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The general purpose of this research is to examine the mediating effect of STEM attitudes between STEM pedagogical content knowledge (CK) and STEM intra-class practice self-efficacy. This research was conducted in a causal design. A total of 345 teacher candidates, 261 females (75.7%) and 84 males (24.3%), were included in the research. The data were collected with the STEM Pedagogical CK Scale (STEM), Attitude Scale for STEM Education (STEMAS), and STEM Intra Class Practice Self-Efficacy Perceptions Scale. Path analysis technique was used in data analysis. In addition, bootstrapping analysis was used to evaluate the significance of the mediating effect of STEM attitudes. At this point, 1,000 resamples were made and lower-upper bound confidence intervals were determined. In research results, the mediating effect of STEM Attitudes was found to be significant in the relationship between STEM Pedagogical CK and STEM Intra Class Practice self-efficacy.

Cognitive and affective interrelationships are increasingly gaining importance in educational literature, assigning emotions a prominent role in the teaching and learning process. This study aims to promote awareness among prospective teachers of their emotional vulnerability and the influence of affective and emotional aspects in the teaching of natural sciences, mathematics, and social sciences. The research had a dual purpose: to analyse the beliefs, attitudes, and emotions of prospective teachers regarding the teaching of these disciplines and to examine the impact on their beliefs and emotions after undergoing specific training. The study topic is justified by the growing attention emotions are receiving as decisive factors in learning processes and the persistent substantial gap in scientific education research, particularly in the realm of online teacher training. To address and analyse this gap, a descriptive quantitative survey study on beliefs, attitudes, and emotions towards the teaching of these courses before and after participation in a training program was designed. The analysis of the data revealed results consistent with previous studies. Specifically, the results demonstrated that prospective teachers showed more negative emotions, beliefs, and attitudes towards the teaching of natural sciences and mathematics compared to the teaching of social sciences. However, in all cases, improvements were observed after receiving specific training. These findings highlight the need to incorporate emotional improvement projects into online teacher training, particularly in the fields of natural sciences and mathematics.

Abstract Background The worldwide population is ageing and self-arm can be prevented with many techniques. Among them coercive measure consisting of physical restraint (PR) is one of the techniques. This study aims to assess the effects of the biological sex on the long-term survival after PR in geriatric patients during the initial emergency department (ED) visit. Methods This retrospective study included patients between November 2019 to March 2021. All consecutive hospitalized patients after emergency department visit older than 75 years with PR were included. The population was compared according to the biological sex. One-year all-cause mortality was plotted with the Kaplan-Meier curve. Hazard ratios (HRs) for 1-year mortality were calculated using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. Mortality was monitored over a 3-year period. Results PR was used in 149 patients representing 4.6% of 3210 hospitalized patients older than 75 years after ED visit. Women represented 52% of the study population. Compared to men, women were older [median (IQR) age 89 (85–93) vs. 85 (81–90) years, P = 0.002]. Women more often presented dementia (93 vs. 80%, P = 0.031). Both sexes presented the same limited independence. All-cause mortality was significantly lower for women than men after one year (25 vs. 51%, respectively, P =

Abstract Purpose The inflammatory response in animal models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is activated by the NLR-family-pyrin-domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway, which is also known to play a role in obesity-related inflammation. The NLRP3/caspase-1/interleukin (IL)-1β pathway might be involved in the progression of COPD with increasing body mass index. To our knowledge, no previous studies have explored the role of NLRP3 inflammasome markers in linking COPD and obesity. Here, we aim to investigate this potential connection by examining levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-17A and to provide additional data on the expression of these molecules in relation to smoking status and COPD severity. Methods A case‒control study was conducted between July 2020 and March 2023. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated, and total RNA was extracted for real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis to measure the expression levels of inflammasome molecules. Results 29 subjects who were diagnosed with stable COPD and 32 controls were included in the data analysis. NLRP3 and IL-17A but not caspase-1 or IL-1β expression was significantly greater in the COPD group than in the control group. We detected a significant increase in NLRP3 levels in the smoker COPD group (p = 0.009) and nonsmoker COPD group (p = 0.045) compared with those in the nonsmoker control group. There was no significant correlation between BMI and the inflammasome markers. Conclusion As proinflammatory biomarkers, NLRP3 and IL-17A are prominent in stable COPD patients. Smoking may trigger NLRP3-mediated inflammation in stable COPD patients. The expression levels of NLRP3 inflammasome molecules did not differ in terms of disease severity or BMI. Graphical Abstract

With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the urge it created at schools across the world, seismic changes in education have not only resulted in a sudden transition in the way of instruction but the way of teachers' personal growth. Hence, this qualitative case design aims to examine the experiences of Turkish EFL instructors affiliated with foreign language units in higher education context partaking in a six-week professional development course based on asynchronous distance learning. To that end, their posts on the platform, reader discussions, and assignments uploaded onto the system besides individual semi-structured interviews were exploited as data gathering tools. The results speak to the positive impression of online course takers in terms of establishing interpersonal synergy, achieving personal growth, and promoting their content knowledge. Moreover, their post-training perspectives disclosed the support they sensed the need for professional and institutional issues. Though instructors detected some problems to be addressed in the course, their criticism functioned as suggestions to best shape similar further practices in addition to reforming the current training. Finally, some recommendations have been provided for scholars concentrating on studying within this field to create their future directions.

With the sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the education sector adopted distance and online learning through several web-based systems. Then, considerations of educational practitioners concerning these systems would be of pivotal significance for revealing the quality of online language education. Moreover, the challenges they encountered while conducting e-lessons and proposed solutions would lead to improvement in the systems and encourage other shareholders in the school system to determine a new route map in light of the results. To that end, 28 volunteer English language instructors from 14 universities were recruited to attend the interviews. Accordingly, negative considerations of the instructors about exploiting the systems in foreign language classes were detected. As conclusive results regarding the challenges and suggestions of the participants cannot be reported through a system-based analysis, system-independent offers were presented to policymakers and researchers. Finally, the researcher has drawn out a set of implications for future implementations.

Stress has been ranked among the prevalent definitions in education where teachers' time-limited duties, heavy workload, examinations, and potential administrative tasks are concerned and discussed. Particularly with the pandemic, some stress factors (or stressors), such as the sudden transition to online settings with an intense use of technology, have also seemed to impact educators' professional contentment. By taking that into account, this study set out to examine the strategies that English teachers and instructors use to cope with their perceived stress while speaking in online classes. To that end, 83 English teachers from different education levels in distinct regions of Turkey and 96 instructors affiliated with schools of foreign languages were included in the research. First, a questionnaire developed by the researcher was administered and then, interviews were conducted with eight participants in the second data collection round. Despite having encountered stress occasionally, the majority of the attendees counter-intuitively reported not feeling the severe strain of COVID-19. It was then found that they had adopted mostly functional, approach-oriented, and cognitive strategies in the face of perceived stress. Furthermore, the participants' adoption of approaches and avoidant styles in light of the brief COPE model also unearthed that they preferred cognitive strategies over behavioural ones. The educators' seniority, and ways of coping with stress, however, were not significantly correlated. Yet, their digital experiences were more effective in influencing their sense of stress. In light of the findings, some suggestions and implications have been offered to educators in terms of managing stress in synchronous virtual classes.

The COI gene region is the most commonly employed method for species identification in insects, as in all animals. The importance of DNA isolation methods is increasing, and they are of great importance for identifying insects. Unlike other large animals, DNA isolation from insects, especially from agricultural pests with very small structures, is possible with expensive commercial kits. In this study, an expensive commercial kit and a fast and economical method were compared in terms of time, cost, DNA quantity and quality. It was found that the success of commercial kits in terms of DNA quality and quantity is unquestionable. However, it was determined that the modified ‘quick and dirty’ method can be successfully used to extract DNA from insects and insect parts of all sizes, especially in studies that do not require long-term storage of DNA. Average isolation time for Q&D was 45 minutes, compared to 4 hours or more for commercial kits. Finally, cost is the most important factor in today’s global economy. The unit cost of DNA isolation using the Q&D method is approximately 88% lower.

Abstract Nine red macroalgae (Amphiroa rigida , Gracilaria bursa-pastoris, Gracilaria gracilis , Grateloupia torture, Jania rubens , Laurencia obtusa , Laurencia pyramidalis , Liagora viscida, and Pterocladiella capillaries) were collected from coastal waters of Türkiye, and their proximate, fatty acid, soluble carbohydrate, and mineral profiles were investigated in the present study. According to the results, the crude protein content of the samples was between 4% and 23.8%, and four of the samples (G. turuturu, L. obtusa, L. pyramidalis, and P. capillacea) contained more than 10% protein. The crude lipid content of all the samples was below 1.6%, and the total carbohydrate content was between 38.3% and 76.9%. The macroalgae samples were generally richer in saturated fatty acids, palmitic acid being the most abundant, whereas G. gracilis had the highest content of unsaturated fatty acids (55.8%). All samples exhibited high contents of myo-inositol or glucose. Also, the samples generally had a good composition of minerals. Still, the heavy metal (i.e., Pb and Cd) content of Gracilaria gracilis was higher (59.6 µg/kg, P

ABSTRACT: Background: Mind-body treatments have the potential to manage pain, yet their effectiveness when delivered online for the treatment of low back pain (LBP) is unknown. We sought to evaluate whether a virtually delivered mind-body program integrating tai chi, qigong, and meditation (VDTQM) is effective for treating LBP. Methods: This randomized controlled trial compared VDTQM (n=175) to waitlist control (n=175). Eligible participants were at least 18 years old, had LBP for at least 6 weeks, were not pregnant, had not previously taken tai chi classes, and had not undergone spine surgery within 6 months. The treatment group received a 12-week VDTQM program in live online 60-minute twice-weekly group classes from September 2022 to December 2022. All participants continued their usual activities and care. Primary outcome was pain-related disability assessed by the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score. Secondary outcomes included pain intensity, sleep quality, and quality of life (QOL). Intent-to-treat analyses were conducted. Results: Of the 350 participants 278 (79%) were female, mean age was 58.8 years (range: 21–92), 244 (69.7%) completed the 8-week survey, 248 (70.9%) the 12-week, and 238 (68%) the 16 -week. No participants withdrew due to adverse treatment effects. Compared with control group, treatment group experienced statistically and clinically significant improvement in ODI score by −4.7 (95% CI: −6.24 to −3.16, p

Reducing food and industrial waste is essential to match the novel objectives of sustainable living. In this context, grape pomace, a fiber-rich by-product of wine production, was used as a fiber supplement in yogurt after enriching its fiber content through preprocessing. Within the aim of this study, 0.5% and 1% grape pomace fiber were incorporated into yogurt, and the effect on physicochemical, microbial, and sensory quality was investigated. Throughout the 14-day storage period, no significant changes were observed in pH, acidity, and water holding capacity. The total mesophilic aerobic bacteria count ranged between 2-3 log.cfu/g, and the addition of fiber did not result in any undesirable alterations in these counts. Similarly, the fiber did not affect the counts of specific yogurt bacteria, which was 8-9 log.cfu/g. Moreover, sensory evaluations consistently resulted in scores above “5” for all products, with acidity rated level as moderate as expected for yogurt. There were no adverse effects on sensory quality concerning color, flavor, texture, acidity, and overall acceptability. In conclusion, fiber-enriched yogurt from wine waste is feasible without compromising product quality. This study is expected to contribute to the progress of current sustainable living goals.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate abuse and neglect in the elderly, its relationship with depression, and insight in those suspected of abuse and neglect. Methods: The population of the study consisted of 307 elderly individuals who applied to the outpatient clinics of Ondokuz Mayıs University Hospital, who could read, write and had no speech or comprehension problems. In addition to questions on sociodemographic characteristics; the Yesavage Geriatric Depression scale, Elder Abuse Suspicion index and a question about patients’ self-awareness of individual abuse-neglect were used as data collection tools. Results: The possibility of depression was higher in primary school graduates, those who lived with family members or caregivers, and those with chronic illness. Suspicion of abuse was higher in primary school graduates, those who lived with family members or caregivers, those who had no income of their own, those with chronic illness and those who were taking psychiatric medication. Among the cases with suspicion of abuse, 58.8% were of the opinion that they had not been abused (p

Background/Aims: Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) may associate with autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune liver diseases (AILD). However, both the IEI frequency and secondary effects of immunosuppressives are unknown in patients with AILD due to the lack of data. We aimed to evaluate the ratio of IEI in AILD. Materials and Methods: A total of 82 patients with AILD (39 autoimmune hepatitis, 32 primary biliary cholangitis, 7 variant syndromes (VS), and 4 primary sclerosing cholangitis patients) were included in this single-center, cross-sectional, and descriptive study. The patients were evaluated and classified according to diagnostic criteria for IEI. Results: Out of 82 patients with AILD, female/male ratio was 3.6. Median age of diagnosis of AILD was 45 years. We diagnosed 15 (18%) patients with immunodeficiency (ID). Inborn errors of immunity ratio was highest in VS patient group (29%). Out of 15 patients with ID, 4 (4.8%) patients had common variable immunodeficiency, 4 (4.8%) had partial immunoglobulin A deficiency, 4 (4.8%) had selective immunoglobulin M deficiency, and 3 (3.6%) had combined immunodeficiency. Conclusion: We detect ID in about one-fifth of the patients with AILD. The present study showed a significant risk of IEI that is blurred by the shadow of immune suppressive treatments. We suggest that the AILD patients with ID will benefit from the individualized and targeted therapeutic options used in IEI. Further research with larger patient groups and long-term follow-up are desperately needed to elucidate the diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic impacts of IEI-related individualized therapy on AILD patients.

The problem is that although the culture and language are blended, the linguistic elements sometimes roughly demonstrate cultural dimensions in translated products. In other words, a cultural translation usually demands an understanding of linguistic i.e. culturally bound terms and expressions as well as extra-linguistic elements including cultural ones. Since literature is a nation’s cultural resource, the issue becomes even more complicated when literary translation is being involved. To our knowledge, there is no original Panchatantra left in India and all we have today are translations in different languages. To this end, the Persian version has always been considered the source text since the book was first translated into Persian in 550 CE. Therefore, the English translation of the story Crow and Snake is selected from Panchatantra as the target text and investigated employing Bassnett and Lefevere’s (1992) Cultural Theory with a focus on interpretive Discourse Analysis (DA) as analytical frameworks. The Persian text is the translation of Monshi, reprinted in 2010 and the English translation was done by Ryder in 1925. The findings reveal that the relationship between language and culture still remains complicated, and yet the lack of cultural understanding among the translators leads to violation and distortion of the intended messages and meanings embedded in source texts. It is quite safe then to say that the lack of cultural knowledge highly influences the translation

Göksel Baktagir, günümüz Türk müziğine yaptığı katkılarla öne çıkan bir sanatçıdır. Eserleri ve kullanılan tekniklerle müziğin çeşitli alanlarında etkili olmuştur. Sadece kanun çalgısını değil, aynı zamanda diğer tüm çalgılar, çalgı eğitmenleri ve besteciler için de değerli bir kaynak oluşturmuştur. Baktagir'in eserlerinde kullandığı çeşitli teknikler, süslemeler ve makam çeşitliliği, Türk müziğine büyük ölçüde katkı sunmuştur. Göksel Baktagir, unutulmaya yüz tutmuş form çeşitlerinden olan longa ve sirtoyu makamsal, usul form ve süslemelerle zenginleştirerek tekrar gün yüzüne çıkarmıştır. Bu yaklaşım, Türk müziğinin tarihine saygı gösterirken aynı zamanda eski formları modern ve dinamik bir şekilde yeniden yorumlamayı başarmıştır.Bu çalışmada, Göksel Baktagir'in eserlerinin icracılara eserleri daha etkili bir şekilde yorumlama ve ifade etme konusunda rehberlik etme, yeni bestecilere de farklı müzikal perspektifler sunarak yaratıcılıklarını geliştirme hususunda yardımcı olması hedeflenmiştir. Nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılan bu çalışmada Göksel Baktagir’e ait 10 sirto ve 7 longa, bu sirto ve longaların referans kayıtlarıyla birlikte eserlerin icra makam ve form yönünden incelenmiş, süsleme ve teknikler açısından gerekli etütler önerilmiştir. Doküman incelemesi ile toplanan veriler analiz edilerek sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır.

This research has been planned in a descriptive way to examine the mother-father relationships of adolescents during the pandemic process. The data were collected with Personal Information Form and Adolescent-Mother, Father Relationship Inventory. T test, (ANOVA), Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney U test were used for analysis. The score average of the Mother, Father Relations Inventory filled out by adolescents for their mothers was 120.89 ± 21.68, and the average score of the Mother, Father Relations Inventory filled out by adolescents for their fathers was 136.65 ± 36.74. It was determined that the Adolescent-Mother, Father Relations Inventory scores for the mothers and fathers were statistically significant in terms of variables such as the mother-father relationship status before the pandemic, the effect of the pandemic on the mother-father relations, and family attitudes (p < 0.05). During the pandemic process, adolescents' mother-father relationships are interrupted and there are problems in their mother-father relationships.