Search

Your search keyword '"Axfors, Cathrine"' showing total 340 results
Start Over Author "Axfors, Cathrine"
340 results on '"Axfors, Cathrine"'

2. Author Correction: Mortality outcomes with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19 from an international collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials

Author

Axfors, Cathrine, Schmitt, Andreas M., Janiaud, Perrine, van’t Hooft, Janneke, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdo, Ehab F., Abella, Benjamin S., Akram, Javed, Amaravadi, Ravi K., Angus, Derek C., Arabi, Yaseen M., Azhar, Shehnoor, Baden, Lindsey R., Baker, Arthur W., Belkhir, Leila, Benfield, Thomas, Berrevoets, Marvin A. H., Chen, Cheng-Pin, Chen, Tsung-Chia, Cheng, Shu-Hsing, Cheng, Chien-Yu, Chung, Wei-Sheng, Cohen, Yehuda Z., Cowan, Lisa N., Dalgard, Olav, de Almeida e Val, Fernando F., de Lacerda, Marcus V. G., de Melo, Gisely C., Derde, Lennie, Dubee, Vincent, Elfakir, Anissa, Gordon, Anthony C., Hernandez-Cardenas, Carmen M., Hills, Thomas, Hoepelman, Andy I. M., Huang, Yi-Wen, Igau, Bruno, Jin, Ronghua, Jurado-Camacho, Felipe, Khan, Khalid S., Kremsner, Peter G., Kreuels, Benno, Kuo, Cheng-Yu, Le, Thuy, Lin, Yi-Chun, Lin, Wu-Pu, Lin, Tse-Hung, Lyngbakken, Magnus Nakrem, McArthur, Colin, McVerry, Bryan J., Meza-Meneses, Patricia, Monteiro, Wuelton M., Morpeth, Susan C., Mourad, Ahmad, Mulligan, Mark J., Murthy, Srinivas, Naggie, Susanna, Narayanasamy, Shanti, Nichol, Alistair, Novack, Lewis A., O’Brien, Sean M., Okeke, Nwora Lance, Perez, Léna, Perez-Padilla, Rogelio, Perrin, Laurent, Remigio-Luna, Arantxa, Rivera-Martinez, Norma E., Rockhold, Frank W., Rodriguez-Llamazares, Sebastian, Rolfe, Robert, Rosa, Rossana, Røsjø, Helge, Sampaio, Vanderson S., Seto, Todd B., Shahzad, Muhammad, Soliman, Shaimaa, Stout, Jason E., Thirion-Romero, Ireri, Troxel, Andrea B., Tseng, Ting-Yu, Turner, Nicholas A., Ulrich, Robert J., Walsh, Stephen R., Webb, Steve A., Weehuizen, Jesper M., Velinova, Maria, Wong, Hon-Lai, Wrenn, Rebekah, Zampieri, Fernando G., Zhong, Wu, Moher, David, Goodman, Steven N., Ioannidis, John P. A., and Hemkens, Lars G.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Causal and Associational Language in Observational Health Research: A Systematic Evaluation

Author

Haber, Noah A, Wieten, Sarah E, Rohrer, Julia M, Arah, Onyebuchi A, Tennant, Peter WG, Stuart, Elizabeth A, Murray, Eleanor J, Pilleron, Sophie, Lam, Sze Tung, Riederer, Emily, Howcutt, Sarah Jane, Simmons, Alison E, Leyrat, Clémence, Schoenegger, Philipp, Booman, Anna, Dufour, Mi-Suk Kang, O’Donoghue, Ashley L, Baglini, Rebekah, Do, Stefanie, De La Rosa Takashima, Mari, Evans, Thomas Rhys, Rodriguez-Molina, Daloha, Alsalti, Taym M, Dunleavy, Daniel J, Meyerowitz-Katz, Gideon, Antonietti, Alberto, Calvache, Jose A, Kelson, Mark J, Salvia, Meg G, Parra, Camila Olarte, Khalatbari-Soltani, Saman, McLinden, Taylor, Chatton, Arthur, Seiler, Jessie, Steriu, Andreea, Alshihayb, Talal S, Twardowski, Sarah E, Dabravolskaj, Julia, Au, Eric, Hoopsick, Rachel A, Suresh, Shashank, Judd, Nicholas, Peña, Sebastián, Axfors, Cathrine, Khan, Palwasha, Aguirre, Ariadne E Rivera, Odo, Nnaemeka U, Schmid, Ian, and Fox, Matthew P

Subjects
Epidemiology, Public Health, Health Sciences, Humans, Language, Causality, Biomedical Research, association, causal inference, causal language, observational study, Mathematical Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract

We estimated the degree to which language used in the high-profile medical/public health/epidemiology literature implied causality using language linking exposures to outcomes and action recommendations; examined disconnects between language and recommendations; identified the most common linking phrases; and estimated how strongly linking phrases imply causality. We searched for and screened 1,170 articles from 18 high-profile journals (65 per journal) published from 2010-2019. Based on written framing and systematic guidance, 3 reviewers rated the degree of causality implied in abstracts and full text for exposure/outcome linking language and action recommendations. Reviewers rated the causal implication of exposure/outcome linking language as none (no causal implication) in 13.8%, weak in 34.2%, moderate in 33.2%, and strong in 18.7% of abstracts. The implied causality of action recommendations was higher than the implied causality of linking sentences for 44.5% or commensurate for 40.3% of articles. The most common linking word in abstracts was "associate" (45.7%). Reviewers' ratings of linking word roots were highly heterogeneous; over half of reviewers rated "association" as having at least some causal implication. This research undercuts the assumption that avoiding "causal" words leads to clarity of interpretation in medical research.

Published
2022

11. Author Correction 2024: Mortality outcomes with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19 from an international collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials(Nature Communications, (2021), 12, (1), 10.1038/s41467-021-22446-z)

Author

Medische Staf Intensive Care, Infection & Immunity, MS Reumatologie/Immunologie/Infectie, MS Interne Geneeskunde, MS Dermatologie/Allergologie, MS Infectieziekten, Axfors, Cathrine, Schmitt, Andreas M, Janiaud, Perrine, Van't Hooft, Janneke, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdo, Ehab F, Abella, Benjamin S, Akram, Javed, Amaravadi, Ravi K, Angus, Derek C, Arabi, Yaseen M, Azhar, Shehnoor, Baden, Lindsey R, Baker, Arthur W, Belkhir, Leila, Benfield, Thomas, Berrevoets, Marvin A H, Chen, Cheng-Pin, Chen, Tsung-Chia, Cheng, Shu-Hsing, Cheng, Chien-Yu, Chung, Wei-Sheng, Cohen, Yehuda Z, Cowan, Lisa N, Dalgard, Olav, de Almeida E Val, Fernando F, de Lacerda, Marcus V G, de Melo, Gisely C, Derde, Lennie, Dubee, Vincent, Elfakir, Anissa, Gordon, Anthony C, Hernandez-Cardenas, Carmen M, Hills, Thomas, Hoepelman, Andy I M, Huang, Yi-Wen, Igau, Bruno, Jin, Ronghua, Jurado-Camacho, Felipe, Khan, Khalid S, Kremsner, Peter G, Kreuels, Benno, Kuo, Cheng-Yu, Le, Thuy, Lin, Yi-Chun, Lin, Wu-Pu, Lin, Tse-Hung, Lyngbakken, Magnus Nakrem, McArthur, Colin, McVerry, Bryan J, Meza-Meneses, Patricia, Monteiro, Wuelton M, Morpeth, Susan C, Mourad, Ahmad, Mulligan, Mark J, Murthy, Srinivas, Naggie, Susanna, Narayanasamy, Shanti, Nichol, Alistair, Novack, Lewis A, O'Brien, Sean M, Okeke, Nwora Lance, Perez, Léna, Perez-Padilla, Rogelio, Perrin, Laurent, Remigio-Luna, Arantxa, Rivera-Martinez, Norma E, Rockhold, Frank W, Rodriguez-Llamazares, Sebastian, Rolfe, Robert, Rosa, Rossana, Røsjø, Helge, Sampaio, Vanderson S, Seto, Todd B, Shahzad, Muhammad, Soliman, Shaimaa, Stout, Jason E, Thirion-Romero, Ireri, Troxel, Andrea B, Tseng, Ting-Yu, Turner, Nicholas A, Ulrich, Robert J, Walsh, Stephen R, Webb, Steve A, Weehuizen, Jesper M, Velinova, Maria, Wong, Hon-Lai, Wrenn, Rebekah, Zampieri, Fernando G, Zhong, Wu, Moher, David, Goodman, Steven N, Ioannidis, John P A, Hemkens, Lars G, Medische Staf Intensive Care, Infection & Immunity, MS Reumatologie/Immunologie/Infectie, MS Interne Geneeskunde, MS Dermatologie/Allergologie, MS Infectieziekten, Axfors, Cathrine, Schmitt, Andreas M, Janiaud, Perrine, Van't Hooft, Janneke, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdo, Ehab F, Abella, Benjamin S, Akram, Javed, Amaravadi, Ravi K, Angus, Derek C, Arabi, Yaseen M, Azhar, Shehnoor, Baden, Lindsey R, Baker, Arthur W, Belkhir, Leila, Benfield, Thomas, Berrevoets, Marvin A H, Chen, Cheng-Pin, Chen, Tsung-Chia, Cheng, Shu-Hsing, Cheng, Chien-Yu, Chung, Wei-Sheng, Cohen, Yehuda Z, Cowan, Lisa N, Dalgard, Olav, de Almeida E Val, Fernando F, de Lacerda, Marcus V G, de Melo, Gisely C, Derde, Lennie, Dubee, Vincent, Elfakir, Anissa, Gordon, Anthony C, Hernandez-Cardenas, Carmen M, Hills, Thomas, Hoepelman, Andy I M, Huang, Yi-Wen, Igau, Bruno, Jin, Ronghua, Jurado-Camacho, Felipe, Khan, Khalid S, Kremsner, Peter G, Kreuels, Benno, Kuo, Cheng-Yu, Le, Thuy, Lin, Yi-Chun, Lin, Wu-Pu, Lin, Tse-Hung, Lyngbakken, Magnus Nakrem, McArthur, Colin, McVerry, Bryan J, Meza-Meneses, Patricia, Monteiro, Wuelton M, Morpeth, Susan C, Mourad, Ahmad, Mulligan, Mark J, Murthy, Srinivas, Naggie, Susanna, Narayanasamy, Shanti, Nichol, Alistair, Novack, Lewis A, O'Brien, Sean M, Okeke, Nwora Lance, Perez, Léna, Perez-Padilla, Rogelio, Perrin, Laurent, Remigio-Luna, Arantxa, Rivera-Martinez, Norma E, Rockhold, Frank W, Rodriguez-Llamazares, Sebastian, Rolfe, Robert, Rosa, Rossana, Røsjø, Helge, Sampaio, Vanderson S, Seto, Todd B, Shahzad, Muhammad, Soliman, Shaimaa, Stout, Jason E, Thirion-Romero, Ireri, Troxel, Andrea B, Tseng, Ting-Yu, Turner, Nicholas A, Ulrich, Robert J, Walsh, Stephen R, Webb, Steve A, Weehuizen, Jesper M, Velinova, Maria, Wong, Hon-Lai, Wrenn, Rebekah, Zampieri, Fernando G, Zhong, Wu, Moher, David, Goodman, Steven N, Ioannidis, John P A, and Hemkens, Lars G

Published
2024

12. Results reporting for clinical trials led by medical universities and university hospitals in the Nordic countries was often missing or delayed

Author

Nilsonne, Gustav, primary, Wieschowski, Susanne, additional, DeVito, Nicholas J, additional, Salholz-Hillel, Maia, additional, Bruckner, Till, additional, Klas, Katarzyna, additional, Suljic, Tarik, additional, Yerunkar, Samruddhi, additional, Olsson, Natasha, additional, Cruz, Carolina, additional, Strzebonska, Karolina, additional, Smabrekke, Lars, additional, Wasylewski, Mateusz T., additional, Bengtsson, Johan, additional, Ringsten, Martin, additional, Schuster, Aminul, additional, Krawczyk, Tomasz, additional, Paraskevas, Themistoklis, additional, Ahnstrom, Love, additional, Raittio, Eero, additional, Herczeg, Luca, additional, Hesselberg, Jan-Ole, additional, Karlsson, Sofia, additional, Borana, Ronak, additional, Bruschettini, Matteo, additional, Mulinari, Shai, additional, Lizarraga, Karely, additional, Siebert, Maximilian, additional, Hildebrand, Nicole, additional, Ramakrishnan, Shreya, additional, Janiaud, Perrine, additional, Zavalis, Emmanuel, additional, Franzen, Delwen L, additional, Boesen, Kim, additional, Hemkens, Lars G, additional, Naudet, Florian, additional, Possmark, Sofie, additional, Willen, Rebecca M., additional, Ioannidis, John PA, additional, Strech, Daniel, additional, and Axfors, Cathrine, additional

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Use of pragmatic randomized trials in multiple sclerosis: A systematic overview

Author

Hirt, Julian, primary, Janiaud, Perrine, additional, Düblin, Pascal, additional, Nicoletti, Giovanni Jacopo, additional, Dembowska, Kinga, additional, Nguyen, Thao Vy Thi, additional, Woelfle, Tim, additional, Axfors, Cathrine, additional, Yaldizli, Özgür, additional, Granziera, Cristina, additional, Kuhle, Jens, additional, Kappos, Ludwig, additional, and Hemkens, Lars G, additional

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Association between convalescent plasma treatment and mortality in COVID-19: a collaborative systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Author

Axfors, Cathrine, Janiaud, Perrine, Schmitt, Andreas M., van’t Hooft, Janneke, Smith, Emily R., Haber, Noah A., Abayomi, Akin, Abduljalil, Manal, Abdulrahman, Abdulkarim, Acosta-Ampudia, Yeny, Aguilar-Guisado, Manuela, Al-Beidh, Farah, Alejandria, Marissa M., Alfonso, Rachelle N., Ali, Mohammad, AlQahtani, Manaf, AlZamrooni, Alaa, Anaya, Juan-Manuel, Ang, Mark Angelo C., Aomar, Ismael F., Argumanis, Luis E., Averyanov, Alexander, Baklaushev, Vladimir P., Balionis, Olga, Benfield, Thomas, Berry, Scott, Birocco, Nadia, Bonifacio, Lynn B., Bowen, Asha C., Bown, Abbie, Cabello-Gutierrez, Carlos, Camacho, Bernardo, Camacho-Ortiz, Adrian, Campbell-Lee, Sally, Cao, Damon H., Cardesa, Ana, Carnate, Jose M., Castillo, German Jr. J., Cavallo, Rossana, Chowdhury, Fazle R., Chowdhury, Forhad U. H., Ciccone, Giovannino, Cingolani, Antonella, Climacosa, Fresthel Monica M., Compernolle, Veerle, Cortez, Carlo Francisco N., Costa Neto, Abel, D’Antico, Sergio, Daly, James, Danielle, Franca, Davis, Joshua S., De Rosa, Francesco Giuseppe, Denholm, Justin T., Denkinger, Claudia M., Desmecht, Daniel, Díaz-Coronado, Juan C., Díaz Ponce-Medrano, Juan A., Donneau, Anne-Françoise, Dumagay, Teresita E., Dunachie, Susanna, Dungog, Cecile C., Erinoso, Olufemi, Escasa, Ivy Mae S., Estcourt, Lise J., Evans, Amy, Evasan, Agnes L. M., Fareli, Christian J., Fernandez-Sanchez, Veronica, Galassi, Claudia, Gallo, Juan E., Garcia, Patricia J., Garcia, Patricia L., Garcia, Jesus A., Garigliany, Mutien, Garza-Gonzalez, Elvira, Gauiran, Deonne Thaddeus V., Gaviria García, Paula A., Giron-Gonzalez, Jose-Antonio, Gómez-Almaguer, David, Gordon, Anthony C., Gothot, André, Grass Guaqueta, Jeser Santiago, Green, Cameron, Grimaldi, David, Hammond, Naomi E., Harvala, Heli, Heralde, Francisco M., Herrick, Jesica, Higgins, Alisa M., Hills, Thomas E., Hines, Jennifer, Holm, Karin, Hoque, Ashraful, Hoste, Eric, Ignacio, Jose M., Ivanov, Alexander V., Janssen, Maike, Jennings, Jeffrey H., Jha, Vivekanand, King, Ruby Anne N., Kjeldsen-Kragh, Jens, Klenerman, Paul, Kotecha, Aditya, Krapp, Fiorella, Labanca, Luciana, Laing, Emma, Landin-Olsson, Mona, Laterre, Pierre-François, Lim, Lyn-Li, Lim, Jodor, Ljungquist, Oskar, Llaca-Díaz, Jorge M., López-Robles, Concepción, López-Cárdenas, Salvador, Lopez-Plaza, Ileana, Lucero, Josephine Anne C., Lundgren, Maria, Macías, Juan, Maganito, Sandy C., Malundo, Anna Flor G., Manrique, Rubén D., Manzini, Paola M., Marcos, Miguel, Marquez, Ignacio, Martínez-Marcos, Francisco Javier, Mata, Ana M., McArthur, Colin J., McQuilten, Zoe K., McVerry, Bryan J., Menon, David K., Meyfroidt, Geert, Mirasol, Ma. Angelina L., Misset, Benoît, Molton, James S., Mondragon, Alric V., Monsalve, Diana M., Moradi Choghakabodi, Parastoo, Morpeth, Susan C., Mouncey, Paul R., Moutschen, Michel, Müller-Tidow, Carsten, Murphy, Erin, Najdovski, Tome, Nichol, Alistair D., Nielsen, Henrik, Novak, Richard M., O’Sullivan, Matthew V. N., Olalla, Julian, Osibogun, Akin, Osikomaiya, Bodunrin, Oyonarte, Salvador, Pardo-Oviedo, Juan M., Patel, Mahesh C., Paterson, David L., Peña-Perez, Carlos A., Perez-Calatayud, Angel A., Pérez-Alba, Eduardo, Perkina, Anastasia, Perry, Naomi, Pouladzadeh, Mandana, Poyato, Inmaculada, Price, David J., Quero, Anne Kristine H., Rahman, Md. M., Rahman, Md. S., Ramesh, Mayur, Ramírez-Santana, Carolina, Rasmussen, Magnus, Rees, Megan A., Rego, Eduardo, Roberts, Jason A., Roberts, David J., Rodríguez, Yhojan, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, Rogers, Benjamin A., Rojas, Manuel, Romero, Alberto, Rowan, Kathryn M., Saccona, Fabio, Safdarian, Mehdi, Santos, Maria Clariza M., Sasadeusz, Joe, Scozzari, Gitana, Shankar-Hari, Manu, Sharma, Gorav, Snelling, Thomas, Soto, Alonso, Tagayuna, Pedrito Y., Tang, Amy, Tatem, Geneva, Teofili, Luciana, Tong, Steven Y. C., Turgeon, Alexis F., Veloso, Januario D., Venkatesh, Balasubramanian, Ventura-Enriquez, Yanet, Webb, Steve A., Wiese, Lothar, Wikén, Christian, Wood, Erica M., Yusubalieva, Gaukhar M., Zacharowski, Kai, Zarychanski, Ryan, Khanna, Nina, Moher, David, Goodman, Steven N., Ioannidis, John P. A., and Hemkens, Lars G.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Author Correction: Mortality outcomes with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19 from an international collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials

Author

Axfors, Cathrine, Schmitt, Andreas M., Janiaud, Perrine, van’t Hooft, Janneke, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdo, Ehab F., Abella, Benjamin S., Akram, Javed, Amaravadi, Ravi K., Angus, Derek C., Arabi, Yaseen M., Azhar, Shehnoor, Baden, Lindsey R., Baker, Arthur W., Belkhir, Leila, Benfield, Thomas, Berrevoets, Marvin A. H., Chen, Cheng-Pin, Chen, Tsung-Chia, Cheng, Shu-Hsing, Cheng, Chien-Yu, Chung, Wei-Sheng, Cohen, Yehuda Z., Cowan, Lisa N., Dalgard, Olav, de Almeida e Val, Fernando F., de Lacerda, Marcus V. G., de Melo, Gisely C., Derde, Lennie, Dubee, Vincent, Elfakir, Anissa, Gordon, Anthony C., Hernandez-Cardenas, Carmen M., Hills, Thomas, Hoepelman, Andy I. M., Huang, Yi-Wen, Igau, Bruno, Jin, Ronghua, Jurado-Camacho, Felipe, Khan, Khalid S., Kremsner, Peter G., Kreuels, Benno, Kuo, Cheng-Yu, Le, Thuy, Lin, Yi-Chun, Lin, Wu-Pu, Lin, Tse-Hung, Lyngbakken, Magnus Nakrem, McArthur, Colin, McVerry, Bryan J., Meza-Meneses, Patricia, Monteiro, Wuelton M., Morpeth, Susan C., Mourad, Ahmad, Mulligan, Mark J., Murthy, Srinivas, Naggie, Susanna, Narayanasamy, Shanti, Nichol, Alistair, Novack, Lewis A., O’Brien, Sean M., Okeke, Nwora Lance, Perez, Léna, Perez-Padilla, Rogelio, Perrin, Laurent, Remigio-Luna, Arantxa, Rivera-Martinez, Norma E., Rockhold, Frank W., Rodriguez-Llamazares, Sebastian, Rolfe, Robert, Rosa, Rossana, Røsjø, Helge, Sampaio, Vanderson S., Seto, Todd B., Shahzad, Muhammad, Soliman, Shaimaa, Stout, Jason E., Thirion-Romero, Ireri, Troxel, Andrea B., Tseng, Ting-Yu, Turner, Nicholas A., Ulrich, Robert J., Walsh, Stephen R., Webb, Steve A., Weehuizen, Jesper M., Velinova, Maria, Wong, Hon-Lai, Wrenn, Rebekah, Zampieri, Fernando G., Zhong, Wu, Moher, David, Goodman, Steven N., Ioannidis, John P. A., and Hemkens, Lars G.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. Mortality outcomes with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19 from an international collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials

Author

Axfors, Cathrine, Schmitt, Andreas M., Janiaud, Perrine, van’t Hooft, Janneke, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdo, Ehab F., Abella, Benjamin S., Akram, Javed, Amaravadi, Ravi K., Angus, Derek C., Arabi, Yaseen M., Azhar, Shehnoor, Baden, Lindsey R., Baker, Arthur W., Belkhir, Leila, Benfield, Thomas, Berrevoets, Marvin A. H., Chen, Cheng-Pin, Chen, Tsung-Chia, Cheng, Shu-Hsing, Cheng, Chien-Yu, Chung, Wei-Sheng, Cohen, Yehuda Z., Cowan, Lisa N., Dalgard, Olav, de Almeida e Val, Fernando F., de Lacerda, Marcus V. G., de Melo, Gisely C., Derde, Lennie, Dubee, Vincent, Elfakir, Anissa, Gordon, Anthony C., Hernandez-Cardenas, Carmen M., Hills, Thomas, Hoepelman, Andy I. M., Huang, Yi-Wen, Igau, Bruno, Jin, Ronghua, Jurado-Camacho, Felipe, Khan, Khalid S., Kremsner, Peter G., Kreuels, Benno, Kuo, Cheng-Yu, Le, Thuy, Lin, Yi-Chun, Lin, Wu-Pu, Lin, Tse-Hung, Lyngbakken, Magnus Nakrem, McArthur, Colin, McVerry, Bryan J., Meza-Meneses, Patricia, Monteiro, Wuelton M., Morpeth, Susan C., Mourad, Ahmad, Mulligan, Mark J., Murthy, Srinivas, Naggie, Susanna, Narayanasamy, Shanti, Nichol, Alistair, Novack, Lewis A., O’Brien, Sean M., Okeke, Nwora Lance, Perez, Léna, Perez-Padilla, Rogelio, Perrin, Laurent, Remigio-Luna, Arantxa, Rivera-Martinez, Norma E., Rockhold, Frank W., Rodriguez-Llamazares, Sebastian, Rolfe, Robert, Rosa, Rossana, Røsjø, Helge, Sampaio, Vanderson S., Seto, Todd B., Shahzad, Muhammad, Soliman, Shaimaa, Stout, Jason E., Thirion-Romero, Ireri, Troxel, Andrea B., Tseng, Ting-Yu, Turner, Nicholas A., Ulrich, Robert J., Walsh, Stephen R., Webb, Steve A., Weehuizen, Jesper M., Velinova, Maria, Wong, Hon-Lai, Wrenn, Rebekah, Zampieri, Fernando G., Zhong, Wu, Moher, David, Goodman, Steven N., Ioannidis, John P. A., and Hemkens, Lars G.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. Medical journal requirements for clinical trial data sharing: Ripe for improvement

Author

Naudet, Florian, Siebert, Maximilian, Pellen, Claude, Gaba, Jeanne, Axfors, Cathrine, Cristea, Ioana, Danchev, Valentin, Mansmann, Ulrich, Ohmann, Christian, Wallach, Joshua D., Moher, David, and Ioannidis, John P. A.

Subjects
Disclosure of information -- Standards, Medical journals -- Standards, Clinical trials -- Standards, Biological sciences
Abstract

Author(s): Florian Naudet 1,*, Maximilian Siebert 1, Claude Pellen 1, Jeanne Gaba 1, Cathrine Axfors 2,3, Ioana Cristea 4, Valentin Danchev 2,5, Ulrich Mansmann 6,7, Christian Ohmann 8, Joshua D. [...]

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

22. The evidence base of US Food and Drug Administration approvals of novel cancer therapies from 2000 to 2020

Author

Gloy, Viktoria, Schmitt, Andreas M., Dueblin, Pascal, Hirt, Julian, Axfors, Cathrine, Kuk, Hanna, Pereira, Tiago V., Locher, Clara, Caquelin, Laura, Walter-Claudi, Martin, Lythgoe, Mark P., Herbrand, Amanda, Kasenda, Benjamin, Hemkens, Lars G., Gloy, Viktoria, Schmitt, Andreas M., Dueblin, Pascal, Hirt, Julian, Axfors, Cathrine, Kuk, Hanna, Pereira, Tiago V., Locher, Clara, Caquelin, Laura, Walter-Claudi, Martin, Lythgoe, Mark P., Herbrand, Amanda, Kasenda, Benjamin, and Hemkens, Lars G.

Abstract

Concerns have been raised that regulatory programs to accelerate approval of cancer drugs in cancer may increase uncertainty about benefits and harms for survival and quality of life (QoL). We analyzed all pivotal clinical trials and all non-pivotal randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for all cancer drugs approved for the first time by the FDA between 2000 and 2020. We report regulatory and trial characteristics. Effects on overall survival (OS), progression-free survival and tumor response were summarized in meta-analyses. Effects on QoL were qualitatively summarized. Between 2000 and 2020, the FDA approved 145 novel cancer drugs for 156 indications based on 190 clinical trials. Half of indications (49%) were approved without RCT evidence; 82% had a single clinical trial only. OS was primary endpoint in 14% of trials and QoL data were available from 25%. The median OS benefit was 2.55 months (IQR, 1.33-4.28) with a mean hazard ratio for OS of 0.75 (95%CI, 0.72-0.79, I-2 = 42). Improvement for QoL was reported for 7 (4%) of 156 indications. Over time, priority review was used increasingly and the mean number of trials per indication decreased from 1.45 to 1.12. More trials reported results on QoL (19% in 2000-2005; 41% in 2016-2020). For 21 years, novel cancer drugs have typically been approved based on one single, often uncontrolled, clinical trial, measuring surrogate endpoints. This leaves cancer patients without solid evidence that novel drugs improve their survival or QoL and there is no indication towards improvement.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. Differential COVID-19 infection rates in children, adults, and elderly : Systematic review and meta-analysis of 38 pre-vaccination national seroprevalence studies

Author

Axfors, Cathrine, Pezzullo, Angelo Maria, Contopoulos-Ioannidis, Despina G., Apostolatos, Alexandre, Ioannidis, John P. A., Axfors, Cathrine, Pezzullo, Angelo Maria, Contopoulos-Ioannidis, Despina G., Apostolatos, Alexandre, and Ioannidis, John P. A.

Abstract

Background Debate exists about whether extra protection of elderly and other vulnerable individuals is feasible in COVID-19. We aimed to assess the relative infection rates in the elderly vs the non-elderly and, secondarily, in children vs adults. Methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of seroprevalence studies conducted in the pre-vaccination era. We identified representative national studies without high risk of bias through SeroTracker and PubMed searches (last updated May 17, 2022). We noted seroprevalence estimates for children, non-elderly adults, and elderly adults, using cut-offs of 20 and 60 years (or as close to these ages, if they were unavailable) and compared them between different age groups. Results We included 38 national seroprevalence studies from 36 different countries comprising 826 963 participants. Twenty-six of these studies also included pediatric populations and twenty-five were from high-income countries. The median ratio of seroprevalence in elderly vs non-elderly adults (or non-elderly in general, if pediatric and adult population data were not offered separately) was 0.90-0.95 in different analyses, with large variability across studies. In five studies (all in high-income countries), we observed significant protection of the elderly with a ratio of <0.40, with a median of 0.83 in high-income countries and 1.02 elsewhere. The median ratio of seroprevalence in children vs adults was 0.89 and only one study showed a significant ratio of <0.40. The main limitation of our study is the inaccuracies and biases in seroprevalence studies. Conclusions Precision shielding of elderly community-dwelling populations before the availability of vaccines was indicated in some high-income countries, but most countries failed to achieve any substantial focused protection. Registration Open Science Framework (available at: https://osf.io/xvupr), De två första författarna delar förstaförfattarskapet

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. Pre-pregnancy participation and performance in world's largest cross-country ski race as a proxy for physical exercise and fitness, and perinatal outcomes : Prospective registry-based cohort study

Author

Axfors, Cathrine, Wikström, Anna-Karin, Sundström Poromaa, Inger, Hållmarker, Ulf, Michaëlsson, Karl, Wallert, John, White, Richard A. A., Skalkidou, Alkistis, Axfors, Cathrine, Wikström, Anna-Karin, Sundström Poromaa, Inger, Hållmarker, Ulf, Michaëlsson, Karl, Wallert, John, White, Richard A. A., and Skalkidou, Alkistis

Abstract

Objective: Investigate associations between pre-pregnancy participation and performance in a demanding cross-country ski race (proxy for exercise volume and fitness) and perinatal outcomes. Pre-registered protocol: osf.io/aywg2. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Based on entire overlap between the Vasaloppet registry and the population-based Swedish Pregnancy Register. Sample: All female Vasaloppet participants 1991-2017 with subsequent singleton delivery (skiers), and age- and county-matched non-skiers. Methods: We calculated odds ratios (ORs) for non-skiers versus skiers (model 1) and, among skiers, by performance (model 2), in Bayesian logistic regressions adjusted for socio-demographics, lifestyle factors, and comorbidities. We repeated calculations adjusting for early pregnancy body mass index (potential mediator) and explored robustness (selection/exposure settings; multiple comparisons correction). Main outcome measures: Twenty-nine important perinatal outcomes, predefined based on existing expert consensus. Results: Non-skiers (n = 194 384) versus skiers (n = 15 377) (and slower versus faster performance, not shown) consistently had higher odds of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (OR 1.70, 95% highest density interval: 1.40-2.09), excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) (1.28, 1.22-1.38), psychiatric morbidity (1.60, 1.49-1.72), any caesarean section (CS) (1.34, 1.28-1.40), elective CS (1.39, 1.29-1.49), and large-for-gestational-age babies (> 90th percentile, 1.11, 1.04-1.18); lower odds of inadequate GWG (0.83, 0.79-0.88); and no associations with fetal/neonatal complications (e.g. preterm birth [1.09, 0.98-1.20], small for gestational age [SGA] [1.23, 1.05-1.45]). Adjustment for body mass index attenuated associations with excessive (1.20, 1.14-1.30) and inadequate GWG (0.87, 0.83-0.92) and large for gestational age (1.07, 1.00-1.13). Conclusion: Non-skiers compared with skiers, and slower versus faster performance, consistently displayed h

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

25. Few randomized trials in preterm birth prevention meet predefined usefulness criteria

Author

van t Hooft, Janneke, van Dijk, Charlotte E., Axfors, Cathrine, Alfirevic, Zarko, Oudijk, Martijn A., Mol, Ben W. . J., Bossuyt, Patrick M., Ioannidis, John P. A., van t Hooft, Janneke, van Dijk, Charlotte E., Axfors, Cathrine, Alfirevic, Zarko, Oudijk, Martijn A., Mol, Ben W. . J., Bossuyt, Patrick M., and Ioannidis, John P. A.

Abstract

Objectives: We operationalized a research usefulness tool identified through literature searches and consensus and examined if randomized controlled trials (RCTs) addressing preterm birth prevention met predefined criteria for usefulness. Study Design and Setting: The usefulness tool included eight criteria combining 13 items. RCTs were evaluated for compliance with each item by multiple assessors (reviewer agreement 95-98%). Proportions of compliances with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated and change over time was assessed using S 2010 as a cutoff. Results: Among 347 selected RCTs, published within 56 preterm birth Cochrane reviews, only 36 (10%, 95% CI = 7-14%) met more than half of the usefulness criteria. Compared to trials before 2010, recent trials used composite or surrogate (less informative) outcomes more often (13% vs. 25%, relative risk 1.91, 95% CI = 1.21-3.00). Only 16 trials reflected real practice (pragmatism) in design (5%, 95% CI = 3-7%), with no improvements over time. No trials reported involvement of mothers to reflect patients' research priorities and outcomes selection. Recent trials were more transparent. Conclusion: Few preterm birth prevention RCTs met more than half of the usefulness criteria but most of usefulness criteria are improving after 2010. Use of informative outcomes, patient centeredness, pragmatism and transparency should be key targets for future research planning.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Assessing the usefulness of randomised trials in obstetrics and gynaecology

Author

van 't Hooft, Janneke, van Dijk, Charlotte E. E., Axfors, Cathrine, Alfirevic, Zarko, Oudijk, Martijn A. A., Khan, Khalid S. S., Mol, Ben W. J., Bossuyt, Patrick M. M., Ioannidis, John P. A., van 't Hooft, Janneke, van Dijk, Charlotte E. E., Axfors, Cathrine, Alfirevic, Zarko, Oudijk, Martijn A. A., Khan, Khalid S. S., Mol, Ben W. J., Bossuyt, Patrick M. M., and Ioannidis, John P. A.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. Age-stratified infection fatality rate of COVID-19 in the non-elderly population

Author

Pezzullo, Angelo Maria, Axfors, Cathrine, Contopoulos-Ioannidis, Despina G, Apostolatos, Alexandre, Ioannidis, John P A, Pezzullo, Angelo Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8252-4654), Pezzullo, Angelo Maria, Axfors, Cathrine, Contopoulos-Ioannidis, Despina G, Apostolatos, Alexandre, Ioannidis, John P A, and Pezzullo, Angelo Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8252-4654)

Abstract

The largest burden of COVID-19 is carried by the elderly, and persons living in nursing homes are particularly vulnerable. However, 94% of the global population is younger than 70 years and 86% is younger than 60 years. The objective of this study was to accurately estimate the infection fatality rate (IFR) of COVID-19 among non -elderly people in the absence of vaccination or prior infection. In systematic searches in SeroTracker and PubMed (protocol: https://osf.io/xvupr), we identified 40 eligible national seroprevalence studies covering 38 countries with pre-vaccination seroprevalence data. For 29 countries (24 high-income, 5 others), publicly available age -stratified COVID-19 death data and age-stratified seroprevalence information were available and were included in the primary analysis. The IFRs had a median of 0.034% (interquartile range (IQR) 0.013-0.056%) for the 0-59 years old population, and 0.095% (IQR 0.036-0.119%) for the 0-69 years old. The median IFR was 0.0003% at 0-19 years, 0.002% at 20-29 years, 0.011% at 30-39 years, 0.035% at 40-49 years, 0.123% at 50-59 years, and 0.506% at 60-69 years. IFR increases approximately 4 times every 10 years. Including data from another 9 countries with imputed age distribution of COVID-19 deaths yielded median IFR of 0.025-0.032% for 0-59 years and 0.063-0.082% for 0-69 years. Meta-regression analyses also suggested global IFR of 0.03% and 0.07%, respectively in these age groups. The current analysis suggests a much lower pre-vaccination IFR in non -elderly populations than previously suggested. Large differences did exist between countries and may reflect differences in comorbidities and other factors. These estimates provide a baseline from which to fathom further IFR declines with the widespread use of vaccination, prior infections, and evolution of new variants.

Published
2023

29. Prepregnancy participation and performance in world's largest cross‐country ski race as a proxy for physical exercise and fitness, and perinatal outcomes: prospective registry‐based cohort study

Author

Axfors, Cathrine, primary, Wikström, Anna‐Karin, additional, Sundström Poromaa, Inger, additional, Hållmarker, Ulf, additional, Michaëlsson, Karl, additional, Wallert, John, additional, White, Richard A., additional, and Skalkidou, Alkistis, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. Systematic evaluation of clinical trial reporting at medical universities and university hospitals in the Nordic countries

Author

Axfors, Cathrine and Nilsonne, Gustav

Subjects
Medical Sciences, Clinical trials, Reporting, Medicine and Health Sciences, Life Sciences
Abstract

Primary aim: This project aims to systematically evaluate the reporting of results from registered clinical trials at all medical universities and university hospitals in the Nordic countries. Secondary aim: We also aim to create and publicly share our dataset of systematically identified clinical trials at Nordic medical universities and university hospitals and their results publications to enable further research.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

38. Infection fatality rate of COVID-19 in community dwelling elderly

Author

Axfors, Cathrine and Ioannidis, john

Subjects
Epidemiology, health care facilities, manpower, and services, Medicine and Health Sciences, social sciences, Public Health, humanities
Abstract

In this mixed-methods analysis combining data from different sources, we aim to estimate the IFR of COVID-19 in community dwelling elderly and elderly overall at all locations where seroprevalence studies with a large number of elderly individuals have been conducted. This protocol is registered prior to data analysis but after piloting data availability.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

41. Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine for survival in COVID-19: an international collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials

Author

Axfors, Cathrine, Schmitt, Andreas, Janiaud, Perrine, van 't Hooft, Janneke, Moher, David, Goodman, Steve, Ioannidis, john, and Hemkens, Lars

Subjects
education, health care economics and organizations
Abstract

An international collaborative meta-analysis on mortality in all ongoing or completed randomized clinical trials evaluating hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine for COVID-19

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

42. Drug-cancer associations in the published literature compared with an agnostic exposure-wide investigation: a meta-research study

Author

Axfors, Cathrine, Ioannidis, john, and Patel, Chirag

Subjects
Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Sciences, Public Health
Abstract

In giant datasets, with a multitude of possible exposure-outcome associations to investigate, analytic flexibility is wide, together with the potential for unintended or intended selective analysis reporting. One way to counteract the effects of selective reporting is to run analyses across many scenarios (not only a small number of sensitivity analyses) and report the full range of effects. Patel et al. used an agnostic, exposure-wide approach to investigate associations between prescribed pharmaceuticals and any cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, or prostate cancer, in the Swedish Prescribed Drug Registry (PDR), a nationwide registry of prescribed pharmaceuticals. The study investigated all drug categories in the registry as exposures, with adjustment for multiple comparisons. By comparing other investigations with this agnostic study, patterns of investigation and reporting can be examined. In this project, our aim is to evaluate how drug-cancer associations in the published literature using the Swedish PDR compare with an agnostic, exposure-wide study on the same registry. 1. Which drug-cancer associations, in which populations, have been investigated in published studies that use the PDR? How do the targeted associations map onto those investigated by the agnostic study? 2. Do published studies based on the PDR report associations with different magnitudes or different statistical significance levels than the agnostic study?

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. COVID-evidence: a living database of trials on interventions for COVID-19

Author

Janiaud, Perrine, Hirt, Julian, Düblin, Pascal, Axfors, Cathrine, Saccilotto, Ramon, Schmitt, Andreas, and Hemkens, Lars

Subjects
systematic reviews, trials, COVID-19, meta-research, rapid reviews
Abstract

COVID-evidence is a freely available online database of worldwide trial evidence on interventions to treat and prevent COVID-19. The methods on the screening, extraction and data management for COVID-evidence described in the protocol has been applied until May 2022. Since June 2022, active work on the project has been stopped. GitHub repository (https://github.com/dkfbasel-meta-research/covid-evidence#the-evidence) provides the source code to setup and update the COVID-evidence database.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

47. Mapping and systematic appraisal of umbrella reviews in biomedical literature

Author

Belbasis, Lazaros, Brooker, Robin, Zavalis, Emmanuel, Pezzullo, Angelo, Axfors, Cathrine, and Ioannidis, john

Subjects
congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Umbrella review, technology, industry, and agriculture, Medicine and Health Sciences, Research Methods in Life Sciences, Life Sciences, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Public Health, Systematic appraisal
Abstract

The present study will provide a comprehensive and systematic assessment of umbrella reviews in biomedical literature.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

48. Predicting perinatal health outcomes using smartphone-based digital phenotyping and machine learning in a prospective Swedish cohort (Mom2B) : study protocol

Author

Bilal, Ayesha, Fransson, Emma, Bränn, Emma, Eriksson, Allison, Zhong, Mengyu, Gidén, Karin, Elofsson, Ulf, Axfors, Cathrine, Skalkidou, Alkistis, Papadopoulos, Fotios, Bilal, Ayesha, Fransson, Emma, Bränn, Emma, Eriksson, Allison, Zhong, Mengyu, Gidén, Karin, Elofsson, Ulf, Axfors, Cathrine, Skalkidou, Alkistis, and Papadopoulos, Fotios

Abstract

Introduction: Perinatal complications, such as perinatal depression and preterm birth, are major causes of morbidity and mortality for the mother and the child. Prediction of high risk can allow for early delivery of existing interventions for prevention. This ongoing study aims to use digital phenotyping data from the Mom2B smartphone application to develop models to predict women at high risk for mental and somatic complications. Methods and analysis: All Swedish-speaking women over 18 years, who are either pregnant or within 3 months postpartum are eligible to participate by downloading the Mom2B smartphone app. We aim to recruit at least 5000 participants with completed outcome measures. Throughout the pregnancy and within the first year postpartum, both active and passive data are collected via the app in an effort to establish a participant's digital phenotype. Active data collection consists of surveys related to participant background information, mental and physical health, lifestyle, and social circumstances, as well as voice recordings. Participants' general smartphone activity, geographical movement patterns, social media activity and cognitive patterns can be estimated through passive data collection from smartphone sensors and activity logs. The outcomes will be measured using surveys, such as the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and through linkage to national registers, from where information on registered clinical diagnoses and received care, including prescribed medication, can be obtained. Advanced machine learning and deep learning techniques will be applied to these multimodal data in order to develop accurate algorithms for the prediction of perinatal depression and preterm birth. In this way, earlier intervention may be possible. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval has been obtained from the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (dnr: 2019/01170, with amendments), and the project fully fulfils the General Data Protection Regulation (GDP

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

50. Predicting perinatal health outcomes using smartphone-based digital phenotyping and machine learning in a prospective Swedish cohort (Mom2B): study protocol

Author

Bilal, Ayesha M, primary, Fransson, Emma, additional, Bränn, Emma, additional, Eriksson, Allison, additional, Zhong, Mengyu, additional, Gidén, Karin, additional, Elofsson, Ulf, additional, Axfors, Cathrine, additional, Skalkidou, Alkistis, additional, and Papadopoulos, Fotios C, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results