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Incorporating writing into an economics course is a beneficial goal of economic educators. The potential benefits of using writing to enhance learning among economics students have been emphasized in the literature. Writing to Learn (WTL) is an act of using writing activities to help students think through key concepts presented in a course. The authors' objective in this article is to describe WTL activities that promote engagement, peer-to-peer learning, and active listening. This WTL strategy was born out of a desire to help students focus and learn in an online format during a particularly stressful time of the COVID-19 global pandemic. However, this strategy can be applied in all teaching formats: face-to-face, online or hybrid, and to both graduate and undergraduate students.

Flipped classrooms are by design highly interactive. As a result, formative assessment is a necessary component of the flipped classroom. Professors need to be able to assess students' in the class, use this assessment information to inform classroom activities in real time and personalize learning for their students. One way to integrate formative assessment in the flipped class is with the use of smartphones. This paper describes strategies used to effectively incorporate smartphones into the classroom to enhance teaching and learning. Examples of innovative teaching practices to improve student understanding and performance using a classroom response system app are provided. Ways to capitalize on the benefits and minimize distractions from smartphone use are discussed. Data from exit surveys administered to assess students' perception of mobile technology effectiveness in the classroom are also reported. Results suggest that using this technology enhances student understanding of course concepts. Using the strategies outlined in this paper, professors will gain insight into students' understanding of course materials and these insights could be used to guide current and future lesson plans.

This paper presents experimental and numerical results of butt friction stir welding of high density polyethylene. The FSW designed tool insulates the welded samples and preserves the heat gained from friction thus avoiding the appearance of blisters and splits after welding. The experimental tests, conducted according to combinations of process factors such as rotation speed, welding speed, pin diameter and hold time at beginning welding, were carried out according the Taguchi orthogonal table L27 in randomized way. Temperatures in the joint during the welding operation and flow stresses from the tensile tests of welded samples were measured and variances were analyzed. Identified models were used to simulate, by finite elements, the tensile tests performed on specimens having a weld cordon in their active area. The results show coherence between the numerical predictions and experimental observations in different cases of weld cordon mechanical behaviour.

As the healthcare industry has evolved over the years, so too has the administration of healthcare organizations. The signing into law of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) has brought additional changes to the healthcare industry that will require changes to the healthcare administration curriculum. The movement toward a vertically integrated delivery system for healthcare has demanded that healthcare executives have a new set of skills and competencies. These competencies include management skills across hospitals, ancillary providers, physician practices, ambulatory settings, as well as skills in risk management and quality. Healthcare organizations can transform healthcare delivery through the power of technology and systems oriented care. This will require a new type of healthcare executive with new skill sets. This paper examines the skill sets of leaders of some of the leading integrated delivery systems in the United States through key interviews with twelve top executives. Based upon those interviews, c-suite executives in large healthcare systems were surveyed to identify the core competencies of the successful healthcare executive of the future and the graduate education requirement needed to achieve those competencies. The results of the study are used to provide suggestions on how the curricula of healthcare administration programs can be revamped.

We first recall the construction of a twisted pre-Lie algebra structure on the species of finite connected topological spaces. Then, we construct a corresponding non-coassociative permutative (NAP) coproduct on the subspecies of finite connected T 0 topological spaces, i.e. finite connected posets, and we prove that the vector space generated by isomorphism classes of finite posets is a free pre-Lie algebra and also a cofree NAP coalgebra. Furthermore, we give an explicit duality between the non-associative permutative product and the proposed NAP coproduct. Finally, we prove that the results in this paper remain true for finite connected topological spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evolution of the behaviour of kaolinite-smectite mixtures was studied using mechanical and electrokinetic tests. Oedometric tests showed that the compression index of the mixtures increases with increasing smectite percentage and that the curves feature a double slope in the [log [[sigma].sub.v],e] (where [[sigma].sub.v] is the vertical mechanical stress and e is the void ratio) coordinate system when the percentage of smectite is strictly higher than 25%. Electrokinetic tests show that, of smectite the electrical conductivity and electro-osmotic flow tend towards that of the smectite. Measurements performed after the electrokinetic tests showed that the pH and conductivity are constant when the amount of smectite is lower than 25%. For higher smectite content, acidification of the medium is not totally obtained and the electrical conductivity is higher near the anode because of the slow diffusion of [H.sup.+] ions in the structure. The tests also highlight that the electro-osmotic permeability is affected by the hydraulic permeability, although the variation in electro-osmotic permeability remains small compared with that of hydraulic permeability. Additional keywords: electrical conductivity, electro-osmotic flow, pH., Introduction It is very difficult to investigate the evolution of the fabric of clays subjected to mechanical, chemical or biological treatment due to the variety of clays found in nature [...]