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The primary aim of this research is to investigate the effects of Advertisement Presentation of Contents (APC) and Advertisement Visual Types (AVT) on the eWOM of Sharia hotels. A quantitative approach was utilized, analyzing 202 Instagram posts from five Indonesian Sharia hotels between June and November 2023. The methodology involved the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis using Smart PLS software. The results revealed that visual content types, such as photos, videos, and reels, significantly enhance consumer attraction, with a path coefficient of 0.372 and a p-value of 0.000, indicating a strong positive influence. In contrast, hashtags and links showed no significant effect, with a path coefficient of -0.838 and a p-value of 0.000. The R-squared adjusted value of 0.208 indicates that the independent variables explain 20% of the variance in the dependent variable. The AVT’s influence on eWOM is at a high level (f-squared = 0.042). These findings suggest that Sharia hotels should prioritize creating high-quality visual content to enhance their social media marketing strategies. The study concludes that effective visual content on Instagram can enhance eWOM and improve consumer perceptions of Sharia hotels, enabling them to compete with conventional hotels. These findings provide valuable insights for Sharia hotel marketers to optimize their social media strategies, emphasizing the importance of visual content over textual elements like hashtags and links.

Electrochromic (EC) thin films have received considerable attention due to their potential applications in various fields such as smart windows, electrochromic displays, and energy storage devices. This review highlights various methods used for the fabrication and functionalization of EC films for various applications. Various techniques for EC thin film deposition ranging from solution-processable, low-temperature approaches such as sol-gel, spin coating, dip coating, and spray pyrolysis, to advanced techniques for deposition such as physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, and sputtering are summarized in this review. In addition, various applications of EC thin films and the outcome of different deposition approaches on the opto-electrochromic properties of EC thin films have been discussed elaborately. This review has the potential to spark the interest of researchers from a broad range of disciplines, including photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, nanotechnology and materials science.

Abstract Septins are a family of cytokinesis-related proteins involved in regulating cytoskeletal design, cell morphology, and tissue morphogenesis. Apart from cytokinesis, as a fourth component of cytoskeleton, septins aid in forming scaffolds, vesicle sorting and membrane stability. They are also known to be involved in the regulation of intracellular calcium (Ca2+) via the STIM/Orai complex. Infertility affects ~ 15% of couples globally, while male infertility affects ~ 7% of men. Global pregnancy and live birth rates following fertility treatment remain relatively low, while there has been an observable decline in male fertility parameters over the past 60 years. Low fertility treatment success can be attributed to poor embryonic development, poor sperm parameters and fertilisation defects. While studies from the past few years have provided evidence for the role of septins in fertility related processes, the functional role of septins and its related complexes in cellular processes such as oocyte activation, fertilization, and sperm maturation are not completely understood. This review summarizes the available knowledge on the role of septins in spermatogenesis and oocyte activation via Ca2+ regulation, and cytoskeletal dynamics throughout pre-implantation embryonic development. We aim to identify the currently less known mechanisms by which septins regulate these immensely important mechanisms with a view of identifying areas of investigation that would benefit our understanding of cell and reproductive biology, but also provide potential avenues to improve current methods of fertility treatment.

The quality of acidic soil is determined by organic C content produced from rice straw biochar in agriculture. In this context, liquid extract from Kappapychus alvarezii (K-sap) is used as a biochar enrichment agent. Therefore, this research aimed to (i) analyze the character of K-sap enriched rice straw biochar with different volumes, as well as (ii) evaluate the impact on soil water holding capacity, size class distribution, aggregate stability index, respiration rate, and acidic soil chemical characters. The treatment tested was the volume of K-sap kg-1 biochar, namely (i) without biochar, (ii) 0 mL, (iii) 500 mL, (iv) 1,000 mL, and (v) 1,500 mL. Each treatment was repeated three times and placed according to a randomized block design procedure. The area covered by K-sap, pore size, and amorphous degree increased while the pore volume of the biochar surface decreased. The addition of 1,000 mL of K-sap kg-1 biochar released a new peak number associated with the aliphatic and aromatic groups. The K-sap enriched biochar increased the proportion of soil aggregate size of 1-2 mm, water holding capacity, carbon storage, pH, total N, available P and K, exchangeable base cations as well as base saturation. Meanwhile, the concentration of Al3+ and H+ were decreased in the acidic soil solution. The results showed that the performance of rice straw biochar, K-sap volumes, soil chemical quality, water holding capacity, and ability to store carbon of the acidic soil was improved by adding K-sap volume.

With quality education, the quality of a nation will be reflected. To produce superior human resources, lecturers as educators have a responsibility to improve human resources by providing quality education. In achieving the vision and mission of higher education, it is necessary to support the organizational commitment of lecturers. The purpose of the study analyze efforts to increase organizational commitment through visionary leadership, learning organizations, and competencies. The method used in this study is quantitative, using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis tool. The population of permanent lecturers of the Foundation amounted to 3322 people, and the sample amounted to 357 respondents. Sample determination using stratified cluster random sampling. The results of this study explain that visionary leadership, learning organizations, and competencies partially affect organizational commitment. In addition, the results of the hypothesis test simultaneously show visionary leadership, learning organizations and competencies together affect organizational commitment. To increase organizational commitment, Private Universities in the Banten Province area need continuous improvement, including increasing the effectiveness of Visionary leadership, the existence of institutions to continue to learn and adapt as ideal Learning Organizations, and increasing their Competencies its lecturers, as an effort to build and increase the organizational commitment of the Dosen.

This article analyses the self-perception of digital technology learning competence among engineering and science students. The use of information and communication technologies (ICT) is now considered highly essential in higher education. Today's higher education institutions (HEIs) seldom employ traditional methods of instruction; instead, sophisticated ICT is starting to emerge as a feasible paradigm for fundamental change. To this end, Pakistan's Higher Education Commission (HEC) has heavily invested in technology in the education sector and initiated several programs. The ramifications of ICT utilization on the environment, student academic performance, and capabilities remain ambiguous. In delving into how students embrace and utilize ICT systems for learning in HEIs, researchers felt the need to grasp the factors that influence students' acceptance and utilization of ICT skills through the lens of the Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). This study develops an exclusive conceptual model by incorporating TAM with a set of latent variables identified in the available literature: interest, ICT self-efficacy, economic cost, and performance expectancy. The adapted TAM model developed in this study considers the influence of these variables on students’ ICT acceptance and its impact on academic performance in emerging countries. As part of this study, reports on the development of instruments and validation in the research field were managed using a cross-sectional survey method and SPSS-22 and Smart PLS-4 software. In addition, association rule mining applied in demographic data. A sample of 69 students was randomly selected from three universities representing engineering, medical, and general HEIs in the Sindh province. Though the sample size was small, it showcases that the reliability of the scales is within an acceptable range and can be used to test the main study hypotheses. A conceptual framework model is introduced to offer a comprehensive framework derived from the amalgamation of various acceptance and usage models of technology. The results demonstrate that the survey items are appropriate and suitable for further research.

This research aimed to evaluate the performance of dyes extracted from Acacia Nilotica bark on Tencel fabric dyeing. The extraction of dye was optimized by extracting dyes with different liquor ratios. The dyeing parameters were optimized under pH values from 5 to 14. The effect of different mordants was also observed to see the shades this dye can produce on Tencel fabric. The optimum dye extraction conditions for material-to-liquor ratio were found to be 1:10. The optimum pH was found to be 12. The color yield and fastness characteristics of the dyed materials were measured to assess them. It was determined that the addition of mordants affected the color values; as a result, distinct fashion hues were produced from the same dye extract by employing various mordants. This basic study of dyeing and extracting natural dye showed that this dye has the potential to be used for cellulosic fibers.

Handling public complaints is important in public services in Indonesia, including in the field of law enforcement by the Indonesian National Police (Polri). National Police investigators have a crucial role in conducting investigations and investigations into criminal acts involving juveniles, children, and women. However, there are challenges in ensuring the effectiveness of complaint handling to increase public trust. This study aims to investigate the practice of handling complaints by investigators of the Sub-Directorate of the Ditreskrimum of the South Sumatra Regional Police, especially related to cases involving vulnerable groups. The research method used is qualitative with in-depth interviews with investigators and related parties. The results highlight supporting and inhibiting factors in handling complaints and formulate a complaint-handling model that can be applied by investigators to increase public trust. Thus, applying this model is expected to build a fair, responsive environment, and increase public confidence in law enforcement agencies in handling cases involving vulnerable groups.

Digital transformation has become the main basis for government agencies to increase the effectiveness of supervision and resource management, including in the context of public security. The Regional Police of South Sumatra, Indonesia, adopted e-government innovations in an effort to increase supervision of the use of organic firearms. This research aims to analyze the implementation of e-government in digital transformation in the regional police force, with a focus on the effectiveness of organic firearms control. The research methods used are documentation analysis, interviews and surveys among police personnel. The research results show that the implementation of e-government has made a significant contribution to increasing the effectiveness of monitoring the use of organic firearms. E-government systems enable more efficient data collection and analysis, enabling more timely and accurate decision-making. In addition, the implementation of e-government also results in greater transparency in the management of organic firearms, strengthening accountability and reducing the risk of misuse. However, challenges faced include the need for adequate technological infrastructure, sufficient training for personnel, and adequate data protection. This research provides valuable insight into how digital transformation, through the implementation of e-government, can increase the effectiveness of organic firearms monitoring and management in the Regional Police of South Sumatra, Indonesia. The implications of these findings can provide a basis for updating related policies and practices at national and local levels, as well as contribute to the literature on digital transformation in the context of public security.

This reserach aims to find out the anomalous phenomenon in the election of village heads in Kamal village, West Pemulutan District, Ogan Ilir Regency. The problem focuses on anomalies in the election of village heads in Kamal village, West Pemulutan District, Ogan Ilir Regency. In order to approach this problem, social action theory by Max Weber is used as a reference because this theory is able to analyze actions such as what are the driving factors for anomalies in village head elections. Data was collected through documentation and interviews and analyzed qualitatively. This study concludes that the anomaly in the election of village heads in Kamal village, West Pemulutan District, Ogan Ilir Regency, is due to several social actions. The first is instrumental rational action, in the form of strategies used by each candidate for village head, such as conducting outreach to the community and putting up banners. Second, value-oriented rational actions, such as creating a vision and mission. Third, traditional actions in the form of identity politics. Fourth, namely affective actions, such as issues that develop in village community

Researchers about the world's Muslims have presented a collection of scientific works on halal tourism in many countries. The positive impact of tourism can be seen in terms of social, cultural, environmental, and economic. This article aims to see the trends and impact of the development of research on halal tourism around the world. To approach this problem, bibliometric analysis is used as a method that can map research specialization, and the meta-synthesis method as a technique for integrating data to obtain broader results. This study concludes that there are 25 top countries identified in publications related to halal tourism. The impact of halal tourism is positive on the economic sector, so the results of the literature explain that halal tourism brings foreign exchange, especially in the tourism sector.

This research aims to find out how the administrative process of official travel at the Secretariat of the Regional House of Representatives of South Sumatra Province. The problem is focused on the administrative process of implementing official travel. To approach this problem, a reference to Max Ammerman's 1998 Root Causal Analysis theory is used. Data were collected through observation and in-depth interviews and analyzed qualitatively. This study concludes that official travel can be carried out by council members as well as civil servants and non-civil servants, and the administrative process of official travel consists of three administrative processes, namely the administrative process of implementing official travel by civil servants and implementation by council members, the administrative process of accountability and the administrative process of payment or disbursement of reimbursement by the treasurer of routine expenses to the executors of official travel. This study concludes that there is one official travel administration process that is considered less effective, namely the accountability administration process, this happens because there are several official travel executors who take a long time to deposit the cost details to the finance department, or this delay is considered not to have implemented South Sumatra Governor Regulation Number 5 of 2021 concerning Guidelines for the Implementation of Official Travel within the South Sumatra Provincial Government chapter ix article 34.

This study was attempted to reveal the changes in three hematological parameters such as blood hemoglobin, number of white blood cells (WBCs) and number of red blood cells (RBCs) and one biochemical (e.g., glucose) parameter along with the changes in histomorphological structures of gills and kidney of Nile tilapia fry reared in saline water. Two experimental set up were used for two different age groups- 5 days-after-hatch (5DAH) and 15 days-after-hatch (15DAH) - to test a novel hypothesis: if a little difference in the age during the first exposure to saline water could produce any variation in the results. They were placed into 6 plastic drums having six different salinity levels: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25. After 60 days, at least 5 individuals were taken out from each drum to observe the above-hematological and histomorphological parameters. A two-way-ANOVA revealed that, except for hemoglobin, all the observed parameters have been affected the effect of age × salinity interaction (P

ABSTRACTAmong various metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), the zeolitic imidazole framework (ZIF), constructed by the regular arrangement of 2-methylimidazole and metal ions, has garnered significant attention due to its distinctive crystals and pore structures. Variations in the sizes and shapes of ZIF crystals have been reported by changing the synthesis parameters, such as the molar ratios of organic ligands to metal ions, choice of solvents, and temperatures. Nonetheless, the giant ZIF-8 single crystals beyond the typical range have rarely been reported. Herein, we present the synthesis of millimeter-scale single crystal ZIF-8 using the solvothermal method in N,N-diethylformamide. The resulting 1-mm single crystal is carefully characterized through N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, scanning electron microscopy, and other analytical techniques. Additionally, single-crystal X-ray diffraction is employed to comprehensively investigate the framework’s mobility at various temperatures.

Objective: This study aims to assess the efficacy of Ultrasonographic Guided Tunneled Hemodialysis Catheters in patients with ESRD. The primary objectives include assessing catheter placement success, blood flow adequacy, and the prevention of catheter related blood stream infections. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Nephrology, Central Park Medical College and Hospital Lahore, Pakistan from December 2022 to May 2023. Methods: In this study, enrolled 40 end stage renal disease patients aged 20 to 60 years. Tunneled Hemodialysis Catheters (THCs) were inserted under ultrasonographic guidance, predominantly in the right internal jugular vein. Demographic and clinical data were recorded, and blood flow was assessed for dialysis adequacy. The study followed STROBE guidelines and obtained ethical clearance. Results: Of the 40 patients, 50% were male, 85% had hypertension, and 87.5% had diabetes. Ultrasonography guided Tunneled Hemodialysis Catheters were predominantly placed in the right internal jugular vein (55%) with overall success rate of 100 percent. Mean blood flow was 317 ml/minute, and patients had a history of 4.29 ± 1.18 previous catheters. No CRBSIs were reported within the study period. Conclusion: Ultrasonographic guided Tunneled Hemodialysis Catheters demonstrated effective placement, adequate blood flow, and a notable absence of catheter related blood stream infections. The study contributes valuable insights into the role of Tunneled Hemodialysis Catheters in ESRD care, emphasizing their significance as an interim solution while awaiting arteriovenous fistula maturation. How to cite this: Sikandar MZ, Javed M, Waheed MA, Khan AA, Amjad H, Moeen SMH. Navigating Vascular Access Challenges in End-Stage Renal Disease: A Comprehensive Study of Ultrasonographic Guided Tunneled Hemodialysis Catheters. Life and Science. 2024; 5(4): 477-481. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.541

This study aims to discover the motives behind several Muslim youths in Indonesia who consume 0% alcohol drinks from popular alcohol brands even though the drink is not halal certified. This phenomenological research describes a factual reality based on the informant's experience as a consumer of 0% alcohol drink. Data sources were obtained through direct and indirect interviews with 15 informants, namely Muslim youth who consume 0% alcohol with an age range of 15-25 years. The results of this study indicate that there are internal and external motives behind Muslim youths consuming 0% alcohol. Internal motives from within Muslim adolescents include curiosity and the desire to try as an alternative to drinking, as well as to relieve stress and to refresh themselves. Meanwhile, external motives or influences from outside the Muslim youth include invitations from peers and environmental influences. This research also identified that some perpetrators who drink 0% of alcoholic drinks made by popular alcohol brands have low awareness of the halal label. This study contributes to global research by revealing how Muslim youth in Indonesia, driven by curiosity and peer influence, consume 0% alcohol drinks despite the lack of halal certification. This study suggests increasing halal awareness among Muslim adolescents through education and encouraging the Indonesian Ulema Council to emphasize the importance of halal certification, particularly for 0% alcohol drinks, to guide informed consumer choices.

The Global Value Chain (GVC) is an essential aspect of sustainable economic growth and environmental quality in countries that participate in it. Therefore, comprehending the relationship between GVC and economic growth and carbon emissions is critical to achieving global climate neutrality targets. However, there is a paucity of knowledge regarding the impacts of disaggregated levels of GVC on economic growth and carbon emissions in countries with different income levels. In this study, we utilized the SYS-GMM model to explore the relationships between backward and forward GVCs and the economic growth and carbon emissions of 42 lower-middle, 36 middle-upper, and 48 high-income countries using data from 1995 to 2018. Our key findings suggest that forward GVC significantly increases economic growth and reduces CO2 emissions. Conversely, backward GVC reduces the economic growth and CO2 emissions of high-income countries. We also found that upper-middle-income economies can enhance their economic growth and reduce CO2 emissions by increasing their backward GVC. In contrast, lower-middle-income economies can increase their economic growth by participating in both forward and backward GVCs. However, higher levels of participation in both GVC components result in increased CO2 emissions. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering income levels when analysing the impact of GVC participation on economic growth and environmental sustainability. Overall, the relationship between economic growth and CO2 emissions with backward and forward GVCs varies significantly across country categories.

Many nations are creating E-courts to simplify court operations. However, religious e-Courts take more work to execute. This study has identified religious court e-Court implementation issues and solutions using Delphi and ANP. It first employed Delphi and a literature review to interview experts face-to-face. Eight judges, I.T. workers, and attorneys from three religious court districts analysed the model using a priority scale with an Analytic Network Process (ANP). The study found that infrastructure or equipment from the application of the e-Court system is the main issue, with a geometric mean of 0.306, followed by Human Resources (0.262), the system (0.219), and regulation (0.213). Improving e-Court system regulation (0.850) and infrastructure were the primary solutions (0.770). This paper details cluster priority solutions and issues. This study suggests that the highest religious court authority focuses on infrastructure, human resources, e-Court operational systems, and associated legislations. The government must adopt the e-Court system and registration laws to encourage more active socialising. The study prioritises e-Court implementation issues in the religious courts of Indonesia.

The current study set out to assess and create long-term solutions for improving environmental performance concerning water use, wastewater production, and treatment at Syntan plant (glass-lined vessel unit) and application laboratory (small-scale leather retanning. Based on evaluations and analyses, best available techniques including water gauging, pressurized vessel washing, dedication of vessels to similar production, reuse techniques, developing commercial grade intermediate products from wash water, managing cooling water and developing reuse methods of reverse osmosis reject water were applied to reduce water consumption and effluent generation in process and non-process activities. Furthermore, the reduced effluent was subjected to treat using electrochemical processes, i.e., electrocoagulation and electro-Fenton, before it was drained to outside environment. As a result of the applications, 0%–100% change was measured in various process and non-process activities, whereas, 12.8%–100% reduction was measured in effluent. Soft cooling water consumption was reduced by 46.7%. The results of treated effluent parameters were compared and found the final removal efficiencies of total dissolved solids (51.4%), total suspended solids (99.2%), chemical oxygen demand (98.5%) and electric conductivity (67.7%). It is concluded that this study can be considered as a successful model to increased water efficiency in chemical industries, Furthermore, it could serve as a building block for the incorporation of cleaner and sustainable production approach into national agenda and to overcome stern issues of high-water and energy consumption and effluent management in different industries.

Introduction Cancer patients’ quality of life (QoL) significantly influences treatment response and mortality rates. Understanding QoL domains among patients with cancer and what affects it can help create interventions that improve QoL and ease patients’ experience. This study measures the OoL among patients with cancer and influencing factors. Methods A prospective cross-sectional questionnaire-based study included cancer patients aged >18 currently receiving treatment. The questionnaire collected social and economic data, followed by the validated Arabic version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-C30). Means and standard deviations for described numeric variables and frequencies and percentages described categorical variables. Analysis of variance, F-tests, and P -values were reported. Results Among 182 cancer patients, 60% were female. Younger patients exhibited higher QoL in physical and role functioning ( P = .016 and .03) and experienced more significant financial impact ( P = .0144). Females reported more adverse effects from cancer symptoms, including fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and pain (36.7% vs 25.5%, P = .005; 20.6% vs 11.5%, P = .0186; 34.7% vs 25.1%, P = .0281). Single patients had superior QoL in physical functioning compared to others ( P = .0127). Patients traveling long distances were more likely to face adverse financial consequences ( P = .007). Asthmatic patients exhibited lower QoL in physical, role, and cognitive functioning (72.3 vs 37.8, P = .0147; 76.4 vs 22.2, P = .0024; 84.7 vs 44.4, P = .0038) and reported increased dyspnea and appetite loss (16 vs 55.6 and 26.1 vs 66.7, both P < .05). Conclusion Factors influencing QoL in Saudi cancer patients include age, marital status, gender, hospital distance, and chronic conditions. Thus emphasizing the necessity for personalized care strategies to enhance outcomes and alleviate the overall burden of cancer care.

The swimming pool is a part of tourism, entertainment, and sports activities. The development of halal tourism demands swimming pool facilities that can better meet Sharia principles that benefit Muslim consumers. This study aims to reveal Sharia swimming pool management practices and explore why its customers choose Sharia swimming pools over conventional swimming pools. This research was conducted to reveal the halal lifestyle that has penetrated halal tourism, including swimming pools based on Sharia principles. This study uses a phenomenological approach to reveal the phenomenon of swimming pool practices and factors that affect its customers. This study interviewed 15 people with characteristics of high-intensity Sharia swimming pool use. It revealed that Islamic pool management practices include rules for members to enter, swimwear, facilities, and services provided. This study explores the factors influencing Islamic pool consumers by grouping them internally and externally. Internal factors impacting Sharia swimming pool users include comfort, halal lifestyle, and health. At the same time, the support of facilities, encouragement from others, and unpleasant experiences in public or traditional swimming pools are part of external factors. This study is expected to become a reference for Sharia swimming pool management practices and evidence of the findings of factors that encourage consumers to choose Sharia swimming pools.

Abstract The Pareto distribution is of paramount importance in actuarial science, wealth distribution, finance, etc. This paper introduces a control chart inspired by Shewhart's methodology, designed for monitoring shifts in the Pareto distribution through a repetitive sampling approach. The chart employs a modified statistic that combines shape and threshold parameters as its plotting statistic. Coefficients for the Shewhart-type Pareto chart are computed for two-phase limits. The performance of the suggested chart is assessed in terms of run length characteristics, assuming a shift in the process mean. Additionally, we conduct an efficiency comparison with existing control charts. The findings suggest that, on average, the proposed Pareto chart demonstrates greater efficiency in promptly detecting changes compared to alternative methods. To illustrate the practical application of our approach, we present an example using revenue data.

Land fires in South Sumatra are an annual problem during the long dry season. It was recorded that in 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018, the land fires spread massively in the four districts of South Sumatra. The peatlands located within oil palm plantations in the Districts of Ogan Komering Ilir, Banyuasin, Musi Banyuasin, and the district of Ogan Ilir were the source of the fire. The haze not only attracts national but also international attention. Besides human contribution to land fire, climate change should also be considered. The role of El Nino makes the season uncertain. Land fires affect human health and other human activities in the affected areas. Three legal instruments guarantee and protect the people's right to the environment, i.e., The 1945 Indonesian Constitution, the 2009 Law No. 32 on the Environment, and the 1999 Law No. 39 on Human Rights. The problem raised herein is to what extent people can claim the right to a clean environment as human rights guaranteed and protected in those legal instruments. The results of the discussion show that those three legal instruments do not protect people whose human rights have been violated. This is because 2000 Law No. 26 on Human Rights has no jurisdiction over environmental matters. It is suggested that establishing a special Environmental Court is the solution to protect community environmental human rights cases.

Sentimental Analysis is considered a computational strategy that helps in identifying and assessing the emotions of people via text documents. Tools and different methods have been adopted for determining both positive and negative emotions in the form of text data analytics by using Machine and Deep Learning techniques. Experimentally, it has been shown that the accuracy of existing text classification models such as Bi-LSTM, Decision Tree, and Ensemble Classifiers is limited by poor quality data, inappropriate hyperparameter tuning, and model-specific bias levels. Additionally, these models are prone to overfitting, high computational overhead, and longer training time. To overcome these limitations, we proposed a hybrid binary classification framework by combining Deep sequential features with the Random Forest (RF) technique. The approach is implemented in four phases: Initially, data preprocessing is performed by employing a Vader sentiment package. In the second step, the deep Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) model was employed to extract deep sequential features corresponding to sad and happy emotions. In the third phase, a bi-orthogonalization algorithm with principal component Analysis (PCA) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) was employed to minimize the redundancy and maximize the relevance of extracted features. Finally, a five-fold cross-validation technique was implemented to discriminate sad and happy emotions using the Random Forest (RF) algorithm. Eventually, a grid search approach was implemented for hyperparameter tuning and results were compared with five baseline algorithms (Vanilla LSTM (VLSTM), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), Naïve Bayes (NB), Ada Boost Algorithm (ABA). The experimental outcomes revealed that the proposed model achieved an accuracy rate of 99.631% on the 4000 stories dataset which was superior to all five state-of-the-art methods with a margin of 4.63%, 10.7%, 19.44%, 21%, and 56.5%, respectively. Interestingly, the proposed model realized improved results in terms of other conventional performance metrics also such as precision, recall, specificity, and time complexity. Overall, the proposed model has great potential in educational institutions, child psychology research, and child-friendly content moderation, generally helping in the understanding of the emotions and experiences of children in the digital realm.

Additive Manufacturing (AM) has been a noticeable technology and made significant progress since the late 1980s. Despite the tremendous growth, this technology is still facing numerous manufacturing challenges. AM of structures and smart materials such as shape memory polymers and alloys is one of the most actively researched areas in which printed objects can alter their properties and shape when exposed to a stimulus e.g., light, temperature, magnetic fields, pH, and humidity. The AM-build parts which can take advantage of these shape-changing features, lead to the growth of 4D printing by introducing time as a fourth dimension in AM processes. This new field originated in 2013, and since then, it has generated great interest due to its potential to build innovative, multi-functional, self-assembling, and self-repairing components with modifiable properties, shapes, and functionalities. This review article intends to examine the major developments of 4D printing in the biomedical field. The study will provide an overview of various 4D printing technologies including vat photo-polymerization, extrusion-based methods, and material jetting and their uses in the biomedical field. It focuses on smart materials like SMPs, LCEs, SMPAs, etc., and their applications in various industries e.g., mechanical, biomedical, aerospace, etc., and explores external stimuli such as moisture, temperature, pH, magnetic fields, and light. The article delves into the promising applications of 4D printing in biomedical fields such as drug delivery, orthopedics, medical devices, tissue engineering, and dentistry and analyzes the challenges associated with 4D printing in the biomedical field, and suggests the future directions including optimization of printing parameters, and exploration of novel materials to broaden its applications.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan anatara religiusitas dengan forgiveness pada mahasiswa fakultas psikologi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Deskriptif Kuantitatif.Metode pengumpulan data yg digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah skala likert yaitu skala yang digunakan untuk mengukur sikap,pendapat,dan persepsi seseorang atau sekelompok orang tentang fenomena sosial.Dengan skala likert,maka variabel yang akan diukur dijabarkan menjadi indikator variabel.Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 55 Responden mahasisawa fakultas psikologi kelas reguler A.Teknik pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik simple random sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik analisis data uji kolerasi person product moment. metode deskriptif. Dari hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa masih terdapat 66,4% dari faktor lain dari forgiveness yang dijelaskan dalam penelitian dan tidak terlihat penelitian ini. Bahwa mahasiswa memliki religiusitas yang tergolong religiusitas berada di kategori rendah dengan mean emperik = 10,61 mean hipotetik = 65 dimana selisi kedua mean melebihi bilangan SD = 10,61 dan forgiveness pada tergolong rendah mean empirik 9,98 mean hipotetik = 55 dimana selisih kedua mean melebihi bilangan 9,98 . Berdasarkan hasil ini, maka hipotesis yang telah diajukan dalam penelitian ini dinyatakan diterima.

Groundwater exploitation that exceeds its recharge capacity can have a negative impact on the hydrogeological environment. Optimal exploitation means maximising pumping discharge with the least reduction in the hydraulic head. In groundwater exploitation, the position of wells, number of wells, and the discharge of groundwater pumping greatly determine changes in hydraulic head and groundwater flow patterns in a given hydrological area. This article proposes an optimisation model which is expected to be useful for finding the optimal pumping discharge value from production wells in a hydrological area. This model is a combination of solving the Laplace equation for two-dimensional groundwater flow in unconfined aquifers and the optimum variable search method based on the Shuffled Complex Evolution (SCE- UA) algorithm. Laplace equation uses the finite difference method for the central difference rule of the Crank Nicolson scheme. The system of equations has been solved using the M-FILE code from MATLAB. This article is a preliminary study which aims to examine the stability level of the optimisation equation system. Testing using a hypothetical data set shows that the model can work effectively, accurately, and consistently in solving the case of maximising pumping discharge from production wells in a hydrological area with a certain hydraulic head limitation. Consequently, the system of equations can also be applied to the case of confined aquifers.

This study aims to analyze the requirements for blended learning based PBL learning materials to enhance students' critical thinking skills when solving physics learning challenges, particularly those about rotational dynamics and equilibrium. This research was survey research as a first step in developing blended learning media based on PBL. The subjects used in this study were junior high school students with a total sample of 105 students and five physics teachers in Pekanbaru and Kampar Regency. The research instrument used in this research was a closed questionnaire developed based on indicators of critical thinking skills and the distribution of critical thinking ability tests. The questionnaire response scores were analyzed using a quantitative descriptive analysis method. The research results showed that learning media was needed to support online and offline learning. The learning media must contain learning materials, videos, and student activities to increase learning effectiveness and train students' critical thinking skills. Therefore, it is necessary to develop PBL-based blended learning media to improve the critical thinking skills of students and teachers.

Maculopapular drug eruption (MDE) is the most typical type of hypersensitivity reaction. Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may develop some complications, including wasting syndrome, contributing to immune system dysregulation. The late stage of HIV infection increases the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), in which the administration of anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATD) often induces drug eruptions. A 41-year-old man complained of itchy skin rash on his hands, body, and feet. The rash appeared after a streptomycin injection on the 9th day, accompanied by complaints of fever, weakness, dizziness, and chronic cough followed by fever at night. The patient was treated and diagnosed with a new case of pulmonary TB; and he also received first-line ATD. The streptomycin injection was given because systemic manifestation still appeared. The researchers diagnosed the patient with HIV infection with wasting syndrome. He was hospitalized and given methylprednisolone injection, paracetamol infusion, omeprazole injection, oral cetirizine, and moisturizer. After that, clinical improvement occurred, and he was discharged on the fourth day. Patients with HIV infection often develop MDE. Clinical manifestations of maculopapular drug eruption are generally mild without systemic complaints; however, in certain conditions, such as HIV infection with wasting syndrome, more severe systemic symptoms can appear due to excess secretion of several proinflammatory cytokines. Several studies have also reported an increased incidence of maculopapular drug eruption caused by first-line anti-HIV drugs, especially in patients with HIV infection.

Abu Zayd al-Balkhi merupakan seorang polymath muslim yang turut berkontribusi dalam perkembangan keilmuan psikologi, salah satunya pandangannya terhadap depresi dan kecemasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami pandangan al-Balkhi tentang depresi dan kecemasan dalam konteks Islam pada zamannya, serta berupaya memberikan kontribusi dalam pemikiran tentang kesehatan mental yang sesuai dengan nilai-nilai Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian literatur untuk menganalisis karya utamanya, “Masalih al-Abdan wa al-Anfus”, dan menyelidiki pandangan al-Balkhi tentang depresi dan kecemasan. Peneliti juga melakukan klasifikasi jenis depresi dan pemahaman mengenai kecemasan yang diusulkan oleh al-Balkhi. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa al-Balkhi adalah salah satu perintis pertama dalam pemahaman gangguan kejiwaan, dengan mengklasifikasikan gejala-gejala kejiwaan dalam kerangka yang lebih modern. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga mengungkapkan pandangannya tentang hubungan antara kesehatan fisik dan mental, serta betapa pentingnya menjaga keseimbangan antara keduanya.

Seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness is low. Carbohydrate fatty acid monosulphate ester (CMS), a new oil-in-water adjuvant, has proven potency in animal models with suggested capacity for dose-sparing. The objective was to evaluate safety and immunogenicity of CMS when added to a low-dose influenza vaccine (QIV) in humans. In a randomised, double-blind, active-controlled, first-in-human study, sixty participants (18–50 years) received either 0.5 mg CMS or 2 mg CMS with 1/5th dose QIV, or a full dose QIV without CMS. Adverse events (AE) were monitored until 7 days post-vaccination. Haemagglutinin inhibition (HI) titres in serum and CD4+ T cells in PBMCs were determined at day 0, 7, 28, and 180. Mean age was 37.6 (±10.1) years and 42/60 (70.0%) were female. Pain at injection site (42/60, 86.7%) and headache (34/60, 56.7%) were reported most and more frequently in the 2 mg CMS group. HI titres and the frequency of influenza specific CD4+ T cells were equal across strains for the three cohorts on all visits, increased until day 28 and decreased at day 180 to values higher than baseline. CMS was safe in humans. Humoral and cell-mediated immunogenicity was similar across vaccines, even with 1/5th antigen dose. CMS can have beneficial implications in low-resource settings or in a pandemic context.

This editorial concerns the Special Issue of Axioms entitled “Advances in Difference Equations” [...]

Biologically inspired intelligent methods have been applied to various sensing systems in order to extract features from a huge size of raw sensing data. For example, point cloud data can be applied to human activity recognition, multi-person tracking, and suspicious person detection, but a single RGB-D camera is not enough to perform the above tasks. Therefore, this study propose a 3D environmental map-building method integrating point cloud data measured via multiple RGB-D cameras. First, a fast multi-scale of distributed batch-learning growing neural gas (Fast MS-DBL-GNG) is proposed as a topological feature extraction method in order to reduce computational costs because a single RGB-D camera may output 1 million data. Next, random sample consensus (RANSAC) is applied to integrate two sets of point cloud data using topological features. In order to show the effectiveness of the proposed method, Fast MS-DBL-GNG is applied to perform topological mapping from several point cloud data sets measured in different directions with some overlapping areas included in two images. The experimental results show that the proposed method can extract topological features enough to integrate point cloud data sets, and it runs 14 times faster than the previous GNG method with a 23% reduction in the quantization error. Finally, this paper discuss the advantage and disadvantage of the proposed method through numerical comparison with other methods, and explain future works to improve the proposed method.

Context: Breast cancer remains a major health burden worldwide, necessitating improved screening modalities for early detection. However, existing techniques such as mammography and MRI exhibit limitations regarding sensitivity and specificity. Microwave imaging has recently emerged as a promising technology for breast cancer diagnosis, exploiting the dielectric contrast between normal and malignant tissues. Objectives: This study proposes a novel computational framework integrating thresholding, edge segmentation, and logistic regression to enhance microwave image-based breast tumor delineation. Methodology: The employed algorithm selects optimal features using logistic regression to mitigate the class imbalance between tumor and healthy tissues. Localized density thresholds are applied to identify tumor regions, followed by edge segmentation methods to precisely localize the detected lesions. Results: When evaluated on a dataset of microwave breast images, our approach demonstrated high accuracy for detecting and segmenting malignant tissues. Density thresholds ranging from 0.1 to 0.8 showcase the highest accuracy in detecting breast tumors from these images. Conclusions: The results highlight the potential of the proposed segmentation algorithm to improve the reliability of microwave imaging as an adjunct modality for breast cancer screening. This could promote earlier diagnosis and better clinical outcomes. The proposed framework represents a significant advance in developing robust image processing techniques tailored to emerging medical imaging modalities challenged by class imbalance and low intrinsic contrast.

Kaptai Lake, the largest artificial reservoir in Southeast Asia, is home to a diverse fish fauna that supports thousands of livelihoods and is distinguished by multi-species and multi-gear fisheries. In Kaptai Lake, the gear-based catch composition, catch rate and distribution pattern are little known. From August 2020 to April 2021, a nine-month study was conducted in five upazilas using direct catch assessment surveys and fishing effort surveys from four fishing gears, namely seine nets, gill nets, lift nets, and push nets. A total of 49 morpho-species from 22 families were found, with three species from the Clupeidae accounting for 93.63 % of the catch in all gear combined. The total catch composition and CPUE were higher in seine nets (75.07 %, 13.86 ± 1.8 kg/gear/trip respectively) and lower in lift nets (4.97 %, 1.01 ± 0.21 kg/gear/trip) and showed significant differences among gears, except sampling sites whereas CPUE was higher in Naniarchar for seine nets (17.29 ± 8.89 kg/gear/trip) and lower in Langadu for lift nets (0.62 ± 0.25 kg/gear/trip). Seine nets captured more species, and the number of species increased significantly as CPUE increased. Our study assessed four gears that targeted different fish species with little overlap in leading species; seine nets and gill nets primarily targeted Clupeidae (96.53 % and 41.69 %, respectively), whereas lift nets and push nets primarily targeted Cyprinidae and Palaemonidae (38.93 % and 99.37 % respectively). The observed abundance and variety of fish species captured in gill nets suggest a significant overlap in the selectivity of this fishing method with that of lift nets. Due to the varying contributions of sites and gears, the nMDS ordination pattern reveals a weak spatial variation in catch composition. According to the SIMPER results, Bagridae, Gobiidae, and Ambassidae were the most significant contributors to site grouping patterns across all gears. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the catch composition does not follow the typical pattern of spatial variation. By implementing measures to eliminate or decrease the usage of small mesh nets, there is expected to be a corresponding decrease in the capture of small fish. Additionally, this action will help mitigate the issue of overlapping selectivity among the current fishing gears. Our findings provide baseline data on the potential efficacy of gear limitation and suggest a gear-based management strategy.

Pembangkit listrik tenaga surya (PLTS) merupakan salah satu pembangkit energi listrik terbarukan yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan PLTS sebagai sumber energi listrik dan sekaligus mendapatkan analisis kelayakan teknis dan ekonomi PLTS atap on grid di Hotel Rayz Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang (UMM). Analisa kelayakan PLTS ini memanfaatkan atas atap seluas 267,2 m2. Kapasitas instalasi maksimal yang direkomendasikan sebesar 37,4 kWp. Energi yang dihasilkan sistem PLTS pada kelistrikan Hotel Rayz-UMM dalam setahun sebesar 55.341 kWh. Nilai kelayakan teknis ditinjau dari efektifitas pembangkit (ACEGE) memperoleh sebesar 10,8%, sedangkan nilai performance ratio (PR) dihasilkan sebesar 60,1%. Hasil analisis ekonomi menunjukkan bahwa nilai net present value (NPV) negative sebesar -Rp. 149.199.260,7, nilai benefit cost ratio (BCR) sebesar 1,8 dan nilai payback period (PP) sebesar 13,65. Dari hasil analisa teknik dan ekonomi tersebut, PLTS atap di Hotel Rayz-UMM belum layak dibangun.

BackgroundThere is a gap in the existing literature concerning the connection between nomophobia and diminished academic performance, potentially influenced by anxiety and depression. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between undergraduate students’ nomophobia and learning outcomes, and whether depression and/or anxiety mediate this potential link.MethodsA quantitative cross-sectional survey design was employed. Nomophobia, anxiety, and depression were measured in 307 undergraduate students using validated self-report questionnaires. Learning performance was assessed based on participants’ grade point averages. Correlation analysis and mediation analysis were conducted to test the hypotheses.ResultsThe Pearson correlation analysis and multiple parallel mediation modeling suggest that anxiety plays a significant role as a causal pathway through which nomophobic behavior leads to lower grades among university students compared to their less anxious peers. Depression had no significant mediation effect.ConclusionThe findings support the notion that nomophobia is linked to poor academic achievement. The detrimental impact of nomophobia on learning performance appears to be more closely tied to anxiety rather than depression. This research contributes to the understanding of the complex interplay between technology use, psychological well-being, and educational outcomes in the higher education context. The study’s implications include the validation of the measurement scales in a non-English population and the recognition of the influence of technology on mental health and academic outcomes.

BackgroundVaccine hesitancy is a growing concern in Saudi Arabia, impacting even well-educated parents. The decision-making process involves various factors such as accessibility, trustworthy information, and the influence of social networks, reflecting a complex interplay of emotional, cultural, social, spiritual, and political dimensions. ObjectiveThis review seeks to evaluate the prevalence and trends of vaccine hesitancy, identify contributing factors, and explore potential solutions to enhance immunization rates. This review aligns with global concerns, as the World Health Organization has identified vaccine hesitancy as a top global health threat. MethodsOur systematic review will follow the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Study) criteria for comprehensive assessment. We will conduct a thorough search across various databases, encompassing a wide range of vaccines, and pay special attention to vaccination campaigns and refusals. Inclusion criteria involve descriptive, observational, and analytical studies focusing on factors influencing vaccine acceptance or hesitancy. The study will use the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool for quality assessment and perform a narrative synthesis to summarize findings thematically. ResultsThis systematic review is expected to unveil the prevalence and trends of vaccine hesitancy in diverse populations in Saudi Arabia, shedding light on cultural, religious, and social factors contributing to hesitancy. It aims to assess the effectiveness of implemented strategies, enable regional and global comparisons, and provide implications for tailored vaccination policies. Additionally, the review may pinpoint research gaps, guiding future investigations to address and mitigate vaccine hesitancy effectively. ConclusionsThe findings are expected to have direct policy implications and guide interventions to strengthen vaccination programs and improve public health outcomes. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/54680

AimThis study aims to explore various factors that affect students’ satisfaction regarding postgraduate agricultural programs and the likelihood of recommending such programs to others.MethodsData were collected using structured paper-based questionnaires from a random sample of 127 students who were undertaking master and doctoral programs in eight different disciplines within agricultural sciences at King Saud University.ResultsThe findings showed that majority of the students expressed high academic learning experiences and were satisfied with their program of study. Multiple regression analysis revealed that students’ academic learning experience, faculty support, and the rationale for attending the university had significant positive influence on their satisfaction with the enrolled programs. Moreover, the students’ satisfaction and faculty support also showed significant positive correlation with their likelihood to recommend agricultural programs to others.SuggestionsIn order to further enhance the impact of agricultural programs, we suggest improvements in the university curriculum as well as faculty services to make current agricultural programs up-to-date and relevant to meet the kingdom’s national agricultural and human resource development goals. There should be a particular focus on enhancing students’ research and written communication skills as postgraduate agricultural programs entail a significant component of these highly essential skills.

This research aims to investigate the metacognitive strategies employed by English students at Bengkulu University in reading comprehension. This research was a descriptive quantitative study with the design was survey. The design intends to describe the students’ frequencies in employing metacognitive strategies and also the students’ awareness of metacognitive strategies appropriateness in reading comprehension. The population of this study was English students in KIP Faculty at Bengkulu University. The sample was 92 of English students overall. The sample was taken by using simple random sampling technique. The data were collected by using MARSI questionnaire by Mochtari & Reichard. The data obtained from questionnaire was analyzed by using scoring rubric of MARSI questionnaire and used mean formula to calculate the students’ results. The results have revealed that students highly preferred to employ Problem Solving Strategies (3.00) in reading. Global Reading Strategies was the medium strategy preferred by students (2.88). The least strategy preferred by students was Support Reading Strategies (2.82).The result also indicated that English students are frequently employee metacognitive strategies in reading. As conclusion, this study has revealed that students most frequently employed problem-solving strategies (PROB). The study has also found that students have medium awareness of metacognitive strategies appropriateness in reading.

Pertanian berkelanjutan merupakan upaya menghasilkan produk pertanian yang aman dalam segi kuantitas, kualitas dan kontiniutas. Pupuk organik cair dan pestisida nabati yang dapat dibuat dari vegetasi sekunder yang ada di Kecamatan Poasia sebagai penerapan pertanian berkelanjutan. Tujuan program pengabdian kepada masyarakat terintegrasi KKN-Tematik adalah meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat menggunakan pupuk organik dan pestisida nabati yang berbahan dasar vegetasi sekunder. Kegiatan terdiri dari tiga tahapan yaitu survei lokasi, identifikasi masalah dan pelatihan. Petani antusias dan mampu membuat pupuk organik cair dan pestisida nabati dari bahan dasar vegetasi sekunder. Aplikasi pupuk organik cair dan pestisida nabati dapat mengurangi ketergatungan terhadap pupuk anorganik dan pestisida kimia sintetis.

This research aims to find out the types of learning strategies in speaking for presentation applied by the fourth semester students’ of the English Education Study Program at the University of Bengkulu. This research was descriptive quantitative research. The population of this research was the fourth-semester students of the English Education Study Program of the University of Bengkulu in the 2020-2021 academic year. The total sample of this research was 28 students. The data were collected by using a questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 18 items which 3 categories strategies (Cognitive strategy, Metacognitive strategy, and Social-affective strategy). The questionnaire was adapted from (Liao & Chiang, 2004). This research used SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) 16.0 program to get the types of learning strategies in speaking for presentation applied by the fourth semester students’. The results of this research showed the type of learning strategies applied applied by students, is cognitive strategy. The cognitive strategies with a weighted average 3.15. Then, the metacognitive strategies with a weighted average 3.09. The last, the social-effective strategies got weighted avarage 3.07. Similarly, it can be concluded the types of learning strategies in speaking for presentation applied by the fourth semester students’ were Cognitive strategies.

This article aims to analyze the fulfillment of Ecological Justice in the implementation of spatial policy in Palembang City based on the implementation of the international regime, namely SDG's point 11. The achievement of sustainable cities is a focus to see how the fulfillment of environmental justice is formed in the process of implementing regional spatial policy carried out in Palembang city. Using Kuehn's concept of Ecological Justice, look at the implementation of regional spatial policy with four aspects, namely distributive, corrective, procedural and social. An exploratory descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques used literature studies and interviews. The findings obtained include the implementation of distributive justice with various programs, however, the problem that is still the main obstacle is the need to pay attention to the city's green areas. In corrective justice, environmental policies already exist, but it is necessary to maximize law enforcement. In implementing procedural justice, policies are made that do not focus on targeting elements of community needs. The involvement of the community and NGOs in policy-making is still minimal. In terms of social justice, there is still a lot of community production land, open green areas, and protected land such as swamp land which is used as economic and residential areas which are exacerbated by regulations issued by the government which is a source of environmental damage. Through the findings above, it is hoped that policy formulation and implementation processes can be further maximized to achieve environmental justice in Palembang City.

Background: Since the first human case of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) caused by Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012, several evidences base have shown one-humped camels as the main reservoir host, from which, infection transmit to humans. Aim: Serological investigation of MERS in dromedary camels in Wasit province (Iraq), detection severity of infection and association to some risk factors. Methods: A total of 455 dromedary camels were selected randomly from two main districts in Wasit province, Iraq during January and April (2023). Sera of all study camels were examined by ELISA, and titers of positive study animals were categorized according to its severity. Results: Serological testing yielded 37.58% positive animals for MERS infection. According to severity of positive ODs (titer), a total of 53.22%, 30.99%, 12.28%, and 3.51% were showed mild, moderate, strong and very strong infections, respectively. Regarding risk factors, significant elevation in seropositivity was seen in camels of  3-6 and  6 years old, and reduced in camels of  3 years old with elevated risk of MERS with increased age. Regionally, seropositivity and relative risk were increased in camels of Shaykh Sa'd when compared with Al-Numaniyah. Regarding sex, no significant variation was detected between seropositive females and males; however, male camels appeared at higher risk than females. Association between severity of MERS infection and risk factors revealed that there was a significant increase in mild and moderate infections in female camels of  6 years old; whereas, strong and very strong infections were seen in male camels of  3-6 years old. The mild and very strong infections were recorded in Shaykh Sa'd; while, moderate and strong infections in Al-Numaniyah. Conclusion: The study indicated a longstanding existence of MERS-CoV in camels of Wasit province, therefore, recent infections or active viral excretion are required for confirmation by molecular approaches. [Open Vet J 2023; 13(10.000): 1283-1289]

Abstract This study incorporated the index decomposition analysis to drive the GHGs emissions intensity and separate the impact into true efficiency and structural transformation of economic activities on GHGs emissions. The global perspective is investigated in three aspects; (i) global groups of countries regarding income level, (ii) global countries bifurcated into geo-political regions and, (iii) hundred countries are taken to perform individual country level analysis, by taking 20 years (2000–2019) data. The hundred countries are ranked regarding GHGs intensity, efficiency and economic activities with respect to (i) for the latest year performance, (ii) twenty years average performance and, (iii) annual average reduction of GHGs emissions, comparable with base year 2000. Income-based countries groups explicate the improvement of GHGs intensity for HIC only and the economic transformation contributed to it. Efficiency index for all income groups while economic activities of LMIC, MIC and UMIC deteriorated the GHGs emissions. Global geo-political regions explicate the mixed pattern of GHGs intensity. Efficiency index is best for Azerbaijan and least for Uzbekistan. While ranking average GHGs emission reduction countries; Zimbabwe is the best and Qatar is the last country in the intensity list.

The purpose of this work is to develop a semi-analytical numerical scheme for solving fractional order non-linear partial differential equations (FOPDEs), particularly inhomogeneous FOPDEs, expressed in terms of the Caputo-Fabrizio fractional order derivative operator. To achieve this goal, we examine several fractional versions of nonlinear model equations from the literature. We then present the proposed scheme, discussing its stability and convergence properties. We show that the proposed scheme is efficient and accurate, and we provide numerical examples to illustrate its performance. Our findings demonstrate that the scheme has significant potential for solving a wide range of complex FOPDEs. Overall, this work contributes to the advancement of numerical techniques for solving fractional order non-linear partial differential equations and lays a foundation for further research in this area.

The heat and mass transfer phenomenon in the presence of a moving magnetic field has a wide range of applications, spanning from industrial processes to environmental engineering and energy conversion technologies. Understanding these interactions enables the optimization of various processes and the development of innovative technologies. This manuscript is about a non-integer-order heat-mass transfer model for Maxwell fluid over an inclined plate in a porous medium. The MHD flow of non-Newtonian fluid over the plate due to the natural convection of the symmetric temperature field and general motion of the inclined plate is investigated. A magnetic field is applied with a certain angle to the plate, and it can either be fixed in place or move along with the plate as it moves. Our model equations are linear in time, and Laplace transforms form a powerful tool for analyzing and solving linear DEs and systems, while the Stehfest algorithm enables the recovery of original time domain functions from their Laplace transform. Moreover, it offers a powerful framework for handling fractional differential equations and capturing the intricate dynamics of non-Newtonian fluids under the influence of magnetic fields over inclined plates in porous media. So, the Laplace transform method and Stehfest’s numerical inversion algorithm are employed as the analytical approaches in our study for the solution to the model. Several cases for the general motion of the plate and generalized boundary conditions are discussed. A thorough parametric analysis is performed using graphical analysis, and useful conclusions are recorded that help to optimize various processes and the developments of innovative technologies.

Growing neural gas (GNG) has been widely used in topological mapping, clustering and unsupervised tasks. It starts from two random nodes and grows until it forms a topological network covering all data. The time required for growth depends on the total amount of data and the current network nodes. To accelerate growth, we introduce a novel distributed batch processing method to extract the rough distribution called Distributed Batch Learning Growing Neural Gas (DBL-GNG). First, instead of using a for loop in standard GNG, we adopt a batch learning approach to accelerate learning. To do this, we replace most of the standard equations with matrix calculations. Next, instead of starting with two random nodes, we start with multiple nodes in different distribution areas. Furthermore, we also propose to add multiple nodes to the network instead of adding them one by one. Finally, we introduce an edge cutting method to reduce unimportant links between nodes to obtain a better cluster network. We demonstrate DBL-GNG on multiple benchmark datasets. From the results, DBL-GNG performs faster than other GNG methods by at least 10 times. We also demonstrate the scalability of DBL-GNG by implementing a multi-scale batch learning process in it, named MS-DBL-GNG, which successfully obtains fast convergence results. In addition, we also demonstrate the dynamic data adaptation of DBL-GNG to 3D point cloud data. It is capable of processing and mapping topological nodes on point cloud objects in real time.