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The importance of artificial intelligence in the banking industry is reflected in the speed at which financial institutions are adopting and implementing AI solutions to improve their services and adapt to new market demands. The aim of this research is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the involvement of artificial intelligence in the banking sector to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of research to guide future directions and support the sustainable development of this rapidly expanding field. Another important objective is to identify research gaps and underexplored areas in the field of artificial intelligence in banking. The methodology used is a bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer, analysing 1089 papers from the Web of Science database. The results of the study provide relevant information for banking professionals but also for policy makers. Thus, the study highlights key areas where banks are using artificial intelligence to gain competitive advantage, thereby guiding practitioners in strategic decision making. Moreover, by identifying emerging trends and patterns in AI adoption, the study helps banking practitioners with foresight, enabling them to anticipate and prepare for future developments in the field. In terms of governmental implications, the study can contribute to the development of more nuanced regulatory frameworks that effectively balance the promotion of AI innovation with the protection of ethical standards and consumer protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal of this research is to identify the causality relations between the greenhouse gases emissions, the blue economy and the economic growth based on a panel of annual data from the three Baltic countries, members of the European Union during 2009-2018 period. After applying stationarity and cointegration tests, the long term cointegration coefficients shall be determined with the help of the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimator. Granger causality estimation based on the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) was applied to identify the causality relationship between the variables and to detect the direction of causality. Based on the identified causality relations, the Blue Economy has a significant influence on greenhouse gas emissions on the short and long run. Unidirectional causality relations have been identified from the economic growth on the greenhouse gases emissions on a long and short term, as well as from the economic growth on the Blue Economy on a short term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The public debt stock is an indicator of high interest at the macroeconomic level and regulated within the European Union by the Maastricht Treaty, which provides a level of public debt of at most 60% of GDP. Romania, as a member state of the EU, must fit this percentage. This article analyzes the evolution of public debt in our country in terms of dynamics and structure for the period 2000-2018. The evolution of governmental and local public debt, as well as the service of governmental public debt and the differences between the public debt determined according to the EU methodology and the one determined according to the national methodology is highlighted. Finally, we will draw some conclusions regarding the evolution of the public debt and its sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to reveal an alternative method of measuring the banking performance through the banking efficiency. In order to estimate the banking efficiency we have applied the Data Envelopment Analysis - DEA technique. In the analysis we made, we have used the approach of the banking intermediation which supposes that the banks intermediate the funds between the deponents and the debtors with the lowest costs. Therefore, the inputs we will use are: the expenses with the personnel and the expenses with the interests, the outputs: the investments and the credits and the prices of the inputs: the expenses with the personnel reported to the number of employees and the expenses with the interests reported to the volume of the deposits. For the estimation of the DEA model we used the data taken from the financial reports of 11 most important banks in Romania for 2008 - 2011. The data were processed in the DEAP 2.1. program. Therefore, the obtained results can be materialized in the following directions: most of the banks in Romania are inefficient from the cost management perspective; during the crisis, the foreign banks proved to be more inefficient than the local ones on the background of the propagation of the negative effects from the parent-banks; in the case of the smaller banks, one states that they are more efficient than the greater banks because of the fact that the totality of the expenses with the interests and of the expenses with the personnel has not been correlated with the volume of the granted loans and of the investments and because of holding a greater volume of nonperforming loans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The costs and benefits of adopting a unique currency have been studied and outlined by the optimum currency areas theory. This theory of Mundell has suffered modifications, a series of economists identifying and introducing a series of subsequent or additional criteria in the analysis. Starting from the costs indicated by the optimum currency areas theory and its further developments, I have identified a series of factors that I believe to represent future risks for the Romanian economy within the process of adopting the unique euro currency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to analyze the effects of Romania's macroeconomic variables of the loan portfolio quality of the banking sector. Specifically, the study seeks to emphasize the interdependent macroeconomic elements that influence the evolution of credit portfolio quality for commercial banks. To achieve these correlations we use both the VAR model and the method of least squares. Monetary and structural influences are highlighted by using cumulative impulse - answer functions. The results show that monetary factors have contributed greatly to the intensity of financial crises. Beyond these results, it can be concluded that the interest rate and real exchange rate play an important role in sizing the loan portfolio quality at the banking system level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article makes a comparative analysis of Romania and Bulgaria on their way to adopting the euro. In order to highlight the situation of the two countries after 5 years of EU membership and the opportunity to adopt the euro, we analyzed the macroeconomic key performance indicators, the indicators of the financial sector and of foreign trade for Romania and Bulgaria. The article emphasizes the comparison between the two countries in terms of the achievement of the convergence criteria and the position that officials have regarding the euro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing e-commerce and to evaluate the long and short-term impacts on the development of e-commerce activity. After establishing the hypotheses to verify, we use multiple panel regressions to test the influence of education level, consumer's residence, consumer's labour market status, internet banking, mobile and non-mobile users on the development of e-commerce. For this matter, in this paper, by adopting the fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) method and a vector error correction model (VECM), we performed an empirical analysis of the nexus between education level, consumer's residence, consumer's labour market status, internet banking and mobile and non-mobile users and e-commerce, based on panel data for EU–27 countries from 2011 to 2020. The results of the study indicate that all the variables involved in the two econometric models and associated with education level, consumer's residence, labour market status, internet banking, mobile and non-mobile users, all have significant impacts on the development of e-commerce. Most of the variables positively influence the development of e-commerce except for internet purchases by individuals un-employed and for internet purchases by non-mobile users that are negatively correlated with e-commerce activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]