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The conventional cooling process was chosen because of the better estimation of manufacturing times and lower manufacturing costs. One alternative to minimize the decline in quality in plastic products is by using a conformal cooling process. This study will compare the contours of the fluid flow pattern between conventional cooling channels and conformal cooling channels. Case study on a box-shaped product made of PP material which has a melt temperature of 205 ° C. 3D product images were made with Solidwork 2017 software and process simulation using fluent 19.0 software. The results showed that the temperature flow pattern in the conformal channel resulted in a temperature absorption of around 303.2K while the conventional cooling channel was around 302.5K. Then the coolant channel that experiences high pressure drop occurs in the conformal cooling channel around 88888.9 pascals and the conventional cooling channel around 355555.6 pascals.

Fatihah Yusof,1 Munirah Sha’ban,2 Azran Azhim11Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia; 2Department of Physical Rehabilitation Sciences, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, MalaysiaPurpose: Meniscus is a fibrocartilagenous tissue that cannot effectively heal due to its complex structure and presence of avascular zone. Thus, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine offer an alternative for the regeneration of meniscus tissues using bioscaffolds as a replacement for the damaged one. The aim of this study was to prepare an ideal meniscus bioscaffold with minimal adverse effect on extracellular matrix components (ECMs) using a sonication treatment system.Methods: The decellularization was achieved using a developed closed sonication treatment system for 10 hrs, and continued with a washing process for 5 days. For the control, a simple immersion treatment was set as a benchmark to compare the decellularization efficiency. Histological and biochemical assays were conducted to investigate the cell removal and retention of the vital extracellular matrix. Surface ultrastructure of the prepared scaffolds was evaluated using scanning electron microscope at 5,000× magnification viewed from cross and longitudinal sections. In addition, the biomechanical properties were investigated through ball indentation testing to study the stiffness, residual forces and compression characteristics. Statistical significance between the samples was determined with p-value =0.05.Results: Histological and biochemical assays confirmed the elimination of antigenic cellular components with the retention of the vital extracellular matrix within the sonicated scaffolds. However, there was a significant removal of sulfated glycosaminoglycans. The surface histoarchitecture portrayed the preserved collagen fibril orientation and arrangement. However, there were minor disruptions on the structure, with few empty micropores formed which represented cell lacunae. The biomechanical properties of bioscaffolds showed the retention of viscoelastic behavior of the scaffolds which mimic native tissues. After immersion treatment, those scaffolds had poor results compared to the sonicated scaffolds due to the inefficiency of the treatment.Conclusion: In conclusion, this study reported that the closed sonication treatment system had high capabilities to prepare ideal bioscaffolds with excellent removal of cellular components, and retained extracellular matrix and biomechanical properties.Keywords: sonication, meniscus, scaffolds, decellularization, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine

Abstrak Kavitasi adalah salah satu indikator penting kondisi operasi sebuah pompa sentrifugal. Fenomena kavitasi ditunjukkan dengan terbentuknya formasi gelembung udara yang kemudian pecah secara tiba-tiba akibat perubahan tekanan pada sisi hisap pompa. Kavitasi dapat menyebabkan kerusakan yang parah komponen pompa terutama bagian sudu atau impeller. Kavitasi biasanya dapat diidentifikasi melalui suara bising dan timbulnya getaran yang berlebihan. Sebuah metode deteksi kavitasi dibutuhkan agar potensi kerusakan lebih lanjut pada pompa sentrifugal dapat diantisipasi secepatnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan sebuah metode deteksi kavitasi menggunakan spektrum getaran dan spektrum envelope pada bentang frekwensi rendah 0-4 kHz dan bentang frekwensi tinggi 4-8,5 kHz. Sinyal getaran pompa direkam menggunakan sebuah akselerometer yang diletakkan pada rumah volute pompa arah aksial. Sinyal getaran kemudian ditransformasikan kedalam spektrum dan spektrum envelope menggunakan Fast Fourier Transform. Spektrum dan spektrum envelope untuk masing-masing bentang frekwensi dibandingkan antara pompa kondisi normal dan kondisi tiga level kavitasi kavitasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa spektrum frekwensi rendah dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi kavitasi level 3 yang ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan amplitudo frekwensi poros sebesar 47,6 Hz dan ½ BPF sebesar 149,6 Hz. Sedangkan kavitasi level 1 dapat dideteksi oleh spektrum envelope pada bentang frekwensi tinggi. Dapat disimpulkan pula bahwa penurunan ampitudo teramati secara umum pada domain waktu seiring dengan meningkatnya level kavitasi. Abstract Cavitation is an important indication of operation condition for a centrifugal pump. An indication of the appearance of cavitation is the formation of bubbles which collapse suddenly when the pressure changed on the suction side of the pump. The formation of cavitation bubbles can cause fault to the inner pump components. The fault that often results from cavitation phenomenon is affected in the impeller. This fault is usully identified through noise and vibration generated. Therefore, a method is needed to detect early cavitation phenomenon at the centrifugal pump. This study aims to develop cavitation detection methods using the vibration spectrum and envelope spectrum of low frequency band of 0-4 kHz and high frequency band of 4 kHz-8,5 kHz. In this study, cavitation detection in conducted by recording vibration signals that occur at centrifugal pump using an accelerometer. The data obtained is then transformed into the frequency domain and envelope spectrum using Fast Fourier Transform. The results were compared between normal condition and level 1, 2, and 3 cavitation. Comparisons were made on each vibration spectrum and envelope spectrum at the low frequency and high frequency bands. The result of this study showed that the vibration spectrum with low frequency band can detect the formation of level 3 cavitation with an increase in shaft frequency amplitude (47,26 Hz) and ½ BPF (149,6 Hz). Whereas early cavitation or level 1 cavitation was identified through the envelope spectrum at high frequency band. It also showed that a decrease in amplitude occured gradually in the time domain along with increasing level of cavitation.

In designing foundation, there are three fundamental requirements namely: ultimate limit state (ULS), serviceability limit state (SLS), and economics. Generally, the ULS and SLS are the focus of the design process, while the cost factors are not explicitly considered. This paper deals with the three requirements with the minimum construction cost as the controlling objective. A wide range of sand density conditions are considered, while the typical ULS and SLS design checks available in the literature are employed. The optimization tool used is the Solver add-in function available in MS-Excel™. The effects of different construction cost structures in four Indonesia's provinces are examined in this paper. The purpose of this research is to be able in designing the shallow foundation with 3 aspects consideration at once, namely ULS, SLS and economic. On the other hand, this research is to analyse the sensitivity's factor which influence the design, namely work unit price, soil properties and design's requirements.

ABSTRAK Proses gelombang yang disebabkan oleh getaran dapat dimanfaatkan dalam hal pemantauan struktur bangunan, analisis kebisingan peralatan industri, dan deteksi gempa. Gempa bumi memiliki dampak berbahaya pada manusia karena pergerakan lempeng bumi di bawah permukaan. Berbagai teknologi di berbagai cabang ilmu dikembangkan untuk dapat mendeteksi pergerakan lempeng dengan cepat dan baik. Tulisan ini juga menguji jangkauan sensor SW-420 terhadap sumber getaran. Memahami jangkauan sensor SW-420 sangat penting karena memungkinkan Anda untuk menyesuaikan batas sensitivitasnya sesuai dengan kebutuhan aplikasi. Meskipun informasi ini umumnya tersedia dalam lembar data, memahami jangkauan dapat membantu mengoptimalkan penggunaan sensor untuk deteksi getaran atau guncangan yang lebih akurat. Respon sensor akan dikirim ke mikrokontroler untuk menghasilkan sinyal suara pada buzzer ketika terjadi getaran. Mikrokontroler akan memproses sinyal analog dari sensor menjadi sinyal digital. Semakin jauh jangkauan sensor, semakin baik sensor tersebut dalam mendeteksi getaran. Dalam uji ini, dilakukan uji jangkauan terhadap sumber getaran. Sumber getaran berasal dari objek dengan massa tertentu yang dijatuhkan. Dalam uji ini, diketahui bahwa SW-420 mampu mendeteksi dengan jarak maksimum 200 cm dari sumber getaran. Kata Kunci: Deteksi, Getaran, Jarak, Mikrokontroler, Sensor ABSTRACT Wave propagation due to vibration can be utilized in terms of monitoring building structures, analyzing industrial equipment noise, and earthquake detection. Earthquakes have a harmful impact on humans due to the movement of subsurface plates. Various technologies in various branches of science were developed to be able to detect plate movements early and well. This paper also tests the range of the SW-420 sensor to the vibration source. Understanding the range of the SW420 sensor is crucial as it allows you to precisely adjust its sensitivity limits according to the application's needs. Although this information is generally available in the datasheet, comprehending the range can assist in optimizing the sensor's usage for more accurate detection of vibrations or shocks. The sensor response will be sent to the microcontroller to produce a sound signal on the buzzer when there is vibration. The microcontroller will process the analog signal from the sensor into digital. The farther the range of the sensor, the better it is at detecting vibrations. In this test, a range test is carried out on the vibration source. The source of the vibrations comes from objects with a certain mass that is dropped. In this test, it was found that the SW-420 was able to detect with a maximum distance of 200 cm from the vibration source. Keywords: Detection, Distance, Microcontroller, Sensor, Vibration

Facial recognition has been a long-standing problem in computer vision. Recently, Histograms of Oriented Gradients (HOGs) have been shown to be effective descriptors for object recognition in general and face recognition in particular. In this study, HOGs are used as an algorithm to achieve facial recognition, which aims to recognize the faces of registered students when visiting the library without the need to fill in the attendance list in the visitor book and open the door and lock the door automatically.

Tujuan: mengetahui polimorfisme gen M SARS-CoV-2 pada isolat Sumatera Barat; Metode: penelitian dengan desain deskriptif eksploratori menggunakan sampel koleksi Laboratorium Pusat Diagnostik dan Riset Penyakit Infeksi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas Padang. Sampel dipreparasi untuk disekuensing lalu dianalisis menggunakan software CLC Genomics Workbench app; Hasil: ditemukan 8 mutasi substitusi pada gen M SARS-CoV-2, yaitu A26528T, C26735T, G26763T, A26867G, C26895T, G26951T, A27019G dan G27088T serta 1 mutasi delesi, yaitu del27055–27059 (ATTAC); Kesimpulan: mutasi C26735T merupakan mutasi synonymous yang paling banyak ditemukan pada isolat Sumatera Barat.

A sweetener from Nypa fruticans Wurmb offers significant health benefits. The traditional process of sap tapping requires careful attention to enhance cleanliness. In this research, a nypa sap harvesting device has been developed, and a time study for its installation has been conducted. The physicochemical properties of the sap gathered from the device were evaluated and compared with the traditional method in terms of total soluble solids(TSS) reading, pH level, total dissolved solid (TDS) and electrical conductivity (EC) value, and glucose content. Both methods showed no significant difference, with an average TSS reading of 14 to 15 °brix, pH of 3.57-3.97, glucose content of 25.9 to 32.4, TDS of 2340-2726 ppm, and EC reading of 4679-5472 µs/cm. Slight differences in physicochemical properties were observed due to the random selection of trees for the experiment. The use of the device was found to improve the physical cleanliness of the sap by 97% and chemical purity by 7% to 11%. The colour of the sap collected with the device was milky white compared to the traditional bamboo method, resulting in a yellowish-white sap. The time study showed a 40% improvement compared to the first trial, indicating the practicality of the device, which can be easily installed by the operator. The physicochemical properties of the sap collected using the device can be further improved with the addition of preservatives. The findings are expected to enhance sap harvesting hygiene and the quality of sap, directly affecting the quality and benefits of the derived products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study proposes a collaborative model involving teachers and children, to enhance the religious learning progress of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in educational settings. The primary objective is to design a mobile-based assistive technology application, MyQuranic, tailored to monitor and support the learning journey of these children. Method: Qualitative methods were employed to identify the needs and requirements in developing the MyQuranic application. Interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with UI designers, subject matter experts, and mobile app specialists. Thematic analysis was applied to interpret the data, resulting in the emergence of findings based on key themes. To ensure the active involvement of end-users, including individuals with autism, co-design principles were incorporated in the design process. This collaborative approach aimed to create a user-friendly, contextually relevant, and effective technology solution, emphasising the unique perspectives and needs of individuals with ASD. Results: The findings are expected to contribute valuable insights to the broader community, particularly researchers focused on autism-related studies. The design principles have potential for teachers to monitor the learning engagement and interest of children with autism in religious studies using the MyQuranic application Conclusion: This study underscores the significant role of assistive technology in the education of children with autism, specifically within the religious education context. By employing co-design principles, the MyQuranic application strives to enhance social interaction skills, address individual needs, and contribute to the overall advancement of educational support for individuals with ASD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]