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PETRONAS Pipeline Predictive Analytics for Corrosion (PrAnCorr) is a cutting-edge cloud-based innovation that uses big data from near real-time operating data to predict internal and external corrosions for onshore and offshore pipelines. The technology which made up of multilayer system architecture allows seamless data integration which transform the traditional method of managing pipeline integrity from one where pipelines are typically inspected every 5 years to one in which pipeline corrosion behavior can predicted on near real time, thus reducing dependency of having in line inspection. The motivation of the development which began in 2019 was derived from significant increasing trends of OPEX spending to control and monitor corrosion development and production losses due to corrosion failures. The formation of multidisciplinary team within PETRONAS had demonstrated proven results for a comprehensive life cycle machine learning system through collaborative efforts. The system is powered by 2 main processing engines namely iCON (process simulation tool) as a real-time process simulation engine and Machine Learning engine. The prediction utilizes more than 13 operating variables simultaneously generated through integration from various data sources within i-PIMS (PETRONAS Integrated Pipeline Integrity Assurance Solutions) system, capable to perform continuous data ingestion & cleaning which eventually revealed corrosion behavior along the pipelines. PrAnCorr was successfully deployed in March 2021 as a module in i-PIMS application and has already been used to predict corrosion for various pipeline system i.e., dry gas, multiphase, wet gas, condensate etc. The establishment of PrAnCorr is a significant step forward in the achievement of pipeline integrity performance, especially given that the potential savings derived from optimization of I&M. The positive value creation is estimated for long term application by 20% OPEX reduction over the life cycle. PrAnCorr is prospective for PETRONAS as a future of pipeline integrity solution that spans the company's operations with the capability from obtaining a quality pipeline real-time condition to subsequently performing integrity assessments.

The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with Lactuca serriola leaves on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and its antioxidant stability of Japanese quails. A total of eighty growing quails (1-week old) were distributed into 2 equal groups consisting of 40 birds (5 replicates of 8 birds each). The first group was fed a basal diet without Lactuca serriola leaves (0 g.kg-1 diet) and the second group received diets containing 20 g.kg-1 Lactuca serriola leaves. At age of 6 weeks, quails were slaughtered for meat and carcass examinations. The growth performance for the quails fed with Lactuca serriola leaves diet was similar to that of a control group. Carcass measurements, physical properties, and chemical composition of quail breast meat did not differ between the control and experimental group. However, the inclusion of Lactuca serriola leaves significantly increased the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content and improved breast meat lipid stability during postmortem refrigerated storage compared to the control diet. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of Lactuca serriola leaves can improve the performance of Japanese quail enrich its meat with an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, and reduce lipid oxidation during storage.

Bladder Bowel Dysfunction (BBD) has been described in patients with Down’s Syndrome (DS). Our aim was to report the incidence, demographics, presentation, complications and management of the bladder in DS patients with BBD. A systematic review was performed using PRISMA guidelines and search terms “{[(trisomy 21) OR down’s syndrome]} AND [(“non-neurogenic”) OR voiding dysfunction]” in the search engines MEDLINE and SCOPUS. We also include a case series from two paediatric urology centres. A total of 38 patients with BBD and DS were included. Mean age was 12 years (newborn to 21 years), the male:female ratio was 2:1. Functional constipation (90%), recurrent urinary tract infections (38%) and enuresis were common at presentation (56%), while over 56% patients required surgical intervention. Medical treatment and behavioral modification were less successful while intermittent catheterisation did not work. This study reviews the largest cohort of patients with BBD in DS. It is common with serious consequences requiring operative intervention. Usual interventions are unreliable due to poor compliance. Early identification and management protect the renal tract. Regular screening for urogenital anomalies in DS is currently not performed. We recommend a thorough history of bladder function in DS patients to identify these cases early.

The objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of stocking density and distances on electroencephalographic changes and cortisol as welfare indicators in Brahman crossbred cattle. Sixty Brahman crossbred heifers were subjected to road transport from a cattle feedlot farm located in Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang to a commercial ruminant abattoir in Shah Alam, Selangor. Animals were assigned to long (850 km) and short (450 km) distances and high (600 sqm), medium (400 sqm), and low (200 sqm) stocking densities. Results revealed that the intensity of cortisol responses and EEG parameters (such as alpha &lt, 0.001, beta &lt, 0.001, delta &lt, 0.001, theta &lt, 0.001, MF &lt, 0.001 and Ptot &lt, 0.001) increased significantly. Long-distance transport also resulted in significantly more intense (&lt, 0.001) responses to nociception during slaughter than animals that had been transported over a shorter distance, as indicated by EEG and cortisol.

The objective of the current study was to assess the carcass traits and meat quality in three different Japanese quail strains. A total of 90 1-day-old Japanese quail chicks of three different strains; 30 of each of white, black, and brown were used. Quails were slaughtered at 10 weeks of age. Carcass traits such as carcass weight and carcass yield were recorded. At 24 h postmortem, breast and leg meat samples were detached, vacuum packaged and stored at - 20 °C until meat quality, nutritional composition, fatty acid and amino acid profile analyses. The results indicate no differences (p 0.05) in the physicochemical properties of meat among different quail strains. Hot and cold carcass weights were higher (p 0.05) in brown and black quails. However, brown quails possessed the highest (p 0.05) slaughter weight and carcass yields than others. Meat physicochemical properties, fatty acids, and mineral content did not differ (p 0.05) between quail strains. Nonetheless, meat quality differ (p 0.05) between muscles in quails. Due to high carcass yields, brown quail strain may be preferred for meat production purposes.

This study&rsquo, s objective was to evaluate the effects of distance and stocking density on physicochemical properties and oxidative stability of meat and acute-phase proteins in Brahman crossbred cattle transported by road under hot and humid tropical conditions. Sixty Brahman crossbred heifers were subjected to road transport from a cattle feedlot farm located in Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, to a commercial ruminant abattoir in Shah Alam, Selangor. Animals were assigned to long and short distances and high, medium, and low stocking densities. The results revealed that the intensity of response significantly increased in meat samples from animals subjected to long-distance transportation and higher stocking density. Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein and serum amyloid-A values increased considerably and were different from the baseline values recorded at preload. In conclusion, the current results revealed that the color, pH, shear force values, water holding capacity (WHC), glycogen level, and malondilaldehyde assay (MDA) concentrations in meat and acute-phase proteins (APP) were affected by both distances and stocking densities, as evidenced by the significant changes recorded from the parameters above.

Meat has comprised a significant part of the human diets worldwide. Nevertheless, pollution is a great health risk to human health, especially the bioaccumulation of heavy metals from anthropogenic. The study examined the concentrations of cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), nickel (Ni), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) metals from imported meat of cattle, buffalo and lambs consumed in Erbil city by using X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The estimate of essential metals investigated in meat samples indicates that meat from cattle, buffalo and lamb was found to have significantly higher levels of heavy metals and the concentration of these metals except for copper, iron, selenium and mercury in cattle and lambs exceeded the permissible limits set by international standard. Therefore, people of Erbil governorate that consume imported red meat such as cattle and lamb are likely to be exposed to higher metal levels.

This study assessed the effects of dietary supplementation of probiotics, antibiotics and an antibiotic-probiotics mixture on growth performance of broilers, and the fatty acid profile and oxidative stability of broiler breast muscle. A total of 480 one-day-old broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were assigned to four treatment groups and fed for 42 days. The basal diet served as control treatment (Diet 1), while chicks assigned to Diets 2, 3 and 4 were fed the basal diet with the addition of 0.1 mg/kg of an antibiotic growth promoter (AGP), a commercial probiotic 5 g/kg or the AGP (0.1 mg/kg) + the commercial probiotic (5 g/kg), respectively. Feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were determined. Fatty acid (FA) profile and lipid oxidative status were monitored at 1 and 7 days post mortem. The results showed no significant difference in average bodyweights among the treatments. However, birds fed Diets 3 and 4 had significantly lower feed conversion ratios and feed intake than the other treatments. At day 7 post mortem, the lipid oxidation in breast meat was significantly lower in Diet 3 compared with the other diets. The meat of the birds fed Diet 3 had lower oleic acid, but higher palmitic acid concentrations at 1 day post mortem. At 1 day postmortem the polyunsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acid (PUFA : SFA) ratio was significantly lower in the breast muscle of birds fed Diet 3 compared with those fed Diets 1 and 4, but increased at 7 days postmortem. It could be concluded that probiotics supplementation showed high potential to improve oxidative stability, thereby increasing the shelf life of chicken meat. Keywords : Bacillus subtilis , broiler, body weight, feed intake, lipid profile, storage stability

To compare the outcomes of management of incarcerated inguinal hernia by open versus laparoscopic approach. This is a retrospective analysis of incarcerated inguinal hernina in a paediatric surgery centre involving four consultants. Manual reduction was attempted in all and failure was managed by emergency surgery. The laparoscopy group had 27 patients. Four patients failed manual reduction and underwent emergency laparoscopic surgery. Three of them had small bowel strangulation which was reduced laparoscopically. The strangulated bowel was dusky in colour initially but changed to normal colour subsequently under vision. The fourth patient required appendectomy for strangulated appendix. One patient had concomitant repair of umbilical hernia and one patient had laparoscopic pyloromyotomy at the same time. One patient had testicular atrophy, one had hydrocoele and one had recurrence of hernia on the asymptomatic side. The open surgery group had 45 patients. Eleven patients had failed manual reduction requiring emergency surgery, of these two required resection and anastomosis of small intestine. One patient in this group had concomitant repair of undescended testis. There was no recurrence in this group, one had testicular atrophy and seven had metachronous hernia. Both open herniotomy and laparoscopic repair offer safe surgery with comparable outcomes for incarcerated inguinal hernia in children. Laparoscopic approach and hernioscopy at the time of open approach appear to show the advantage of repairing the contralateral patent processus vaginalis at the same time and avoiding metachronous inguinal hernia.

The study was designed to compare recurrence rates and complications after laparoscopic versus open varicocele surgery in children.A retrospective case-note review of all varicocele surgery over a 10-year period (April 1999-March 2009) in two pediatric surgical centers was performed. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression was performed using SPSS Statistics version 18 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL).Thirty-seven patients had varicocele surgery during the study period. The median age at surgery was 14 years (range, 11-16 years). Most children had left-sided Grade 2 varicocele. Twenty-five (68%) primary procedures were laparoscopic (17 artery-sparing), and 12 (32%) procedures were open (9 artery-sparing). Six (16%) children had recurrence, and 6 (16%) had postoperative hydrocele. Recurrence rates after laparoscopic (16%) and open (17%) surgery were similar. Increasing age significantly decreased recurrence (odds ratio, 0.373; 95% confidence interval 0.161-0.862; P = .021). Although laparoscopy was associated with higher rates of postoperative hydrocele (odds ratio, 2.817; 95% confidence interval, 0.035-3.595; P = .380) and artery-sparing ligation was associated with higher rates of recurrence (odds ratio, 2.667; 95% confidence interval, 0.022-4.235; P = .787), these associations were not statistically significant.The best results of varicocele surgery in terms of recurrence and postoperative hydrocele were achieved by open mass ligation; however, larger prospective studies are warranted.

To review our experience of laparoscopic nephroureterectomy and hemi-nephroureterectomy over a 10-year period.Forty patients had surgery between December 2000 and April 2010. Case notes were reviewed for clinical data, intraoperative time, complications, postoperative management, outcome and follow-up.Mean age was 5.2 years. Thirty patients underwent nephroureterectomy. There were complications in five. Four required conversion. Two had bleeding from an adherent upper pole. One had adhesions from previous pyeloplasty. The fourth had a staghorn calculus secondary to xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. There were extensive inflammatory adhesions and despite early conversion, operating time was 9 h. Excluding this, mean operating time was 159 min. Nine patients underwent hemi-nephroureterectomy. There were complications in two; a hilar bleed and a peritoneal tear (neither required conversion). Mean operating time was 177 min. One patient with MCDK was for nephroureterectomy, but no renal tissue was found at laparoscopy and the procedure was abandoned.Laparoscopic nephroureterectomy/hemi-nephroureterectomy is well tolerated in children and should be the preferred option. Operative time is acceptable. There are few complications. Patients with MCDK should have an ultrasound before surgery to confirm ongoing presence of renal tissue. In patients with xanthogranulomatous disease, laparoscopy should be avoided.

PURPOSE Optimal surgical approach for advanced pediatric appendicectomy remains controversial. We compare the open versus the laparoscopic approach. METHODS Retrospective case notes review of children operated on for advanced appendicitis between January 2005 and July 2006 was undertaken for length of hospital stay, operating time, wound complications, need for further surgery, and hospital readmission. RESULTS Forty children were included, 17 were treated with open approach and 23 with laparoscopic approach. There was no conversion from laparoscopic to open approach. Overall complication rate, length of hospital stay, and need for further surgery were similar in both groups. The mean operative time was longer in the laparoscopic group. Wound complications occurred more in the open group. Readmission for gastrointestinal obstruction was noted in the laparoscopic group. CONCLUSIONS Laparoscopic approach is safe for advanced appendicitis in children. The outcomes are comparable in both study groups.

Fifty-six children in two groups were discharged within 24 hours of an uncomplicated appendicectomy. While the children in the first group ( N = 21) were visited by a nurse at home within 24 hours of discharge, the second group ( N = 35) just received telephone calls. The cohort was evaluated by telephone interviews two weeks after discharge. All children fulfilling the discharge standards were discharged safely within 24 hours of surgery. Any physical complaints post-discharge were considered minor. The nurses were able to provide reassurance to the families, give advice and deal with minor problems. As a result the families felt safe and reassured, and in only one case did the fragility of parental confidence become obvious. This study has demonstrated the safety of discharging these children within 24 hours of surgery and the value to nursing contacts in enabling the families to care for their children at home.