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Background: Correct tumor subtyping of primary renal tumors is essential for treatment decision in daily routine. Most of the tumors can be classified based on morphology alone. Nevertheless, some diagnoses are difficult, and further investigations are needed for correct tumor subtyping. Besides histochemical investigations, high-mass-resolution matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) can detect new diagnostic biomarkers and hence improve the diagnostic. Patients and Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue specimens from clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC, n = 552), papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC, n = 122), chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC, n = 108), and renal oncocytoma (rO, n = 71) were analyzed by high-mass-resolution MALDI fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) MSI. The SPACiAL pipeline was executed for automated co-registration of histological and molecular features. Pathway enrichment and pathway topology analysis were performed to determine significant differences between RCC subtypes. Results: We discriminated the four histological subtypes (ccRCC, pRCC, chRCC, and rO) and established the subtype-specific pathways and metabolic profiles. rO showed an enrichment of pentose phosphate, taurine and hypotaurine, glycerophospholipid, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar, fructose and mannose, glycine, serine, and threonine pathways. ChRCC is defined by enriched pathways including the amino sugar and nucleotide sugar, fructose and mannose, glycerophospholipid, taurine and hypotaurine, glycine, serine, and threonine pathways. Pyrimidine, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar, glycerophospholipids, and glutathione pathways are enriched in ccRCC. Furthermore, we detected enriched phosphatidylinositol and glycerophospholipid pathways in pRCC. Conclusion: In summary, we performed a classification system with a mean accuracy in tumor discrimination of 85.13%. Furthermore, we detected tumor-specific biomarkers for the four most common primary renal tumors by MALDI-MSI. This method is a useful tool in differential diagnosis and biomarker detection.

Ecological and physiological factors lead to different contamination patterns in individual marine mammals. The objective of the present study was to assess whether variations in contamination profiles are indicative of social structures of young male sperm whales as they might reflect a variation in feeding preferences and/or in utilized feeding grounds. We used a total of 61 variables associated with organic compounds and trace element concentrations measured in muscle, liver, kidney and blubber gained from 24 sperm whales that stranded in the North Sea in January and February 2016. Combining contaminant and genetic data, there is evidence for at least two cohorts with different origin among these stranded sperm whales; one from the Canary Island region and one from the northern part of the Atlantic. While genetic data unravel relatedness and kinship, contamination data integrate over areas, where animals occured during their lifetime. Especially in long-lived animals with a large migratory potential, as sperm whales, contamination data may carry highly relevant information about aggregation through time and space.

Einleitung: Die molekulare Untersuchung von Lymphknoten (LK) mittels quantitativer Polymerasekettenreaktion (qPCR) ermöglicht den Nachweis einzelner Tumorzellen. In einer prospektiven Studie untersuchten wir bei Patienten mit Prostatakarzinom (PCa), welche mittels radikaler Prostatektomie (RP) [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], 43. Gemeinsame Tagung der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Urologie und Andrologie und der Bayerischen Urologenvereinigung

Background: Previous investigations on the association of human papillomavirus (HPV) and human bladder cancer have led to conflicting results. The aim of this study was to determine if low and high risk HPV play a role in the etiology of superficial low grade and invasive high grade urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Methods: We prospectively collected tumor samples of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder from 109 patients treated with transurethral resection or cystectomy, with bladder tissue from transurethral resection of the prostate serving as control. Unfixed, frozen tumor samples were analyzed for the presence of 14 high risk HPV types using real time PCR. Additionally, all specimens were tested for 35 low risk HPV types with a conventional PCR using degenerate primers located in the L1 region. Six frozen samples of cervical carcinoma served as positive controls. Results: We included 109 cases of bladder cancer with 41 superficial (pTa low grade) tumors, 56 invasive (pT1-T4) high grade tumors and 12 others (pTa high grade + pTis). We have not detected HPV-DNA in any sample (95 % Confidence Interval [CI] 0-3.3 %), superficial tumors (95 % CI 0-6.4 %) or in invasive tumors (95 % CI 0-8.6 %) with correct positive controls. Conclusions: Using a broad, sensitive assay with prospectively collected specimens of a Central European population we could not detect HPV-DNA in any of the cases. Our results suggest that it is unlikely that HPV infections play a major role in the development of urothelial bladder cancer.

Fragestellung: Patienten mit einem größeren Prostata(P)-Volumen haben laut Studien ein größeres Risiko eines organüberschreitenden bzw. aggressiveren Tumors. Ziel dieser Studie war es, den Einfluss des präoperativ ermittelten P-Volumens und der benignen Prostatasymptomatik[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 41. Gemeinsame Tagung der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Urologie und Andrologie und der Bayerischen Urologenvereinigung

Einleitung: Die Rezidiv- und Progressionsrate des Carcinoma in situ ist trotz TUR-B mit anschließender BCG-Instillationstherapie hoch. Bei Versagen der Instillationstherapie besteht bislang eine Zystektomieindikation. Am Mausmodell konnte die Wirksamkeit einer intravesikalen Radio-Immun-Therapie[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 41. Gemeinsame Tagung der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Urologie und Andrologie und der Bayerischen Urologenvereinigung

Fragestellung: Ziel der Phase II Studie war die Überprüfung der klinischen Aktivität und Toxizität der neoadjuvanten Therapie (HCT) mit Docetaxel (D) und kompletter Androgenblockade. Methodik: Patienten (n=30) mit hohem Progressionsrisiko nach radikaler Prostatektomie (RP)[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 39. Gemeinsame Tagung der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Urologie und Andrologie sowie der Bayerischen Urologenvereinigung

Fragestellung: Um die Ausdehnung der Lymphadenektomie (LAE) bei Patienten mit lokal resektablem Prostatakarzinom (PCa) festlegen zu können, ist es notwendig, die Topografie von Lymphknoten (LK)-Metastasen zu kennen. Da kleine Metastasen in der Routine mittels Histopathologie z.T. nicht detektiert[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 39. Gemeinsame Tagung der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Urologie und Andrologie sowie der Bayerischen Urologenvereinigung