B Shin, and Hye Ju Yeo

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Calorie, MEDLINE, Medicine (miscellaneous), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Patient Admission, Multidisciplinary approach, Critical care nursing, Health care, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Republic of Korea, Medicine, Humans, Nutritional care, Aged, Patient Care Team, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Nutritional Support, Length of Stay, Intensive Care Units, Parenteral nutrition, Medical intensive care unit, Emergency medicine, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, business
Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate nutritional care and outcomes in a medical intensive care unit (ICU) following multidisciplinary nutritional team (MNT) involvement. The authors retrospectively reviewed the data of all patients admitted to a medical ICU from April to October 2013 (pre-MNT period) and from April to October 2014 (post-MNT period). In total, 140 patients were included and allocated to the pre-MNT group (n=70) or the post-MNT group (n=70). The post-MNT group was more likely to use enteral nutrition (61.4 vs 37.1%, P=0.002). In terms of total calories and protein provided, the number of nutritional goal-achieved days during stays in ICU was significantly greater in the post-MNT group than in the pre-MNT group (63.7% vs 47.6%, P

Published
2016

8. Pt-free transparent counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells prepared from carbon nanotube micro-balls

Author

Seon Hee Seo, Seung I. Cha, B. K. Koo, and Dong Y. Lee

Subjects
Supercapacitor, Auxiliary electrode, Materials science, chemistry.chemical_element, Nanotechnology, General Chemistry, Carbon nanotube, Carbon black, Electrochemistry, law.invention, Dye-sensitized solar cell, chemistry, law, Electrode, Materials Chemistry, Carbon
Abstract

Since their initial invention, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have offered cost-effective photovoltaic systems. For their counter electrodes, DSSCs generally employ Pt nanoparticles. However, Pt is expensive, rare, and already widely in demand as catalyst in various chemical and electrochemical fields. Substitutes for Pt have been sought among carbon materials, such as activated carbon, carbon black, and carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the most appealing candidates, because of their favorable electrochemical catalytic activities. Unfortunately, as with other carbon materials, CNTs cannot provide high charge exchange currents. To obtain performances comparable to Pt counter electrodes, large surface areas are required, resulting in thick electrodes. We have found that transparent Pt-free counter electrodes suitable for DSSCs can be prepared using MWCNT micro-balls deposited on transparent substrates. The deposition density (i.e., the number of CNT micro-balls per unit area) can be controlled, allowing transparency and DSSC performance to be tuned. For a counter electrode transparency of 70%, the efficiency of a DSSC using CNT micro-balls is more than 80% of one using Pt nanoparticles. The prepared CNT micro-balls can be usefully applied in other electrochemical devices, such as battery and supercapacitors.

Published
2010

9. Synthesis and magnetotransport studies of single nickel-rich NiFe nanowire

Author

Youngwoo Rheem, B-Y Yoo, B K Koo, N. V. Myung, and Ward P. Beyermann

Subjects
Permalloy, Materials science, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Condensed matter physics, Magnetoresistance, Metallurgy, Nanowire, chemistry.chemical_element, Condensed Matter Physics, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Magnetization, Residual resistivity, Nickel, chemistry, Electroplating, Temperature coefficient
Abstract

One of the main concerns in the preparation of alloy nanowires is the ability to synthesize compositionally uniform nanowires along the axis. Since most of the conventional mild acidic permalloy (Ni80Fe20) electroplating baths consist of an extremely low concentration of Fe ions compared with Ni ions, the electrodeposition of iron is controlled by mass transfer, which leads to a significant change in the composition along the axis of the nanowire. To overcome this obstacle, we developed a new acidic chloride electrolyte with a high concentration of Fe and Ni ions to electrodeposit homogeneous nanowires. After synthesizing nanowires, the temperature dependent magneto- and electro-transport properties of individual nanowires were investigated. The temperature coefficient of resistance of a nanowire is much lower than the bulk counterpart, which might be attributed to a higher residual resistivity. The magnetoresistance shows a typical anisotropic magnetoresistance behaviour where the maximum anisotropic magnetoresistance ratio decreased with increasing temperature. The angular dependence of the magnetization switching field indicated that curling is the magnetization reversal mode at all temperatures.

Published
2007

10. The effects of total energy expenditure from all levels of physical activity vs. physical activity energy expenditure from moderate-to-vigorous activity on visceral fat and insulin sensitivity in obese Type 2 diabetic women

Author

B K, Koo, K A, Han, H J, Ahn, J Y, Jung, H C, Kim, and K W, Min

Subjects
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Female, Obesity, Prospective Studies, Intra-Abdominal Fat, Middle Aged, Motor Activity, Energy Metabolism, Body Mass Index
Abstract

We examined the effects of physical activity with or without dietary restriction for 3 months on regional fat and insulin sensitivity and compared the effect of total energy expenditure from all levels of physical activity with that of physical activity energy expenditure from moderate-to-vigorous exercise in obese women with Type 2 diabetes.In this randomized, controlled trial, we assessed change of body weight, abdominal visceral fat area, subcutaneous fat area and insulin sensitivity, expressed as K(ITT), and monitored total energy expenditure and physical activity energy expenditure using an accelerometer during a 12-week intervention in four groups: control, diet, exercise and diet plus exercise.The mean body mass index was 28.0 +/- 2.7 kg/m(2) and the mean duration of diabetes was 8 +/- 6 years. Both the diet and diet plus exercise groups showed significant body weight loss compared with the control group (P0.05). However, the visceral fat area was reduced only in the diet and exercise group (P = 0.017) and the subcutaneous fat area was reduced only in the diet group (P = 0.009). Mean energy intake was an independent determinant of the change in subcutaneous fat area (P = 0.020) and mean total anergy expenditure was an independent determinant of visceral fat area (P = 0.002). Insulin sensitivity K(ITT) was associated with physical activity energy expenditure (P = 0.006), energy intake (P = 0.047) and the change in fructosamine level (P = 0.016) but not with changes in body weight, subcutaneous fat area, visceral fat area or adipokine level.Exercise had an additive effect to dietary restriction on visceral fat reduction. Visceral fat area was associated with total energy expenditure, but insulin sensitivity was associated with physical activity energy expenditure.

Published
2010

11. A distributed continuous simulation model to identify critical source areas of phosphorus at the catchment scale: model description

Author

B. K. Koo, Robert C. Ferrier, S. M. Dunn, Macaulay Institute, and EGU, Publication

Subjects
Hydrology, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Scale (ratio), [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 0207 environmental engineering, Sediment, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 15. Life on land, 01 natural sciences, 6. Clean water, [SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Routing (hydrology), Model description, Erosion, [SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Environmental science, Continuous simulation, 020701 environmental engineering, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Sediment transport, Groundwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

This paper presents CAMEL (Chemicals from Agricultural Management and Erosion Losses), a distributed continuous simulation model to simulate daily phosphorus (P) transformations and transport at the catchment scale. CAMEL is a process-oriented mass-balance model that is based on both analytical and numerical approaches. In the model, a catchment is represented using a network of square grid cells each of which is comprised of various storages of water, sediment and P. Most of hydrological processes, soil erosion, sediment transport, and P transformations and transport are described using process-based equations. The P transformations between five P storages (active organic, stable organic, labile, active inorganic, and stable organic) are described using first-order kinetic equations. A comprehensive cascade routing scheme is used to simulate P retention and transport along the channel system. Dissolved P is also transported by groundwater flows, described using a two-dimensional Boussinesq equation. CAMEL simulates both surface and subsurface processes explicitly and therefore is suitable for catchment-scale applications. The distributed, process-oriented structure of CAMEL enables the model to be used for identifying critical source areas of P at the catchment-scale. CAMEL is also computationally efficient, allowing for long-term scale applications.

Published
2005

12. Introduction of HIV type 1 subtype E virus into South Korea

Author

J S, Lee, J G, Nam, E Y, Kim, C, Kang, B K, Koo, and H W, Cho

Subjects
Adult, Male, Korea, Molecular Sequence Data, Gene Products, env, HIV Infections, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Middle Aged, Genes, env, HIV-1, Humans, Female, Amino Acid Sequence, Phylogeny
Abstract

Subtype E HIV-1 is the most prevalent strain in Southeast Asia. Although subtype B is prevalent in Korea, geographical distance and increases in travel may lead to the spread of subtype E in Korea. Therefore, we tried to identify and monitor the patterns of HIV subtype E virus introduction into Korea. The divergence of nucleotide sequences within the envelope region (V3 to V5) of Korean subtype E isolates ranged from 4.3 to 14.6% (n = 8; mean, 9.5 +/- 2.8%). In pairwise comparisons of subtype E isolates between Korea and other regions, the divergence of nucleotide sequences between 8 Korean and 16 Asian subtype E variants ranged from 1.3 to 15.2% (mean, 7.8 +/- 2.6%), whereas the divergence of nucleotide sequences between 8 Korean and 2 African variants ranged from 11.7 to 20.7% (mean, 15.4 +/- 2.2%). A phylogenetic tree showed that Korean subtype E isolates cluster with the Asian isolates but far from the African isolates. These epidemiological and molecular epidemiological data suggest that HIV-1 subtype E strains have been transmitted into Korea from endemic areas of Southeast Asia rather from Africa.

Published
2000

13. Iodixanol vs ioxaglate for preventing contrast nephropathy: Who is winner?

Author

S.-H. Jo, H.-S. Kim, B.-K. Koo, and Tae-Jin Youn

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Urology, Contrast Media, Iodixanol, Contrast nephropathy, Endocrinology, Research Design, Risk Factors, Nephrology, Triiodobenzoic Acids, Internal medicine, Ioxaglic Acid, medicine, Humans, Renal Insufficiency, business, medicine.drug
Published
2007

14. Pt-free transparent counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells prepared from carbon nanotube micro-ballsElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Experimental details, a SEM micrograph, a graph of the current density–voltage relationship, a graph of the relationship between transmittance and counter electrode, and a Nyquist plot. See DOI: 10.1039/b918920c

Author

Seung I. Cha, B. K. Koo, S. H. Seo, and Dong Y. Lee

Abstract

Since their initial invention, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have offered cost-effective photovoltaic systems. For their counter electrodes, DSSCs generally employ Pt nanoparticles. However, Pt is expensive, rare, and already widely in demand as catalyst in various chemical and electrochemical fields. Substitutes for Pt have been sought among carbon materials, such as activated carbon, carbon black, and carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the most appealing candidates, because of their favorable electrochemical catalytic activities. Unfortunately, as with other carbon materials, CNTs cannot provide high charge exchange currents. To obtain performances comparable to Pt counter electrodes, large surface areas are required, resulting in thick electrodes. We have found that transparent Pt-free counter electrodes suitable for DSSCs can be prepared using MWCNT micro-balls deposited on transparent substrates. The deposition density (i.e., the number of CNT micro-balls per unit area) can be controlled, allowing transparency and DSSC performance to be tuned. For a counter electrode transparency of 70%, the efficiency of a DSSC using CNT micro-balls is more than 80% of one using Pt nanoparticles. The prepared CNT micro-balls can be usefully applied in other electrochemical devices, such as battery and supercapacitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Synthesis and magnetotransport studies of single nickel-rich NiFe nanowire.

Author

Y Rheem, Y Yoo, B K Koo, W P Beyermann, and N V Myung

Subjects
NANOWIRES, NICKEL, IRON, MAGNETORESISTANCE
Abstract

One of the main concerns in the preparation of alloy nanowires is the ability to synthesize compositionally uniform nanowires along the axis. Since most of the conventional mild acidic permalloy (Ni80Fe20) electroplating baths consist of an extremely low concentration of Fe ions compared with Ni ions, the electrodeposition of iron is controlled by mass transfer, which leads to a significant change in the composition along the axis of the nanowire. To overcome this obstacle, we developed a new acidic chloride electrolyte with a high concentration of Fe and Ni ions to electrodeposit homogeneous nanowires. After synthesizing nanowires, the temperature dependent magneto- and electro-transport properties of individual nanowires were investigated. The temperature coefficient of resistance of a nanowire is much lower than the bulk counterpart, which might be attributed to a higher residual resistivity. The magnetoresistance shows a typical anisotropic magnetoresistance behaviour where the maximum anisotropic magnetoresistance ratio decreased with increasing temperature. The angular dependence of the magnetization switching field indicated that curling is the magnetization reversal mode at all temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Aspirin versus clopidogrel for chronic maintenance monotherapy after percutaneous coronary intervention (HOST-EXAM).

Author

B. K., Koo

Subjects
ASPIRIN, NONSTEROIDAL anti-inflammatory agents, CLOPIDOGREL, CEREBROVASCULAR disease patients, CARDIOVASCULAR disease treatment
Abstract

The HOST-EXAM trial compared the use of long-term monotherapy with aspirin versus clopidogrel after PCI. At 37 sites in South Korea, 5438 patients who received dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) without clinical events for 6-18 months after PCI with a drug-eluting stent (DES) were randomised to receive monotherapy with either clopidogrel 75mg once daily or aspirin 100mg once daily for a further 24 months. The primary end-point was a composite of all-cause death, non-fatal MI, stroke, readmission for acute coronary syndrome, and major bleeding. During follow-up, the primary outcome occurred in 152 (5.7%) patients in the clopidogrel group and 207 (7.7%) in the aspirin group (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.59-0.90; p=0.0035). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021

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