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5. The Effect of tDCS on EEG-Based Functional Connectivity in Gait Motor Imagery

Author

Gaxiola-Tirado, J. A., Rodríguez-Ugarte, M., Iáñez, E., Ortiz, M., Gutiérrez, D., Azorín, J. M., Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Ferrández Vicente, José Manuel, editor, Álvarez-Sánchez, José Ramón, editor, de la Paz López, Félix, editor, Toledo Moreo, Javier, editor, and Adeli, Hojjat, editor

Published
2019
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6. A self-consistent model of isolated neutron stars: the case of the X-ray pulsar RX J0720.4-3125

Author

Perez-Azorin, J. F., Pons, J. A., Miralles, J. A., and Miniutti, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a unified explanation for the observed properties of the isolated neutron star RX J0720.4-3125 by obtaining, for the first time, a self-consistent model that accounts simultaneously for the observed X-ray spectrum and optical excess, the pulsed fraction, the observed spectral feature around 0.3 keV, and the long--term spectral evolution. By fitting the parameters of our realistic self--consistent models to all archival XMM--Newton observations and available optical data, we show that all observed properties are consistent with a normal neutron star with a proper radius of about 12 km, a temperature at the magnetic pole of about 100 eV and a magnetic field strength of 2-3 x 10^{13} G, with no need to invoke additional emission and absorption components nor exotic internal composition. The observed variability of the effective temperature, strength of the spectral feature, and pulsed fraction are in good agreement with the predictions of our model in which the star is subject to free precession, producing changes in the angle between the magnetic field and the rotation axis of tens of degrees with a periodicity of 7 years, as pointed out by other authors on the basis of phenomenological models. In addition to the evidence of internal toroidal components, we also find strong evidence of non-dipolar magnetic fields, since all spectral properties are better reproduced with models with strong quadrupolar components., Comment: Replaced with extended version, 13 pages, 7 figures

Published
2006
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11. Classification of Gait Motor Imagery While Standing Based on Electroencephalographic Bandpower

Author

Angulo-Sherman, I. N., Rodríguez-Ugarte, M., Iáñez, E., Azorín, J. M., Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Ferrández Vicente, José Manuel, editor, Álvarez-Sánchez, José Ramón, editor, de la Paz López, Félix, editor, Toledo Moreo, Javier, editor, and Adeli, Hojjat, editor

Published
2017
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12. Anisotropic thermal emission from magnetized neutron stars

Author

Perez-Azorin, J. F., Miralles, J. A., and Pons, J. A.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

The thermal emission from isolated neutron stars is not well understood. The X-ray spectrum is very close to a blackbody but there is a systematic optical excess flux with respect to the extrapolation to low energy of the best blackbody fit. This fact, in combination with the observed pulsations in the X-ray flux, can be explained by anisotropies in the surface temperature distribution.We study the thermal emission from neutron stars with strong magnetic fields in order to explain the origin of the anisotropy. We find (numerically) stationary solutions in axial symmetry of the heat transportequations in the neutron star crust and the condensed envelope. The anisotropy in the conductivity tensor is included consistently. The presence of magnetic fields of the expected strength leads to anisotropy in the surface temperature. Models with toroidal components similar to or larger than the poloidal field reproduce qualitatively the observed spectral properties and variability of isolated neutron stars. Our models also predict spectral features at energies between 0.2 and 0.6 keV., Comment: 18 pages, 19 figures, version accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2005
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13. Thermal radiation from magnetic neutron star surfaces

Author

Perez--Azorin, J. F., Miralles, J. A., and Pons, J. A.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We investigate the thermal emission from magnetic neutron star surfaces in which the cohesive effects of the magnetic field have produced the condensation of the atmosphere and the external layers. This may happen for sufficiently cool atmospheres with moderately intense magnetic fields. The thermal emission from an isothermal bare surface of a neutron star shows no remarkable spectral features, but it is significantly depressed at energies below some threshold energy. However, since the thermal conductivity is very different in the normal and parallel directions to the magnetic field lines, the presence of the magnetic field is expected to produce a highly anisotropic temperature distribution, depending on the magnetic field geometry. In this case, the observed flux of such an object looks very similar to a BB spectrum, but depressed in a nearly constant factor at all energies. This results in a systematic underestimation of the area of the emitter (and therefore its size) by a factor 5-10 (2-3)., Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures

Published
2004
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16. Symbiotic Wearable Robotic Exoskeletons: The Concept of the BioMot Project

Author

Moreno, J. C., Asin, G., Pons, J. L., Cuypers, H., Vanderborght, B., Lefeber, D., Ceseracciu, E., Reggiani, M., Thorsteinsson, F., del-Ama, A., Gil-Agudo, A., Shimoda, S., Iáñez, E., Azorin, J. M., Roa, J., Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Jacucci, Giulio, editor, Gamberini, Luciano, editor, Freeman, Jonathan, editor, and Spagnolli, Anna, editor

Published
2014
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17. Algorithm for haptic rendering of reconstructed 3D solid organs

Author

Sabater, J., García, N., Pérez, C., and Azorin, J.

Abstract

Abstract: Purpose: The use of haptic (the sensing of touch) technology as an interactive tool for new diagnostic procedures is an important and interesting goal because of the potential benefits. Materials and methods: We developed an algorithm for integration of haptic sensing in a medical 3D visualization environment. 3D reconstructions were generated from a stack of medical preoperative images. The innovation of the presented work is the improvement on the behavior of the haptic rendering over previous algorithms. First, the tool we developed for 3D reconstruction is presented. The classical pipeline for surface 3D reconstruction is reviewed from a parametric point of view. These parameters play an important role in the analysis of the haptic behavior. In addition, all the parameters of the reconstruction are accessible and can be modified on-line during the reconstruction procedure. Next, the software architecture used for the integration of the haptic devices is described. The haptic rendering algorithm is detailed, including the collision detection algorithm (a simple ray-tracing scheme programmed using VTK) that is used with the medical images. Results: The results obtained by evaluation of the haptic algorithm’s behavior are presented, demonstrating acceptance of the interactive tool by medical professionals. Conclusion: An improved method for haptic sensing and interaction in a 3D medical visualization environment is feasible and promises to improve image-guided interventions and minimally invasive surgery.

Published
2024
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35. Handedness in bipolar disorders is associated with specific neurodevelopmental features: results of the BD-FACE cohort

Author

Mallet, Jasmina, Godin, Ophélia, Mazer, Nicolas, Le Strat, Yann, Bellivier, Frank, Belzeaux, Raoul, Etain, Bruno, Fond, Guillaume, Gard, Sébastien, Henry, Chantal, Leboyer, Marion, Llorca, Pierre-Michel, Loftus, Joséphine, Olié, Emilie, Passerieux, Christine, Polosan, Mircea, Schwan, Raymund, Roux, Paul, Dubertret, Caroline, Barteau, V., Bensalem, S., Laouamri, H., Souryis, K., Hotier, S., Pelletier, A., Drancourt, N., Sanchez, J., Saliou, E., Hebbache, C., Petrucci, J., Willaume, L., Bourdin, E., Carminati, M., Marlinge, E., Meheust, J., Antoniol, B., Desage, A., Jutant, A., Mbailara, K., Minois, I., Zanouy, L., Abettan, C., Bardin, L., Cazals, A., Courtet, P., Deffinis, B., Ducasse, D., Gachet, M., Henrion, A., Martinerie, E., Molière, F., Noisette, B., Tarquini, G., Azorin, J., Correard, N., Muraccioli, I., Groppi, F., Lescalier, L., Rebattu, M., Viglianese, N., Cohen, R., Kahn, J., Milazzo, M., Wajsbrot-Elgrabli, O., Bougerol, T., Fredembach, B., Suisse, A., Tassan, L., Pouchon, A., Cannavo, A., Crea, A., Feuga, V., Galliot, A., Kayser, N., Aubin, V., Cussac, I., Dupont, M., Medecin, I., Bing, A., Samalin, L., Foures, L, Lacelle, D., Pires, S., Doriat, C., Blanc, O., Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), IMRB - 'Biologie du système neuromusculaire' [Créteil] (U955 Inserm - UPEC), École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie (OPTeN (UMR_S_1144 / U1144)), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], GHU AP-HP Centre Université de Paris, Institut Pascal (IP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot (CHV), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), [GIN] Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), This work was funded by AP-HP (Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris), Fondation FondaMental (RTRS Santé Mentale), by the 'Investissements d’Avenir' programs managed by the Agence Nationale de Recherche (ANR), France under references ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02 and ANR-10-COHO-10-01, and by INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale)., ANR-10-COHO-0010,Psy-COH,FondaMental-Cohortes(2010), ANR-11-IDEX-0004,SUPER,Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche(2011), BOHAUD, FRANCOISE, Cohortes - FondaMental-Cohortes - - Psy-COH2010 - ANR-10-COHO-0010 - COHO - VALID, and Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche - - SUPER2011 - ANR-11-IDEX-0004 - IDEX - VALID

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, Substance-Related Disorders, Bipolar disorder, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Functional Laterality, Dyslexia, Cognition, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Child, Biological Psychiatry, Handedness, business.industry, Laterality, Neuropsychology, Mood stabilizer, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Substance abuse, Psychiatry and Mental health, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Cohort, Language disorders, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], business, Neurocognitive, Body mass index
Abstract

International audience; Objectives: High rates of non-right-handedness (NRH) and mixed-handedness exist in neurodevelopmental disorders. Dysfunctional neurodevelopmental pathways may be implicated in the underlying pathophysiology of bipolar disorders (BD), at least in some subgroups. Yet little is known about correlates of NRH and mixed-handedness in BD. The objectives of this national study are to determine (i) the prevalence of NRH and mixed-handedness in a well-stabilized sample of BD individuals; (ii) if NRH/mixed-handedness in BD is associated with a different clinical, biological and neurocognitive profile.Methods: We included 2174 stabilized individuals. Participants were tested with a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests. Handedness was assessed using a single oral question. Learning and/or language disorders and obstetrical complications were recorded using childhood records. Common environmental, clinical and biological parameters were assessed.Results: The prevalence of NRH and mixed-handedness were, respectively, 11.6 and 2.4%. Learning/language disorders were found in 9.7% out of the total sample and were associated with atypical handedness (only dyslexia for mixed-handedness (p < 0.01), and dyslexia and dysphasia for NRH (p = 0.01 and p = 0.04, respectively). In multivariate analyses, NRH was associated with a younger age of BD onset (aOR 0.98 (95% CI 0.96-0.99) and lifetime substance use disorder (aOR 1.40 (95% CI 1.03-1.82) but not with any of the cognitive subtasks. Mixed-handedness was associated in univariate analyses with lifetime substance use disorder, lifetime cannabis use disorder (all p < 0.01) and less mood stabilizer prescription (p = 0.028). No association was found between NRH or mixed-handedness and the following parameters: trauma history, obstetrical complications, prior psychotic symptoms, bipolar subtype, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, peripheral inflammation or body mass index.Conclusions: Handedness may be associated with specific features in BD, possibly reflecting a specific subgroup with a neurodevelopmental load.

Published
2021

48. Symbiotic Wearable Robotic Exoskeletons: The Concept of the BioMot Project

Author

Moreno, J. C., primary, Asin, G., additional, Pons, J. L., additional, Cuypers, H., additional, Vanderborght, B., additional, Lefeber, D., additional, Ceseracciu, E., additional, Reggiani, M., additional, Thorsteinsson, F., additional, del-Ama, A., additional, Gil-Agudo, A., additional, Shimoda, S., additional, Iáñez, E., additional, Azorin, J. M., additional, and Roa, J., additional

Published
2014
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49. Modeling psychological function in patients with schizophrenia with the PANSS: An international multi-center study

Author

Fountoulakis, K.N. Dragioti, E. Theofilidis, A.T. Wiklund, T. Atmatzidis, X. Nimatoudis, I. Thys, E. Wampers, M. Hranov, L. Hristova, T. Aptalidis, D. Milev, R. Iftene, F. Spaniel, F. Knytl, P. Furstova, P. From, T. Karlsson, H. Walta, M. Salokangas, R.K.R. Azorin, J.-M. Bouniard, J. Montant, J. Juckel, G. Haussleiter, I.S. Douzenis, A. Michopoulos, I. Ferentinos, P. Smyrnis, N. Mantonakis, L. Nemes, Z. Gonda, X. Vajda, D. Juhasz, A. Shrivastava, A. Waddington, J. Pompili, M. Comparelli, A. Corigliano, V. Rancans, E. Navickas, A. Hilbig, J. Bukelskis, L. Stevovic, L.I. Vodopic, S. Esan, O. Oladele, O. Osunbote, C. Rybakowski, J.K. Wojciak, P. Domowicz, K. Figueira, M.L. Linhares, L. Crawford, J. Panfil, A.-L. Smirnova, D. Izmailova, O. Lecic-Tosevski, D. Temmingh, H. Howells, F. Bobes, J. Garcia-Portilla, M.P. García-Alvarez, L. Erzin, G. Karadaǧ, H. De Sousa, A. Bendre, A. Hoschl, C. Bredicean, C. Papava, I. Vukovic, O. Pejuskovic, B. Russell, V. Athanasiadis, L. Konsta, A. Stein, D. Berk, M. Dean, O. Tandon, R. Kasper, S. De Hert, M.

Abstract

Background The aim of the current study was to explore the changing interrelationships among clinical variables through the stages of schizophrenia in order to assemble a comprehensive and meaningful disease model. Methods Twenty-nine centers from 25 countries participated and included 2358 patients aged 37.21 ±Â 11.87 years with schizophrenia. Multiple linear regression analysis and visual inspection of plots were performed. Results The results suggest that with progression stages, there are changing correlations among Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale factors at each stage and each factor correlates with all the others in that particular stage, in which this factor is dominant. This internal structure further supports the validity of an already proposed four stages model, with positive symptoms dominating the first stage, excitement/hostility the second, depression the third, and neurocognitive decline the last stage. Conclusions The current study investigated the mental organization and functioning in patients with schizophrenia in relation to different stages of illness progression. It revealed two distinct cores of schizophrenia, the Positive and the Negative, while neurocognitive decline escalates during the later stages. Future research should focus on the therapeutic implications of such a model. Stopping the progress of the illness could demand to stop the succession of stages. This could be achieved not only by both halting the triggering effect of positive and negative symptoms, but also by stopping the sensitization effect on the neural pathways responsible for the development of hostility, excitement, anxiety, and depression as well as the deleterious effect on neural networks responsible for neurocognition. © 2021 Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.

Published
2021

50. Fast-Track Liver Transplantation: Six-year Prospective Cohort Study with an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Protocol

Author

Rodriguez-Laiz G, Melgar-Requena P, Alcazar-Lopez C, Franco-Campello M, Villodre-Tudela C, Pascual-Bartolome S, Bellot-Garcia P, Rodriguez-Soler M, Miralles-Macia C, Mas-Serrano P, Navarro-Martinez J, Martinez-Adsuar F, Gomez-Salinas L, Jaime-Sanchez F, Perdiguero-Gil M, Diaz-Cuevas M, Palazon-Azorin J, Such-Ronda J, Lluis-Casajuana F, and Ramia-Angel J

Abstract

Introduction Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has been shown to facilitate discharge, decrease length of stay, improve outcomes and reduce costs. We used this concept to design a comprehensive fast-track pathway (OR-to-discharge) before starting our liver transplant activity and then applied this protocol prospectively to every patient undergoing liver transplantation at our institution, monitoring the results periodically. We now report our first six years results. Patients and methods Prospective cohort study of all the liver transplants performed at our institution for the first six years. Balanced general anesthesia, fluid restriction, thromboelastometry, inferior vena cava preservation and temporary portocaval shunt were strategies common to all cases. Standard immunosuppression administered included steroids, tacrolimus (delayed in the setting of renal impairment, with basiliximab induction added) and mycophenolate mofetil. Tacrolimus dosing was adjusted using a Bayesian estimation methodology. Oral intake and ambulation were started early. Results A total of 240 transplants were performed in 236 patients (191 male/45 female) over 74 months, mean age 56.3 +/- 9.6 years, raw MELD score 15.5 +/- 7.7. Predominant etiologies were alcohol (n = 136) and HCV (n = 82), with hepatocellular carcinoma present in 129 (54.7%). Nine patients received combined liver and kidney transplants. The mean operating time was 315 +/- 64 min with cold ischemia times of 279 +/- 88 min. Thirty-one patients (13.1%) were transfused in the OR (2.4 +/- 1.2 units of PRBC). Extubation was immediate (< 30 min) in all but four patients. Median ICU length of stay was 12.7 hours, and median post-transplant hospital stay was 4 days (2-76) with 30 patients (13.8%) going home by day 2, 87 (39.9%) by day 3, and 133 (61%) by day 4, defining our fast-track group. Thirty-day-readmission rate (34.9%) was significantly lower (28.6% vs. 44.7% p=0.015) in the fast-track group. Patient survival was 86.8% at 1 year and 78.6% at five years. Conclusion Fast-Tracking of Liver Transplant patients is feasible and can be applied as the standard of care

Published
2021

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