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The emergence of the increases in the rate of different social vices among the adolescents in high schools calls for re-evaluation and updating of the existing operating counselling services in secondary schools' educational system. The study examined the challenges of the newly qualified school counsellors and the solution proffered. Six research questions were raised to guide the study. It adopted a mixed-method research approach. The results of the findings revealed that the lack of recognition of the role of counsellors in the school system was rated the highest among the challenges experienced by newly-qualified counsellors, non-referral of students who need to be sent to a counsellor by teachers was rated second. From the findings of the study of the awareness campaign on the importance of counselling through various media, the finding “more time should be allotted to practicum for counsellors in training” was the highest-rated as the solution to the challenges experienced by newly-qualified counsellors. The results obtained from the study also revealed that male counsellors might be experiencing different challenges from their female counterparts. The results of the study also show a significant difference in the challenges experienced by newly qualified counsellors based on school type. The findings revealed that there is a significant difference in the solution provided by newly qualified counsellors based on gender. The results also show that the solution provided by a counsellor from private schools does not differ from that of their public schools’ counterpart. Based on the findings of the study recommendations were made: government should provide public enlightenment programmes to parents, school administrators, teachers, and students through jingles, posters, billboards on the need to embrace counselling in the school system and make use of the facility. National University commission should revise the counsellor training programme and increase the period allocated for practicum for the counsellor in training in order to equip them for the tasks ahead. Keywords: challenges, solutions, experiences, newly qualified counsellors

The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. Two hundred (200) undergraduates were randomly selected from four (4) randomly selected universities in Osun state. A structured questionnaire entitled Factors Affecting Students’ Academic Performance Questionnaire (FASAPQ) which had four sections was developed and validated. Frequency counts, simple and percentage and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used to analyse the data collected. The findings of the study show that age had influence on students’ academic performance in tertiary institutions. The findings also revealed that the peer group had influence on students’ academic performance in tertiary institutions. The results also supported the idea that learning environment had influence on students’ academic performance in tertiary institutions. Furthermore, the difference in the students’ across institutions perception on factors affecting the academic performance of students in tertiary institutions was found insignificant (F(3,196) = 1.138, p>0.05).Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations were made: the school counsellors should be organizing orientation programmes for new undergraduates to get them familiar with the new environment and to understand the university.

This study investigated the lecturers’ perspectives on enhancing university graduates’ employability in Nigeria. Findings revealed that majority of the lecturers agreed that there is need for the undergraduates to acquire transferable skills and a broad-based experience. Also revealed that majority of the lecturers agreed that the undergraduates need to be exposed to internship and work experience irrespective of their field of study. In addition, majority of the lecturers agreed that guidance and counselling services should be vigorously pursued and revived in our institutions of learning. Based on the findings of this study, some recommendations were made; School authority should expose the undergraduates to internship and work experience scheme irrespective of their field of study. School authority should establish guidance and counselling unit to provide supportive service for the students especially on career-related issues. Government should improve the school environment by providing adequate infrastructural facilities, instructional materials that will enhance broad-based experience among the undergraduates. Keywords: First keyword, second keyword, third keyword, forth keyword

Traditionally, teachers simply taught problem-solving by explaining the worked-out examples taken from textbooks and students were expected to listen quietly, copy the solution to the problem, and then work independently at their desks. But a large body of research notes that guiding students to develop a solution pathway with questioning is more effective than simply explaining the sequence of steps to solve the problem. Students involved in question- and-answer sessions are more attentive than those who listen passively to teacher explanations and they are more likely to generate questions. The questions students ask during a lesson perform a number of important functions, including providing the teacher with valuable information about students’ understanding and misunderstanding, fostering self-regulation, inviting classroom discussions and aiding comprehension of contents presented. The skill of posing questions during classroom instruction is often under-valued and under taught in today’s classrooms. To encourage students to ask quality and thought provoking questions related to the contents taught, explicit instruction is required. This paper, therefore, qualitatively reports factors that foster student generated questions during the problem-solving instruction involving acid-base titration problem.

Using constructivist theory and knowledge components as a theoretical framework, this paper reports lecturers' perceptions of prior knowledge needed for solving a sample acid-base titration problem involving the neutralization of a conjugate base of a weak acid with a strong acid. Twelve participants were engaged for the study. Their participation in this research was voluntary. Semi- structured interviews were employed as the main instrument for collecting statements about prior knowledge required for solving a sample acid-base titration problem. The transcripts of the interview session were analysed using coding categories. Two types of coding were employed, namely: (1) pre-coding (applicable to the close-ended questions) and (2) researcher-generated coding (applicable to the open-ended questions). These techniques were trialed and found to elicit suitable data in the pilot project. Two independent raters coded the complete transcript of individual lecturers and reliability between the two coder...

Although there is a growing interest in studies of students’ problem-solving strategies and difficulties, and misconceptionsregarding stoichiometry, little is known about the way teachers understand and teach reaction stoichiometry. This articlepresents a case study of pedagogical content knowledge put into actions by chemistry teachers when teaching the topic ofstoichiometry to second year senior secondary school students. Fourteen chemistry teachers with teaching experience rangingfrom 5 to 20 years were involved in this study. Research data were obtained from classroom observations and videotapedrecordings of classroom practice. Analyses of the teachers’ teaching activities revealed their skillfulness, resourcefulness, andweaknesses in terms of pedagogical content knowledge displayed when teaching stoichiometry. The results of this exploratorystudy offer insight into the knowledge systems that need to be expanded, enriched, and elaborated for teaching stoichiometry.To better understand the findings of this study, the results obtained were presented under two separate sections: (1) resultsconcerning introducing reaction stoichiometry to students and (2) results concerning leading students to identify limitingreagents. Implications for instruction and teachers’ professional development are offered.