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1. Origin and Global Expansion of

Author

Yassir A, Shuaib, Christian, Utpatel, Thomas A, Kohl, Ivan, Barilar, Margo, Diricks, Nadia, Ashraf, Lothar H, Wieler, Glennah, Kerubo, Eyob A, Mesfin, Awa Ba, Diallo, Sahal, Al-Hajoj, Perpetua, Ndung'u, Margaret M, Fitzgibbon, Farzam, Vaziri, Vitali, Sintchenko, Elena, Martinez, Sofia O, Viegas, Yang, Zhou, Aya, Azmy, Khaled, Al-Amry, Sylvain, Godreuil, Mandira, Varma-Basil, Anshika, Narang, Solomon, Ali, Patrick, Beckert, Viola, Dreyer, Mwila, Kabwe, Matthew, Bates, Michael, Hoelscher, Andrea, Rachow, Andrea, Gori, Emmanuel M, Tekwu, Larissa K, Sidze, Assam A, Jean-Paul, Veronique P, Beng, Francine, Ntoumi, Matthias, Frank, Aissatou Gaye, Diallo, Souleymane, Mboup, Belay, Tessema, Dereje, Beyene, Sadiq N, Khan, Roland, Diel, Philip, Supply, Florian P, Maurer, Harald, Hoffmann, Stefan, Niemann, and Matthias, Merker

Subjects
Genotype, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Minisatellite Repeats, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Phylogeny
Published
2022

2. Origin and Global Expansion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Lineage 3

Author

Yassir A. Shuaib, Christian Utpatel, Thomas A. Kohl, Ivan Barilar, Margo Diricks, Nadia Ashraf, Lothar H. Wieler, Glennah Kerubo, Eyob A. Mesfin, Awa Ba Diallo, Sahal Al-Hajoj, Perpetua Ndung’u, Margaret M. Fitzgibbon, Farzam Vaziri, Vitali Sintchenko, Elena Martinez, Sofia O. Viegas, Yang Zhou, Aya Azmy, Khaled Al-Amry, Sylvain Godreuil, Mandira Varma-Basil, Anshika Narang, Solomon Ali, Patrick Beckert, Viola Dreyer, Mwila Kabwe, Matthew Bates, Michael Hoelscher, Andrea Rachow, Andrea Gori, Emmanuel M. Tekwu, Larissa K. Sidze, Assam A. Jean-Paul, Veronique P. Beng, Francine Ntoumi, Matthias Frank, Aissatou Gaye Diallo, Souleymane Mboup, Belay Tessema, Dereje Beyene, Sadiq N. Khan, Roland Diel, Philip Supply, Florian P. Maurer, Harald Hoffmann, Stefan Niemann, Matthias Merker, Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Supply, Philip

Subjects
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, MTBC, Lineage 3, back to Africa, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], [SDV.GEN.GPO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Genetics, [SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Genetics (clinical), Uncategorized
Abstract

International audience; Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) Lineage 3 (L3) strains are abundant in world regions with the highest tuberculosis burden. To investigate the population structure and the global diversity of this major lineage, we analyzed a dataset comprising 2682 L3 strains from 38 countries over 5 continents, by employing 24-loci mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number of tandem repeats genotyping (MIRU-VNTR) and drug susceptibility testing. We further combined whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and phylogeographic analysis for 373 strains representing the global L3 genetic diversity. Ancestral state reconstruction confirmed that the origin of L3 strains is located in Southern Asia and further revealed multiple independent introduction events into North-East and East Africa. This study provides a systematic understanding of the global diversity of L3 strains and reports phylogenetic variations that could inform clinical trials which evaluate the effectivity of new drugs/regimens or vaccine candidates.

Published
2022
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3. The Global Landscape of Pediatric Bacterial Meningitis Data Reported to the World Health Organization-Coordinated Invasive Bacterial Vaccine-Preventable Disease Surveillance Network, 2014-2019

Author

Asmaa Gamal, Mignon du Plessis, Dovile Videbaek, Stephanie B. Schwartz, Linda de Gouveia, Samaa El Gohary, James D. Heffelfinger, Gloria Rey-Benito, Josephine Logronio, Ben Howden, Carolina Duarte, Mohammad Sharifuzzaman, Joseph Nsiari-Muzeyi Biey, Jason M. Mwenda, Emmanuel Tondo, Yulia Urban, Annemarie Wasley, Hossam Abdel Rahman, Sebastien Antoni, Balaji Veeraraghavan, Sangoun Jung, Kamal Fahmy, Lucia de Oliveira, Claudia Ortiz, Fatima Serhan, Martin Antonio, Jayantha B. L. Liyanage, Elena Voropaeva, Shila Seaton, David Litt, Tomoka Nakamura, Aya Azmy, Samir K. Saha, Songmee Bae, Ekaterina Egorova, Danni S. Daniels, Adam L. Cohen, Simarjit Singh, Goitom Weldegebriel, Chris A. Van Beneden, Mahamoudou Ouattara, Anne von Gottberg, Mary P. E. Slack, Michelle Sait, Nyambat Batmunkh, Brenda Kwambana-Adams, Kimberly Fox, Varja Grabovac, Reggis Katsande, and Amany Ghoniem

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Neisseria meningitidis, medicine.disease_cause, Global Health, World Health Organization, Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, invasive bacterial disease, Haemophilus influenzae, Meningitis, Bacterial, Use of Surveillance Data, Pneumococcal Vaccines, Internal medicine, Vaccine-Preventable Diseases, Streptococcus pneumoniae, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Humans, Child, meningococcal, Disease surveillance, Vaccines, Conjugate, business.industry, Meningitis, Pneumococcal, Vaccination, vaccine preventable disease, Infant, meningitis, medicine.disease, pneumococcal, Bacterial vaccine, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, Infectious Diseases, AcademicSubjects/MED00290, Child, Preschool, surveillance, Vaccine-preventable diseases, business, Meningitis, Sentinel Surveillance, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) coordinates the Global Invasive Bacterial Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (IB-VPD) Surveillance Network to support vaccine introduction decisions and use. The network was established to strengthen surveillance and laboratory confirmation of meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis. Methods Sentinel hospitals report cases of children Results From 2014 through 2019, >137 000 suspected meningitis cases were reported by 58 participating countries, with 44.6% (n = 61 386) reported from countries in the WHO African Region. More than half (56.6%, n = 77 873) were among children Conclusions This multitier, global surveillance network has supported countries in detecting and serotyping the 3 principal invasive bacterial pathogens that cause pediatric meningitis. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common bacterial pathogen detected globally despite the growing number of countries that have nationally introduced PCV. The large proportions of deaths due to S. pneumoniae reflect the high proportion of meningitis cases caused by this pathogen. This global network demonstrated a strong correlation between PCV introduction status and reduction in the proportion of pneumococcal meningitis infections caused by vaccine serotypes. Maintaining case-based, active surveillance with laboratory confirmation for prioritized vaccine-preventable diseases remains a critical component of the global agenda in public health. The World Health Organization (WHO)-coordinated Invasive Bacterial Vaccine-Preventable Disease (IB-VPD) Surveillance Network reported data from 2014 to 2019, contributing to the estimates of the disease burden and serotypes of pediatric meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria meningitidis.

Published
2021

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