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Throughout history, metal-based coordination compounds have been used for medical purposes, including the treatment of various illnesses like cancer. Since the discovery of cisplatin in 1965, many other metal coordinating complexes have been developed and evaluated, involving metals such as platinum, iron, zinc, ruthenium, gold, silver, titanium, and copper. The goal behind these efforts is to create effective and safe medications. At the moment, there are a lot of studies talking about the use of cytostatic metal complexes, mainly on promising platinum- and non-platinum-based drugs in both preclinical and clinical trials. However, there is a lack of recent comprehensive studies that cover both the chemical and biological aspects of metal-based coordinating molecules in the context of cancer therapy. This review aims to provide a thorough analysis of the coordination chemistry of existing and innovative cytostatic substances. It will include a description of their design and synthesis, as well as a summary of the biochemical reactivity and physicochemical features of potential metal-containing complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ligand N-phenyl-N'-(2-thiazolyl) thiourea (LH) has been prepared from reaction of phenyl isothiocyanate with 2-aminothiazol. Treatment of deporotonated ligand (LH) with sodium tetrachloro palladate(II) afforded [Pd(L)2] complex 3. Reaction of complex 3 with [bis(diphenylphosphino) methane, dppm], [1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, dppe] and [1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane, dppp] afforded the mixed ligand complexes of the type [Pd(II)L2(Ph2P(CH2)nPPh2)], {where n = 1, dppm, n = 2, dppe or n = 3, dppp) 4-6, respectively. Further, complexes 4-6 have been treated with some transition metal salts to give homo- and heterobimetallic complexes 7-21 of the types: [(Ph2P(CH2)nPPh2) Pd (II)-µ-L2M'(II)Xm] and [(Ph2P(CH2)nPPh2)Pd(II)-µ-L2M'(II)Xm xH2O] (where n= 1, 2, or 3, M' = Pd(II), Ni(II), Mn(II), Co (II) or Cu (II) and X = Cl-, m = 2). The ligand and the prepared complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, FTIR, UV-Vis, 1H-31P{1H} NMR and mass spectroscopy. Some of these complexes have been assayed for their inhibition activity against human rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) cell line. Interestingly, compound 19 exhibited a significant cytotoxicity inhibition activity ~90% for RMS cell line, suggesting being a new lead in the development of human muscle anticancer agent. All the compounds have been screened for their antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli bacterium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]