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Copyright of Análisis Filosófico is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Analisis Filosofico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

One of the greatest philosophical disputes in Germany in the latter half of the nineteenth century concerned the value of life. Following Arthur Schopenhauer, numerous philosophers sought to defend the provocative view that life is not worth living. A persistent objection to pessimism is that it is not really a philosophical theory at all, but rather a psychological state; a mood or disposition which is the product of socio-economic circumstance. A developed and influential version of this view was advanced in the 1870s by the English psychologist James Sully. Yet, as important as Sully's critique was for the pessimism dispute, it has been almost entirely overlooked in the history of philosophy. With some growing recent attention to nineteenth-century pessimism, this paper aims to reconstruct Sully's view, and what I argue is his primary argument for it in terms of the best explanation for an alleged historical correlation between pessimistic belief and social hardship in the form of frustrated ideals. The paper then presents and analyses some challenges to this argument, some of which are argued to have been at least partially anticipated in the nineteenth-century by the likes of Schopenhauer and Olga Plümacher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstractionists claim that the only bearers of intrinsic value are abstract, necessarily existing states of affairs. I argue that abstractionism cannot succeed. Though we can model concrete goods such as lives, projects, and outcomes with abstract states, conflating models of goods with the goods themselves has surprising and unattractive consequences. I suggest that concrete states of affairs or facts are the only bearers of intrinsic value. I show how this proposal can overcome the concerns lodged against abstractionism and, in the process, reconnect us with the good. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Communitarian thought could be a noteworthy alternative to the prevailing moral-political realities established by liberal assumptions and presuppositions, as its interpretations on issues it broaches in the realms of being, knowledge, and value indicate. However, it is not entirely accurate to say that communitarianism is examined as an alternative to liberal thought in the literature. The role assigned to it is more so to serve as a corrective that moderates the extremes of liberal thought. This article aims to reinterpret communitarianism not as a corrective of liberalism, but as an alternative thought system to it. The main contention of the article is that, just like liberalism, communitarianism can indeed be read as a standalone political philosophy. This claim is sought to be grounded in the article by the existence of a unique philosophical foundation from which the criticisms of communitarian thinkers toward liberalism also emerge and are nourished - in other words, the fundamental premises and assumptions that make the communitarian critique “communitarian”. In this context, rather than focusing on the critiques of communitarians against liberalism, the article offers an examination that reveals the ontological, epistemological, and axiological foundations of communitarian thought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Midwifery & Health Sciences is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article offers a comparative analysis of the semantic and pragmatic characteristics of the types of play relations in the linguistic world view of non-closely related languages. It involves identifying similarities and differences in the play expression of the category of relations in English and Italian languages. The purpose of the study is a more detailed understanding of the category of relations in the behavioral aspect based on lexemes expressing the concept of play in unrelated languages. The relevance and theoretical novelty of the linguistic analysis of play relations is due to the lack of comparative studies on this issue based on the material of the Italian and English languages in the behavioral aspect. We introduce the concept of observer: the subject of perception and interpretation (ObserverP) and the subject of perception (ObserverA), as an interpreter of types of play relations as a linguistic research tool. The result of the study of the types of play relations is the analysis of lexical units as markers of play behavior in the semiotic and axiological aspects. Analysis of the definitions of lexemes of the compared languages, recorded in dictionaries, showed that, depending on the type of play relations, certain differences appear in the axiological aspect, and, subsequently, manifest themselves in the contexts. In Italian language, a negative assessment is much less common than a positive one when deciphering the semiotics of play behavior. In English language, playful relations reflect the intentions of transferring real behavioural actions into the play; in Italian language, they embellish real behavioral actions. A comparative analysis of language material makes it possible to clearly identify and demonstrate similarities and differences in the understanding and expression of play behavior using material of non-closely related languages.

Objective: Philosophy contributes to the formation of new strategies by affecting the development of questioning ability. Philosophy should be utilized to question the current situation and develop new strategies in midwifery. The study analyzes the midwifery profession according to the fields of philosophy, ontology, epistemology, and axiology.Methods: The qualitative type of research is conducted between May 20, 2021, and August 30, 2021. The research is carried out with 12 participants who were selected by the maximum diversity sampling technique. The data are collected face-to-face with the participant information form and the semi-structured interview form. The data recorded during the interview is evaluated thematically through content analysis.Results: In the research, three themes are identified: professional health discipline from an ontological point of view; development of midwifery knowledge and practices from an epistemological point of view; and professional and individual values from an axiological point of view.Conclusion: In this study, it is stated that the midwifery profession is essential and sacred, that it should have professional knowledge and updated literature, and that women should be with them every period since birth.

This research article discusses a new paradigm in smart system development using the 4-layer framework and activity theory from the perspectives of ontology, epistemology, and axiology. The study aims to understand how this paradigm can influence the development of smart systems and provide insights into its theoretical and practical implications. The 4-layer modern system comprises instrumentation, information systems, business intelligence, and gamification, which are the core components of a smart system. Each layer plays a crucial role in data collection, information processing, business analysis, and gamification implementation at the top layer. The integration of these layers forms a solid foundation for the development of efficient and innovative smart systems. In addition, activity theory is utilized to analyze the interactions among users, technology, and the environment within the context of smart systems. From an ontology standpoint, this research views smart systems as complex socio-technical entities involving human, technological, and process aspects. In terms of epistemology, a multidisciplinary approach is employed to combine knowledge from areas such as computer science, information systems, and human-computer interaction. In the realm of axiology, this study recognizes the ethical values and social implications that must be considered in the development and implementation of smart systems. By integrating the new smart system paradigm using the 4-layer modern systems and activity theory, this research contributes to the understanding of the dynamics and development potential of smart systems. The results of this study can provide guidance for practitioners, researchers, and decision-makers in developing more effective, efficient, and user-oriented smart systems in various contexts.

The aim of this study is to explore the media representation of tutoring as a phenomenon within pedagogical discourse. An analysis of a thematic corpus of texts reveals that the imported concept of TUTORING acquires new conceptual features that reflect the linguistic and cultural specificity of its interpretation in the Russian-speaking media landscape. Distinctive characteristics of the media representation of the conceptual education of TUTOR are established in comparison with traditional pedagogical professions and its definition in professional standards. It is demonstrated that in the Russian-speaking media discourse, tutoring is perceived by the professional discursive community as a profession of the future, tasked with shaping individuals capable of addressing the global challenges of modernity. Evaluative characteristics of the phenomenon of TUTORING are identified, reflecting its perception by both the professional discursive community and a broader readership. In the former case, positive evaluations prevail, characterized by notions of ‘assistance’ and ‘support’; in the latter, negative evaluative traits emerge, associated with skepticism towards tutoring. Figurative-perceptual characteristics of tutoring are presented, expressed through metaphorical strategies based on source domains such as “Sport,” “Journey,” and “Nature.” The study of the phenomenon of tutoring underscores the significance of the discursive factor in understanding the concept.

This article contains a comparative analysis of the axiological component in phraseological units with the color name red in Russian and Persian linguistic cultures. Phraseological units with color names are numerous in both languages and represent a microsystem united by the semantics of color, the components of which enter into intralingual and interlingual relationships of full or partial equivalence, synonymy, homonymy, or antonymy. The research objective was to compare figurative meanings of the color component in phraseology of the two different languages on the basis of culture linguistics and axiological analysis. The study provided an insight into the national mentality of the two peoples, which emerged as such under the influence of historical events, climate, religion, traditions, and values. The research material included 53 Russian and 20 Persian phraseological units. Both worldviews demonstrated an axiological component in the idioms with color name red, as well as a binary axiological opposition. In Russian, it demonstrated a positive meaning (66%) whereas in Persian it had a mostly negative meaning (80%). In Russian, the color red had a positive meaning in such categories as beauty; respect, festivity; holiday, fun; especially valuable; oratory; the key thing, the beginning; achievement; response action; embarrassment. Categories with negative meaning included beauty; timidity, shyness; oratory; limit, danger; fire; aggression; response action; shame. In Persian phraseology, positive meaning was detected in such categories as appearance; embarrassment; preserving one’s dignity, appeal. The negative categories included change in complexion; troubles; limit, danger; anger, irritation; duplicity; obstruction; cruelty; bad consequences. In addition, 19% of Russian phraseological units were classified as neutral and belonged to the categories of trade, revolution, and communism. The method of lexical-axiological analysis makes it possible to use the results in teaching general linguistics, Russian, Persian, translation, and comparative typology, as well as in in lexicographic practice.

The development of science and technology as a digital world provides opportunities and challenges, one of which is the moral crisis for the younger generation, especially students who are agents of change, which means changing from bad things to good. This, of course, cannot be separated from the role and contribution of lecturers in instilling character in their students. So the purpose of this study is to describe the Contribution of Lecturers in Improving Student Ethics and Morals in the Digital Age According to an Axiological Perspective. The method used was a literature review, while the data was collected using careful observation techniques and then the contents were analyzed and finally concluded. The results of the study show that the Contribution of Lecturers in Improving Student Ethics and Morale in the Digital Age According to an Axiological Perspective includes instilling ethical and moral values, providing good examples and role models, implementing an integrated curriculum, wise use of technology, providing opportunities for discussion and reflection, providing feedback behind that builds, becomes a place for stories for students, and finally supports social activities.

The monograph is devoted to the issues of linguaculturology, linguasemiotics and discourse studies. It consists of four thematic sections: linguaconceptology, narratology, discourse science and the section devoted to the study of the axiological properties of nominations. Comprehension of linguacultural concepts is carried out on the basis of existence forms – peaceful life and competition, natural and artifactual objects – desert, swamp, train station and bazaar, as well as atmospheric and biological phenomena – fog and blood. The narratology issues are studied on the basis of the allegorical interpretation of the plots of Russian, Armenian and Kalmyk fairy tales, fairy tales of the Bantu peoples, the axiology of anime, fairy, the axiology of life and death in a poetic text. The properties of discourse are considered through its symbolic, fascinative, desiderative and optative, destructive and comic characteristics, as well as through the evaluative specificity of pedagogical and educational discourses. The nomination properties are studied in terms of communicative restrictions and taboos, gender asymmetry of pejorative vocabulary, asymmetry of partial quality and characteristics of low-quality artifacts. The monograph is meant for philologists and a wide range of researchers developing the fundamentals of an integral human science.

The article presents the results of the analysis of neological units obtained by continuous sampling from the Russian political blogs, the authors of which are not professional politicians, but they support the current political course of the Russian Federation. These new words show changes in society thus becoming a way of creative understanding of the real world. Neologisms belong to the category of words that have high linguistic activity, which is conveyed by their expressiveness and axiology. The appearance of lexical nominations is an act of giving value to the objects they reflect introducing them into the space of social relevance. Having examined the features of political blogs an important component of which are comments to them, the authors identified 65 neological units, which were divided into four semantic groups: neologisms-toponyms; neologisms-antroponyms; neologisms-ethnonyms; neologisms denoting real or potential opponents of the Russian Federation. The analysis showed the agonism of Russian political blogs in which any opponent of the course of the Russian Federation is endowed with exclusively negative characteristics and is an object of ridicule. The positive evaluation can be traced only in a small number of neologisms-nicknames denoting foreign supporters of the Russian Federation or the first person of the state. All neological units under study, except for neologisms-toponyms, denote a person or group of people and are nouns. Having analyzed the word formation methods of the neological units under study, the authors identified affixation, telescoping and metathesis as the most productive models. Neological units formed with the help of telescopy have a pronounced negative connotation due to their uncertain semantic meaning. The analysis made it possible not only to identify new units and their evaluation in Russian political blogs but also to determine their role in the blog text, which consists in the verbal destruction of anyone who does not share the point of view of the blog’s author.

Nowadays there is a need to actualise scientific research, in which axiological analysis of philological phenomena is one of the priorities. This analysis allows to give the research an ethicalphilological perspective, the relevance of which is conditioned by the selection of those components which are connected with ontological ethical values. The interiorisation of these values in the individual’s consciousness contributes to the effective humanisation of the person’s consciousness. The aim of the study is to identify ontological ethical values in C.T. Aitmatov’s novels, presented in the form of semantic-semiotic invariant paradigms and their variable connotative components. At the level of semiotics the images-symbols as basic concepts are considered, at the level of semantics the spiritual and moral dominants of the axiosphere of these novels are revealed as part of lexemes and phrases. The material of the research was the conceptosphere of Ch.T. Aitmatov’s novels “And the Day Lasts Longer than a Century” and “The Scaffold”, represented by basic images-symbols, as well as the lexico-phrase layer of the novels “Cassandra’s Brand” and “When Mountains Fall (The Eternal Bride)”, which contains concepts that act as spiritual and moral dominants of the works. The article uses the method of theoretical poetics, axiological, descriptive and linguocultural methods, method of contextual analysis, semiotic analysis, linguocognitive approach was also applied. Results . Basic figurative and symbolic concepts in the novels “And the Day Lasts Longer than a Century” and “The Scaffold” and the semantic model of spiritual and moral dominants in the novels “Cassandra’s Brand” and “When Mountains Fall (The Eternal Bride)” have an unconditional humanistic character, reflecting the depth of spiritual and moral revelations of Ch.T. Aitmatov. These concepts and dominants constitute the ideological and moral core of the novels, being unconditional existential ideals that determine the vectors of moral and humanistic development of the individual and humanity as a whole. Conclusion : the study of the semantic-semiotic paradigm of the dominants of axiosphere of Ch.T. Aitmatov’s novels in the aspects of image-symbolic concepts and semantic model of spiritual and moral values allows to reveal the essence of the author’s ideal, to pay attention to its humanely educating character.

The paper presents an analysis and interpretation of axiology and ethics as seen by the writer and philosopher Ayn Rand. The author follows the assumption that, in a situation where indifference is observed with regard to values (cf. Simmel, Sloterdijk), a return of philosophical reasoning to the idea of objectivity of values could be worthwhile. Therefore, he examines a specific type of axiological objectivism that can be found in Rand’s work. In the present paper, the suggested comparison with Baden neo-Kantism as well as phenomenological axiology serves to capture the specifics of Rand’s axiological approach. These lie in placing emphasis on such a relationship between facts and values in which values result from the facts of reality, as well as in the very understanding of the objectivity of values that Rand identifies with long-term life goals and identifies them as an objective necessity for an individual’s life. Following the analysis of Rand’s axiology, the author focuses on her understanding of ethics, which he places in contrast to Kant’s deontology, as well as morality, which he views through the prism of a business relationship based on the exchange of values. The aim of the paper is to, by means of an analysis and interpretation of Rand’s ideas, show that objective values can be understood as a necessary prerequisite for consequential ethics and an individual living a happy life without being anchored in transcendence or social consensus.

This research article discusses a new paradigm in smart system development using the 4-layer framework and activity theory from the perspectives of ontology, epistemology, and axiology. The study aims to understand how this paradigm can influence the development of smart systems and provide insights into its theoretical and practical implications. The 4-layer modern system comprises instrumentation, information systems, business intelligence, and gamification, which are the core components of a smart system. Each layer plays a crucial role in data collection, information processing, business analysis, and gamification implementation at the top layer. The integration of these layers forms a solid foundation for the development of efficient and innovative smart systems. In addition, activity theory is utilized to analyze the interactions among users, technology, and the environment within the context of smart systems. From an ontology standpoint, this research views smart systems as complex socio-technical entities involving human, technological, and process aspects. In terms of epistemology, a multidisciplinary approach is employed to combine knowledge from areas such as computer science, information systems, and human-computer interaction. In the realm of axiology, this study recognizes the ethical values and social implications that must be considered in the development and implementation of smart systems. By integrating the new smart system paradigm using the 4-layer modern systems and activity theory, this research contributes to the understanding of the dynamics and development potential of smart systems. The results of this study can provide guidance for practitioners, researchers, and decision-makers in developing more effective, efficient, and user-oriented smart systems in various contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the values associated with pedagogical training and the differences in value preferences among students based on gender in institutions in the central-southern area of Chile. The objective of the research was to analyse the values associated with pedagogical training and the differences in value preferences according to the gender of students in universities in the central-southern area of Chile. Design/Methodology/Approach: The methodology used in the study is quantitative and descriptive. The study sample consisted of 437 students from Chilean universities. The information was collected using a standardized instrument called the adapted values test. Findings: The results indicated a clear preponderance in the categories of moral, ecological, individual, affective and bodily values. Political and moral values were not particularly taken into consideration. Significant differences were found concerning gender. Females achieve higher mean scores than males except in instrumental values. Conclusions: The results show the educational needs of future teachers in terms of axiological training from a gender perspective. Practical Implications: Identifying and analyzing the axiological structure of students and teachers in private and public universities in Chile will allow proposing value education in the curricular plans of future teachers. On the other hand, the values transmitted by teachers are different which implies the development of pedagogical training programs that strengthen gender differences as an instance of cultural equity. Contribution to the Literature: This research underscores the importance of value education in teacher training programs and explains how university students perceive them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

В данной статье рассматриваются языковые маркеры аксиологической шкалы З. Прилепина на материале постов его официального телеграм-канала, который писатель ведет от своего имени, что позволяет сделать выводы об аксиологической шкале автора. В статье использованы посты, посвященные культуре, без обращения к политической сфере, поскольку данная сфера, по нашему мнению, заслуживает отдельного рассмотрения. Рассматривая ценности, транслируемые З. Прилепиным, авторы приходят к выводу о том, что главной ценностью писателя является патриотизм, который проявляется в таких аспектах как культура, вера и жизненные ценности, каждый из которых также включает в себя подаспекты: история, христианские традиции, дружба, семья и др.

The purpose of this article is to determine the objectives of public finance law, which is part of financial law. The research problem is to answer the question of whether the findings regarding the objectives of a given branch of law can be useful in developing the specific axiology for that very branch of law. The article proves the hypothesis that the objectives of public finance law are closely linked to the protection of public values to be true. Hence, it was considered particularly expe­dient to apply axiological analysis of law to the study of axiological issues of financial policy, which plays a secondary role in relation to economic and social policy.

Objectives The aim of the work is to look at the spiritual aspect of human life in the era of computerization of life, which is certainly one of the greatest achievements of human reason; which brings about a breakthrough in the lives of individuals and the entire human community. The fascination with the product is so great that it blurs the cold calculation of profits and costs and common sense action within the boundaries of safety, including the spiritual one. Curiosity stimulates fantasy, which raises questions and anxiety. The ubiquity and indispensability of IT amazes people. But what about the risk of complete "immersion" in technology and at the same time "detaching" ourselves from the essence - indeed spiritual, but real dimension - of humanity? Material and methods The work uses materials published by domestic and foreign authors and Church documents. Results Electronic media are therefore a new plane of human activity, also in the sphere of spiritual intimacy. Through easier access to sources, through the possibility of direct and personal contact, they allow you to search, receive and analyze a variety of content, but they cannot directly force you to learn it. This can be perceived as a threat to traditional forms of transmitting and teaching about values and religion. And that's probably true, but it also creates an opportunity to reach with this message where until recently it was quite impossible. Conclusions Electronic media are a plane of activity, also in the sphere of spiritual intimacy. They allow you to search, receive and analyze a variety of content, including religious ones. They may pose a specific threat to traditional forms of transmitting and teaching about values and religion or a platform for their transmission and propagation.

The article shows how Yu. N. Bartenev influenced the work of poetess A. I. Gotovtseva. Bartenev appears as a bright, multifaceted, and contradictory person. The article proves that Gotovtseva’s communication with Bartenev became one of the significant factors in her creative self-determination and artistic development. The poetic messages of Gotovtseva to Bartenev were created at different times but indicate that the mentor’s influence on the poetess has not weakened over the years. The article notes that Bartenev’s trace in Gotovtseva’s poetry is also represented in latent form. As an example of such a representation, we consider Gotovtseva’s poems, which refer to the personality and work of A. P. Khvostova, who is part of Bartenev’s closest spiritual circle (“Khvostova, the new Prometheus...” and “Fireplace”). The article demonstrates that Bartenev’s influence largely shaped Gotovtseva’s literary taste and determined the peculiarities of her axiology and poetics.

Evaluativists hold that psychiatric disorders have a factual and evaluative dimension and recognize that psychiatric patients have an active role in shaping their symptoms, influencing the development of their disorders, and the outcome of psychiatric therapy. This is reflected in person-centered approaches that explicitly consider the role of values in psychiatric conceptualization, classification, and decision-making. In this respect, in light of the recent partnership between Fulford’s value-based practice (VBP), and Stanghellini’s phenomenological-hermeneutic-dynamical (P.H.D) psychotherapy method, this paper presents a comparative analysis of two person-centered approaches to psychiatric care currently discussed within the literature. I claim that while these approaches share some core ideas, they also present important divergences concerning their axiological underpinnings, which could potentially compromise their partnership. In particular, by exploring their theoretical, practical, and ethical dimensions, I show that these models have different conceptions of what values are, which, in turn, affect their understanding of how values relate to the person and how clinicians can identify them. Finally, I argue that although Fulford’s and Stanghellini’s approaches are prima facie compatible and complementary, developing a “combined analytic-plus-phenomenological form of values-based practice” should address fundamental conceptual issues if it is to become a consistent and coherent method for psychiatric care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the article is to investigate the cultural potential of civil society institutions and their axiological manifestation in modern society. The research methodology involves the application of the principles of objectivity, historicism, as well as the use of an interdisciplinary approach and a set of methods: analytical, cultural, which will allow to comprehensively investigate the outlined topic and obtain relevant work results. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time the issue of civil society institutions is considered in terms of their culturally creative potential and axiological intentions, and their main development trends at the current stage are outlined. Conclusions. Institutions of civil society contribute to the construction of a fairer, more democratic and inclusive society through their value orientation. They support the development of civic consciousness, contribute to the preservation of cultural diversity and work to solve social problems. Due to their active position and activities, civil society institutions have an influence on the formation of public opinion on cultural issues and can be important participants in the process of cultural policy development, often acting as independent experts and lobbyists for the interests of cultural communities. The cultural potential of civil society institutions is multifaceted and important for the sustainable development of society. Thanks to their activities, civil society institutions not only preserve and popularize cultural heritage, but also contribute to the development of new cultural forms, support of cultural diversity and protection of cultural rights. Thus, the axiological aspect of the activity of civil society institutions is key to understanding their impact on society and significance in the modern world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Evaluation theories depicted as a five-branch tree reflect the assumptions of the postpositivist, constructivist, pragmatic, transformative, and Indigenous paradigms. A tree is useful because it provides a quick and clear way to show that different assumptions lead to different methodological decisions. Purpose: The purpose is to explore the advantages and limitations of using a five-branch tree to depict evaluation theory and to consider alternative visualizations. Setting: The theoretical literature of evaluation. Intervention: Not applicable. Intervention: Not applicable. Data Collection and Analysis: The work of Alkin and Christie on the evaluation theory tree was reviewed, along with the visualizations of transformative evaluator Mertens and the Indigenous scholar Bagele Chilisa. Findings: The representation of evaluation theory as a fivebranch tree is limited because it does not show interrelationships among the paradigms. An ocean current visualization could accomplish that task, but it might not be a familiar concept for some populations. Evaluators need to check with stakeholders to ensure the visualizations that are used are viewed as useful to their purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the presented work is to reveal the scientific and methodological potential of a new concept of "value intelligence". Achieving this goal caused necessity to solve a number of problem tasks: to outline the content of value intelligence, to demonstrate the theoretical prerequisites for conceptualizing this type of intelligence to substantiate the meaning of value intelligence for modern axiology;) to present the interdisciplinary nature of value intelligence. The methodological basis of the research is determined by its theoretical nature and predicts the use of general theoretical and analytical methods of scientific research in combination with historical and systemic approaches that provide the opportunity to solve the formulated scientific tasks. The first part of the article indicates that value intelligence is a characteristic of human consciousness and appears as a specific cognitive quality of the individual. At the same time, value intelligence, which implies the presence of certain skills and abilities, is a dynamic phenomenon and correlates with a certain social and cultural space, its values and value hierarchies in its development. In accordance with the logic of our research, the second part of this research is focused on the philosophical and theoretical connection of value intelligence with important concepts of modern science: "social intelligence" and "emotional intelligence". The article also determines the importance of value intelligence for modern axiology and substantiates the position that ideas developed within the limits of axiological knowledge can be implemented in various fi elds precisely with the help of the concept of "value intelligence". Th is position is based on the thesis about the normative and constructive content of values for the personality and society. At the fi nal stage of the research, the specifi c status of value intelligence and its belonging to the spheres of axiology and pedagogics are shown, since the specifi ed type of intelligence is a complex integral formation, the important elements of which are cognitive, motivational and activity components. As a result, the research states the phenomenon of intelligence and its various forms as a trend of modern social and humanistic knowledge deserves special attention, it is possible to introduce the concept of "value intelligence", which is based on the idea of the multiplicity of manifestations of the phenomenon of intelligence, the importance of value intelligence for adequate and eff ective response to the challenges of the social and natural environment, the need for the synthesis of axiological knowledge and pedagogical practice for the eff ective formation of value intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article critically reflects on the research portfolio by the ecological economist Clive Spash who has helped pinpoint specific and systemic blindspots in a political-economic system that prioritises myopic development trajectories divorced from ecological reality. Drawing on his published work and collaborations it seeks to make sense of the slow, or absent, progress in averting global warming and ecological destruction. Three strands of key concern and influence are identified and discussed with reference to their orientation and explicit expression regarding Ontology, Epistemology and Axiology. Some complementary points about indeterminacy and holism are presented to further strengthen the arguments for a transition towards a social-ecological economic system that puts values and principles back into focus. While Clive Spash's work has made a strong case within the economic community and appealing to ecology professionals, the value-myopia or value-vacuum has to be tackled across all disciplines, politics and society for a meaningful and urgently required transformation in decision making. Hence, the article finishes with some suggestions for the (higher) education system, and highlights the importance of simplicity and sufficiency, as well as strong sustainability-driven citizen and community action as necessary catalysts of change in this social-ecological transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Philosophy, Culture & Political Science is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As AI becomes more commonplace, it is imperative to investigate the ways in which this technology represents various socio-political concepts and identities, such as religion. To do so, we present several conversations with various AI tools on three religious traditions: Judaism, Islam, and Christianity. From our analysis of these conversations, we noted three important elements: AI struggles to represent complex religious issues; It emphasized diversity of opinions; And it encourages the reader to engage with respect and sensitivity regrading religious issues. We therefore suggest that AI takes an axiologically focused approach towards religious representations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes a sketch of a new theory of wisdom based on the tree of philosophy (TOP) model. It is argued that philosophy—love of wisdom—has developed branches over the millennia that reflect the different aspects of thought and action that need to be considered in a comprehensive theory of wisdom. Although there is not a full consensus on what these branches are, the TOP usually has as branches, at minimum, metaphysics—including epistemology and ontology—and ethics, logic, aesthetics, hermeneutics, and axiology. Each of these branches is considered, and its implications for a philosophically based theory of wisdom are considered. Whereas some other theories of wisdom attempt to synthesize recent psychological attempts to understand wisdom, the TOP theory attempts to synthesize the contribution of millennia of philosophical inquiry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evaluation theories depicted as a five-branch tree reflect the assumptions of the post-positivist, constructivist, pragmatic, transformative, and Indigenous paradigms. A tree is useful because it provides a quick and clear way to show that different assumptions lead to different methodological assumptions. However, evaluation theory as a five-branch tree is limited because it does not show interrelationships between the paradigms. An ocean current visualization could accomplish that task, but it might not be a familiar concept for some populations. Evaluators need to check with stakeholders to ensure the visualizations that are used are viewed as useful to their purposes.

A light form of value realism is defended according to which objective properties of comparison objects make value comparisons true or false. If one object has such a better-making property and another lacks it, this is sufficient for the truth of a corresponding value comparison. However, better-making properties are only necessary and usually not sufficient parts of the justifications of value comparisons. The account is not reductionist; it remains consistent with error-theoretic positions and the view that there are normative facts.

The achievements of contemporary medicine, application of advanced technologies and comprehensive therapeutic and diagnostic investigations are not limited to broadening the range of professional opportunities for pediatric surgeons but also require further rationalization of the axiological discourse of medical deontology. Purpose. The article aims at theoretical and methodological substantiation of the axiological principles of medical deontology in pediatric surgery. The theoretical and methodological foundation of the scientific research includes the theory of creative development and self-improvement of an individual, the theory of education and personal development in changing socio-cultural conditions, concepts of humanization of education, conceptual approaches to the general theory of activity and philosophical theories of values. The professional activities of medical workers in pediatric surgery inevitably include the process and result of a deontological dominant, manifested in the profound understanding by the medical experts of their professional and human duties, and in a high moral and ethical responsibility for the quality of their professional activities. Conclusions. Philosophy and axiology constitute the worldview and methodological basis of medical deontology, particularly in surgery. The genesis of knowledge about moral and ethical principles and the professional duty of a pediatric surgeon is presented in the form of a logical chain: philosophy - axiology - deontology - medical deontology - deontology in surgery - deontology in pediatric surgery. The process of forming the deontological competence of medical professionals in pediatric surgery will be successful if the organization of deontological training for future healthcare providers is based on principles of humanism, in compliance with the requirements of the social environment, and implemented in the educational process through a productive mechanism. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.

An axiology as a theory of values takes an important place not only in general philosophy but in legal philosophy as well. Jurisprudence and law cannot ultimately be axiologically neutralised since the relationship between law and values is of a primary, eternal, necessary and immanent character. The author discusses this phenomenon on the example of Gustav Radbruch’s legal philosophy. In his opinion when one writes about Radbruch as a philosopher of law, one should make five very important reservations: firstly, Radbruch was a representative of Neo-Kantianism; secondly, it was not Neo-Kantianism ‘in general’, but a specific variant called Baden Neo-Kantianism (south-German, Heidelberg-based); thirdly, Radbruch was not a philosopher ‘in general’, as he was interested in Neo-Kantianism transplanted to the philosophy of law; fourthly, we may currently notice a great comeback of the philosophy of Kant (e.g. J. Habermas, J. Rawls, O. Höffe), but this phenomenon should be precisely distinguished from Neo-Kantianism as the temporally and spatially determined philosophical direction of the fin de siècle period; fifthly, if one can even speak of some kind of axiological turning point in the evolution of Radbruch’s philosophical views, it is 1933 rather than 1945.

The article considers the experience economy (the economy of impressions) in the prism of its dependence and interdependence on the cultural and value paradigms of modern society. The relevance of the research is determined by the novelty of the analysis of the concept in relation to modern social axiology. The purpose of the article is to analyze the structure-forming elements of the experience economy in its correlation with cultural and value paradigms. The scope of the research includes the formulation of the principles of the experience economy as an important element of the service sector based on a customized approach to the client, consideration of its conceptual characteristics, as well as the analysis of the value-ethical component of this objective socioeconomic phenomenon inherent to post-industrial society. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the author's interpretation of this relatively modern marketing approach. The essence of the experience economy, its functions and basic principles are analyzed. The reasons for its increasing importance as a socio-humanitarian component contributing to sustainable development are discussed since that is especially relevant in the current conditions when the ontological, axiological and ethical aspects of the society are being reinterpreted. The importance of considering the values of different customer generations to form impressions and experiences is emphasized. The working principles of the experience economy are considered. In the course of the research, general scientific methods were used: in particular, integrative and systemic approaches, to allow the identification of the essential content of the marketing element; structural and functional approach, allowing for the exploration of the structure and functions of the experience economy; socio-cultural approach, in order to examine the characteristics of the phenomenon and its impact on the system of interaction between the brand and the consumer; as well as axiological approach, which allow for the identification of value orientations and attitudes in their correlations with social axiology. The prospects of the experience economy as a factor contributing to sustainable development from the point of view of its impact on the consumer behavior and society are analyzed. The research indicates the emergence of a new paradigm of sociocultural experience based on co-creation and acquisition of a unique collective experience. The increasing importance of growing social capital by doing work for public causes is emphasized. Specificities of the economy of impressions are described and its core concepts systematized. The author concludes that the economy of impressions is a response to the value orientations of millennials to modern challenges which determines their consumer behavior.

This work begins with a simple premise: (re)imagining a healing and restorative space for inquiry. Drawing on the work of John H. Stanfield II (2006), who first suggested the restorative functions of qualitative inquiry, this manuscript forms the basis for an axiologically-actuated conceptual model, restorative validity, which asks what it would take to (re)humanize researcher and researched alike. Beginning with the knowledge of co-researchers in our collective, the formulation of this framework was organized to understand the importance of orienting our research and ourselves toward relationships, justice, and liberation. After this review, I discuss a series of reflexive questions, rooted in the trans-disciplinarity of restorative justice, which researchers and practitioners can use to consider the potential and real harms in/from inquiry. By unsettling expertise and examining the implicit intersection of validity and ethics, I question: What would it take to be part of a research project that leaves those involved feeling greater than how we have all been defined? What happens when we do not question what our research does for/ to us and our participants, especially when it spurs intellectual debate with little benefit in the way of peace, justice, or healing of past traumas and loss? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work's aim was to investigate what verbal means are used by English-speaking Twitter accounts to describe the pandemic while focusing on extralinguistic factors that are the primary catalysts for linguistic transformations in society. A critical discourse analysis of the lexeme 'Covid-19' and words accompanying it was applied. A total of 1736 English-language tweets (6844 lexical units) posted during March to April 2020 were selected for the analysis. Functional discourse analysis allowed systematising and commenting on sampling results as well as provided the opportunity to make the following conclusions. In tweets, the lexeme 'Covid-19' is combined not only with the actual name of the virus. This lexeme became a productive ground for derivation into various linguistic structures: substantive word combinations, abbreviations, neologisms and anthropomorphic metaphors. The research results application in international practice will allow linguists to interpret neologisms that emerged as a result of the pandemic and foster the understanding of axiological indicators of native speakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research is to specify the application of the axiological approach in the context of the socio-philosophical analysis of the phenomenon of Ukrainian business. In accordance with the stated objective, the following tasks have been accomplished: (1) modern approaches to understanding the content and essence of the axiological approach in scientific research have been generalized, and (2) the methodological potential of applying the respective approach for analyzing the phenomenon of Ukrainian business, particularly its business strategies, has been determined. The study demonstrates that business serves as an interesting subject for investigation and socio-philosophical analysis, particularly concerning its values and value orientations and their influence on business strategies. It is argued that understanding the value aspects of business holds both theoretical and practical significance, as it can help improve the socio-institutional framework of business relations with society and the state. As a result of the conducted research, it was possible to: justify the relevance of axiological analysis of the value aspects of Ukrainian business; clarify the essence and functions of business philosophy, its significance for business development and sustainability; demonstrate the potential of the axiological approach for understanding the value orientations of Ukrainian business, its relationships with society, and opportunities for its development. Research on the value aspects of Ukrainian business can contribute to the enhancement of its practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This gloss discusses two, at first glance imperceptible, problems that are concentrated in the ruling analyzed. The first of these is the practical application of ethical principles by public administration bodies. In the case being commented on - submitting an application for a school scholarship beyond the statutory deadline - the public administration authorities not only failed to fulfill their obligations related to the fair consideration of the case, but also to provide protection to a family in a difficult life situation. Such protection is guaranteed not only by statutes, including the Code of Administrative Procedure, but also by the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and international agreements binding on Poland. The Supreme Administrative Court's judgment focused primarily on the analysis of the provisions of the Education System Act, without paying much attention to the above-mentioned problem of standards that should guide public administration. In the author's opinion, such a way of considering the case, which ignores the broader context of the primary causes of the entire problem, should be considered as a serious omission. In the light of the fundamental role of the courts in protecting the fundamental rights of the individual, as well as the influence of case law on shaping the legal culture of public authorities and society, the duty of the court - especially the court of last instance - is to provide a detailed explanation of all doubts that have arisen in a given case and a comprehensive justification of the reasons for a given decision. The goal that the court should strive for is not only to uphold and promote certain standards or maintain the uniformity of case law, but also to ensure that both the parties and all other recipients of the judgment have no or the least possible doubts as to the correctness of the judgment. All this significantly affects the authority of the judiciary and the trust of citizens in it, and thus to some extent, also their faith in the entire public authority in Poland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Science is the property of Alcide De Gasperi University of Euroregional Economy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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The purpose of this article is to determine the objectives of public finance law, which is part of financial law. The research problem is to answer the question of whether the findings regarding the objectives of a given branch of law can be useful in developing the specific axiology for that very branch of law. The article proves the hypothesis that the objectives of public finance law are closely linked to the protection of public values to be true. Hence, it was considered particularly expedient to apply axiological analysis of law to the study of axiological issues of financial policy, which plays a secondary role in relation to economic and social policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Critique of Law: Independent Legal Studies / Krytyka Prawa: Niezalezne Studia nad Prawem is the property of Akademia Leona Kozminskiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As inherent in man, the evaluation process begins at the moment of our birth and accompanies us throughout our lives. The student's value system is formed during socialisation under the influence of various factors. Family, education, and school have a fundamental role in shaping, preserving, and changing values. It is necessary to know the learner's pre-existing values, what they represent in their behaviour, actions, and words. The student's value system is reflected in their perception and way of life; it determines their relationship with the world, reflecting in their behavioural norms, activities, moral rules they follow, Etc. In the following, I undertake a short presentation of the research on Hungarian young people in Romania with the aim of preparing a kind of chronological, a thematic overview of the implemented research. I will briefly present a couple of value sociology studies; therefore, it is not new knowledge but a thematic presentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay is motivated by the contention that an incomplete picture of Edmund Husserl's philosophy of feelings persists. While his standard account of feelings, as it is presented in his major works, has been extensively studied, there is another branch of his theory of feelings, which has received little attention. This other branch is Husserl's rigorous and distinct investigations of the feeling of approval. Simply stated, the goal of this essay is to outline the evolution of this secondary branch of Husserl's philosophy of feelings from 1896 to 1911. I highlight how Husserl's examinations of approval – as an intention that performs both an axiological and a seemingly cognitive function – lead him to extraordinary observations about the execution of feelings and the truth of judgments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]