Search

Polycystic kidney disease represented by autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) have a major impact of mortality in children. We conducted a study of a premature infant with an estimated gestation date of 32 weeks with a presumptive prenatal diagnosis of right polycystic kidney. A 28-year-old primigravida with pre-eclampsia was admitted at the gynecology unit of Clinical Emergency County Hospital of Craiova. The clinical examination revealed a large abdominal distention due probably to the right polycystic kidney, suspected on prenatal ultrasound and radiography. The preterm neonate undergone right nephrectomy 5 days after birth. Histopathology of the kidney was performed in the Pathology Department of the Emergency County Hospital of Craiova and in the Center for Microscopic Morphology and Immunology of U.M.F. of Craiova. Microscopy revealed dilated cysts lined by simple cuboidal or flattened epithelium, and islets of remnant kidney parenchyma separated by edematous stroma. Immunohistochemistry for CD34 revealed incomplete blood arcades which did not seem to be in contact with all the tubular elements of the parenchyma, when compared to a control age-matched kidney. The patient had a favorable postoperative evolution, she was clinically stable on discharge from the hospital with a follow-up strategy including genetic testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transthoracic needle biopsy (TNB) is a fast and safe method used to establish definitive diagnosis for most thoracic lesions, whether the lesion is located in the pleura, the lung parenchyma, or the mediastinum. Diffuse disease and solitary lesions are equally approachable.TNB can avoid (when technically possible) more complex diagnostic interventions such asmediastinoscopy, thoracoscopy and exploratory thoracotomy. This article focuses on the advantages of TNB which is a safe, affordable and quick method to obtain histopathological confirmation of intrathoracic tumors. Material and MethodsThe study included a total of 235 cases over a period of 4 and a half years (01.01.2011-30.04.2015). We investigated the demographic and clinical parameters, the guiding methods, the histological results and the complications of the procedure. ResultsThe median age of the patients was 62 years and the predominent sex was male. We could obtain a tissue biopsy in 99% with a histopathological confirmation of 88%. The most frequently used guiding method was the previous CT scan of the patient and the anathomical landmarks (53%). The main histopathological result was squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusions TNB is generally a safe procedure with limited morbidity and extremely rare mortality. It is an affordable and quick method to obtain histopathological confirmation of intrathoracic tumors. Most TNBs can be performed by using local anesthesia without conscious sedation and virtually any location in the chest can be safely addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hydatid cyst with double location (lung and liver) is a challenge for the thoraco-abdominal border surgery mainly due to the difficulty of choosing the approach (thoracotomy and laparotomy versus thoracotomy and phrenotomy). We present a case of hydatid cyst with dual location (right lung and left hepatic lobe) resolved by right thoracotomy and right transphrenic approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An abstract of the article "Transthoracic Needle Biopsy (TNB) Under Different Guiding Methods the Experience of the Thoracic Surgery Clinic of Craiova After First 175 Cases," by A. Demetrian and colleagues is presented.

The performed study has comprised a number of 60 endometrial carcinomas, prevailed from women aged in the premenstrual period, in whose cases we have followed also the appreciation of the differentiating grading as well as the various aspects in neoplasies progression. The appreciation of the differentiating grading has allowed their placing as it follows: 39 cases of endometroid carcinoma well differentiated, seven cases of endometroid carcinoma mildly differentiated and five cases of endometroid carcinoma poorly differentiated. The correlation of the differentiating grading with the stage of tumoral progression has allowed the observation of the fact that while well invasive differentiated endometroid adenocarcinoma have been limited to the level of the uterine body, mildly and poorly differentiated invasive endometroid carcinoma besides profound myometrial invasion have associated cervical invasion and metastasis in structures situated at a real distance.

This paper analyzes 18 endometrial carcinomas with different degrees of differentiation, the objective being to estimate involvement of p53 oncoprotein in the mechanism of endometrial carcinogenesis and the possible correlations with the tumoral proliferative activity evaluated by PCNA. The p53 immunoexpression was positive in 44.4% of the studied endometrial carcinomas, divided in three groups, the intensity of the immunostaining for p53 being increased for the low differentiated and undifferentiated endometrial carcinomas, whereas the differentiated endometrial carcinomas were moderate or low p53 positive. All the investigated tumors were PCNA positive, the PCNA index being of 40% in well-differentiated carcinomas, while in low differentiated and undifferentiated endometrial carcinomas the medium values of PCNA were of 60%, respectively 85%. Correlating the p53 and PCNA findings, we noted that PCNA was expressed especially in the cases with increased proliferative activity, without a significant statistic correlation between p53 and PCNA expression.

This study concerns 147 cases of limited endometrial hyperplasia, diagnosed at patients between IV, V, VI and VII decades of life. Histopathologically, the aspects were of basal hyperplasia--40 cases and polyp hyperplasia--107 cases. The polyp-like hyperplasia was present at pre and postmenopausal patients. At the premenopausal patients the polyps were hormonally active: glandular, glandular-cystic and adenomatous type polyps. In contrast, the majority of the postmenopausal patients presented hormonally inactive polyps, like cystic atrophic or fibrous polyps. Modifying the prognosis of lesions, we took in consideration the morphologic changes associated with these lesions, like epithelial metaplasia or nuclear atypia.