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Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical presentation, treatment outcomes, and complications associated with hepatic hydatid cysts in a pediatric population. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 214 pediatric patients with liver hydatid cysts, focusing on clinical presentation, treatment outcomes, and associated complications. Patients were classified based on treatment modality, including non-operative management with albendazole, PAIR, and surgical intervention. This study compared cyst characteristics, recurrence rates, and complications such as cysto-biliary fistulas. Results: Among the patients, 68% (n = 145) had a single cyst and 86% (n = 184) were found to have isolated liver cysts. No significant statistical difference was observed between Group 1 and Group 2 in terms of age, gender, and basic laboratory values and general characteristics of the cysts, such as the lobe where the cyst was located, involvement of multiple organs, number of cysts, the state of cyst rupture, and recurrence; no statistically significant difference was found between the groups (p > 0.05 for each comparison). Cyst rupture incidence was 6%, and the average incidence of recurrence was 2%, with a surgical recurrence incidence of 3%. A total of 37 patients had a laparotomy, while 7 had laparoscopic surgery. In total, capitonnage was performed in 68 patients, omentopexy in 4, and cystostomy in 6. Consequently, among the treated patients (PAIR + surgery), the incidence of cysto-biliary fistula was 11%, anaphylaxis was 2%, surgical recurrence was 3%, and the incidence of reoperation (Clavien–Dindo ≥ 3) was 6%. The average follow-up period was 72 months, during which no mortality was observed. Conclusions: We identified key clinical outcomes related to both non-surgical treatments (cyst rupture and recurrence) and surgical groups (cysto-biliary fistulas, anaphylaxis, the need for reoperation, rupture, and recurrence). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Since the beginning of the Covid19 pandemic, it has greatly affected healthcare professionals who are in direct contact with patients in our country and in our hospital, as well as all over the world. Many guidelines have been published for the precautions to be taken during the preoperative, perop and postoperative periods, especially in surgical branches that need to intervene in organs with high viral load. In our study, we aimed to share up-to-date information about what needs to be done, and what has been done in the pediatric surgery and organ transplant clinic in this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective:To investigate the role of cordycepin in testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.Materials and methods:Forty Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups, as follows: group one, control (C); group two, torsion and ischemia (I); group three: detorsion with ischemia–reperfusion (IR); and group four, detorsion/cordycepin. The rats were then analyzed macromorphologically and histopathologically, and blood tests were performed. Specifically, the total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were determined, and malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β levels were analyzed. In addition, pyknotic nuclei, spermatozoa, edema, and hemorrhage were assessed.Results:When the IR and cordycepin groups were compared with the other groups, there was a statistically significant decrease in TNF-α and MDA levels (p< 0.05). Increased TAS levels were observed in the cordycepin group compared with the control group. TOS levels were significantly increased in the I and IR groups, but decreased in the cordycepin group (p< 0.05). Similar effects were observed in tissue biochemistry analysis. Histopathological evaluations revealed that the spermatozoa count was decreased in the I and IR groups. However, there was an increase in the cordycepin group, as well as a statistically significant difference between the IR and cordycepin groups (p< 0.01). Finally, edema and inflammation were increased in the I and IR groups, but decreased in the cordycepin group.Conclusions:Histological and biochemical findings revealed that cordycepin protected against IR-induced testicular injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Adrenal gland injury (AGI) caused by trauma may cause bleeding and life-threatening problems in children. The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence of AGI in final diagnoses of trauma. Materials and Methods: The records of 458 patients with abdominal trauma (out of a total 8,200 pediatric patients with trauma of any sort), who were referred to our clinic between January 2009 and July 2014, were reviewed retrospectively. The numbers of patients with AGI and their ages, gender, trauma patterns, affected organs, pediatric trauma scores (PTSs), and injury severity scores (ISSs) were recorded, as well as the associated ultrasound (US) and tomographic scan data, treatments, and complications. Computed tomography (CT) scans obtained after trauma were subjected to both primary and secondary evaluation. Results: In total, 28 patients with AGI were detected; their average age was 8.54 ± 4.09 (3-17) years. Twenty (71%) patients were male and 8 (29%) were female. Nineteen (68%) patients had fallen from heights; the most commonly injured organs were the kidneys, spleen, and lungs. Injuries were right-sided in 26 (92.9%) patients. The mean ISS was 13.2 (range 5-50) and the mean PTS 8.6 (range 0-11). Seven patients had ISS > 16 and nine had PTS < 8. AGI was diagnosed by CT in 14 (50%) patients and in 3 (9%) by US at primary evaluation. Upon secondary scan inspection focusing on the possibility of adrenal gland injury, such injury was ultimately detected in 28 patients. All patients underwent conservative follow-up, and one died. Conclusion: We recommend calculation of the PTS, as well as other trauma scores, when pediatric patients suffering multiple or blunt abdominal trauma(s) present to the emergency . In addition, we believe that in children with trauma involving the liver, spleen or kidneys, careful evaluation using a CT scan would increase the diagnosis of AGI and reveal a realistic rate of AGI in trauma cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Using percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL), it is easy to reach stones in various parts of the kidney via a single access tract. In the current study, we set out to demonstrate that the intravenous catheter is a safe way to gain renal access, and that PNL is safe in children.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent PNL as a treatment for renal stone disease at our center between September 2013 and December 2014. There were no specific exclusion criteria. We used 14 gauge intravenous catheter for renal access in all cases.Results: Eleven of the 32 patients (34.4%) were female and 21 (65.6%) were male. The mean ± SD patient age was 4.7 ± 3.71 years (9 months-16 years). Six patients (18.7%) were infants less than 1 year of age. Fifteen of the stones (46.8%) were located in the right kidney, and 17 of the stones (53.1%) were located in the left kidney. The average stone size was 13.9 ± 4.8 mm (range, 12-28). The average duration of operation was 69.7 ± 10.4 minutes (range, 50-110), and the average duration of fluoroscopy was 2.21 ± 1.06 minutes (range, 1-6). There were complications in 5 of the cases (15.6%).Conclusion: The access and dilatation stages are quite important. We propose that the intravenous catheter is a safe and inexpensive tool for renal access in PNL in pediatric age group patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/purpose: This study analyzed factors that affect mortality in patients surgically treated for EA, then explored the long-term problems encountered by these patients., Materials and Methods: Among 252 patients with EA who were either diagnosed, treated, and subsequently followed at the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dicle University Medical Faculty Hospital, or were treated surgically elsewhere but followed at our center, between January 2010 and January 2020,214 patients were included in the study., Results: Early complications:One or more early complications were observed in 132(62.5%) of the 211 patients who underwent surgical EA repair. The most common early complication was AS, which developed in 106(50.2%) patients. Anastomosis leakage. Was detected in 48 (22.7%) patients. Late complications: The late findings of 161 patients who underwent definitive surgery and had a mean follow-up period of 68 months (range, 6-120 months) were evaluated. The most common late complication was GER., Mortality: Of the 214 patients in our study, 63(29.4%) died, including 48(76.2%) during the early period after the first surgery. Of the 10(15.9%) patients who died during the late period., Conclusion: In our study, the most common early complication was anastomotic stenosis in patients with esophageal atresia. We recommend balloon dilation in the treatment of anastomotic stenosis.Gastroesophageal reflux is the most common long-term complication. Most of these can be treated conservatively and medically. The association of low birth weight, cardiac anomalies, prematurity and VACTERL increased mortality in patients with esophageal atresia in our study., Key Words: Esophageal Atresia, Morbidity, Late Period, Mortality, Tracheoesophageal Fistula.

Meckel's diverticulum (MD) is a congenital disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that is usually asymptomatic. Perforation of an MD by foreign bodies is an extremely rare cause of acute abdomen in children. We present a rare case of perforation of an MD in a child after eating melon seeds. The patient was treated successfully with segmental resection and primary anastomosis and had an uneventful postoperative recovery.

This study examined the differential diagnosis of inguinoscrotal masses and true hermaphroditism as well as incarcerated inguinal hernia in the differential diagnosis of abnormal inguinoscrotal masses. Inguinoscrotal masses are a rare presentation of true hermaphroditism. A child with an inguinoscrotal mass of the right groin and penoscrotal hypospadias was diagnosed. Our case suggested that abnormal inguinoscrotal masses occur in true hermaphroditism as well as incarcerated inguinal hernia. These congenital anomalies should be considered in the differential diagnosis of inguinoscrotal masses of the groin.