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The purpose of this study was to determine the choice of material for physical education and health based on the curriculum in lower grades by physical education and health (Sport Education) teacher. In this study using a quantitative descriptive method with the research subject of 22 lower grade physical education and health (Sport Education) teacher at the elementary level in Bululawang District. The data collection used is a non-test instrument in the form of questionnaires and interviews. The research data is converted intopercentage form. From the result of data analysis, it was found that the choice of learning materials for elementary school physical education and health (Sport Education) teacher in Bululawang District was to get a percentageof 50 percent, grade 2 got a percentage of 45 percent, grade 3 got a percetageof 48 percent. It was concluded that the lower grade physical education and health (Sport Education) teacher in Bululawang District had selected, implemented and presented material to student in order to achieve the curriculum and the selection of physical education and health (Sport Education) teacher materials in Elementary Schools in Bululawang District had reached the minimum standards set out in the teacher and student book. The following factors influence the choice of corner teacher material, namely infrastructure and teacher competence. Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pilihan materi pendidikan jasmani dan kesehatan berdasarkan kurikulum di kelas bawah oleh guru pendidikan jasmani kesehatan dan olahraga. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan subjek penelitian 22 guru pendidikan jasmani kesehatan dan olahraga kelas bawah di Sekolah Dasar Se-Kecamatan Bululawang. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah instrumen non tes berupa angket dan wawancara. Data hasil penelitian diubah menjadi bentuk persentase. Dari hasil analisis data, diperoleh hasil bahwa pilihan materi pembelajaran guru pendidikan jasmani, kesehatan dan olahraga SD di Kecamatan Bululawang untuk kelas 1 mendapatkan persentase 50 persen, kelas 2 mendapatkan persentase 45 persen, kelas 3 mendapatkan persentase 48 persen. Disimpulkan bahwa guru pendidikan jasmani kesehatan dan olahraga kelas bawah Se- Kecamatan Bululawang sudah memilih, melaksanakan dan menyajikan materi kepada siswa guna mencapai kurikulum dan pemilihan materi pendidikan jasmani kesehatan dan olahraga di Sekolah Dasar Se- Kecamatan Bululawang sudah mencapai standar minimal yang ditetapkan di buku guru dan buku siswa. Berikut faktor yang mempengaruhi pilihan materi guru pjok yaitu sarana prasarana dan kompetensi guru.

Program KOTAKU (Kota Tanpa Kumuh) adalah sebuah program yang diinisiasi oleh Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum, Direktorat Jendral Cipta Karya pada tahun 2016. Pemerintah Kota Malang merupakan salah satu yang melakukan implementasi program ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian campuran yang diimplementasikan dengan mengkombinasikan penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan arah teoritis induktif. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei dan teknik analisa data menggunakan teknik ordinasi Rapfish. Indeks keberlanjutan Program KOTAKU (Kota Tanpa Kumuh) di Keluruhan Bareng Kota Malang yaitu 59.174. Hal ini diartikan bahawa keberlanjutan program KOTAKU masuk dalam kategori cukup. Kategori ini mengindikasikan bahwa program ini dapat dikatakan tidak terlalu berjalan dengan baik namun juga tidak terlalu berjalan buruk/tidak baik.

Social media becomes a space to express feelings and opinions freely. However, freedom of speech is now abused by internet citizens to freely express words that mean rude, blasphemous, insulting, or in language science called disfemism. This research aims to describe the form and function of disfemism in the comment column of kekeyi public figure's Instagram @rahmawatikekeyiputricantikka23. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative method. The research data are words, phrases, and sentences containing disfemism in the comments column of the Instagram @rahmawatikekeyiputricantikka23 in July 2020. The data collection method uses the simak method with a recording technique—data collection techniques with documentation techniques. Data analysis uses the agih method with basic natural elements, substitution or substitution techniques, and removal techniques. Based on the results of this study found 279 data on disfemism. The found forms of disfemism are words, phrases, and phrases. The word disfemism form amounts to 90 data, the form of phrase disfemism amounts to 100 data, and the expression disfemism form amounts to 89 data. There are seven functions of disfemism found in this study, among them: (a) as an intermediary to express taboo or indecent things, (b) as a sign of dislike, hate, and disrespect, (c) as an intermediary to express anger or aggravation, (d) as a negative depiction of something, (e) as a means of insulting and mocking, (f) as a means of criticizing, and (g) as a means to exaggerate something and scold.

Peasant is an occupation mostly found in rural areas. Peasant has no land (landless agriculturalist) and only cultivates the landlord's land (Holmes, 1983, p. 734). In this situation, peasant tends to be marginalized or receives no rights in agricultural production factors, loan access and even market access. This is worsen by the entry of capitalism to the rural areas that marginalizes the peasant's right even more. Marginalization to peasant continues. Here, the author called it as Post-Peasant Marginalization. Post-peasant marginalization shows that being lack of rights to the agricultural resources, peasant will still and continue to be in the life circle without fulfillment of basic needs of education and economy, which in this case, the income. Using quantitative method, the author conducted a survey in 3 villages in Tumpang Subdistrict: Wringinsongo Village, with the sample of 45 respondents, Jeru Village of 48 respondents and Pulungdowo Village of 48 respondents. With Kendall correlation analysis with the significance rate of 5% between the variable of education level and income, it was found that the score of .sig was 0.00; 0.001; 0.001 respectively which was less than the score of .sig 0.005 that shows the significant relation between the level of education and level of income. It was found that the majority people in the village who works as peasant have only elementary school education and monthly income between IDR 500.000-IDR 1,000,000 or between 38USD-75USD. This shows that the low education is correlated to the low income. The low aspect of education and economy has indicated that peasant has still no access to decent life. Peasant has been the marginalized community in the midst of massive development in all sectors. Post-peasant marginalization shows that being lack of rights to the agricultural sector, peasant will still and continue to be in the poor life circle as indicated by the low level of education and level of income.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara religiusitas dengan kebermaknaan hidup narapidana. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif korelasional dengan subjek berjumlah 135 narapidana. Teknik dalam pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan skala kebermaknaan hidup dan religiusitas. Skala kebermaknaan hidup berjumlah 20 aitem berdaya beda tinggi dengan koefisien korelasi skor aitem total bergerak antara 0,311 � 0,553 dengan reliabilitas 0,827. sedangkan skala religiusitas berjumlah 44 aitem berdaya beda tinggi dengan koefisien korelasi skor aitem total bergerak antara 0,308 � 0, 688 dengan skor reliabilitas sebesar 0, 939. Uji hipotesis menggunakan teknik analisis Product Moment dengan rxy = 0,684 dengan taraf signifikansi p = 0,000 (p

This study wants to address how migrant workers and their choices to work abroad have impacted its family, especially for economy and infrastructure sector. This paper explains that community development tend to adopt two approaches: micro or macro perspective. Macro perspective focuses on the people or agencies only in terms of their relationship to the large-scale structure, whilst micro-perspective places a greater emphasis on the individual level as the main focus and objective in the development programs. The objective of this research is to seize the structural issues of the migrant workers, and therefore, social mapping method is used. Social mapping is a visual method of showing the relative location of households and the distribution of different types of people (such as male, female, adult, child, landed, landless, literate, illiterate, and so on) together with the social structure and institutions of an area. This research was conducted in Sukowilangun village, near Malang, East Java, as this regency is named one of the largest migrant workers origins.Keywords: Migrant Workers, Indonesia, Social Mapping, Community Development Abstrak. Penelitian ini ingin membahas bagaimana pekerja migran dan pilihan mereka untuk bekerja di luar negeri telah mempengaruhi keluarganya, terutama dalam sektor ekonomi dan infrastruktur. Makalah ini menjelaskan bahwa pengembangan masyarakat (community development) cenderung mengadopsi dua pendekatan perspektif yakni mikro atau makro. Perspektif makro hanya berfokus pada orang atau badan yang berkaitan dengan struktur yang berskala besar, sementara perspektif mikro lebih menekankan pada tingkat individu sebagai fokus utamanya dan program pembangunan sebagai objeknya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menangkap isu struktural dari pekerja migran, penelitian ini menggunakan metode pemetaan sosial (social mapping). Social mapping adalah metode visual untuk menunjukkan lokasi relatif rumah tangga dan distribusi orang dari berbagai jenis (seperti laki-laki, perempuan, dewasa, anak-anak, rumah berubin atau tak berubin, terpelajar, buta huruf, dan lain-lain) bersama dengan struktur sosial dan institusi yang ada di area tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Sukowilangun, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur, karena kabupaten ini merupakan salah satu asal pekerja migran terbesar.Kata kunci: Buruh Migran, Indonesia, Pemetaan Sosial, Community Development

Penelitian ini melihat modal sosial terikat (bonding) dapat menjadi sebuah kekuatan dalam menghasilkan kapasitas adaptasi masyarakat pedesaan dalam pengelolaan dan pembangunan infrastruktur. Pada tahap selanjutnya, kapasitas adaptasi ini menjadi sebuah daya lenting, fleksibilitas, dan stabilitas yang tinggi di dalam masyarakat jika dapat memobilisasi sumber daya dan memodifikasi kelembagaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Sidoasri, Kecamatan Sumbermanjing Wetan, Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian menggunaan pendekatan kualitatif berupa studi kasus dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Pada pembangunan infrastruktur (air,listrik, dan jalan) masyarakat mengembangkan kepercayaan, interaksi yang kuat antar sesama anggota, norma/aturan yang menunjukkan tipe modal sosial bonding. Modal sosial yang terikat ini menghasilkan kapasitas adaptasi, antara lain berupa: kerja sama, partisipasi semua elemen masyarakat, pemanfaatan teknologi yang sesuai kebutuhan masyarakat, prinsip saling menjaga, dan kemampuan memobilisasi sumber daya kolektif dalamanggota kelompok. Bentuk-bentuk kapasitas adaptasi yang dikembangkan adalah sebuah daya lenting dan fleksibilitas untuk menjaga stabilitas pembangunan dan pengelolaan infratsruktur perdesaan. This research tried to explore bonding social capital which could be transformed to ruralsociety adaptive capacity of infrastructure development. The adaptive capacity of societyhas an elastic power, flexibility, and stability in society if they can mobilize resource andmodify social institution. The research conducted in Sidoasri Village, SumbermanjingDistrict, Malang County. This research utilized case study as qualitative approach. Datacollecting used in-depth interview, and observation. The society has been developingwater, electricity, road infrastructure since they has trust, strong interaction, and normamong the community members. It indicated the type of bonding social capital. Thisexclusive social capital has been yielding cooperation, participation, appropriate technologyutilization, mutual exchanges, and mobilization of collective action. Forms of adaptivecapacity which have been developed are an elastic power and flexibility to maintain ruralinfrastructure development. &nbsp

This article discuss at investigating the patterns, distribution, and stakeholders involved in the community empowerment program in Batu, East Java, Indonesia. By using the combination of Arc GIS (Geographic Information System) and Stakeholder Analysis, the community empowerment in Batu shows pragmatic and autocratic empowerment patterns. Besides, the community empowerment program in Batu is divided into 2 categories, namely exist/receive and does not exist/does not receive. The existing condition of empowerment program spreads unevenly. To deal with the issue, it is important to consider the Polycentric Development, which allows each region to have a Village Empowerment Center for equitable development. The city government has so far been the most dominant stakeholders in the empowerment program in Batu. Nevertheless, there are many other stakeholders starting to appear, such as private sectors and NGO, actors/individuals and media contributions, and universities. For recommendation, Government, private sectors, and non-governmental organizations can accommodate the principles of psychological empowerment, so that the empowerment is not only seen as a pragmatic-authoritarian impression. This principle is important because it can emotionally (intrapersonal) see someone’s capacity to bring influence in making social changes and decisions. Communities as people who are exposed to empowerment programs need to actively increase participation. The next researcher can emphasize the stakeholder analysis on the collaboration and social networking patterns among them.

The objectives of the present study are to identify utilization of rural infrastructure related to gender condition, to describe gender of agribusiness development, to describe the social, economic, and environmental impacts of rural infrastructure that influence gender condition, and to describe the response and adaptive capacity of the community.

Indonesian government has delivered various community development programs to alleviate poverty problems of rural communities. This is despite the fact that the numbers of people who live in poverty in this area is going to increase. This has given rise to a crucial question in how development programs should be distributed to rural community members. This article present empirical findings of research depicts a model or mechanism by which rural community members who have been involved in Posdaya (Pos Pemberdayaan Keluarga/ Family Empowerment Post) program success in achieving economic empowerment objective by employing their social capital. This study employs qualitative method with an approach of case study and multiple case design. It conducts the logic of 'replica', meaning that it would lead the analysed case to be used either for making predictions of similar results (literal logic) or for achieving different results (theoretical replica). The fundamental assumption of the study refers to the lack involvement or participation of the empowered community or social groups. The domination of top-down approach has allowed people to rely on external party. On the other hand, bottom-up approach has not been fully implemented due to the absence of strong social capital in the empowered society. As a consequence, there have been only parts of people controlling and enjoying the presented empowerment program. Social capital is not an existing or a given capital in society. Rather, social capital is a mere potential, and in order to shape and develop it some strategies or endeavours are required. Thus, the study attempts to find out a suitable model to arrange and progress the social capital in the implementation of social empowerment program. Additionally, the study will advance the scaling up model into a wider space with an expectation to create a powerful community.

We have carried out modification of La0.8Ba0.2MnxFe½(1-x)Ti½(1-x)O3 (x = 0.1 – 0.8) magnetic materials by wet milling method. Raw materials of La2O3, BaCO3, Fe2O3, TiO2 and MnCO3 were mixed according to stoichiometry calculation for each composition. The mixture was milled for 5 hours and then sintered at 1000 °C for 5 hours. The refinement results by X-ray diffraction pattern shows that the increasing Mn composition enhances the mass fraction of La0.8Ba0.2MnxFe½(1-x)Ti½(1-x)O3 phase which has the same structure as LaMnO3. For x = 0.8 a single phase of LaMnO3 was formed. The single phase has a crystal monoclinic crystal structure with space group of I 1 2 / a 1, with lattice parameters given by a = 5.519(5) A, b = 5.5537(5) A and c = 7.8176(9) A, α = γ = 90o and β = 90.345(6)o, V = 239.64(3) A3, ρ = 6.463 gr.cm-3, wRp = 5.96, and χ2 (chi-squared) = 1.17. The hysteresis curve shows that the sample with composition x = 0.8 produces ferromagnetic behaviour at room temperature. The ferromagnetic properties arise due to the mixed valence of Mn3+ and Mn4+ ions through a double exchange mechanism. The results of the microwave absorption indicated that there was a broadening of absorption peak frequency at 9.9 GHz. The reflection loss (RL) increases with the increasing of LaMnO3 phase. For x = 0.8 we have the best of RL where the microwave absorption was calculated reaching 95% at the highest peak frequency with a thickness of 1.5 mm. Thus we have been successful in creating a single phase of La0.8Ba0.2MnxFe½(1-x)Ti½(1-x)O3 with application as a microwave absorber.