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Objective: Adenomyosis is a chronic inflammatory illness that depends on estrogen. In addition to its immune regulatory effects in chronic diseases, vitamin D also plays roles in regulating normal cell growth. In the present study, the purpose was to evaluate the possible relationships between serum 25-OH vitamin D levels and clinical and laboratory parameters in patients who were histopathologically diagnosed with adenomyosis., Materials and Methods: A total of 168 females with a history of hysterectomy between January 2019 and November 2022 who were histopathologically diagnosed with adenomyosis and 168 women who were not diagnosed with adenomyosis were retrospectively evaluated in the present study. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were recorded at the time of admission. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were calculated for each patient to evaluate the severity of dysmenorrhea., Results: There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of VAS: the adenomyosis group scored an average of 6, whereas the control group scored an average of 3 (p<0.001). The average platelet volume value of the patients was 8.6 fL in the adenomyosis group, and that of the control group was 7.2 fL, and it was detected to be significantly elevated in the adenomyosis group (p<0.001). The CA-125 value of the patients was 63.5 U/mL in the adenomyosis group, and that of the control group was 15.6 U/mL and it was detected to be significantly rised in the adenomyosis group (p<0.001). The 25-OH vitamin D level of the patients was 12.6 ng/mL in the adenomyosis group and that of the control group was 19.1 ng/mL and it was detected to be significantly elevated in the control group., Conclusion: The current investigation provides compelling evidence for the association between low vitamin D levels and adenomyosis, which agrees with other research in the field. The current study's findings agree with other research that suggests vitamin D regulates cellular and signaling networks, including those that control cytokines and gene expression during adenomyosis. However, further studies are needed because data assassing the therapeutic efficacy of vitamin D in adenomyosis are questionable., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors., (Copyright© 2024 The Author. Published by Galenos Publishing House on behalf of Turkish Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.)

Objective: To examine cases of mature cystic teratoma (MCT) that were diagnosed and treated in our clinic regarding their association with fertility, and to detect the rate of malignant degeneration and the types of malignancies., Material and Methods: Patients who underwent surgery due to adnexal mass between April 2012 and August 2017 and were diagnosed as having MCT were retrospectively examined. The mean age of the 80 patients who met the inclusion criteria was 30.60±10.5 years. Nine had infertility according to hospital records. Sixty-seven percent of these (n=6) had accompanying endometriosis and MCT was bilateral in 55.5% (n=5). Malignant degeneration was present in 6.25% (n=5), all were monodermal tumors. Malignant degeneration was more common among patients with larger diameter adnexal masses (9.1±2.9 cm) and in those of postmenopausal age. Tumor markers were within the normal range for patients who developed malignancy. Malignant degeneration was not present among infertile patients with endometriosis., Results: Although MCTs do not seem to negatively affect the ovarian reserve, infertility is prominent in patients with concurrent endometriosis. During assessment, concurrent endometriosis should be considered. Imaging findings, large adnexal masses, and postmenopausal period are important for the assessment of MCT concerning malignant degeneration. It should not be overlooked because tumor markers may be normal., Conclusion: MCTs can be present concurrent with endometriomas. In such cases, infertility is more distinct. In MCT malignant degeneration, mass diameter, complex mass internal structure, and postmenopausal status are important factors.