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Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease prevalent throughout the world. According to the geographic region in which different Leishmania species are found it can present variably. Because of the increase in both international travel and immigrant populations, the numbers of reported cases of leishmaniasis is on the increase. It is important that clinicians are able to recognize the cutaneous lesions and unusual presentations of leishmaniasis (CL). Our case was an incidental finding during treatment of a gunshot wound. The lesions were mistaken for facial pimples because they were numerous and the patient was a teenager. The patient was treated with sodium stibogluconate.

Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) or Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome is a rare X-linked dominant genodermatosis related to the NF kappa B essential modulator (NEMO) gene with approximately 800 cases reported worldwide. It usually occurs in females characterized by cutaneous, skeletal, neurological, ocular and dental abnormalities as well as an increased risk of childhood malignancies. Herein, we report a case of IP in a 14-year-old girl emphasizing early diagnosis and adding to the current literature on the subject.

Byline: Mohammad Hosein. Motamedi, Parvin. Harandi, Taghi. Azizi Sir, Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by the hemoflagellate Leishmania spp . The parasite is transmitted by the bite of an [...]

Purpose Compared with other maxillofacial lesions, oral and maxillofacial (OM) aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are rare, and most studies have been case reports. Because the features or radiographic findings of 1 case could not be representative of the whole, conclusions cannot be drawn and data analyses will not be feasible. Our aim was to assess and describe the clinical and histopathologic characteristics of a large sample of subjects with ABCs. To our knowledge, the present case series of OM ABCs is the largest ever reported. Materials and Methods To address our research purpose, we designed and implemented a retrospective case series. A multicenter retrospective cohort study of patient charts dated from 1967 to 2013 (46 years) at 10 major universities in 8 cities was undertaken to assess OM ABCs nationwide. Subjects were included if they had documented chart data and definitive histopathologic slides confirming the diagnosis and treatment of ABC. They were excluded if their histopathologic slides did not confirm the diagnosis of an ABC. Data were collected, and special forms were completed. Variables such as age, gender, site (ie, maxilla, mandible, anterior, posterior), histologic type (ie, solid, mixed, vascular), signs, symptoms, radiographic features (ie, radiolucency, unicystic or multilocular), and outcomes (ie, treatment modal, recurrence, complications) of the lesion were evaluated and documented by OM surgeons and confirmed by OM pathologists for assurance. Data analyses were performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 20, software (SPSS, Chicago, IL) (P < .05). Results We assessed the medical records and histopathologic slides of 120 patients diagnosed and treated for OM ABCs nationwide. Of these patients, 69 were male (57.5%) and 51 were female (42.5%), with no predilection found. The key findings were as follows. The mean age of occurrence was 20.7 ± 2.5 years (range 4 to 78), and occurrence was significantly greater in the first 2 decades of life (P < .001). The incidence was 2.6 cases/year. ABCs were significantly more common in the mandible (P < .05) and posterior areas (P < .05). The most common histopathologic type was the mixed type (P < .05). Firm swelling was the most common clinical presentation (P < .05); all cases were radiolucent and commonly unilateral (P < .05). Most were treated by excision and curettage. Recurrence was reported in 11 patients (9.2%) during the follow-up period (1 to 45 years). Conclusions The present retrospective cohort found ABCs with a variable presentation, disease course, and histopathologic type, with no gender predilection. ABCs were significantly more common in childhood and adolescence and in the mandible and posterior areas of the jaws. Of the cases reviewed, 90% were treated by excision and curettage. ABCs had a relatively low recurrence rate (<10%), precluding the need to perform aggressive surgery primarily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease prevalent throughout the world. According to the geographic region in which different Leishmania species are found it can present variably. Because of the increase in both international travel and immigrant populations, the numbers of reported cases of leishmaniasis is on the increase. It is important that clinicians are able to recognize the cutaneous lesions and unusual presentations of leishmaniasis (CL). Our case was an incidental finding during treatment of a gunshot wound. The lesions were mistaken for facial pimples because they were numerous and the patient was a teenager. The patient was treated with sodium stibogluconate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the case of an 8 month-old infant boy with cerebral palsy who was diagnosed with ulcerative traumatic granuloma with stromal eosinophilia or Riga-Fede disease. It notes that the rapid recovery of the infant is the result of grinding the teeth edges and covering them with resin.

Background: Sulfur mustard (SM) is a chemical warfare agent that has been repeatedly used since World War I. SM has chronic and deleterious effects on different body organs such as lungs, skin and eyes., Objectives: To determine dental and oral health status of chemical victims of SM who were exposed to SM during the Iraqi-Iran war., Material and Methods: In this case-control study, 100 male subjects exposed to SM were chosen as cases, and 100 non-exposed volunteers were chosen as controls. These groups were selected randomly according to their referral number, and were matched regarding age. Collection of information was performed using Oral Health Assessment Form designed by the World Health Organization. Quantitative and qualitative data were compared between the groups using independent samples t-test and Chi-square test, respectively., Results: There was a significant difference between the case and control groups with respect to the frequencies of oral candidiasis, pharyngeal erythema and/or hyperplasia, hairy tongue and reflux disease, being higher in the former group. There was also a positive association between the frequency of candidiasis and the percentage of disability; pharyngeal erythema and/or hyperplasia and use of salmeterol spray; and between hairy tongue and antibiotic use in the case group., Conclusions: Exposure to SM and the use of drugs for controlling long-term complications does not increase the risk of tooth decay, tooth loss, and intra and/or extra oral lesions in patients, but may be associated with increased incidence of oral candidiasis, pharyngeal erythema and/or hyperplasia, hairy tongue and reflux disease.samples of oral precancerous and cancerous lesions to test sensitivity and specificity and thus validate the clinical applicability of fluorescence imaging in (pre)cancerous diagnostics. Key words:Sulfur mustard, oral health, candidiasis.

Background and Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is the oldest known bacterial disease in humans. Due to the rise of morbidity in recent years, early diagnosis of the disease is necessary., Materials and Methods: In this study we used Fluorescent Amplification-Based Specific Hybridization (FLASH) PCR to targetIS6110 for rapid detection of M. tuberculosis (MTB). To investigate the important factors influencing the risk of TB, data from patients and their medical records were analyzed., Result: The sensitivity and specificity of FLASH-PCR for detecting MTB were determined as 93.33% and 92.5%, respectively. The findings of this study have suggested that removal of the contaminants in FLASH-PCR sign ificantly reduced the detection time, and MTB was much more rapidly detected in the clinical specimens compared to the conventional culture and smear examination. Results of the medical survey showed that the majority of TB patients were males, over 51 years old, smokers, with pulmonary TB and normal chest X-ray (CXR)., Conclusion: MTB can be rapidly detected inclinical specimens using FLASH-PCR in comparison with culture and smear examination.

Odontomas are mixed odontogenic tumors of the jaws with both epithelial and mesenchymal origins. These tumors usually are small and at times are disregarded; however, there are times when dentists will need to remove such tumors (for example, when they are symptomatic, when they enlarge or impede tooth eruption, when orthodontic treatment is required, or when they are associated with teeth that require removal, such as impacted third molars). Although odontomas are not uncommon and are familiar to practitioners, postsurgical complications may result if dentists are not aware of the potential pitfalls associated with the surgical removal of large maxillary odontomas. This article reports a typical case of a complex odontoma and addresses points and pitfalls concerning surgery to remove maxillary complex odontomas.