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Abstract Background Poor glycemic control and sexual dysfunction have been shown to impair health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of individuals with diabetes. However, mediators underlying this relationship have not been evaluated. This study aimed/sought to assess the effect of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) on the relationship between sexual functioning (SeF) and HRQoL among Nigerians with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods This cross-sectional study consecutively recruited 210 participants diagnosed with T2DM. The recent FBG and lipid profiles were gleaned from the medical records of the participants. We assessed the ankle-brachial index by 8 MHz handheld vascular Doppler. Participants completed the Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire and Short Form 12 (SF-12) questionnaire to assess SeF and HRQoL, respectively. Results Significant differences exist in HRQoL of participants with good and poor glycemic control (mean rank = 111.02 vs. 93.64, p = 0.035) but none between participants with and without PAD (mean rank = 101.39 vs. 107.60, p = 0.483). There was a significant correlation between SeF and HRQoL (r = 0.181, CI = 0.043–0.313, p = 0.008), and a significant negative correlation between HRQoL and FBG (r = -0.149, CI = -0.284 - -0.008, p = 0.033). There is a significant indirect effect of impact of SeF on HRQoL through FBG (b = -0.027, t = -0.899) and PAD (b = 0.034, t = 1.246). Furthermore, the direct effect of SeF on HRQoL in the presence of the mediators was also significant (b = 0.483, p = 0.001). This shows that PAD and FBG mediates the relationship between SeF and HRQoL. Conclusion Good glycemic control and the absence of PAD mediate the relationship between SeF and HRQoL in Nigerians with T2DM. Clinical trial number Not applicable.

Background The clinicopathological significance of KRAS alterations in clinical prostate cancer (PCa) has yet to be comprehensively studied, and the classic KRAS somatic mutations are rare in PCa. Methods The clinico-genomic data of two PCa cohorts were retrieved from the cancer genome databases. KRAS expression-based gene enrichment for cell proliferation, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition /invasion programmes, RAS activation, MAPK and PI3K signalling were sought using gene enrichment analyses, and validated with clinicopathologically relevant tumour biology signatures. Results RAS activation and hallmark tumour biology pathways were enriched in KRAS-high PCa subsets. KRAS expression also demonstrated significant associations with Gleason score and ISUP prognostic grade groups, pathological tumour stage, overall TNM stage, and treatment outcomes, but not with age, pathological node and metastasis statuses. The study further demonstrated that wild-type KRAS expression was deregulated in PCa by a combination of copy number changes, epigenetic/altered transcription factor-expression and microRNA mechanisms. Conclusion The relevance of KRAS expression to clinical PCa biology and therapy outcomes deserves further validation.

Objective. The osteoporosis in thyroid disorder has the lowest report especially in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aims to determine the prevalence, predictive factors, and characteristics of osteoporosis in hyperthyroid patients. Method. Forty (40) hyperthyroid patients and healthy controls ages 21–50 years were recruited in this study. Questionnaires were administered to capture bio- and clinical data. Biochemical tests included blood, thyroid functions, intact parathyroid hormone, corrected calcium, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D tests. Bone mineral density (BMD) was also evaluated. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 21. A p value